1
速哥,蒙古人。 父忽鲁忽兒,国王木华黎麾下卒也。 后更隶塔海、帖哥军。 以善驰马,有口辩,慎重不泄,令佩银符,常居军中。 奏白机务,往返未尝失期。 太宗以为才,赐名动哥居。 诏:「动哥居奏事,朝至朝入奏,夕至夕入奏。」 尝出金盘龙袍及宫女赐之。 宪宗时,以疾卒。 速哥亦以壮勇居军中,岁甲寅,宪宗命从都元帅帖哥火鲁赤等入蜀。 乙卯,万户刘七哥、阿剌鲁阿力与宋兵战巴州,失利,陷敌中。 速哥驰入其军,夺刘七哥等以归。 以功赐白金五十两、马二匹、紫罗圈甲一注。 又从都元帅纽璘败宋将刘整,破云顶山城。 纽璘受诏会涪州,至马湖江,速哥以革为舟,夜渡江,至大获山行在所,陈道梗失期,帝慰遣之。 未几,复自涪州入奏事,遇宋军于三曹山,速哥众仅百餘,奋兵疾战,败之,夺其器械旗鼓以归。 己未,宋兵攻涪州浮桥,部将火尼赤战陷,速哥破围出之。 又以白事诸王穆哥所,复败宋军于三曹山,还至石羊,与刘整遇,复击败之。 世祖即位,赐白金、弓刀、鞍勒。 中统二年,赐银符,命隶纽璘军。 至元二年,四川行省遣速哥招收降民,得三千餘人。 三年,从行院帖赤战九顶山。 四年,行省也速带兒署为本军总管,从征泸州,取泸川。 五年,立德州,以速哥为达鲁花赤,擢陕西五路四川行省左右司员外郎。 从也速带兒入朝,赏赉加厚。 七年,从也速带兒败宋军于马湖江。 用平章政事赛典赤荐,迁行尚书省员外郎。 九年,建都蛮叛,诏诸王奥鲁赤及也速带兒讨之。 速哥将千人为先锋,破黎州火尾寨,攻连云关,克之。 军至建都,战于东山,斩其酋布库。 复与元帅八兒秃迎合剌军于不鲁思河,所过城邑皆下。 十年,讨碉楼诸蛮,袭破连环城,还败宋军于七盘山,辟新军万户。 十一年,赐虎符,真授管军万户,领成都高哇哥等六翼及京兆新军,教习水战。 也速带兒进围嘉定,速哥率舟师会平康城,修筑怀远等寨,守其要害。 十二年,遣兵败宋将昝万寿于麻平。 既而行枢密副使忽敦等军至,与也速带兒会于红崖,遣速哥守龙坝。 城中大震,宋将陈都统、鲜于团练率舟师遁。 速哥追击,溺死者不可胜计,遂与中使沈答罕徇下流诸城,紫云、泸、叙皆降。 进围重庆,速哥以所部兵镇白水、马湖江口。 十三年,帝遣脱术、教化的持诏谕其守臣使降,不听,乃分兵为五道,水陆并进攻之。 众军不利,唯速哥获战舰三百艘,俘其众百三十人。 涪州守将遣书纳降,速哥率千人往察其情伪。 速哥至涪州,果降,遂入其城。 重庆守臣张万率众来袭,速哥一日夜出兵凡与十八战,斩首三百餘级,万败走。 未几,万复以积兵三千人来攻,又战败之。 十四年,行院辟为镇守万户、嘉定总管府达鲁花赤。 时泸州复叛,速哥从大军讨平之。 重庆受围久,其守将赵安开门出降,制置使张珏遁,速哥追破之,虏百餘人及其舟二十餘艘。 以功授成都水军万户,寻改重庆夔府等路宣抚、招讨两司军民达鲁花赤。 十六年,除四川南道宣慰使,依前成都水军万户,镇重庆、夔、施、黔、忠、万、云、涪、泸等州。 十九年,亦奚不薛蛮叛,置顺元等路军民宣慰司,以速哥为宣慰使,经理诸蛮。 二十四年,迁河东陕西等路万户府达鲁花赤,播州宣抚赛因不花等赴阙请留之。 降八番金竹等百餘寨,得户三万四千,悉以其地为郡县,置顺元路、金竹府、贵州以统之。 东连九溪十八峒,南至交趾,西至雲南,咸受节制。 二十九年,入朝,加都元帅,改河东陕西等处万户府达鲁花赤。 三十一年,佥书四川行枢密院事,诏开土番道。 土番叛,以兵围茂州,速哥率师败之。 元贞元年,行院罢,速哥家居数岁卒。 子寿不赤,袭河东陕西等处万户府达鲁花赤。
Suge was a Mongol. His father Huruhu'er had served as a soldier under King Muqali. He was later transferred to the armies of Tahai and Tiege. Skilled in horsemanship, articulate, and careful never to betray confidences, he was issued a silver tally and kept constantly with the armies. Whether carrying reports on state business to court or back, he never once missed a deadline. Emperor Taizong recognized his ability and gave him the name Donggeju. An edict ordered that whenever Donggeju brought reports, he was to present them the same day he arrived—morning arrivals in the morning, evening arrivals in the evening. He was once rewarded with a gold dragon robe and palace attendants. He died of illness during the reign of Emperor Xianzong. Suge likewise served in the army for his courage. In the jiayin year, Emperor Xianzong ordered him to accompany the commander-in-chief Tiege Huoluchi and others into Sichuan. In the yimao year, the ten-thousand-household commanders Liu Qige and Alulu Ali fought Song forces at Bazhou, were defeated, and became trapped behind enemy lines. Suge charged into the enemy ranks and rescued Liu Qige and his companions. For this exploit he received fifty taels of white gold, two horses, and a suit of purple silk ring-mail armor. He again followed the commander-in-chief Niuchin in defeating the Song general Liu Zheng and capturing Yunding Mountain city. When Niuchin was ordered to rendezvous at Fuzhou and reached the Mahu River, Suge built hide boats, crossed by night, and reached the emperor's camp at Dahuoshan. He explained that blocked roads had made him late; the emperor accepted the excuse and dismissed him. Soon afterward he was again reporting from Fuzhou when he met Song forces at Sancao Mountain. With barely a hundred men, he attacked fiercely, routed them, and carried off their arms, banners, and drums. In the jiwei year, when Song troops assaulted the pontoon bridge at Fuzhou, his subordinate Huonichi was surrounded in the fighting; Suge broke the siege and extracted him. While reporting to Prince Muge he again routed Song forces at Sancao Mountain. On the way back he met Liu Zheng at Shiyang and defeated him once more. When Emperor Shizu came to the throne, he was rewarded with white gold, bow and blade, and full horse trappings. In the second year of Zhongtong he received a silver tally and was assigned to Niuchin's command. In the second year of Zhiyuan the Sichuan regional secretariat sent Suge to take in surrendered subjects; he brought in more than three thousand people. In the third year he fought at Jiuding Mountain under Tiechi of the mobile secretariat. In the fourth year Yesudai'er of the regional secretariat made him commander-general of his army; he joined the campaign against Luzhou and took Luchuan. In the fifth year, when Dezhou was founded, Suge was appointed its darughachi and promoted to vice director in the left and right bureaus of the Shaanxi and Sichuan regional secretariat. He accompanied Yesudai'er to the capital, where he received especially generous rewards. In the seventh year he fought under Yesudai'er and defeated Song forces on the Mahu River. On the recommendation of the pacification commissioner Saidianchi, he was promoted to vice director of the mobile imperial secretariat. In the ninth year the Jiandu tribes rebelled, and the court ordered Prince Aoluchi and Yesudai'er to put them down. Suge led a thousand men as vanguard, took the Huowei stockade in Lizhou, stormed Lianyun Pass, and captured it. At Jiandu they fought on East Mountain and killed the tribal chief Buku. He joined Marshal Ba'ertu in linking up with the Yila army on the Bulusi River, and every town along their route surrendered. In the tenth year he campaigned against the Diaolou tribes, stormed Liancheng, and on the return march defeated Song forces at Qipan Mountain; he was then made commander of the ten thousand of the New Army. In the eleventh year he received a tiger tally and a formal appointment as army commander of the ten thousand, commanding six Chengdu wings including Gaowage plus the Jingzhao new army, which he trained for river combat. When Yesudai'er advanced to besiege Jiaading, Suge brought the fleet to Pingkang, built stockades such as Huaiyuan, and held the key positions. In the twelfth year he sent forces that defeated the Song general Zan Wanshou at Maping. When the armies of the mobile privy council vice commissioner Hudun and others arrived, they joined Yesudai'er at Hongya, and Suge was posted to defend Longba. Panic spread through the city, and the Song commanders Chen and the militia trainer Xianyu fled with the fleet. Suge pursued them, and countless men drowned. With the palace envoy Shendahan he then swept the lower river towns, and Ziyun, Lu, and Xu all submitted. As the siege of Chongqing began, Suge posted his troops at the Baishui and Mahu river mouths. In the thirteenth year the emperor sent Tuoshu and Jiaohuade with an edict demanding surrender. When the defenders refused, the army split into five columns and attacked by land and water at once. The other columns fared poorly, but Suge alone captured three hundred warships and took one hundred thirty prisoners. When Fuzhou's commander sent word offering surrender, Suge took a thousand men to test whether the offer was sincere. At Fuzhou the garrison did surrender, and he entered the city. When Chongqing's defender Zhang Wan attacked, Suge fought eighteen engagements in a single day and night, killed more than three hundred men, and drove Wan off in defeat. Soon afterward Wan returned with three thousand men and was defeated again. In the fourteenth year the regional secretariat appointed him garrison commander of the ten thousand and darughachi of Jiading prefecture. When Luzhou rebelled again, he joined the main army that put the revolt down. After the long siege of Chongqing, the defender Zhao An opened the gates and surrendered. The pacification commissioner Zhang Jue fled, but Suge pursued, defeated him, and took more than a hundred prisoners and twenty-odd boats. For these services he was made commander of the ten thousand of the Chengdu naval army, and soon afterward became darughachi over the pacification and punitive commissions of Chongqing, Kuizhou, and neighboring circuits. In the sixteenth year he was made pacification commissioner of southern Sichuan while keeping command of the Chengdu naval army, with authority over Chongqing, Kui, Shi, Qian, Zhong, Wan, Yun, Fu, Lu, and the other prefectures in his charge. In the nineteenth year the Yixibuxie tribes rebelled. The court created the Shunyuan pacification commission and appointed Suge its commissioner to govern the tribal territories. In the twenty-fourth year he was transferred to be darughachi of the Hedong and Shaanxi ten-thousand-households office, but Bozhou's pacification commissioner Saiyinbuhua and others went to court to ask that he be kept in place. He brought more than a hundred stockades of the Eight Circuits, including Jinzhu, to submission, registering thirty-four thousand households, and organized the region into commanderies and counties under Shunyuan Circuit, Jinzhu Prefecture, and Guizhou. His authority extended east to the Nine Streams and Eighteen Caves, south to Jiaozhi, and west to Yunnan. In the twenty-ninth year he came to court, was promoted to commander-in-chief, and was reassigned as darughachi of the Hedong and Shaanxi ten-thousand-households office. In the thirty-first year he became concurrent secretary of the Sichuan mobile privy council, with orders to open the Tibetan frontier road. When the Tibetan tribes rebelled and besieged Maozhou, Suge led troops and defeated them. In the first year of Yuanzhen the mobile secretariat was abolished; Suge retired home and died there several years later. His son Shoubuchi inherited his post as darughachi of the Hedong and Shaanxi ten-thousand-households office.
2
囊加歹
Nangjiadai
3
囊加歹,乃蛮人。 曾祖不兰伯,仕其国,位群臣之右。 祖合折兒,管帐前军,兼统国政,仕至太师。 太祖平乃蛮,父麻察来归。 太宗命与察剌同总管蒙古、汉军,由是从世祖伐宋,破阿里不哥于失门秃,从诸王哈必赤及阔阔歹平李璮,皆有功,赏赉甚厚,赐金符。 后以子贵,赠太傅,追封梁国公,谥桓武。 囊加歹幼从麻察习战阵,有谋略,佩金符,为都元帅府经历。 从阿术围襄阳,襄阳降,以功授汉军千户。 从丞相伯颜攻复州,与宋人战,败宋兵于风波湖。 渡江后,伯颜南攻鄂州,阿术北攻汉阳,分战舰五十,囊加歹与张弘范等焚其蒙冲三千艘,两城大恐,皆出降。 伯颜军次安庆。 贾似道督师江上,遣宋京来请和。 军至池州,遣囊加歹偕宋京报似道。 似道复遣阮思聪偕囊加歹至军中,仍请议和。 时暑雨方涨,世祖虑士卒不习水土,遣使令缓师。 伯颜、阿术与诸将议,乘势径前,遂进军至丁家洲,似道师溃,大军次建康。 帝闻囊加歹亲与贾似道语,召赴阙,具陈其说,遣还谕旨于伯颜,以北边未靖,勿轻入敌境,而大军已入平江矣。 宋使柳岳、夏士林、吕师孟、刘岊等踵至,皆命囊加歹同往报之。 师逼临安,复遣囊加歹入取降表、玉玺,征宋将相文武百官出迎王师。 宋主乃遣贾余庆等同囊加歹以降表、玉玺至皋亭山,伯颜遣囊加歹驰献世祖。 还传密旨,迁宋君臣北上。 赐金符,授怀远大将军、安抚司达鲁花赤。 与阿剌罕、董文炳等取台、温、福州,寻领蒙古军副都万户、江东道宣慰使,佩金虎符如故。 擢江东道按察使,复为本道宣慰使,领万户如故。 召为都元帅,管领通事军马,东征日本,未至而还。 诏以元管出役军与孛罗迷兒见管军合为一翼,充万户,守建康。 改赐三珠虎符,拜雲南行省参知政事,讨金齿、缅国,得疾,召还京师。 授南京等路宣慰使,改河南道宣慰使,特旨命袭父职为蒙古军都万户。 武宗在潜邸,囊加歹尝从北征,与海都战于帖坚古。 明日又战,海都围之山上,囊加歹力战决围而出,与大军会。 武宗还师,囊加歹殿,海都遮道不得过,囊加歹选勇敢千人直前冲之,海都披靡,国兵乃由旭哥耳温、称海与晋王军合。 是役也,囊加歹战为多,以疾而归。 成宗崩,昭献元圣太后与仁宗在怀州,太后召囊加歹、不怜吉歹、脱因不花、八思台等谕之曰:「今宫车晏驾,皇后欲立安西王阿难答,尔等当毋忘世祖、裕宗在天之灵,尽力奉二皇子。」 囊加歹顿首曰:「臣等虽碎身,不能仰报两朝之恩,愿效死力。」 既至京师,仁宗遣囊加歹与八思台诣诸王秃剌议事宜。 时内外汹汹,犹豫莫敢言,囊加歹独赞秃剌,定计先发。 归白仁宗,意犹迟疑,固问可否,对曰:「事贵速成,后将受制于人矣。」 太后与仁宗意乃决。 内难既平,仁宗监国,命同知枢密院事。 武宗即位,真拜同知枢密事,阶资德大夫,赐以七宝束带、鞍辔、衣甲、弓矢、黄金五十两,以旌其定策之功。 寻授蕲县万户府达鲁花赤,仍同知枢密院事。 仁宗尝语近臣曰:「今春之事,吾与太后疑不能主,赖囊加歹一语而定。 吾闻周文王有姜太公,囊加歹亦予家姜太公也。」 其见称许如此。 寻以老病乞骸骨,不允。 仁宗即位,以其家河南,特授河南江北行省平章政事,佩金虎符,终其身。 封浚都王。 子教化,山东河北蒙古军副都万户; 执礼和台,河南江北行省平章政事。 孙脱坚,山东河北军大都督,世袭有位。
Nangjiadai was a Naiman. His great-grandfather Bulanbo had served their kingdom and ranked foremost among its ministers. His grandfather Hezhe'er commanded the royal guard, also directed state affairs, and rose to grand preceptor. After Taizu conquered the Naiman, his father Macha submitted to the Mongols. Emperor Taizong appointed him and Chala to command the Mongol and Han armies together. He then followed Emperor Shizu against the Song, defeated Ariq Böke at Shimentu, and helped Princes Habichi and Kuokuodai put down Li Tan's revolt, earning rich rewards and a gold tally. Later, when his son rose to prominence, he was posthumously made grand tutor, enfeoffed as Duke of Liang, and given the posthumous title Huanwu. As a youth Nangjiadai trained in warfare under Macha, showed strategic talent, wore a gold tally, and served as administrator at the commander-in-chief's headquarters. He served under Aju in the siege of Xiangyang, and when the city fell he was made commander of a thousand in the Han army. He followed Chancellor Bayan in the attack on Fuzhou and defeated Song forces at Fengbo Lake. After the crossing, Bayan struck south at Ezhou while Aju struck north at Hanyang. With fifty warships Nangjiadai and Zhang Hongfan burned three thousand Song assault vessels, and both cities surrendered in terror. Bayan's army halted at Anqing. Jia Sidao commanded the Song forces on the river and sent Song Jing to sue for peace. At Chizhou he sent Nangjiadai back with Song Jing to report to Jia Sidao. Jia Sidao sent Ruan Sicong with Nangjiadai to the Yuan camp again to negotiate peace. Summer floods were rising, and Emperor Shizu, fearing his men were unaccustomed to the southern climate, sent orders to slow the advance. Bayan, Aju, and the other commanders decided to press on regardless, advanced to Dingjiazhou, routed Jia Sidao's army, and moved the main force to Jiankang. Learning that Nangjiadai had spoken with Jia Sidao in person, the emperor summoned him to court for a full report and sent him back with orders for Bayan not to advance recklessly while the northern frontier remained unsettled—but by then the main army was already in Pingjiang. Song envoys Liu Yue, Xia Shilin, Lü Shimeng, Liu Jie, and others followed in succession, and each time Nangjiadai was sent to deliver the reply. When the army closed on Lin'an, Nangjiadai was sent in again to obtain the surrender memorial and imperial seal and to demand that Song's officials come out to welcome the Yuan forces. The Song emperor then sent Jia Yuqing and others with Nangjiadai to Gaoting Mountain with the surrender memorial and seal, and Bayan sent Nangjiadai at once to present them to Emperor Shizu. On his return he carried secret orders to escort the Song court north. He received a gold tally and was appointed general of expansive vision and darughachi of the pacification commission. With Alahan, Dong Wenbing, and others he took Tai, Wen, and Fuzhou, then became deputy commander-in-chief of the Mongol army and pacification commissioner of Jiangdong, still bearing his gold tiger tally. He was promoted to surveillance commissioner of Jiangdong, then restored as its pacification commissioner while retaining command of the ten thousand. He was summoned as commander-in-chief to lead the Tongshi forces on the eastern campaign against Japan, but turned back before reaching the islands. An edict merged his former corvée troops with those under Boluomi'er into a single wing; as commander of the ten thousand he garrisoned Jiankang. He was given a three-pearl tiger tally and appointed associate pacification commissioner of Yunnan to campaign against Jingchi and Burma, but fell ill and was recalled to the capital. He served as pacification commissioner of Nanjing and other circuits, then of Henan, and by special edict inherited his father's post as commander-in-chief of the Mongol army. While still heir apparent, Emperor Wuzong took Nangjiadai on the northern campaign, where he fought Qaidu at Tiejiangu. They fought again the next day, and when Qaidu surrounded them on the mountain Nangjiadai fought his way out and rejoined the main force. On the withdrawal Nangjiadai commanded the rearguard. When Qaidu blocked the road, he chose a thousand brave men for a frontal charge, routed Qaidu, and opened the way for the imperial troops to join the Prince of Jin's army through Xuge'erwen and Chenghai. In this campaign he saw the heaviest fighting, then returned home because of illness. When Emperor Chengzong died, the Zhaoxian Yuansheng Empress Dowager and Emperor Renzong were at Huaizhou. The empress dowager summoned Nangjiadai, Bulinjidai, Tuoyinbuhua, Basitai, and others and said, "The emperor is dead, and the empress wishes to put Prince Anxi Ananda on the throne. Do not forget Emperor Shizu and Emperor Yuzong in Heaven—do all you can for the two princes." Nangjiadai kowtowed and replied, "Even if we were torn limb from limb we could not repay the grace of two reigns—but we will give our lives in your service." When they reached the capital, Emperor Renzong sent Nangjiadai and Basitai to Prince Tula to plan the succession. The court and country were in turmoil, and no one dared speak plainly, but Nangjiadai alone backed Prince Tula and urged a preemptive move. He reported back to Emperor Renzong, who still hesitated. When the emperor pressed him again, he answered, "Speed is everything—wait too long and others will control you." At that the empress dowager and Emperor Renzong made up their minds. After the succession crisis was settled, Renzong as regent appointed him associate manager of the privy council. When Emperor Wuzong came to the throne, he was formally made associate manager of the privy council with the rank of virtuous grand master and rewarded with a seven-jewel girdle, horse trappings, armor, bow and arrows, and fifty taels of gold in recognition of his role in securing the succession. Shortly afterward he was made darughachi of the Qixian ten-thousand-households office while keeping his post as associate manager of the privy council. Emperor Renzong once told his close advisers, "In the crisis this spring, the empress dowager and I doubted we could hold our own—it was Nangjiadai's single word that settled everything. I have heard that King Wen of Zhou had his Jiang Taigong—Nangjiadai is our Jiang Taigong." Such was the esteem in which he was held. Before long he asked to retire on grounds of age and illness, but the request was refused. When Emperor Renzong came to the throne, because his family was established in Henan he was specially made grand councilor of the Henan and Jiangbei branch secretariat, given a gold tiger tally, and kept the office for life. He was enfeoffed as Prince of Jundu. His son Jiaohua served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Shandong and Hebei Mongol army; Zhili and Hetai were grand councilors of the Henan and Jiangbei branch secretariat. His grandson Tuojian was commander-in-chief of the Shandong and Hebei army, holding a hereditary post.
4
忙兀台
Mangwutai
5
忙兀台,蒙古达达兒氏。 祖塔思火兒赤,从太宗定中原有功,为东平路达鲁花赤,位在严实上。 忙兀台事世祖,为博州路奥鲁总管。 至元七年,又为监战万户,佩金虎符。 八年,改邓州新军蒙古万户,治水军于万山南岸。 九月,以兵攻樊,拔古城,继败宋军于安阳滩。 转战八十里,禽其将郑高。 十月,大军攻樊,分军为五道,忙兀台当其一。 率五翼军以进,焚南岸舟,竖云梯于北岸,登柜子城,夺西南角入城,命部将据仓粟。 功在诸将右,赏金百两。 襄阳降,同宋安抚吕文焕入觐,赐银五十两及翎根甲等物。 十一年,从丞相伯颜、平章阿术南征,命与万户史格率麾下会盐山岭。 遇宋兵,忙兀台突阵杀一人,诸军继进,与战,败之。 自郢州黄家原荡舟入湖,至沙洋堡,立砲座十有二,竖云梯先登,焚其楼橹,拔羊角坝,破沙洋堡,擒宋将四人。 直抵新城,鏖战自晨至晡,大败之,宋复州守将翟贵以城降。 将由汉口入江,至蔡店,闻宋兵屯汉口,乃率舟师经斗龙口至沙步入江。 遇宋兵三百餘艘分道来拒,进击走之。 次武矶堡,宋将夏贵坚守不下。 十月乙卯,平章阿术率万户晏彻兒、史格、贾文备同忙兀台四军雪夜溯流西上,黎明至青山矶北岸,万户史格先渡,宋将程鹏飞拒敌,格被三创,丧卒二百人。 诸将继进,大战中流,鹏飞被七创,败走。 舟泊中洲,宋兵阻水不得近,伯颜复遣万户张荣实等率舟来援。 夏贵率麾下数千将奔,大军乘之,大败,走黄州,遂拔武矶堡,斩守将王达。 阿术既渡南岸,翼日丞相伯颜视师,则大江南北皆北军旗帜,宋制置使硃礻异孙遁还江陵。 语在《阿术传》。 己未,伯颜次鄂州,遣忙兀台谕宋守臣张晏然以城降,程鹏飞以本军降,知汉阳军王仪、知德安府来兴国继降,乃留军镇鄂、汉,率诸将水陆东下。 十二年正月,忙兀台谕蕲、黄、安庆、池州诸郡,皆下之。 次丁家洲,宋贾似道、孙虎臣来拒,忙兀台击之,夺虎臣所乘巨舟,与宋降将范文虎以兵五百谕降和州及无为、镇巢二军。 九月,攻常州,拔其木城。 宋降将赵潜叛于溧阳,伯颜命忙兀台击之,战于丰登庄,斩首五百餘级,擒其将三人,复招降湖州守将二人。 十二月,行省第其功,承制授行两浙大都督府事。 十四年,改闽广大都督,行都元帅府事。 时宋二王逃遁入海,忙兀台奉旨率诸军,与江西右丞塔出会兵收之,次漳州,谕降宋守将何清。 十五年,师还福州,拜参知政事,诏与唆都等行省于福,镇抚濒海八郡。 十月,召赴阙,升左丞。 十六年七月,沙县盗起,诏忙兀台复行省事,讨平之。 初,忙兀台北还,左丞唆都行省福建。 一日,帝命召唆都,李庭言:「若召唆都,则行省无人,宜令建康阿剌罕往。」 帝曰:「何必阿剌罕,其命忙兀台即往,候唆都还,则令移潭州可也。」 未几,中书言:「唆都在福建,麾下扰民,致南剑等路往往杀长吏叛。 及忙兀台至,招来七十二寨,建宁、漳、汀稍获安集,若移之他处,而唆都复往,恐重劳民。」 有旨,忙兀台仍镇闽。 十八年,转右丞。 时宣慰使王刚中以土人饶赀,颇擅作威福,忙兀台虑其有变,奏移之他道。 二十一年,拜江淮行省平章政事。 初,宋降将五虎陈义尝助张弘范擒文天祥,助完者都讨陈大举,又资阿塔海征日本战舰三千艘。 福建省臣言其有反侧意,请除之。 帝使忙兀台察之。 至是忙兀台携义入朝,保其无事,且乞宠以官爵,丞相伯颜亦以为言。 乃授义同知广东道宣慰司事,授明珠虎符,其从林雄等十人并上百户。 二十二年,脱忽思、乐实传旨中书省,令悉代江浙省臣。 中书复奏,帝曰:「朕安得此言,传者妄也。 如忙兀台之通晓政事,亦可代耶?」 俄以言者召赴阙,封其家赀,遣使按验无状。 未几,拜银青荣禄大夫、行省左丞相,还镇江浙。 时浙西大饥,乃弛河泊禁,发府库官货,低其直,贸粟以赈之。 浙东盗起,蠲田租,以纾民力。 二十三年,奏:「以贩鬻私盐者皆海岛民,今征日本,可募为水工。」 从之,赐钞五千贯。 役既罢,请以战舰付海漕。 又言:「省治在杭州,其两淮、江东财赋军实,既南输至杭,复自杭北输京城,往返劳顿不便,请移省治于扬州。」 复言:「淮东近地,宜置屯田,岁入粮以给军,所餘饷京师。」 帝悉从其言。 二十五年,诏江淮管内,并听忙兀台节制。 二十六年,朝廷以中原民转徙江南,令有司遣还,忙兀台言其不可,遂止。 闽、越盗起,诏与不鲁迷失海牙等合兵讨之,御史大夫玉速帖木兒奏宜选将,帝曰:「忙兀台已往,无虑也。」 未几,悉平之。 屡以病,上疏乞骸骨,乃召还。 二十七年,以江西平章奥鲁赤不称职,特命为丞相,兼枢密院事,出镇江西。 谨约束,锄强暴,尊卑殊服,军民安业,威德并著,在官四十日卒。 忙兀台之在江浙,专愎自用,又易置戍兵,平章不怜吉台言其变更伯颜、阿术成法,帝每戒敕之。 既死,台臣劾郎中张斯立罪状,而忙兀台迫死刘宣及其屯田无成事,始闻于帝云。 子三人:帖木兒不花; 孛兰奚,袭万户; 亦剌出,中书参知政事。
Mangwutai was a Mongol of the Dadar clan. His grandfather Tasihuo'erchi followed Emperor Taizong in the conquest of the Central Plains, served as darughachi of Dongping circuit, and outranked Shi Yan. Mangwutai served Emperor Shizu as administrator-general of the auxiliary corps of Bozhou circuit. In the seventh year of Zhiyuan he was again made battle-supervising ten-thousand-household commander and given a gold tiger tally. In the eighth year he was reassigned as Mongol ten-thousand-household commander of the new army at Dengzhou and drilled naval forces on the south bank of Mount Wan. In the ninth month he attacked Fan, took the old city, and then routed Song forces at Anyang Shoals. After eighty li of fighting he captured the Song general Zheng Gao. In the tenth month the main army assaulted Fan in five columns, and Mangwutai led one of them. He advanced with five wing armies, burned the boats on the south bank, raised cloud ladders on the north bank, scaled the Guizi fort, broke in through the southwest corner, and ordered his subordinates to seize the granaries. His achievement ranked first among the generals, and he was rewarded with a hundred taels of gold. When Xiangyang surrendered he entered court with the Song pacification commissioner Lü Wenhuan and was granted fifty taels of silver, feathered armor, and other gifts. In the eleventh year he joined Chancellor Bayan and Grand Councilor Aju on the southern campaign and was ordered to bring his troops with the ten-thousand-household commander Shi Ge to Yanshan Ridge. When they met Song troops, Mangwutai charged the line and killed a man; the other units followed, joined battle, and routed the enemy. From Huangjiayuan in Yingzhou he sailed into the lake to Shayang Fort, emplaced twelve artillery platforms, was first up the cloud ladders, burned the towers, took Yangjiao Dam, stormed Shayang Fort, and captured four Song generals. They pressed on to Xincheng and fought from dawn until late afternoon, inflicting a crushing defeat; Zhai Gui, the Song defender of Fu prefecture, surrendered the city. The army was preparing to enter the Yangzi from Hankou, but at Caidian they learned that Song forces were encamped there, so Mangwutai led the fleet through Doulong Pass and entered the river at Shabu. More than three hundred Song vessels came against them by separate routes; he attacked and drove them off. At Wuji Fort the Song general Xia Gui held out and could not be dislodged. On the yimao day of the tenth month, Grand Councilor Aju led the armies of Yanchi'er, Shi Ge, Jia Wenbei, and Mangwutai upstream through a snowstorm by night; at dawn they reached the north bank of Qingshanji. Shi Ge crossed first; the Song general Cheng Pengfei resisted, wounding Shi Ge three times and costing him two hundred men. The other generals followed, and a great battle was fought midstream; Pengfei took seven wounds and fled in defeat. The fleet anchored at Middle Shoal, where Song troops could not close because of the water; Bayan sent the ten-thousand-household commander Zhang Rongshi and others with reinforcements by boat. Xia Gui fled with several thousand men; the main army pursued, routed him, and drove him to Huangzhou, then took Wuji Fort and executed the defender Wang Da. After Aju crossed to the south bank, Chancellor Bayan reviewed the army the next day and found Northern banners on both sides of the Yangzi; the Song regional commissioner Zhu Yisun fled back to Jiangling. The fuller account appears in the biography of Aju. On the jiwei day Bayan halted at Ezhou and sent Mangwutai to summon the Song defender Zhang Yanran to surrender; Cheng Pengfei surrendered with his army, followed by Wang Yi of Hanyang and Lai Xingguo of De'an. Bayan then left garrisons at Ezhou and Hanyang and led his generals east by land and water. In the first month of the twelfth year Mangwutai summoned Qi, Huang, Anqing, and Chizhou to surrender, and all of them submitted. At Dingjiazhou Jia Sidao and Sun Huchen came out to resist; Mangwutai attacked them and captured the great ship Sun Huchen was aboard, then with the Song defector Fan Wenhua sent five hundred men to secure the surrender of Hezhou and the Wuwei and Zhenchao garrisons. In the ninth month he attacked Changzhou and took its outer wooden wall. The Song defector Zhao Qian rebelled at Liyang; Bayan ordered Mangwutai to suppress him. At Fengdengzhuang they killed more than five hundred men, captured three of his generals, and won over two defenders of Huzhou. In the twelfth month the branch secretariat assessed his merit and, by imperial commission, appointed him to administer the grand commander's office of the Two Zhe circuits. In the fourteenth year he was made grand commander of Min and Guang and put in charge of the regional marshal's headquarters. At that time the two Song princes had fled to sea; by imperial order Mangwutai led the armies and joined the Jiangxi vice-councilor Tacha to pursue them. At Zhangzhou he persuaded the Song defender He Qing to surrender. In the fifteenth year the army returned to Fuzhou; he was made vice grand councilor and ordered, together with Suodu and others, to administer the Fujian branch secretariat and pacify the eight coastal prefectures. In the tenth month he was summoned to court and promoted to left vice councilor. In the seventh month of the sixteenth year bandits rose in Shaxian County; an edict ordered Mangwutai back to branch secretariat duties, and he suppressed them. Earlier, when Mangwutai returned north, the left vice councilor Suodu remained to administer the Fujian branch secretariat. One day the emperor ordered Suodu summoned to court. Li Ting said, "If Suodu is called away, the branch secretariat will be left without anyone in charge—Aruhan of Jiankang should be sent instead." The emperor replied, "Why must it be Aruhan? Order Mangwutai to go at once; when Suodu returns, transfer him to Tanzhou." Before long the central secretariat reported, "Suodu is in Fujian, and his subordinates harass the people, so that Nanjian and other circuits have repeatedly killed their chief officials and rebelled. Once Mangwutai arrived, he brought in seventy-two stockade settlements, and Jianning, Zhangzhou, and Tingzhou gradually regained order. If he were transferred elsewhere and Suodu sent back, they feared the people would suffer renewed hardship." An imperial rescript directed that Mangwutai remain in command of Fujian. In the eighteenth year he was made Right Censor-in-Chief. At the time the Pacification Commissioner Wang Gangzhong, a local man of great wealth, had grown rather high-handed in his exercise of power. Mangwutai feared he might stir up trouble and memorialized to have him transferred to another circuit. In the twenty-first year he was appointed Pingzhang of the Jianghuai Branch Secretariat. Earlier, the Song defector Chen Yi of the Five Tigers had helped Zhang Hongfan capture Wen Tianxiang, assisted Wanzhedou in putting down Chen Daju, and furnished Atahai with three thousand warships for the Japan expedition. Fujian provincial officials reported that he showed signs of disloyalty and asked that he be removed. The emperor ordered Mangwutai to look into the accusation. At this point Mangwutai brought Chen Yi to court, vouched for his loyalty, and asked that he be rewarded with office and rank; Chancellor Bayan spoke in his favor as well. Chen Yi was then appointed Associate Administrator of the Guangdong Circuit Pacification Commission and granted a Mingzhu tiger tally; his followers Lin Xiong and nine others were all made company commanders as well. In the twenty-second year Tuohusi and Leshi conveyed an imperial order to the Central Secretariat instructing that all Jiang-Zhe provincial officials be replaced. The Central Secretariat reported back, and the emperor said, "How could I have said such a thing? The messengers are mistaken. Could even someone as capable in government as Mangwutai be replaced?" Soon afterward, accusers brought charges and he was summoned to court; his household goods were sealed up and investigators dispatched, but no wrongdoing was found. Before long he was appointed Silver-Green Grand Counselor of Splendid Happiness and Left Chancellor of the Branch Secretariat, and sent back to govern Jiang-Zhe. Western Zhejiang was then in the grip of severe famine. He lifted restrictions on river and lake fishing, released government goods from the prefectural treasury at reduced prices, and used the proceeds to buy grain for relief. When banditry broke out in eastern Zhejiang, he remitted land taxes to ease the strain on the people. In the twenty-third year he memorialized, "Those who smuggle salt are mostly islanders; with the campaign against Japan underway, they could be recruited as naval laborers." The proposal was approved, and he was granted five thousand strings of paper currency. When the campaign ended, he asked that the warships be turned over to the maritime grain transport service. He also argued, "With the branch secretariat at Hangzhou, revenue and military stores from Huai-nan and Jiangdong must first be shipped south to Hangzhou and then north again to the capital — an exhausting round trip. I ask that the seat of government be moved to Yangzhou." He further proposed that garrison farms be established in the nearby lands of eastern Huai, with the annual harvest supplying the army and the surplus sent to the capital." The emperor approved all of his recommendations. In the twenty-fifth year an edict placed all officials within the Jianghuai circuit under Mangwutai's command. In the twenty-sixth year the court, noting that people from the Central Plains had migrated to Jiangnan, ordered the authorities to send them back. Mangwutai argued that this was impracticable, and the order was dropped. When bandits rose in Fujian and Zhejiang, an edict ordered a joint campaign with Buluosihaiya and others to suppress them. Censor-in-Chief Yusutiemuer memorialized that a commander should be chosen, but the emperor said, "Mangwutai has already gone — there is nothing to worry about." Before long the disturbances were fully suppressed. He repeatedly pleaded illness and submitted memorials asking to retire, whereupon he was recalled to court. In the twenty-seventh year, because Aoluchi as Jiangxi Pingzhang was not performing adequately, Mangwutai was specially appointed Chancellor with concurrent authority over the Military Affairs Commission and sent to govern Jiangxi. He enforced strict discipline, uprooted the violent and lawless, and distinguished rank by dress until soldiers and civilians alike lived in peace; his authority and virtue were both evident. He died after only forty days in office. While serving in Jiang-Zhe, Mangwutai was obstinate and self-willed and repeatedly reshuffled the garrison troops. Pingzhang Bulinjietai charged that he had overturned the established policies of Bayan and Aju, and the emperor admonished him again and again. After his death, censorial officials impeached Director Zhang Sili, and only then did the emperor learn that Mangwutai had hounded Liu Xuan to his death and that his garrison-farming schemes had come to nothing. He had three sons: Tiemu'erbuhua; Belanxi, who inherited the wanhu command; and Yilichu, Associate Administrator of the Central Secretariat.
6
奥鲁赤
Aoluchi
7
奥鲁赤,札剌台人。 曾祖豁火察,骁果善骑射,太祖出征,每提精兵为前驱。 祖朔鲁罕,有胆力,尝被谗不许入见,一日俟驾出,趋前曰:「臣无罪。 若果有罪,速杀臣,臣将从先帝于地下; 不然赦臣,愿得自效。」 帝笑而复用之。 辛未,与金人战于野孤岭,中流矢,战愈力,克之。 既还,拔矢,血出昏眩。 帝亲抚视,傅以药,竟不起。 帝悲悼曰:「朔鲁罕朕之一臂,今亡矣!」 赐其家马四百匹,锦绮万段。 父忒木台,从太宗征杭里部,俘部长以献。 复从征西夏有功,特命行省事,领兀鲁、忙兀、亦怯烈、弘吉剌、札剌兒五部军。 平河南,以功赐户二千。 尝驻兵太原、平阳、河南,土人德之,皆为立祠。 奥鲁赤性朴鲁,智勇过人。 早事宪宗,带御器械,特见亲任。 戊午,扈驾征蜀,攻钓鱼山。 至元五年,攻襄阳,授金符、蒙古军万户。 明年,赐虎符,袭父职,领蒙古军四万户。 十一年春,诏丞相伯颜大举伐宋,以所部从,渡江围鄂。 宋兵固守,奥鲁赤白丞相,可遣使谕降,乃遣许千户同所获宋将持金符抵其城东南门,悬金符以招之。 其夜,守门将崔立启门出,遂引立见丞相。 复遣入城,谕守臣张晏然。 明日,晏然以城降。 迁奥鲁赤昭毅大将军,诸郡望风而靡。 分兵出独松关,宋兵坚守,奥鲁赤令将校益树旗帜于山上,率精骑突之,守兵惊溃,弃关走,追逐百餘里,斩馘不可胜计。 十三年,宋主降,分讨未下州郡,诏加镇国上将军、行中书省参知政事。 未几,以参知政事行湖北道宣慰使,兼领蒙古军。 时州郡初附,戍以重兵,民惊惧,往往逃匿山泽间。 奥鲁赤止侵暴,恤单弱,号令严明,民悉复业。 会诏所在括逃俘,有司拘男女千餘人。 时军士已还部,所括者无所归,众议悉以隶官。 奥鲁赤曰:「斯民不幸被兵,幸而骨肉完聚,复羁之,是重被兵也,不若籍之为民。」 众从之。 俄征诣阙,赐赉优渥。 及还,帝曰:「武昌襟带江湖,实要害地。 朕尝用师于彼,故遣卿往治,为朕耳目。」 升骠骑卫上将军、中书左丞,行宣慰使。 十八年,诏移行省于鄂、宣慰司于潭。 时湖南剧贼周龙、张虎聚党行劫,随宜招捕,枭二贼首,余悉纵遣。 复召入见,拜行省右丞,改荆湖等处行枢密院副使。 二十三年春,拜湖广等处行中书省平章政事。 夏四月,赴召上都,命佐镇南王征交趾,帝慰谕之曰:「昔木华黎等戮力王室,荣名迄今不朽,卿能勉之,岂不并美于前人乎!」 仍命其子脱桓不花袭万户。 至交趾,启王分军为三,因险制变,蛮不能支,窜匿海岛。 余寇扼师归路,奥鲁赤转战以出。 改江西行省平章政事。 二十六年,以疾求退,不允。 俄授同知湖广等处行枢密院事。 成宗即位,进光禄大夫、上柱国、江西等处行中书省平章政事。 大德元年春三月卒,年六十六。 赠金紫光禄大夫、大司徒、上柱国,追封郑国公,谥忠宣。 子拜住,明威将军、蒙古侍卫亲军副都指挥使; 脱桓不花,骠骑卫上将军、行中书省左丞、蒙古军都万户。
Aoluchi was a man of the Jala'ir tribe. His great-grandfather Huohuocha was a bold and skilled horseman and archer; whenever Taizu took the field, he led elite troops as vanguard. His grandfather Shuoluhan was a man of courage and force. Once slandered, he was barred from audience; one day, as he waited for the imperial procession to pass, he rushed forward and cried, "Your subject is innocent. If I am truly guilty, kill me at once and I shall join the Former Emperor in the grave; otherwise pardon me, and I will prove my worth in your service." The emperor laughed and restored him to service. In the xinwei year he fought the Jin at Yegu Ridge. Though struck by an arrow in battle, he fought all the harder and carried the position. After returning to camp he pulled out the arrow; blood gushed forth and he lost consciousness. The emperor attended him in person and applied medicine, but he could not be saved. The emperor grieved and said, "Shuoluhan was one of my arms — and now he is gone!" He granted his family four hundred horses and ten thousand bolts of brocade silk. His father Temutai followed Emperor Taizong in the campaign against the Hangli tribe and captured the tribal chief to present as tribute. He again took part in the Western Xia campaign with distinction and was specially appointed to provisional secretariat affairs, commanding the armies of the Uru, Mangwu, Yiqielie, Hongjila, and Jala'ir tribes. When Henan was pacified, he was granted two thousand taxable households for his service. He had once garrisoned troops at Taiyuan, Pingyang, and Henan; the local people held him in gratitude, and each community erected a shrine in his honor. Aoluchi was plain-spoken and unpretentious by nature, yet his wisdom and courage surpassed ordinary men. He entered service early under Emperor Xianzong, carried the imperial arms, and was singled out for special trust and favor. In the wuwu year he accompanied the imperial campaign into Shu and assaulted Diaoyu Mountain. In the fifth year of Zhiyuan he fought at Xiangyang and was granted a gold tally as ten-thousand-household commander of the Mongol army. The following year he received a tiger tally, succeeded to his father's post, and took command of forty thousand Mongol households. In the spring of the eleventh year, the court ordered Chancellor Bayan to mount a major invasion of Song; Aoluchi marched with his troops, crossed the Yangzi, and besieged Ezhou. When Song troops held fast, Aoluchi advised the chancellor that surrender could be negotiated by envoy; he sent Commander Xu with a captured Song general, bearing a gold tally, to the southeast gate and displayed the tally as a summons to surrender. That night the gate commander Cui Li opened the gate and came out; Aoluchi brought him before the chancellor. He then sent Cui Li back into the city to negotiate with the defending commander Zhang Yanran. The next day Zhang Yanran surrendered the city. Aoluchi was promoted to Grand General of Sagacious Resolve, and prefecture after prefecture submitted without a fight. Sending detachments through Dusong Pass, he found Song troops holding firm; Aoluchi ordered his officers to raise still more banners on the surrounding hills, then led elite cavalry in a sudden charge. The defenders broke in panic, abandoned the pass, and fled; the pursuit ran more than a hundred li, and the slain were beyond counting. In the thirteenth year, after the Song emperor surrendered, forces were dispatched to reduce the remaining prefectures; Aoluchi was promoted to Pacifying-the-Realm Senior General and acting vice director of the Central Secretariat. Shortly afterward he was appointed Hubei Circuit pacification commissioner with vice-director rank, concurrently commanding the Mongol army. The prefectures had only just submitted; heavy garrisons alarmed the people, who fled in fear to hide in mountains and marshes. Aoluchi put a stop to plunder, cared for the weak, and enforced his orders firmly; the people gradually returned to their livelihoods. An edict then went out to round up escaped captives everywhere; local officials seized more than a thousand men and women. By then the soldiers who had captured them had already returned to their units, leaving the captives with nowhere to go; the officials debated registering them all as government dependents. Aoluchi said, "These people have already suffered the misfortunes of war; fortune has reunited their families — to bind them again is to make them suffer war a second time. Better to register them as ordinary subjects." The others agreed. Soon he was summoned to court and received lavish rewards. On his return the emperor said, "Wuchang commands the rivers and lakes — it is a place of real strategic weight. I have campaigned there myself; I am sending you to govern it and serve as my eyes and ears." He was promoted to senior general of the Flying Cavalry Guard, left vice director of the Central Secretariat, and acting pacification commissioner. In the eighteenth year an edict transferred the regional secretariat to Ezhou and the pacification commission to Tanzhou. At the time the outlaw chiefs Zhou Long and Zhang Hu were raiding through Hunan with their bands; Aoluchi pursued them as circumstances allowed, executed the two leaders, and released the rest. Summoned to court again, he was appointed right vice director of the regional secretariat and transferred to vice commander of the Jinghu regional military affairs commission. In the spring of the twenty-third year he was appointed grand counselor of the Huguang regional secretariat. In the fourth month of summer he was summoned to Shangdu and ordered to assist the Prince of Zhennan in the campaign against Annam; the emperor encouraged him, saying, "Muqali and others once devoted themselves wholly to the throne, and their fame has never faded — if you apply yourself as they did, will you not stand alongside them in honor?" He also ordered Aoluchi's son Tuohuanbuhua to inherit the ten-thousand-household command. Reaching Annam, he advised the prince to divide the army into three columns; adapting tactics to the terrain, they drove the enemy beyond endurance, and the natives fled to hide on offshore islands. Remaining enemies blocked the army's withdrawal; Aoluchi fought his way through in a series of battles. He was transferred to grand counselor of the Jiangxi regional secretariat. In the twenty-sixth year he asked to retire on grounds of illness, but the request was denied. Soon afterward he was appointed associate director of the Huguang regional military affairs commission. When Emperor Chengzong ascended the throne, Aoluchi was promoted to grand master of splendid happiness, supreme pillar of the state, and grand counselor of the Jiangxi regional secretariat. He died in the third month of spring in the first year of Dade, at the age of sixty-six. He was posthumously granted the ranks of grand master of golden purple brightness, grand preceptor, and supreme pillar of the state; enfeoffed posthumously as Duke of Zheng with the temple name Loyal and Illustrious. His son Baizhu held the ranks of brightly-martial general and deputy commander-in-chief of the Mongol imperial guard; Tuohuanbuhua was senior general of the Flying Cavalry Guard, acting left vice director of the Central Secretariat, and chief ten-thousand-household commander of the Mongol army.
8
完者都
Wanzhedou
9
完者都,钦察人。 父哈剌火者,从宪宗征讨有功。 完者都广颡丰颔,髯长过腹,为人骁勇,而乐善好施,听读史书,闻忠良则喜,遇奸谀则怒。 岁丙辰,以材武从军。 己未,从攻鄂州,先登,赏银五十两。 中统三年,从诸王合必赤讨李璮于济南,凡两战,皆有功。 至元元年,合必赤因枢密臣以其武勇闻,帝特赏赐之。 四年十月,从万户木花里略地荆南,还至襄阳西安阳滩,遇宋军,败之。 既而从丞相阿术围襄樊,水陆大战者四,皆有功。 尝梯樊城,焚楼橹,勇敢出诸军右,幕府上其功。 十一年,授武略将军,为彰德南京新军千户。 九月,从丞相伯颜南征。 十一月,攻沙洋、新城。 始授金符,领丞相帐前合必赤军。 十二月,统舟师由沙芜口渡江。 十二年春,与宋将孙虎臣战于丁家洲,大捷,进武义将军。 攻泰州,战扬子桥,战焦山,破常州。 十三年春,入临安,下扬州,皆有功。 江南平,入见,帝顾谓侍臣曰:「真壮士也!」 因赐名拔都兒,授信武将军、管军总管、高邮军达鲁花赤,佩虎符。 既而军升为路,遂进怀远大将军、高邮路总管府达鲁花赤。 十六年,授昭勇大将军,迁管军万户。 漳州陈吊眼聚党数万,劫掠汀、漳诸路,七年未平。 十七年八月,枢密副使孛罗请命完者都往讨,从之,加镇国上将军、福建等处征蛮都元帅,率兵五千以往。 赐翎根甲,面慰遣之,且曰:「贼苟就擒,听汝施行。」 时黄华聚党三万人,扰建宁,号头陀军。 完者都先引兵鼓行压其境,军声大震,贼惊惧纳款。 完者都许以为副元帅,凡征蛮之事,一以问之。 且虑其奸诈莫测,因大猎以耀武。 适有一雕翔空,完者都仰射之,应弦而落,遂大猎,所获山积,华大悦服。 乃闻于朝,请与之俱讨贼,朝廷从之,制授华征蛮副元帅,与完者都同署。 华遂为前驱,至贼所,破其五寨。 十九年三月,追陈吊眼至千壁岭,擒之,斩首漳州市,余党悉平。 军还至扬州,奉旨赏赐有差。 至高邮,病。 七月,入觐,帝嘉之,赐钞及银、金绮、鞍勒、弓矢,复授管军万户、高邮路总管府达鲁花赤。 有虎为害,完者都挟弓矢出郊,射杀之。 二十二年八月,以疾召入朝。 帝屡遣中使存问,仍命良医视之。 疾平,帝大喜,赐医者钞万贯,拜完者都骠骑上将军、江浙行省左丞,兼管军万户。 初,浙西私盐,吏莫能禁,完者都躬诣松江上海,收盐徒五千,隶军籍。 九月,授中书左丞,行浙西道宣慰使。 二十五年,遥授尚书省左丞。 二十六年,升资德大夫、江西等处行枢密院副使,兼广东宣慰使。 疾复作,召还。 成宗即位,入见,赐玉带,授荣禄大夫、江浙行省平章政事。 大德二年十一月卒,年五十九。 赠效忠宣力定远功臣、开府仪同三司、太尉、上柱国,追封林国公,谥武宣。 子十四人,皆仕,而帖木秃古思、别里怯都尤显。 孙二十四人,仕者亦多云。
Wanzhedou was a Kipchak. His father Halahuozhe followed Emperor Xianzong on campaign and served with distinction. Wanzhedou had a broad forehead, full cheeks, and a beard that hung past his belly. Fierce and brave by nature, he loved charity and was generous in giving; he listened to and read history, rejoicing at tales of loyalty and worth, and growing angry at treachery and flattery. In the bingchen year he entered military service for his talent and martial skill. In the jiwei year he took part in the assault on Ezhou, was first over the wall, and was rewarded with fifty taels of silver. In the third year of Zhongtong he followed Prince Hebichi against Li Tan at Jinan and distinguished himself in both engagements. In the first year of Zhiyuan, Prince Hebichi reported his martial prowess to the court through the military affairs bureau, and the emperor granted him a special reward. In the tenth month of the fourth year he followed ten-thousand-household commander Muhuali in a raid through southern Jing; on the return march, at Anyang Shoals west of Xiangyang, he met Song forces and routed them. He then joined Chancellor Aju in the siege of Xiangyang and Fancheng, fighting four major battles by land and water, and distinguished himself in each. At one point he scaled Fancheng by ladder, set its tower fortifications ablaze, and fought with such courage that he stood above the rest of the army; headquarters commended his merit. In the eleventh year he was made General of Martial Strategy and commander of the thousand of the Zhangde southern capital new army. In the ninth month he marched south with Chancellor Bayan. In the eleventh month he attacked Shayang and Xincheng. He was issued a gold tally for the first time and given command of the Hebichi troops attached to the chancellor's headquarters. In the twelfth month he led the fleet across the Yangzi at Shawukou. In the spring of the twelfth year he routed the Song general Sun Huchen at Dingjiazhou and was promoted to General of Martial Righteousness. He took Taizhou, fought at Yangzi Bridge and Jiaoshan, and captured Changzhou. In the spring of the thirteenth year he entered Lin'an and took Yangzhou, earning merit in both actions. After the pacification of Jiangnan he was received at court. The emperor turned to his attendants and said, "Now there is a real warrior! Accordingly he was given the name Badu'er and appointed General of Trustworthy Martiality, commander-general of armies, and darughachi of Gaoyou Prefecture, with a tiger tally. When the prefecture was elevated to a circuit, he was promoted to Grand General of Cherishing the Remote and made darughachi of the Gaoyou circuit headquarters. In the sixteenth year he was made Grand General of Illustrious Courage and transferred to the post of army commander of the ten thousand. Chen Diaoyan of Zhangzhou rallied a force of tens of thousands and ravaged the Ting and Zhang circuits, and for seven years the rebellion could not be put down. In the eighth month of the seventeenth year, Privy Council Vice Commissioner Boluo asked that Wanzhedou be sent to suppress the rebels. The request was granted, and Wanzhedou was promoted to Supreme General Who Pacifies the State and Marshal for the Fujian Barbarian Campaign, leading five thousand men to the field. He was presented with feathered armor, consoled in person, and dispatched with the words: "Once the rebels are taken, you may deal with them as you see fit. At the time Huang Hua had rallied thirty thousand followers, was raiding Jianning, and called his force the Head-Shaven Army. Wanzhedou marched first, drums beating, straight into Huang Hua's territory. The thunder of his army so terrified the rebels that they submitted. Wanzhedou promised him the rank of vice marshal and consulted him on every aspect of the campaign. Still wary of Huang Hua's unpredictable deceit, he staged a grand hunt to display his martial prowess. As an eagle flew overhead, Wanzhedou shot it down at a single draw. The great hunt that followed yielded game heaped mountain-high, and Huang Hua was thoroughly won over. He reported to court and asked to campaign alongside Huang Hua. The court agreed, appointing Huang Hua Vice Marshal for the Barbarian Campaign to serve jointly with Wanzhedou. Huang Hua led the vanguard, and at the rebels' stronghold they stormed five stockades. In the third month of the nineteenth year he pursued Chen Diaoyan to Qianbi Ridge, captured and beheaded him in Zhangzhou, and the remaining rebels were completely subdued. On returning to Yangzhou the army received rewards by imperial decree, graded according to merit. He fell ill at Gaoyou. In the seventh month he was received at court. The emperor praised him and rewarded him with paper money, silver, gold brocade, saddle and bridle, and bow and arrows, and reappointed him army commander of the ten thousand and darughachi of the Gaoyou circuit headquarters. When a tiger began preying on the countryside, Wanzhedou went out with bow and arrows and killed it. In the eighth month of the twenty-second year he was summoned to court on account of illness. The emperor sent palace envoys again and again to inquire after his health and ordered skilled physicians to treat him. When he recovered, the emperor was overjoyed, rewarded the physicians with ten thousand strings of paper money, and appointed Wanzhedou General of Cavalry on High, left assistant administrator of the Jiangzhe regional secretariat, and concurrent army commander of the ten thousand. Earlier, officials had been unable to suppress the private salt trade in western Zhejiang. Wanzhedou went in person to Songjiang and Shanghai, rounded up five thousand salt smugglers, and enrolled them in the military registers. In the ninth month he was made left assistant administrator of the Central Secretariat and acting pacification commissioner for western Zhejiang. In the twenty-fifth year he was given the distant appointment of left assistant administrator of the Imperial Secretariat. In the twenty-sixth year he was promoted to Grand Master of Nurtured Virtue, made vice commissioner of the Jiangxi regional privy council, and concurrently pacification commissioner of Guangdong. When his illness returned, he was recalled to court. When Emperor Chengzong ascended the throne, Wanzhedou was received at court, granted a jade belt, and appointed Grand Master for Glorious Emolument and grand councillor of the Jiangzhe regional secretariat. He died in the eleventh month of Dade 2, at the age of fifty-nine. Posthumously he was honored as Meritorious Subject Who Displays Loyalty, Proclaims Strength, and Establishes the Distant, granted the titles of grand preceptor with three-excellencies protocol, grand marshal, and supreme pillar of state, enfeoffed posthumously as Duke of Lin, and given the posthumous title Wuxuan. He had fourteen sons, all of whom held office, but Temutu'gusi and Bieliqiedu were especially distinguished. Of his twenty-four grandsons, many also held office.
10
伯帖木兒
Botiemuer
11
伯帖木兒,钦察人也。 至元中,充哈剌赤,入备宿卫,以忠谨,授武节将军,佥左卫亲军都指挥使司事。 二十四年,征叛王乃颜,隶御史大夫玉速帖木兒麾下,败乃颜兵于忽尔阿剌河,追至海剌兒河,又败之。 乃颜党金家奴、别不古率众走山前,从大夫追战于札剌马秃河,杀其将二人,追至梦哥山,并擒金家奴。 二十五年,超授显武将军。 冬,哈丹王叛,从诸王乃麻歹讨之。 至斡麻站、兀剌河等处,连败其党阿秃八剌哈赤军,转战至帖麦哈必兒哈,又败之。 进至明安伦城,哈丹迎战,败走,追至忽兰叶兒,又与阿秃一日三战,手杀五人,擒裨将一人。 至帖里揭,突击哈丹,挺身陷阵,身中三十餘箭而还。 大夫亲视其创,而罪溃军之不救者。 车驾亲征,驻跸兀鲁灰河,伯帖木兒以兵从大夫至贵列兒河。 哈丹拒王师,伯帖木兒首战却之,获其党驸马阿剌浑,帝悦,以所获贼将兀忽兒妻赐之。 至霸郎兒,与忽都秃兒干战,杀其裨将五人,生擒曲兒先。 九月,大夫令率师往纳兀河东等处,招集逆党乞答真一千户、达达百姓及女直押兒撒等五百餘户。 二十六年春正月,师还,复遣戍也真大王之境。 五月,海都谋扰边,有旨令伯帖木兒以其军先来。 行至怯吕连河,值拜要叛,伯帖木兒即移兵致讨,擒其党伯颜以献。 帝深加奖谕,赐以所得伯颜女茶伦。 是年冬,立东路蒙古军上万户府,统钦察、乃蛮、捏古思、那亦勤等四千餘户。 升怀远大将军、上万户,佩三珠虎符。 二十七年,哈丹复入高丽,伯帖木兒奉命偕彻里帖木兒进讨。 二十八年正月,至鸭绿江,与哈丹子老的战,失利。 伯帖木兒以闻,帝命乃麻歹、薛彻干等征之,仍命伯帖木兒为先锋。 薛彻干军先至禅定州,击败哈丹,逾数日,乃麻歹以兵至,合攻哈丹,又败之。 伯帖木兒将百骑追至一大河,虏其妻孥,追奔逐北。 哈丹尚有八骑,伯帖木兒止余三骑,再战,两骑士皆重伤不能进,伯帖木兒单骑追之。 至一大山,日暮,遂失哈丹所在。 乃麻歹嘉其勇,赏以老的妻完者,上其功于朝,赐金带、衣服、鞍马、弓矢、银器等物,并厚赉其军。 二十九年,闻叛王捏怯烈尚在濠来仓,伯帖木兒率兵击,虏其妻子畜产,追至陈河,捏怯烈以二十餘骑脱身走,遂定其地。 得所管女直户五百餘以闻,帝命以充渔户。 伯帖木兒度地置马站七所,令岁捕鱼,驰驿以进。 成宗即位,俾仍其官。 车驾幸上京,征其兵千人从,岁以为常云。
Botiemuer was a Kipchak. During the Zhiyuan era he served in the qarači corps and entered palace guard duty. For his loyalty and prudence he was made General of Martial Integrity and given charge of the Left Guard Command of the Palace Guard. In the twenty-fourth year he joined the campaign against the rebel prince Nayan under Censor-in-Chief Yusutemuer, routed Nayan's army at the Hu'er'ala River, pursued them to the Hailar River, and defeated them again. When Nayan's followers Jinjianu and Biebugu fled with their men toward the mountains, he joined the censor-in-chief in battle at the Zhala'matu River, killed two rebel generals, pursued them to Mengge Mountain, and captured Jinjianu. In the twenty-fifth year he was promoted out of turn to General of Manifest Martiality. That winter Prince Hadan rebelled, and he joined Prince Naimadai in the punitive campaign. At Woma Station, the Wula River, and elsewhere he repeatedly routed the forces of Hadan's follower Atu Balakhaqi, and fighting on to Tiemaihabierha defeated them once more. He advanced to Ming'anlun City, where Hadan met him in battle but was defeated and driven off. Pursuing to Hulanyier, he fought Atu three times in a single day, killing five men with his own hand and capturing one assistant general. At Tielijie he launched a sudden assault on Hadan, plunged deep into the enemy ranks, took more than thirty arrow wounds, and withdrew. The censor-in-chief personally inspected his wounds and punished the routed troops who had failed to come to his aid. When the emperor personally took the field and halted at the Wuluhui River, Botiemuer marched with his troops under the censor-in-chief as far as the Guilier River. When Hadan resisted the imperial army, Botiemuer drove him back in the first engagement and captured his follower the imperial son-in-law Alahun. The emperor was pleased and rewarded him with the wife of the captured rebel general Wuhu'er. At Balang'er he fought Hudutudugan, killed five assistant generals, and took Qu'erxian alive. In the ninth month the censor-in-chief ordered him to lead troops to the region east of the Nawu River and gather in a thousand households of the rebel follower Qiedazhen, Tatar commoners, and more than five hundred Jurchen households including Yarisa. In the first month of spring in the twenty-sixth year the army returned home, and he was sent back to garrison the domain of Prince Yizhen. In the fifth month, when Haidu plotted raids on the frontier, an edict commanded Botiemuer to march his army to the front at once. On reaching the Qielülian River he found that Ba Yao had rebelled. Botiemuer immediately turned his army against him, captured his follower Bayan, and presented him to the court. The emperor lavishly praised and rewarded him, giving him Chalun, daughter of the Bayan he had captured. That winter the Eastern Route Mongol Army Top Ten-Thousand-Household Office was created to govern more than four thousand households of Kipchak, Naiman, Niegu, Naiqin, and the like. He was promoted to General of Expansive Vision and made a top ten-thousand-household, and was given a three-pearl tiger tally. In the twenty-seventh year Hadan again invaded Goryeo, and Botiemuer was ordered to join Chelitiemuer in the punitive campaign. In the first month of the twenty-eighth year they reached the Yalu River and fought Hadan's son Laodi, but were defeated. Botiemuer reported the defeat, and the emperor ordered Naimadai, Xuechegan, and others to take the field, again placing Botiemuer in the vanguard. Xuechegan's army reached Chan's Ding Prefecture first and routed Hadan. Several days later Naimadai arrived with his troops; together they attacked Hadan and defeated him once more. Botiemuer led a hundred horsemen in pursuit to a great river, seized Hadan's wife and children, and chased the fleeing enemy hard. Hadan still had eight horsemen while Botiemuer had only three. In renewed fighting both of his companions were badly wounded and could go no farther, so Botiemuer pursued alone. He followed them to a great mountain, but at dusk lost track of Hadan. Naimadai praised his bravery, rewarded him with Laodi's wife Wanzhe, and reported his feat to court. The emperor granted him a gold belt, clothing, saddle horses, bows and arrows, silver vessels, and other goods, and generously rewarded his troops as well. In the twenty-ninth year, learning that the rebel prince Nieqielie was still at Haolaicang, Botiemuer led troops against him, seized his family and livestock, and pursued to the Chen River. Nieqielie escaped with a little more than twenty horsemen, and the region was pacified. He reported that he had brought more than five hundred Jurchen households under his command, and the emperor ordered them registered as fishing households. Botiemuer surveyed the area and set up seven relay stations, had fish caught each year, and forwarded the catch to court by express relay. When Emperor Chengzong took the throne, Botiemuer was allowed to keep his post. Whenever the emperor visited the Upper Capital, a thousand of his troops were summoned to accompany the court—a practice that became annual.
12
怀都,斡鲁纳台氏。 祖父阿术鲁,与太祖同饮黑河水,屡从征讨,赐银印,总大军伐辽东女直诸部。 复帅师讨西夏,大战于合剌合察兒,擒夏主,太祖命尽赐以夏主遗物。 继总军南伐,攻拔信安,下宿、泗等州。 诸王塔察兒以阿术鲁年老,俾其子不花袭职。 中统二年,不花卒,子幼,兄子怀都继领其职。 中统三年春,李璮叛,诏怀都从亲王哈必赤讨之,围璮济南。 夏四月,璮夜出兵,四面冲突求出。 怀都直前奋击,斩百餘级,俘二百餘人,夺兵仗数百。 璮退走入城,怀都昼夜勒兵与战。 秋七月,破济南,诛璮。 哈必赤第其功,居最,诏赐金虎符,领蒙古、汉军。 攻海州,略淮南庐州。 至元三年,充邳州监战万户。 四年,领山东路统军司,从主帅南征。 至襄阳,西渡汉江,宋遣水军绝归路,怀都选士卒浮水杀宋军,夺战舰二十餘艘,斩首千餘级。 六年,军次淮南天长,至五河口,与宋兵战,败之。 七年,诏守鹿门山、白河口、一字城。 九年春,怀都请攻樊之古城堡。 堡高七层,怀都夜勒士卒,亲冒矢石,攻夺之,斩宋将韩拨发,擒蔡路钤。 襄阳既降,帅师屯蔡、息,出巡淮安,还城正阳,略地安丰,获生口无算。 十一年夏,宋将夏贵来攻正阳,怀都领步卒薄淮西岸,至横河口,逆战退之。 九月,略地安庆。 十二年,北渡,至栅江堡,值宋军三千餘,怀都与战,败之。 复南渡江,驻兵镇江。 谍报宋平江军出常州,怀都领兵千人,至无锡,与宋兵遇,大战,歼其众。 秋七月,行省檄怀都领军护焦山江岸,仍往扬州湾头立木城,以兵守之。 九月,权枢密院事,复守镇江。 宋殿帅张彦、安抚刘师勇攻吕城,怀都与万户忽剌出、帖木兒追战至常州,夺舟百餘艘,擒张殿帅、范总管。 冬十月,从右丞阿塔海攻常州。 宋硃都统自苏州赴援,怀都提兵至横林店,与之遇,奋击,大破之。 十一月,取苏州,徇秀州,仍抚治临安迤东新附军民。 十三年秋,同元帅撒里蛮、帖木兒、张弘范徇温州、福建,所至州郡迎降。 十四年,授镇国上将军、浙东宣慰使。 讨台、庆叛者,战于黄奢岭,又战于温州白塔屯寨,转战至于漳、泉、兴化,平之。 十六年,召至阙下,赐玉带、弓矢,授行省参知政事,至处州,以疾卒。 子八忽台兒,官至通奉大夫、浙东道宣慰使都元帅,平浙东、建宁盗贼,数有功。 不花子忽都答兒既长,分袭蒙古军千户,从平宋有功,授浙西招讨使,改邳州万户,后加荣禄大夫、平章政事,卒。
Huaidou was of the Wolunatai clan. His grandfather Ashulu had drunk from the Heishui River together with Taizu, joined many campaigns, been granted a silver seal, and commanded a great army against the Jurchen tribes of Liaodong. He later led an army against Western Xia and fought a great battle at Helahecha'er, capturing the Xia ruler. Taizu ordered that all the Xia ruler's possessions be given to him. He later commanded the southern campaign, stormed Xin'an, and captured Su, Si, and other prefectures. Because Ashulu had grown old, Prince Tacar had his son Buhua succeed to the post. In the second year of Zhongtong Buhua died. His son was still a child, so his elder brother's son Huaidou took over the command. In the spring of the third year of Zhongtong, Li Tan rebelled. An edict ordered Huaidou to follow Prince Habichi against him and besiege Tan at Jinan. In the fourth month of summer Tan sallied out by night, attacking from all sides in an attempt to break the siege. Huaidou charged straight into the enemy, killing more than a hundred men, capturing more than two hundred, and seizing several hundred weapons. Tan fell back into the city, and Huaidou kept his forces in the field day and night, fighting without pause. In the seventh month of autumn Jinan fell and Tan was executed. Habichi ranked his merit first among all the commanders. An edict granted him a gold tiger tally and command over Mongol and Han troops. He attacked Haizhou and raided Luzhou in Huainan. In the third year of Zhiyuan he was made battle-supervising ten-thousand-household commander of Pizhou. In the fourth year he took command of the Shandong Circuit Pacification Command and joined the commander-in-chief on the southern campaign. At Xiangyang, after crossing the Han River to the west, he found Song naval forces blocking the retreat. Huaidou picked soldiers to swim across, killed the Song troops, seized more than twenty warships, and took more than a thousand heads. In the sixth year the army encamped at Tianchang in Huainan. At Wuhekou he fought Song troops and routed them. In the seventh year an edict ordered him to hold Lumen Mountain, the Baihe River mouth, and Yizi Fortress. In the spring of the ninth year Huaidou asked permission to assault the old fortress outside Fan. The fortress stood seven stories high. Huaidou mustered his men by night, braved arrows and stones in person, and stormed it, killing the Song general Han Bofa and capturing Cai Luqian. After Xiangyang fell he stationed his army at Cai and Xi, patrolled Huai'an, returned to hold Zhengyang, raided Anfeng, and took captives beyond count. In the summer of the eleventh year the Song general Xia Gui attacked Zhengyang. Huaidou led infantry along the west bank of the Huai to Henghekou, met the enemy head-on, and drove them back. In the ninth month he raided Anqing. In the twelfth year he crossed north to Zhaojiang Fortress, encountered more than three thousand Song troops, fought them, and routed them. He crossed the river southward again and encamped at Zhenjiang. Intelligence reported that the Song Pingjiang Army had marched out of Changzhou. Huaidou led a thousand men to Wuxi, met the Song force in battle, and destroyed it. In the seventh month the regional secretariat ordered Huaidou to guard the Jiaoshan shore with his army, then to build a wooden fort at Wantou near Yangzhou and hold it with troops. In the ninth month he was appointed acting director of the privy council and resumed command at Zhenjiang. When the Song palace commander Zhang Yan and pacification commissioner Liu Shiyong attacked Lücheng, Huaidou joined the ten-thousand-household commanders Hulachu and Temür in pursuit to Changzhou, took more than a hundred boats, and captured Zhang and Prefect Fan. In the tenth month of winter he joined Right Chancellor Atahai in the assault on Changzhou. The Song commander-in-chief Zhu marched from Suzhou to relieve the city. Huaidou moved to Henglin Store, met him in battle, and broke his army completely. In the eleventh month he captured Suzhou, swept through Xiuzhou, and went on to govern the newly submitted populace east of Lin'an. In the autumn of the thirteenth year he marched with the marshals Sariyem, Temür, and Zhang Hongfan through Wenzhou and Fujian, and every prefecture they reached surrendered willingly. In the fourteenth year he was made superior general for pacifying the state and pacification commissioner of eastern Zhejiang. He put down rebels in Taizhou and Qingzhou, fought at Huangshe Ridge and again at the White Pagoda stockade near Wenzhou, and campaigned through Zhangzhou, Quanzhou, and Xinghua until the region was pacified. In the sixteenth year he was summoned to court, granted a jade belt and bow and arrows, and appointed vice administrative commissioner of the regional secretariat. He died of illness at Chuzhou on the way. His son Bahutai'er rose to director of palace attendants and was made pacification commissioner and commander-in-chief of the eastern Zhejiang circuit. He put down bandits in eastern Zhejiang and Jianning and won distinction again and again. When Bulqa's son Qutuqar came of age he inherited a thousand-household command in the Mongol army. For his service in the conquest of Song he was made pacification commissioner of western Zhejiang, then ten-thousand-household commander of Pizhou, and later grand counselor for splendid blessings and grand councillor before his death.
13
亦黑迷失
Yiheimishi
14
亦黑迷失,畏吾兒人也。 至元二年,入备宿卫。 九年,奉世祖命使海外八罗孛国。 十一年,偕其国人以珍宝奉表来朝,帝嘉之,赐金虎符。 十二年,再使其国,与其国师以名药来献,赏赐甚厚。 十四年,授兵部侍郎。 十八年,拜荆湖占城等处行中书参知政事,招谕占城。 二十一年,召还。 复命使海外僧迦剌国,观佛钵舍利,赐以玉带、衣服、鞍辔。 二十一年,自海上还,以参知政事管领镇南王府事,复赐玉带。 与平章阿里海牙、右丞唆都征占城,战失利,唆都死焉。 亦黑迷失言于镇南王,请屯兵大浪湖,观衅而后动。 王以闻,诏从之,竟全军而归。 二十四年,使马八兒国,取佛钵舍利,浮海阻风,行一年乃至。 得其良医善药,遂与其国人来贡方物,又以私钱购紫檀木殿材并献之。 尝侍帝于浴室,问曰:「汝逾海者凡几?」 对曰:「臣四逾海矣。」 帝悯其劳,又赐玉带,改资德大夫,遥授江淮行尚书省左丞,行泉府太卿。 二十九年,召入朝,尽献其所有珍异之物。 时方议征爪哇,立福建行省,亦黑迷失与史弼、高兴并为平章。 诏军事付弼,海道事付亦黑迷失,仍谕之曰:「汝等至爪哇,当遣使来报。 汝等留彼,其餘小国即当自服,可遣招徠之。 彼若纳款,皆汝等之力也。」 军次占城,先遣郝成、刘渊谕降南巫里、速木都剌、不鲁不都、八剌剌诸小国。 三十年,攻葛郎国,降其主合只葛当。 又遣郑珪招谕木来由诸小国,皆遣其子弟来降。 爪哇主婿土罕必阇耶既降,归国复叛,事并见《弼传》。 诸将议班师,亦黑迷失欲如帝旨,先遣使入奏,弼与兴不从,遂引兵还,以所俘及诸小国降人入见。 帝罪其与弼纵土罕必阇耶,没家赀三之一。 寻复还之。 以荣禄大夫、平章政事为集贤院使,兼会同馆事,告老家居。 仁宗念其屡使绝域,诏封吴国公,卒。
Yiheimishi was a Uyghur. In the second year of Zhiyuan he entered the palace guard. In the ninth year Kublai Khan sent him as envoy to Barus across the sea. In the eleventh year he returned with envoys from that country bearing tribute and a memorial to the court. The emperor commended him and granted a golden tiger tally. In the twelfth year he was sent there again. He returned with that country's teacher bearing rare medicines as tribute, and the rewards he received were very great. In the fourteenth year he was made vice director of the Ministry of War. In the eighteenth year he was made vice administrative commissioner of the Jinghu and Champa regional secretariat and charged with winning Champa over to submission. In the twenty-first year he was recalled to court. He was again dispatched across the sea to Ceylon to view the Buddha's alms bowl and relics, and was granted a jade belt, robes, saddle, and bridle. In the twenty-first year he returned from the sea and was made vice administrative commissioner in charge of the Prince of Zhennan's household; he received another jade belt. Campaigning against Champa with Grand Councillor Alihaya and Right Vice Director Suodu, he suffered defeat and Suodu was killed. Yiheimishi advised the Prince of Zhennan to hold the army at Dalang Lake and wait for an opportunity before moving. The prince reported this to the throne, the court approved, and the army withdrew intact. In the twenty-fourth year he was sent to Ma'bar to fetch the Buddha's alms bowl and relics. Headwinds on the open sea delayed him, and a full year passed before he arrived. He acquired skilled physicians and fine medicines, then returned with envoys from that country bearing tribute. He also spent his own money to buy sandalwood beams for palace hall construction and presented them as well. Once while attending the emperor in the bathhouse, the emperor asked, "How many times have you crossed the sea? He answered, "Your subject has crossed the sea four times." The emperor commiserated with his hardships, granted him another jade belt, promoted him to grand master for virtuous merit, made him left vice director of the Jianghuai mobile secretariat by remote appointment, and commissioner of the bureau of customs and tribute. In the twenty-ninth year he was summoned to court and presented everything he owned of rare and extraordinary value. At that time the court was planning a campaign against Java and establishing a Fujian regional secretariat. Yiheimishi, Shi Bi, and Gao Xing were all appointed grand councillors. An edict put military affairs in Bi's hands and maritime affairs in Yiheimishi's, and further instructed them: "When you reach Java, you must send envoys to report back. If you remain there, the other small states should submit on their own. You may send envoys to win them over. If they submit, it will be entirely due to your efforts." When the army reached Champa, he first sent Hao Cheng and Liu Yuan to persuade the small states of Nanwuli, Samudra, Burubudu, and Balala to submit. In the thirtieth year he attacked Gelang and its ruler Kajagada surrendered. He also sent Zheng Gui to win over the Melayu states, and each sent sons or younger brothers to submit. The Javanese ruler's son-in-law Tuhan Bichaya had submitted but rebelled again after returning home; the affair is also recorded in Bi's biography. When the generals debated withdrawal, Yiheimishi wanted to follow the emperor's instructions and first send envoys to report to court, but Bi and Gao Xing refused. They withdrew the army and presented the captives and envoys from the submitted states at court. The emperor held him and Bi responsible for letting Tuhan Bichaya go and confiscated one-third of their estates. Before long the property was restored to them. As grand counselor for splendid blessings and grand councillor he became director of the Academy of Scholarly Worthies and also oversaw the Hall of Joint Submission, then retired to live at home. Emperor Renzong, mindful of his many missions to distant lands, enfeoffed him as Duke of Wu. He died soon after.
15
拜降,北庭人。 父忽都,武勇过人,由宿卫为南宿州镇将,分守蕲县。 后从世祖南征,年几七十,每率先士卒,冒矢石,身被数十疮,战功居多。 徙居大名路清丰县,卒。 赠广平路总管,封渔阳郡侯。 忽都卒时,拜降生甫数月,母徐氏鞠育教诲甚至,每曰:「吾惟一子,已童丱矣,不可使不知学。」 顾县僻左,无良师友,遂遣从师大名城中。 郡守每旦望入学,见拜降容止讲解,大异群兒,甚爱奖之。 比弱冠,美髭髯,仪表甚伟。 丞相阿术南攻襄阳、江陵诸郡,以偏裨隶麾下。 军行至安阳滩,与宋军遇。 宋骑直前突阵,阵为却。 拜降跃马出阵前,引弓连毙数人,宋骑稍却。 复率众战良久,宋师大溃。 至元五年,围襄樊,战有功。 十一年,从阿术渡江,水陆遇敌,尝先登陷阵,勇冠一军。 宋平,以功授江浙省理问官。 时事方草创,省臣有所建白,及事有不可便宜自决须奏闻者,以拜降善敷奏,数令驰驿往咨于朝。 及引见,世祖遥识之,喜曰:「黑髯使臣复来耶!」 其见器使如此。 二十七年,迁江西行尚书省都镇抚。 适徭、獠扰边,拜降从丞相忙兀台讨定之。 二十九年,迁庆元路治中。 岁大饥,状累上行省,不报。 拜降曰:「民饥如是而不赈之,岂为民父母意耶!」 即躬诣行省力请,得发粟四万石,民赖全活。 元贞间,两浙盐运司同知范某阴贼为奸,州县吏以赂,咸听驱役,由是数侵暴细民。 民有珍货腴田,必夺为己有,不与,则朋结无赖,妄讼以罗织之,无不荡破家业者。 凶焰铄人,人咸侧目。 里人欲杀之,不果,顾被诬诉逮系者亡虑数十人,俱死狱中。 兰溪州民叶一、王十四有美田宅,范欲夺之,不可,因诬以事,系狱十年不决。 事闻于省,省下理问所推鞫之,适拜降至官,冤遂得直。 置范于刑,而七人者先瘐死矣,惟叶一、王十四得释,时论多焉。 大德元年,迁浙东廉访副使,令行禁止,豪强慑伏。 同寅有贪秽者,拜降抗章核之于台,遂免其官。 后转工部侍郎,赐侍燕服一袭,升工部尚书,有能声。 至大二年,仁宗奉皇太后避暑五台,拜降供给道路,无有阙遗,恩赉尤渥。 比至都,改资国院使。 母徐氏卒,遂奔丧于杭。 时酒禁方严,帝特命以酒十MG,官给传致墓所,以备奠礼。 初,徐氏盛年守节,教子甚严,比拜降贵,事上于朝,特旌其门。 及老,见拜降历官有声誉,喜曰:「有子如是,吾死可瞑目矣。」 拜降居丧尽礼,未及起复,延祐二年,卒于家。 赠资政大夫、江浙左丞,谥贞惠。
Baijiang was a native of Beiting. His father Hudu was a man of exceptional courage. Rising from the palace guard, he became garrison commander of South Suzhou Prefecture and was posted to hold Qí County. Later he joined Kublai Khan's southern campaign. Though nearly seventy, he always led from the front, exposing himself to arrow and stone, and bore dozens of wounds. His battle honors were among the greatest. The family settled in Qingfeng County, Daming Circuit, where he died. He was posthumously made chief commandant of Guangping Circuit and enfeoffed as Marquis of Yuyang. When Hudu died, Baijiang was only a few months old. His mother Lady Xu raised and taught him with great care, saying, "I have only this one son, and he is still a boy—I cannot let him grow up uneducated." Their county was remote, with no good teachers nearby, so she sent him to study in the city of Daming. Each morning the prefect watched the school from afar. Baijiang's bearing and his recitations in class set him far apart from the other boys, and the prefect came to favor him greatly. By young manhood he had grown a fine beard and cut an imposing figure. When Chancellor Aju campaigned south against Xiangyang, Jiangling, and neighboring commanderies, Baijiang served as a junior officer in his army. At Anyang Shoals the army met Song forces. Song cavalry charged the line, and the formation began to buckle. Baijiang spurred out before the line, shot several men in succession, and the Song horsemen fell back. He led the troops in a long fight until the Song army broke completely. In the fifth year of Zhiyuan he distinguished himself in the siege of Xiangyang and Fancheng. In the eleventh year he crossed the Yangzi with Aju. Whether fighting on land or water, he was often first into the breach, and his courage was unmatched in the army. After the fall of Song he was appointed inquiry official of the Jiang-Zhe regional secretariat for his services. Government was still being organized, and whenever provincial officials needed to report proposals or matters that could not be decided locally, Baijiang's skill at memorial writing made him the one repeatedly sent post-haste to court for instructions. When he was presented at court, Emperor Shizu recognized him at once and said with delight, "The black-bearded envoy has come again!" Such was the esteem in which the emperor held him. In the twenty-seventh year he was made chief pacification commissioner of the Jiangxi mobile imperial secretariat. When Yao and Liao tribes raided the frontier, he joined Chancellor Mangwutai in putting down the disturbances. In the twenty-ninth year he was appointed vice administrator of Qingyuan Circuit. A severe famine struck that year. He petitioned the regional secretariat repeatedly but received no response. Baijiang said, "The people are starving like this and we do nothing—is that what parents of the people should do?" He went in person to the regional secretariat and pressed his case until forty thousand shi of grain were released, saving countless lives. During the Yuanzhen era Fan, associate administrator of the Liang-Zhe Salt Transport Commission, was secretly corrupt. County and prefectural officials took his bribes and did his bidding, and he repeatedly preyed on ordinary people. Whenever anyone had valuables or fertile land he seized them. If they resisted, he joined with local thugs to bring false charges until their families were ruined. His brutality terrified everyone, and people dared only look at him sideways. Locals wanted to kill him but could not. Meanwhile dozens of people he had framed were arrested, and all died in prison. Ye Yi and Wang Shisi of Lanxi Prefecture owned fine property that Fan wanted. When they refused, he framed them on false charges and kept them in prison unresolved for ten years. When the case reached the secretariat, it was referred to the inquiry office for investigation. Baijiang had just taken up his post, and the wrong was finally corrected. Fan was punished, though seven others had already died in prison. Only Ye Yi and Wang Shisi were freed, and the public praised Baijiang widely. In the first year of Dade he became vice surveillance commissioner of eastern Zhe. His orders were obeyed and the local strongmen were brought to heel. When a corrupt colleague was discovered, Baijiang memorialized the censorate to investigate him, and the man was dismissed. He was later made vice minister of works, given a set of court banquet robes, and promoted to minister of works, earning a reputation for competence. In the second year of Zhida, when Emperor Renzong escorted the empress dowager to Wutai for the summer, Baijiang provisioned the route without a single lapse and received especially generous rewards. On reaching the capital he was appointed superintendent of the Resources-for-the-State Office. When his mother Lady Xu died, he rushed to Hangzhou to mourn. Wine was strictly forbidden at the time, but the emperor specially granted him ten hu of wine, which officials conveyed by relay to the grave for the funeral offerings. Lady Xu had remained chaste in her prime and raised her son strictly. When Baijiang rose to high office and served at court, the emperor specially honored her household. In old age, seeing her son's honorable career, she said with joy, "With a son like this, I can die content." Baijiang observed mourning with full propriety, but before he could return to office he died at home in the second year of Yanyou. He was posthumously made grand master of governance and left assistant councilor of the Jiang-Zhe secretariat, with the posthumous title Zhenhui.