1
石抹也先
Shimoyexian
2
石抹也先者，遼人也。 其先，嘗從蕭后舉族入突厥，及后還而族留。 至遼為述律氏，號稱后族。 遼亡，改述律氏為石抹氏。 其祖庫烈兒，誓不食金祿，率部落遠徙。 年九十，夜得疾，命家人候日出則以報，及旦，沐浴拜日而卒。 父脫羅華察兒，亦不仕。 有子五人，也先其仲子也。
Shimoyexian was a subject of the Liao dynasty. His forebears had once followed Empress Xiao when she led the entire clan into Türk lands; when she returned, the clan stayed behind. Under the Liao they became the Shulü clan, known as the empress's lineage. After the fall of Liao, the Shulü were renamed the Shimou clan. His grandfather Kulie'er vowed never to take office under the Jin and led the tribe away to distant lands. At ninety he took ill one night and told his family to notify him at sunrise; when day broke he bathed, paid homage to the sun, and died. His father Tuoluohuacha'er also refused government service. He had five sons; Yexian was the second-born.
3
年十歲，從其父問宗國之所以亡，即大憤曰：「兒能復之。」 及長，勇力過人，善騎射，多智略，豪服諸部。 金人聞其名，徵為奚部長，即讓其兄贍德納曰：「兄姑受之，為保宗族計。」 遂深自藏匿，居北野山，射狐鼠而食。 聞太祖起朔方，匹馬來歸。 首言：「東京為金開基之地，蕩其根本，中原可傳檄而定也。」 太祖悅，命從太師、國王木華黎取東京。
When he was ten, his father explained why their dynasty had fallen, and the boy flared with anger: "I can bring it back." As a man he was stronger and braver than his peers, a superb horseman and archer, full of stratagems, and the tribes submitted to his leadership. When the Jin heard of him they appointed him chief of the Xi, but he immediately passed the office to his elder brother Shanden'a, saying, "Take it for now, brother, to keep our people safe." Then he went into deep hiding on Beiye Mountain, living on fox and rodent he shot with his bow. When he learned that Taizu had raised his banner in the north, he rode in alone to join him. His first counsel was: "Dongjing is where the Jin built their power; destroy that foundation and the Central Plain will fall to a single proclamation." Taizu was delighted and ordered him to march with Grand Preceptor and Prince Muqali against Dongjing.
4
師過臨潢，次高州，木華黎令也先率千騎為先鋒，也先曰：「兵貴奇勝，何以多為？」 諜知金人新易東京留守將至，也先獨與數騎，邀而殺之，懷其所受誥命，至東京，謂守門者曰：「我新留守也。」 入據府中，問吏列兵於城何謂，吏以邊備對，也先曰：「吾自朝廷來，中外晏然，奈何欲陳兵以動搖人心乎！」 即命撤守備，曰：「寇至在我，無勞爾輩。」 是夜，下令易置其將佐部伍。 三日，木華黎至，入東京，不費一矢，得地數千里、戶十萬八千、兵十萬、資糧器械山積，降守臣寅荅虎等四十七人，定城邑三十二。 金人喪其根本之地，始議遷河南。
The army passed Linhuang and camped at Gaozhou. Muqali told Yexian to lead a thousand horse as vanguard, but Yexian replied, "Victory lies in the unexpected—why send so many?" Intelligence reported that a newly appointed Jin commander for Dongjing was on his way. Yexian rode out with only a handful of men, ambushed and killed him, took the appointment documents from his body, rode to Dongjing, and told the gate guards, "I am your new commander." He entered the yamen and took command. When he asked why troops lined the walls, the clerks said it was routine frontier defense. Yexian said, "I have just come from court; the realm is at peace—why parade soldiers and unsettle the city?" He immediately ordered the garrison stood down, saying, "If enemies come, I will deal with them—you need not trouble yourselves." That night he reorganized the command structure and reassigned the units. Three days later Muqali marched in. Dongjing fell without a single arrow loosed. They gained thousands of li of territory, 108,000 households, 100,000 soldiers, and mountains of grain and arms; forty-seven defending officials including Yindahu surrendered, and thirty-two towns were brought under control. Stripped of their heartland, the Jin began to discuss moving their capital south to Henan.
5
歲乙亥，移師圍北京，城久不下，及城破，將屠之。 也先曰：「王師拯人水火，彼既降而復屠之，則未下者，人將死守，天下何時定乎！」 因以上聞，赦之。 授御史大夫，領北京達魯花赤。 時石天應與豪酋數十據興中府，也先分兵降之，奏以為興中尹。 又命也先副脫忽闌闍里必，監張鯨等軍，征燕南未下州郡。 至平州，鯨稱疾不進，也先執鯨送行在所，帝責之曰：「朕何負汝？」 鯨對曰：「臣實病，非敢叛。」 帝曰：「今呼汝弟致為質，當活汝。」 鯨諾而宵遁，也先追戮之，致已殺使者應其兄矣。 致既伏誅，也先籍其私養敢死之士萬二千人號黑軍者，上于朝。 賜虎符，進上將軍，以御史大夫提控諸路元帥府事，舉遼水之西、灤水之東，悉以付之。
In the yihai year the army besieged Beijing. The siege dragged on, and when the walls finally fell the troops prepared to slaughter the population. Yexian said, "Our army is meant to rescue people from ruin. If we butcher them after they surrender, every city still holding out will fight to the last man—how then will the realm ever be pacified?" He appealed to the throne, and an order of mercy was issued. He was made Censor-in-Chief and darughachi of Beijing. Shi Tianying and dozens of local strongmen still held Xingzhong Prefecture. Yexian sent detachments to reduce them and recommended Tianying as governor of Xingzhong. Yexian was also assigned as deputy to Tohuolan Shilibi to oversee Zhang Jing's forces in reducing the remaining prefectures of southern Yan. At Pingzhou, Zhang Jing pleaded illness and refused to march. Yexian arrested him and brought him before the emperor, who demanded, "What have I done to wrong you?" Jing answered, "I am genuinely ill, Your Majesty—I had no thought of rebellion." The emperor said, "Send for your brother Zhi as hostage and you shall live." Jing agreed, then fled under cover of night. Yexian hunted him down and killed him; by then Zhi had already murdered the envoy sent to fetch him. Once Zhi was put to death, Yexian inventoried his private force of twelve thousand die-hards known as the Black Army and presented them to the throne. He received a tiger tally and promotion to Senior General, and as Censor-in-Chief he directed the route marshalates; everything west of the Liao and east of the Luan was placed under his command.
6
後從國王木華黎攻蠡州北城，先登，中石死，時年四十一。 子四人：曰查剌，曰咸錫，曰博羅，曰侃。
He later followed Prince Muqali against the north wall of Lizhou, was first over the parapet, and was killed by a thrown stone at forty-one. He left four sons: Zhala, Xianxi, Boluo, and Kan.
7
查剌，亦善射，襲御史大夫，領黑軍。 戊寅，從木華黎攻平陽、太原、隰、吉、岢嵐、關西諸郡，下之。 遂攻益都，久不下，及降，衆欲屠其城，查剌曰：「殺降不祥，且得空城，將安用之。」 由是遂免。 己卯，詔以黑軍分屯真定、固安、太原、平陽、隰、吉、岢嵐諸郡。 及南征，盡以黑軍為前列，敗金將白撒、官奴于河。 渡河再戰，盡殺之，長驅破汴京，入自仁和門，收圖籍而還。 帝悉以諸軍俘獲賜黑軍。
Zhala was likewise a fine archer; he inherited his father's post as Censor-in-Chief and command of the Black Army. In the wuyin year he campaigned with Muqali against Pingyang, Taiyuan, Xi, Ji, Kelan, and the western passes, capturing them all. They next besieged Yidu. When it finally surrendered the troops wanted to slaughter the city, but Zhala said, "Massacring those who yield brings ill fortune—and what good is an empty city?" The city was spared on his word. In the jimao year an edict distributed the Black Army in garrisons across Zhending, Gu'an, Taiyuan, Pingyang, Xi, Ji, Kelan, and neighboring prefectures. On the southern campaign the entire Black Army led the advance and routed the Jin generals Ba Sa and Guannu at the river. They crossed, fought again, and wiped out the enemy, then swept on to storm Bianjing, entered through the Renhe Gate, collected the archives, and withdrew. The emperor awarded the Black Army all prisoners taken by the other armies.
8
癸巳，從國王塔思，征金帥宣撫萬奴於遼東之南京，先登，衆軍乘之而進，遂克之，王解錦衣以賜。 辛丑，太宗嘉其功，授真定、北京兩路達魯花赤。 癸卯，卒于柳城，年四十四。
In the guisi year he followed Prince Tasi against the Jin commander Wannu at the Liaodong Eastern Capital, was first over the wall, and the army poured in after him to take the city. The prince gave him his own brocade robe. In the xinchou year Taizong rewarded his service with the darughachiship of both the Zhending and Beijing circuits. He died at Liucheng in the guimao year, aged forty-four.
9
子庫祿滿，襲職。 中統三年，從征李璮，中流矢卒。 子良輔，襲黑軍緫管，至元十七年，以功累陞昭毅大將軍、沿海副都元帥。 二十一年，改沿海上副萬戶。 大德十一年，告老。 子繼祖，襲萬戶。
His son Kuluman succeeded to the office. In the third Zhongtong year he marched against Li Tan, took an arrow in battle, and died. His son Liangfu inherited command of the Black Army and, by accumulated merit in the seventeenth Zhiyuan year, rose to General of Manifest Valor and Deputy Coastal Commander-in-Chief. In the twenty-first year he was reassigned as Deputy Myriarch of the Coastal Circuit. In the eleventh Dade year he retired from service. His son Jizu inherited the myriarchate.
10
咸錫之子度剌，攻樊城，戰死。
Dula, son of Xianxi, was killed assaulting Fancheng.
11
贍德納後亦棄金官來歸，為別失八里達魯花赤，卒。 其孫亦剌馬丹，仕至遼陽省左丞。 亦剌馬丹子倉赤，為湖廣行省平章政事。
Shanden'a later renounced his Jin post and joined the Mongols, served as darughachi of Bieshibali, and died in office. His grandson Yilamadan rose to Left Vice Minister of the Liaoyang Branch Secretariat. Yilamadan's son Cangchi served as Pacification Commissioner of the Huguang Branch Secretariat.
12
何伯祥子瑋
He Boxiang and His Son Wei
13
何伯祥，易州易縣人。 幼從軍于金，從張柔來歸。 太祖定河朔，惟保定王子昌、信安張進堅守不下。 子昌，金驍將也，柔命伯祥取之。 兵逼其城，子昌出走，追及之，伯祥執槍馳馬，子昌反射之，中手而貫槍，伯祥拔矢棄槍，策馬直前，徒手搏之，擒子昌。 進聞之，亦遁去。 伯祥遂攻西山諸寨，悉平之。 後攻汴梁，拔洛陽，圍歸德，破蔡州，論功居多，授易州等處軍民緫管。
He Boxiang was born in Yixian, Yizhou. He entered military service under the Jin as a youth and came over to the Mongols with Zhang Rou. After Taizu secured the north bank of the Yellow River, only Wang Zichang at Baoding and Zhang Jin at Xin'an still held out. Zichang was one of the Jin's fiercest commanders; Rou ordered Boxiang to capture him. Boxiang pressed the city until Zichang fled. He overtook him, spear in hand, charging on horseback. Zichang wheeled and shot back, the arrow passing through Boxiang's hand and pinning his spear. Boxiang wrenched out the arrow, dropped the spear, spurred forward, wrestled him down bare-handed, and took him alive. When Zhang Jin heard the news, he fled as well. Boxiang then reduced the stockades of the western hills and pacified them all. He later fought at Bianliang, took Luoyang, besieged Guide, and stormed Caizhou, earning the lion's share of the credit and appointment as Military-Civilian Commander of Yizhou and neighboring districts.
14
丁酉，從主帥察罕伐宋，伯祥拔三十餘柵，獲戰艦千餘艘，又破芭蕉、望鄉、大洪、張家等寨，俘獲甚衆，器械山積。 察罕以其功聞，賜錦衣、金甲。
In the dingyou year he campaigned against Song under Commander Chahan, capturing more than thirty stockades and over a thousand warships, then stormed the camps at Bajiao, Wangxiang, Dahong, Zhangjia, and elsewhere, taking vast numbers of prisoners and mountains of arms. Chahan reported his feats to court, and he was rewarded with brocade robes and golden armor.
15
壬子，諸軍入宋境，察罕自他道遽還，諸軍倉皇失措，伯祥曰：「此必為敵所遏，不若出其不意，而遂深入其地，彼不我測，乃可出也。」 遂率兵突戰，直抵司空寨，疏布營壘，陵高伐木，為攻取勢。 既夜，命為五營，營火十炬，伏精銳于營側險要之地，天將明，令士卒速行，而鳴鼓其後。 宋兵果來追，伏發，驚駭潰去，追擊，大破之，轉戰百餘里，他軍不能歸者，皆賴以出。 帝聞之，賜金二百兩。
In the renzi year the armies crossed into Song territory. Chahan suddenly withdrew by another route, and the troops fell into confusion. Boxiang said, "The enemy must have cut him off. Better to strike where they do not expect and drive deep into their territory—they will not know what to make of us, and we can break out." He led a sudden assault straight to Sikong Stockade, spread his camps wide, felled timber on the heights, and made a show of preparing to attack. At night he split into five camps with ten torches each and hid his best troops in the rough ground beside them. Near dawn he ordered a rapid march while drums thundered in the rear. Song forces pursued as expected; the ambush rose, and they broke in panic. Boxiang chased them for more than a hundred li and won a great victory. Every other unit that could not withdraw escaped thanks to him. When the emperor heard of it, he awarded two hundred taels of gold.
16
世祖南伐，伯祥參預軍事，多所獻納，卒于軍。 贈儀同三司、太保、上柱國，追封易國公，諡武昌。 子瑋。
During Shizu's southern campaign Boxiang took part in planning, offered much sound advice, and died in camp. He was posthumously made Honorary Three Excellencies, Grand Guardian, and Supreme Pillar of State, enfeoffed as Duke of Yi with the posthumous name Wuchang. His son was Wei.
17
瑋始襲父職，知易州。 兄行軍千戶卒，瑋復襲之，鎮亳州。 從圍襄樊，宋將夏貴率舟師來救，瑋時建營於城東北，當其衝。 貴兵縱火焚北關，遂進逼瑋，萬戶脫因不花等呼瑋入城，瑋曰：「建功立業，此其時也，何避焉！」 乃率其衆，誓以死戰，開營門，以身先之，貴敗走。
Wei first inherited his father's office and governed Yizhou. When his elder brother the campaign myriarch died, Wei inherited that post as well and was posted to Bozhou. During the siege of Xiangyang and Fancheng, the Song general Xia Gui brought a fleet to relieve the cities. Wei had camped northeast of the walls, squarely in his path. Gui's men set fire to the north gate and pressed Wei hard. Myriarch Tuoyinbuhua and others urged him to withdraw into the city, but Wei said, "This is the hour to win glory—why should I hide?" He led his men out, swore to fight to the death, threw open the camp gate, and charged at their head until Gui broke and fled.
18
至元十一年，丞相伯顏受命伐宋，辟瑋為帳前都鎮撫。 師次陽羅堡，夏貴率戰艦列江上下，瑋從元帥阿朮，率衆先渡，諸軍繼之，貴復敗走。 宋丞相賈似道，率舟師拒于丁家洲，瑋將勇敢士出戰，奪舟千餘艘，似道遁去。 授武德將軍、管軍緫管，佩金虎符。 宋既平，進懷遠大將軍、太平路軍民達魯花赤，俄陞昭勇大將軍、行戶部尚書、兩淮都轉運使。
In the eleventh Zhiyuan year Chancellor Bayan was ordered to conquer Song and appointed Wei Commander-in-Chief of his personal guard. The army halted at Yangluo Fort, where Xia Gui lined the river with warships. Wei followed Marshal Azhu, led the first crossing, and the rest of the army followed. Gui was beaten again and fled. Song Chancellor Jia Sidao met them with a fleet at Dingjiazhou. Wei led his boldest men into the fight, captured more than a thousand ships, and Sidao fled. He was made Martial Virtue General and Army Commander-in-Chief with a golden tiger tally. After the fall of Song he was promoted to Far-Reaching General and darughachi of Taiping Circuit, then soon to Manifest Valor General, Acting Minister of Revenue, and Director of Transport for the Two Huai.
19
至元十八年，擢參議中書省事。 二十年，擢為江浙按察使。 二十二年，改大名路緫管。 二十八年，遷湖南宣慰使。 三十一年，拜中書參知政事，時宰執凡十一人，瑋曰：「古者一相，專任賢也，今宰執員多，政出多門，轉相疑忌，請損之。」 不從，遂乞代。
In the eighteenth Zhiyuan year he was appointed Associate Censor of the Central Secretariat. In the twentieth year he became Surveillance Commissioner of Jiang-Zhe. In the twenty-second year he was transferred to Prefect of Daming Circuit. In the twenty-eighth year he was made Pacification Commissioner of Hunan. In the thirty-first year he was made Associate Administrator of the Central Secretariat. Eleven chief ministers then held office at once, and Wei said, "Antiquity had a single chancellor who alone chose the worthy. With so many ministers today, policy comes from too many hands and breeds mutual suspicion. I ask that their number be reduced." When the court refused, he asked to be relieved.
20
大德四年，授侍御史，以母病辭。 七年，授御史中丞，陳當世要務十條，成宗嘉納之。 京師孔子廟成，瑋言：「唐、虞、三代，國都、閭卷莫不有學，今孔廟既成，宜建國學於其側。」 從之。 賽典赤、八都馬辛等還自貶所，復相位，瑋言：「姦黨不可復用，宜選正人以居廟堂。」 帝深然之。 監察御史郭章，劾郎中哈剌哈孫受贓，具服，而哈剌哈孫密結權要，以枉問誣章。 瑋率臺臣入奏，辨論剴切，章遂得釋。
In the fourth Dade year he was offered the post of Attending Censor but declined because his mother was ill. In the seventh year he became Vice Censor-in-Chief, presented ten urgent reforms for the age, and Chengzong praised and adopted them. When the Confucius temple in the capital was completed, Wei said, "Under the sage kings Tang and Yu and the Three Dynasties, capital and countryside alike had schools. Now that the temple stands, a National University should be built beside it." The emperor agreed. Saidianchi, Baduomaxin, and others returned from exile and resumed high office. Wei said, "Disgraced schemers must not be restored. Choose upright men for the council chamber." The emperor strongly agreed. Surveillance Censor Guo Zhang impeached Director Halahasiun for bribery; Halahasiun confessed fully, but then secretly enlisted powerful patrons who framed Zhang with a false charge. Wei led the censorate in to plead the case, argued with sharp force, and Zhang was released.
21
九年冬，將有事于南郊，議配享，瑋曰：「嚴父配天，萬世不易。」 不果行。 成宗崩，丞相阿忽台奉皇后旨，集廷臣議祔廟及攝政事，瑋難之，阿忽台變色曰：「中丞謂不可行，獨不畏死耶？」 衆皆危懼，瑋從容曰：「死畏不義耳，苟死於義，夫復何畏！」 未幾，以疾去位。
In the winter of the ninth year, as the court prepared the southern suburban sacrifice and debated who should share the altar, Wei said, "Pairing the revered father with Heaven is a principle that must never change." His counsel was not adopted. After Chengzong's death, Chancellor Ahutai, acting on the empress's orders, gathered the ministers to decide on enshrinement and a regency. Wei objected. Ahutai flushed and said, "You alone say this cannot be done—are you the only man here unafraid of death?" The assembly trembled, but Wei answered calmly, "I fear only dying for what is wrong. If I die for what is right, what is there to fear?" Before long he resigned on grounds of illness.
22
武宗即位于上都，授太子副詹事，遣使促使就職，復遙授平章政事，商議中書省事。 武宗至自上都，臨朝，問曰：「孰為何中丞？」 瑋出拜，帝曰：「朕知卿能以忠直為國，朕有不逮，卿當勉輔。」
When Wuzong took the throne at Shangdu he was made Deputy Supervisor of the Heir Apparent's Household. Envoys were sent to hurry him to court, and he was also appointed Pacification Commissioner by remote commission to advise on Central Secretariat affairs. When Wuzong returned from Shangdu and held court he asked, "Which of you is Vice Censor He?" Wei stepped forward and bowed. The emperor said, "I know you serve the state with loyal integrity. Where I fall short, you must help me make it right."
23
李守賢
Li Shouxian
24
李守賢字才叔，大寧義州人也。 祖小字放軍，嘗從金將攻宋淮南，飛石傷髀，錄功，賞生口七十。 主將分命將校殺所掠俘，苟有失亡者，罪死，放軍當殺五百人，皆縱之去。
Li Shouxian, styled Caishu, was born in Yizhou, Daning. His grandfather Fangjun had campaigned with a Jin general against Song south of the Huai. A flying stone struck his thigh, but his merit was recorded and he was rewarded with seventy captives. The commander had ordered his officers to execute their captives on pain of death for any who escaped. Fangjun was assigned five hundred to kill but set them all free.
25
金大安初，守賢暨兄庭植，弟守正、守忠，從兄伯通、伯溫，歸款於太師、國王木華黎，入朝太祖于行在所，即命庭植為龍虎衛上將軍、右副元帥、崇義軍節度使，守賢授錦州臨海軍節度觀察使，弟守忠為都元帥，守河東。 朝廷以全晉為要害之地，人心危疑未定，非守賢鎮撫之不可，乃自錦州遷河東南路兵馬都緫管。 既至，河東人皆曰：「吾等可恃以生矣。」
Early in the Jin Dading era, Shouxian, his elder brother Tingzhi, younger brothers Shouzheng and Shouzhong, and cousins Botong and Bowen submitted to Grand Preceptor and Prince Muqali and presented themselves to Taizu on campaign. Tingzhi was made Senior General of the Dragon-Tiger Guard, Right Deputy Marshal, and Military Commissioner of the Chongyi Army; Shouxian became Military Commissioner and Inspector of the Linhai Army at Jinzhou; and his brother Shouzhong was made Commander-in-Chief of Hedong. The court saw all of Jin as a critical region where hearts were still unsettled, and only Shouxian could steady it. He was moved from Jinzhou to Commander-in-Chief of the Hedong South Circuit. When he arrived, the people of Hedong said, "Now we have someone we can live by."
26
歲戊子，朝于和林，加金紫光祿大夫，知平陽府事，兼本路兵馬都緫管。 庚寅，太宗南伐，道平陽，見田野不治，以問守賢，對曰：「民貧窘，乏耕具致然。」 詔給牛萬頭，仍徙關中生口墾地河東。 辛卯，平陽當移粟萬石輸雲中，守賢奏以「百姓疲敝，不任輓載」，帝嘉納之。 時河中未下，守賢建言，以為將士逗留沮撓，多所傷溺，臣請自北面鑿城先登。 如其言，城果下，遂搆浮橋。 明年，蒲津南濟潼關。 二月，大破趙雄兵于芮城。
In the wuzi year he attended court at Karakorum and was promoted to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, made Administrator of Pingyang Prefecture, and retained command of the circuit's forces. In the gengyin year Taizong marched south, passed through Pingyang, and saw the fields lying fallow. When he asked Shouxian, he answered, "The people are destitute and lack ploughs and oxen." An edict granted ten thousand oxen and moved settlers from Guanzhong to open farmland in Hedong. In the xinmao year Pingyang was ordered to ship ten thousand shi of grain to Yunzhong. Shouxian memorialized that the people were too exhausted to bear the transport burden, and the emperor approved. Hezhong still held out. Shouxian argued that the troops were stalling one another and drowning in futile assaults, and offered to tunnel through the north wall and be first over the parapet. He did as he promised, the city fell, and a pontoon bridge was thrown across the river. The next year he crossed the river at Pujin and drove south through Tong Pass. In the second month he routed Zhao Xiong's army at Ruicheng.
27
時方會師圍汴，留守賢屯嵩、汝。 金兵十餘萬，保少室山太平寨，守賢以三千人介其中，度其帥完顏延壽無守禦之才，癸巳正月望夕，延壽擊毬為嬉，守賢潛遣輕捷者數十人，緣崖蟻附以登，殺其守卒，遂大縱兵入，破之，下令禁無抄掠，悉收餘衆以歸。 不兩旬，連天、交牙、蘭若、香爐諸寨，皆望風俱下，守賢未嘗妄殺一人。 及攻河南，其渠魁強元帥者，以其衆出奔，守賢追及，降之。 秦藍帥王祐，聚衆數萬，據虢之南山，守賢使人責祐，祐素憚守賢威略，即以所部來附，關東、洛西遂定。 甲午冬十月卒，年四十六。
While the main armies converged on Bian, Shouxian was left to hold Song and Ru. More than a hundred thousand Jin troops held Taiping Stockade on Mount Shaoshi. Shouxian wedged three thousand men among them, judged their commander Wanyan Yanshou a poor defender, and on the full-moon night of the first guisi month, while Yanshou was playing ball for sport, sent dozens of agile climbers up the cliff like ants, killed the guards, and stormed the camp. He forbade looting and brought all the survivors back in order. Within twenty days the stockades at Liantian, Jiaoya, Lanruo, Xianglu, and elsewhere surrendered at the sight of his banners, and Shouxian never killed without cause. During the Henan campaign a bandit leader styled Strong Marshal fled with his followers. Shouxian overtook him and accepted his surrender. Wang You of the Qin-Lan commandery raised tens of thousands and held the southern hills of Guo. Shouxian sent envoys to rebuke him. You had long feared Shouxian's reputation and submitted with his entire force, and the lands east of the passes and west of Luo were pacified. He died in the tenth month of the jiawu year, aged forty-six.
28
子彀嗣。 歲丁酉，從太師塔海紺布征蜀漢，有功。 明年，攻碉門。 又明年，下萬州，會戰於瞿塘，獲戰艦千餘艘。 辛丑，朝行在所，授河東道行軍萬戶，兼緫管。 己巳，進兵攻成都，由廣元出葭萌，度木瓜坡。 蜀之餘孽團聚為梗，聞彀至，潛為伏以待。 彀諜知之，令衆銜枚疾進，出其不意，賊兵敗走，長驅至成都，破之。 壬子，襲嘉定。
His son Gou succeeded him. In the dingyou year he campaigned with Grand Preceptor Tahai Gunbu against Shu and Han and distinguished himself. The next year he attacked Diaomen. The year after that he took Wanzhou, fought at Qutang Gorge, and captured more than a thousand warships. In the xinchou year he attended the mobile court and was made Campaign Myriarch of the Hedong Circuit with concurrent overall command. In the jisi year he advanced on Chengdu, marched from Guangyuan through Jiameng, and crossed Mugua Slope. Shu loyalists had banded together to block his path. Hearing Gou was coming, they laid an ambush. Gou's scouts discovered the trap. He ordered a silent forced march, struck by surprise, routed the rebels, and swept on to storm Chengdu. In the renzi year he raided Jiading.
29
戊午秋，憲宗南伐。 己未，入梁州，師次江上，造舟為梁，以通援兵，且斷宋人往來之路。 會江漲，梁中絕，宋將率舟師萬艘逆戰，彀以一旅先犯之，諸軍繼進，遂破之。 明日，帝召謂諸將曰：「汝輩平日自負鷙勇，及臨敵，不能為朕立尺寸功。 獨李彀身犯矢石，摧鋒陷陣，視敵篾如，言勇者，如彀乃可耳。」 賜白金二百五十兩。 中統三年，改河東路緫管，佩金虎符，移京兆路，加昭勇大將軍，未幾，轉洺磁路。 至元七年正月卒，年四十九。 子十一人。 伯溫，見忠義傳。
In the autumn of the wuwu year Emperor Xianzong marched south. In the jiwei year he entered Liangzhou. The army halted on the river, built a pontoon bridge to bring up reinforcements, and cut Song communications. When the river rose the bridge broke. A Song general brought ten thousand warships to meet them. Gou led one brigade in the first assault, the rest of the army followed, and the Song fleet was shattered. The next day the emperor summoned his generals and said, "You boast of your fierceness every day, yet in battle you win me not a single inch of ground. Only Li Gou braved arrow and stone, broke the enemy line, and treated the foe like straw. When I speak of courage, I mean a man like Gou." He was awarded two hundred and fifty taels of white gold. In the third Zhongtong year he became Prefect of the Hedong Circuit with a golden tiger tally, was transferred to Jingzhao Circuit and promoted to Manifest Valor General, and soon after moved to the Luoci Circuit. He died in the first month of the seventh Zhiyuan year, aged forty-nine. He had eleven sons. Bowen is treated in the Biographies of Loyalty and Righteousness.
30
耶律阿海
Yelu Ahai
31
耶律阿海，遼之故族也。 金桓州尹撒八兒之孫，尚書奏事官脫迭兒之子也。 阿海天資雄毅，勇略過人，尤善騎射，通諸國語。 金季，選使王可汗，見太祖姿貌異常，因進言：「金國不治戎備，俗日侈肆，亡可立待。」 帝喜曰：「汝肯臣我，以何為信？」 阿海對曰：「願以子弟為質。」 明年，復出使，與弟禿花俱往，慰勞加厚，遂以禿花為質，直宿衛。 阿海得參預機謀，出入戰陣，常在左右。
Yelu Ahai belonged to an old Liao clan. He was grandson of Sabar, former Jin prefect of Huanzhou, and son of Tuodier, a memorial-presenting officer of the Ministry. Ahai was naturally bold and resolute, braver and shrewder than his peers, a superb horseman and archer who spoke many languages. Late in the Jin he was sent as envoy to Ong Khan. Struck by Taizu's extraordinary bearing, he said, "The Jin neglect their defenses, their customs grow more extravagant by the day, and their fall can come at any moment." Taizu was pleased and asked, "If you will serve me, what pledge will you give?" Ahai answered, "I will leave my younger kinsmen as hostages." The next year he went out again with his brother Tuhua. Taizu received them with exceptional favor and kept Tuhua as hostage in the palace guard. Ahai took part in secret councils, fought in every campaign, and was constantly at Taizu's side.
32
歲壬戌，王可汗叛盟，謀襲太祖。 太祖與宗親大臣同休戚者，飲辨屯河水為盟，阿海兄弟皆預焉。 既敗王可汗，金人訝其使久不還，拘家屬于瀛。 阿海殊不介意，攻戰愈厲，帝聞之，妻以貴臣之女，給戶，俾食其賦。 癸亥冬，進攻西夏諸國，累有功。
In the renxu year Ong Khan broke the alliance and plotted to ambush Taizu. Taizu and the kinsmen and ministers who shared his fortunes drank the waters of the Onon and Kerulen in covenant, and the Ahai brothers were among them. After Ong Khan's defeat the Jin wondered why their envoy had not returned and detained his family at Ying. Ahai paid no heed and fought all the harder. When Taizu heard of it, he gave Ahai a noble's daughter in marriage, granted him households, and let him live on their taxes. In the winter of the guihai year he campaigned against Western Xia and won repeated distinction.
33
丙寅，帝建龍旂，即大位，敕左帥闍別略地漢南，阿海為先鋒。 辛未，破烏沙堡，鏖戰宣平，大捷澮河，遂出居庸，耀兵燕北。 癸酉，拔宣德、德興，乘勝次北口，闍別攻下紫荊關。 阿海奏曰：「好生乃聖人之大德也。 興創之始，願止殺掠，以應天心。」 帝嘉納焉。 遂分兵略燕南、山東諸郡，還駐燕之近郊。 金主懼，請和，諭其使曰：「阿海妻子，何故拘繫弗遣？」 即送來歸。 師還，出塞。
In the bingyin year Taizu raised the dragon banner and took the throne. He ordered the left commander Jebe to overrun the lands south of the Han and made Ahai his vanguard. In the xinwei year he stormed Wusha Fort, fought fiercely at Xuanping, won a great victory on the Hui River, passed through Juyong, and displayed his strength across northern Yan. In the guiyou year he took Xuande and Dexing, pressed on to Beikou, and Jebe captured Zijing Pass. Ahai memorialized, "Cherishing life is the supreme virtue of the sage. At the founding of the realm, I beg that killing and plunder be halted to answer Heaven's will." Taizu praised and accepted his counsel. The army then overran the prefectures of southern Yan and Shandong and returned to camp near Yan's capital. The Jin ruler, afraid, sued for peace and told his envoy, "Why are Ahai's wife and children still detained?" They were sent back at once. The army withdrew beyond the frontier passes.
34
甲戌，金人走汴，阿海以功拜太師，行中書省事； 封禿花為太傅、濮國公，每宴享，必賜坐。 命禿花從木華黎取中原。 阿海從帝攻西域，俘其酋長只闌禿，下蒲華、尋斯干等城，留監尋斯干，專任撫綏之責。 未幾，以疾薨于位，年七十三。 至元十年，追封忠武公。
In the jiaxu year the Jin fled to Bian. For his merit Ahai was made Grand Preceptor with acting charge of Central Secretariat affairs; Tuhua was enfeoffed as Grand Tutor and Duke of Pu, and at every feast was given a seat of honor. Tuhua was ordered to follow Muqali in conquering the Central Plain. Ahai followed Taizu west, captured the chieftain Zhalantu, took Buhua, Xingsigan, and other cities, and remained at Xingsigan with sole charge of pacification. He soon died of illness in office, aged seventy-three. In the tenth Zhiyuan year he was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Loyal Valor.
35
子三人：長忙古台，次綿思哥，次捏兒哥。 忙古台在太祖時，為御史大夫，佩虎符，監戰左副元帥官、金紫光祿大夫，管領契丹漢軍，守中都，招安水泊等處，卒，無子。 捏兒哥在太祖時，佩虎符，為右丞，行省遼東。 萬奴叛，舉家遇害。 綿思哥襲太師，監尋斯干城，久之，請還內郡，守中都路也可達魯花赤，佩虎符，卒。
He had three sons: Mangutai, Miansige, and Nierge. Under Taizu, Mangutai was Censor-in-Chief with a tiger tally, supervised the Left Deputy Marshal in battle, commanded Khitan and Han forces, garrisoned Zhongdu, pacified the marshlands, died without issue. Under Taizu, Nierge bore a tiger tally, served as Right Chancellor of the Liaodong Branch Secretariat. When Wannu rebelled, his entire family was slaughtered. Miansige inherited the Grand Preceptorship and oversaw Xingsigan. Long afterward he asked to return inland, served as yeke darughachi of Zhongdu Circuit with a tiger tally, and died.
36
子二人：買哥，通諸國語，太祖時為奉御，賜只孫服，襲其父中都之職。 時供億浩繁，屢貸于民，買哥悉以私帑償之，事聞，賜銀萬兩。 戊午，從攻蜀，師次釣魚山，卒于軍。 妻移剌氏，以哀毀卒，特贈貞靜。 子七人：老哥，歷提刑按察使，入為中書左丞。 驢馬，備宿衛，為必闍赤，仕至右衛親軍都指揮使。 至元二十四年，世祖宴于柳林，命驢馬居其父位次，賜只孫服。 二十五年，戍哈丹禿，有戰功，以老乞骸骨。 子六人：五臺奴，襲職； 拔都兒，中書右丞； 文謙，興國路緫管； 卜花，早卒； 蒙古不花，荊湖北道宣慰使； 虎都不花，一名文炳，湖州同知； 萬奴，為人匠副緫管。
He had two sons. Maige spoke many languages, served Taizu as an attendant, was granted zisun robes, and inherited his father's post at Zhongdu. Supplies were heavy and the government repeatedly borrowed from the people. Maige repaid every debt from his private purse. When the court heard of it, he was awarded ten thousand taels of silver. In the wuwu year he campaigned against Shu. The army halted at Diaoyu Mountain and he died in camp. His wife of the Yila clan died of grief and was posthumously titled Chaste and Tranquil. He had seven sons. Laoge rose from Surveillance Commissioner of Punitive Investigation to Left Associate Administrator of the Central Secretariat. Lüma served in the palace guard as a bitchigchi and rose to Commander of the Right Guard's Personal Army. In the twenty-fourth Zhiyuan year Shizu feasted at Willow Grove, seated Lüma in his father's place, and granted him zisun robes. In the twenty-fifth year he garrisoned Hadantu, won distinction in battle, and retired on grounds of age. He had six sons: Wutainu inherited his office; Badu'er became Right Associate Administrator of the Central Secretariat; Wenqian, Prefect of Xingguo Circuit; Buhua died young; Menggubuhua, Pacification Commissioner of the Jinghu North Circuit; Hudubuhua, also called Wenbing, Vice Prefect of Huzhou; Wannu, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Artisans.
37
何實字誠卿，其先北京人。 曾祖摶霄，雄於貲，好施與，鄉里以善人稱。 祖鼎敬。 父道忠，仕金，為北京留守。
He Shi, styled Qingqing, came of a Beijing family. His great-grandfather Tuanxiao was wealthy and generous, and neighbors knew him as a man of virtue. His grandfather was Dingjing. His father Daozhong served the Jin dynasty as garrison commander of Beijing.
38
實少孤，依叔父居，氣節不凡，家人常入卧內，見一青蛇蜿蜒衣被中，駭而視之，乃實也。 及長，通諸國譯語，驍勇善騎射，倜儻不羈，遠近之民，慕其雄略，咸歸心焉。
He Shi was orphaned young and raised by his uncle. Even as a boy his bearing was extraordinary. Household members once entered his chamber and saw what looked like a green serpent coiled in the bedding; terrified, they looked again—it was only Shi himself. As an adult he mastered the languages of many countries, fought with courage, excelled at horse and bow, and carried himself with bold independence. People near and far admired his strategic mind, and many rallied to him.
39
歲乙亥，中原盜起。 錦州張鯨，自立為臨海郡王，遣使納款于太祖，尋以叛伏誅。 鯨弟致，初以叛謀於實，實厲聲叱曰：「天之曆數在朔方，汝等恣為不軌，徒自斃耳。」 乃籍戶口一萬，募兵三千，丙子春，來歸。 大將木華黎與論兵事，奇變百出，拊髀欣躍，大加稱賞，遂引見太祖，獻軍民之數。 帝大悅，賜鞘劍一，命從木華黎選充前鋒。
In the yihai year rebellion broke out across the Central Plain. Zhang Jing of Jinzhou declared himself Prince of Linhai and sent envoys to submit to Taizu; he was soon executed after rebelling again. Zhang Jing's younger brother Zhi first tried to draw Shi into rebellion. Shi rebuked him sharply: "Heaven's mandate rests with the north. If you persist in treason, you will only bring death on yourselves." Thereupon he registered ten thousand households, raised three thousand soldiers, and in the spring of bingzi submitted to the Mongols. When General Muqali discussed strategy with him, Shi unfolded plan after ingenious plan. Muqali slapped his thigh and leaped up in delight, praising him lavishly. He then presented Shi to Taizu and reported the numbers of soldiers and civilians under his command. The emperor was delighted, bestowed a sheathed sword, and ordered him to serve under Muqali on the vanguard.
40
時張致復據錦州，實與賊遇於神水縣，挺身陷陣，殊死戰，殺三百餘人，獲戰馬兵械甚衆，木華黎奏賜鞍馬弓矢以勵之。 以功，為帳前軍馬都彈壓。 詔封木華黎太師、國王，東下齊數郡。 使實帥師四千，取燕南、齊西之地，首擊邢州，徇趙郡，取魏鄴，下博關，襲曹、濮、恩、德、泰安、濟寧，勢如破竹。 薄濰州，與木華黎會。 遷兵馬都鎮撫，從取大同、雁門、石、隰等州，悉平之。 引兵掠太原、平陽、河中、京兆諸城，所向款附。 木華黎錄其功，表實為元帥左監軍。
When Zhang Zhi seized Jinzhou again, Shi met the rebels at Shenshui County. He plunged into the fray and fought desperately, killing more than three hundred men and capturing many horses and arms. Muqali memorialized for saddles, horses, bows, and arrows to honor him. For this service he was made Commander-in-Chief of the Vanguard Horse and Army. An edict made Muqali Grand Preceptor and Prince, and he marched east against several prefectures of Qi. Shi was ordered to lead four thousand men to conquer southern Yan and western Qi. He struck Xingzhou first, swept through Zhao Commandery, took Weiye, seized Boguan, and stormed Cao, Pu, En, De, Tai'an, and Jining—advancing as if splitting bamboo. He pressed toward Weizhou and rendezvoused with Muqali. He was promoted to Commander-and-Pacifier of Horse and Army and helped capture Datong, Yanmen, Shi, Xi, and other prefectures, reducing them all. He led his army through Taiyuan, Pingyang, Hezhong, Jingzhao, and other cities; wherever he marched, towns submitted. Muqali credited his achievements and recommended him as Left Supervisor of the Marshal.
41
癸未，木華黎卒，子孛魯嗣。 武仙復叛，據邢。 實帥師五千圍之，立雲梯，先士卒登堞，橫槊突之，城破，武仙走，逐北四十里，大破之，斬首二百餘級，是夜，仙黨遁去。 實下令，敢有擅剽掠者斬，軍中肅然，士民按堵。 孛魯命戍于邢，多著善政，邢民敬之如神明。 甲申，孛魯征西夏，以實分兵攻汴、陳、蔡、唐、鄧、許、鈞、睢、鄭、亳、潁，所至有功，計梟首一千五百餘級，俘工匠七百餘人。 孛魯復命駐兵邢州，分織匠五百戶，置局課織。
In guiwei Muqali died, and his son Bolu succeeded him. Wu Xian rebelled again and seized Xingzhou. Shi besieged the city with five thousand men. He had scaling ladders raised and was first over the wall, spear leveled as he charged inside. The city fell and Wu Xian fled. Shi pursued north for forty li and routed the enemy, taking more than two hundred heads. That night Wu Xian's followers dispersed. Shi ordered that unauthorized looting was punishable by death. The army kept strict discipline, and the people lived undisturbed. Bolu posted him at Xingzhou, where he governed well; the people of Xing revered him as if he were divine. In jiashen Bolu marched against Western Xia and sent Shi with detached columns against Bian, Chen, Cai, Tang, Deng, Xu, Jun, Sui, Zheng, Bo, and Ying. He won success wherever he fought, taking more than fifteen hundred heads and capturing more than seven hundred artisans. Bolu then ordered him back to Xingzhou, allocated five hundred weaving households, and set up an office to supervise textile production.
42
丁亥，賜金虎符，便宜行元帥府事，邢因武仙之亂，歲屢饑，請移匠局于博，孛魯從之。 憫其勞瘁，使勿出征，更檄東平嚴實，與之分治軍民事。 博值兵火後，物貨不通，實以絲數印置會子，權行一方，民獲貿遷之利。 庚寅，有旨收諸將金符。 乙未，孛魯以實子仲澤為質子。
In dinghai he received a gold tiger tally and discretionary authority over the marshal's bureau. Xingzhou had suffered famine year after year since Wu Xian's revolt, so he asked to move the artisan bureau to Bo; Bolu agreed. Concerned for his exhaustion, Bolu excused him from further campaigns and ordered Yan Shi of Dongping to share civil and military administration with him. After the wars, Bo's markets had collapsed. Shi issued local notes backed by silk and kept them in circulation, restoring trade and easing the people's livelihood. In gengyin an imperial order came to recall the generals' gold tallies. In yiwei Bolu took Shi's son Zhongze as a hostage prince.
43
丁酉，太宗數召入見，實貢金幣紋綺三篚。 次陵州，遇寇，實與左右射之，斃二十餘人，生獲十餘人。 朝于幄殿，帝歡甚，問遇盜之故，命所獲寇勿殺，仍以賜實。 是日，賜坐，與論軍中故事，良久，曰：「思卿效力有年，朕欲授以征行元帥，後當重任。」 實叩頭謝曰︰「小臣被堅執銳，從事鋒鏑二十餘年，身被十餘槍，右臂不能舉，已為廢人矣。 臣不敢辱命。 願辭監軍之職，幸得元佩金符，督治工匠，歲獻織幣，優游以終其身，於臣足矣。」 帝默然不悅，令射以觀其強弱，實不能射。 命入宿衛，密使人覘之，實臂果不能舉。 固辭十餘，始可其奏。 遂錫宴，取金符親賜之，授以漢字宣命，充御用局人匠達魯花赤，子孫世其爵。 更賜白貂帽、減鐵繫腰、貂衣一襲、弓一、矢百，遣歸。 丁巳，卒于博。
In dingyou Taizong repeatedly summoned him to court, and Shi presented three cases of gold, coin, and brocade. At Lingzhou he was ambushed by bandits. Shi and his escorts shot back, killing more than twenty and taking more than ten alive. At court in the imperial tent the emperor was delighted. When he asked about the ambush, he ordered the captives spared and presented them to Shi as a gift. That day he was given a seat and they talked at length of old campaigns. The emperor said, "You have served me well for many years. I mean to make you Campaign Marshal, with great duties ahead." Shi kowtowed and refused: "Your servant has worn armor and fought in the front ranks for more than twenty years. I have taken more than ten spear wounds; my right arm will not lift. I am good for nothing now. I dare not accept so great a charge. I ask only to leave the supervisory post, receive a gold tally as chief overseer of artisans, submit woven tribute each year, and live out my days in peace. That would be enough for me." The emperor fell silent, displeased, and ordered him to shoot to test his strength. Shi could not draw the bow. He was assigned to palace guard duty while agents were secretly sent to watch him. Shi's arm truly would not lift. Only after he refused ten times over did the court accept his request. A feast followed. The emperor personally handed him the gold tally and issued a Chinese commission appointing him darughachi of the Imperial Artisans Bureau—a post his descendants were to inherit. He was also given a white sable hat, an iron belt clasp, a sable robe, a bow, and a hundred arrows, then sent home. In dingsi he died at Bo.
44
子九人，孫十七人。 子崇禮，授應奉翰林文字、從仕郎、同知制誥兼國史院編修官。
He left nine sons and seventeen grandsons. His son Chongli was made Hanlin Drafting Attendant, Junior Service Gentleman, Associate Director of Edicts, and Compiler at the National History Academy.
45
郝和尚拔都
Haoheshangbadou
46
郝和尚拔都，太原人，以小字行。 幼為蒙古兵所掠，在郡王迄忒麾下，長通譯語，善騎射。 太祖遣使宋，往返數四，以辯稱。
Haoheshangbadou was from Taiyuan and was known by his childhood name. Captured by Mongol soldiers as a boy, he grew up in the household of Prince Qite, mastered the interpreters' languages, and became adept at horse and bow. When Taizu dispatched envoys to the Song, he made the journey repeatedly and earned renown for his eloquence.
47
歲戊子，以為九原府主帥，佩金符。 庚寅，率兵南伐，略地潼、陝，有功。 辛卯，授行軍千戶。 乙未，從皇子南伐，至襄陽，宋兵四十萬逆戰漢水上。 領先鋒數百人，直前衝其陣，宋兵大潰。 丙申，從都元帥塔海征蜀，下興元，宋將王連以重兵守劍閣。 乃募敢死士十二人，乘夜破關，入蜀，諸城悉下。 明年，取夔府，抵大江，宋兵三十萬軍於南岸。 郝和尚拔都選饒勇九人，乘輕舸先登，橫馳陣中，既出復入，宋兵不能支，由是以善戰名。
In the wuzi year he was appointed commander of Jiuyuan Prefecture with a gold tally. In gengyin he led a southern campaign, captured territory in Tong and Shan, and won distinction. In xinmao he was made a campaign thousand-household commander. In yiwei he followed an imperial prince south to Xiangyang, where four hundred thousand Song soldiers blocked them on the Han River. At the head of several hundred vanguard troops he drove straight into the enemy line, and the Song army collapsed. In bingshen he marched under Commander-in-Chief Tahai into Shu, captured Xingyuan, and faced Song general Wang Lian, who held Jian'ge Pass with a large force. He enlisted twelve volunteers for a death-or-glory assault, broke the pass by night, entered Shu, and reduced every city in their path. The next year he took Kuizhou and reached the Yangtze, where three hundred thousand Song troops stood on the south bank. Haoheshangbadou picked nine of his fiercest men, crossed first in light boats, and charged back and forth through the enemy ranks. The Song line could not hold, and from then on he was famed as a master of war.
48
庚子歲，太宗於行在所命解衣數其瘡痕二十一，嘉其勞，進拜宣德西京太原平陽延安五路萬戶，易佩金虎符，以兵二萬屬之，復賜馬六騎、金錦弓鎧有差。 甲辰，朝定宗於宿瓮都之行宮，賜銀萬鋌，辭以「賞過厚，臣不應獨受，臣得效微勞，皆將校協力之功」，遂奏將校劉天祿等十一人，皆賜之金銀符。
In gengzi, at campaign headquarters, Taizong had him strip and counted twenty-one scars on his body. Praising his long service, he promoted him to ten-thousand-household commander over the five circuits of Xuande, Xijing, Taiyuan, Pingyang, and Yan'an, replaced his tally with a gold tiger tally, placed twenty thousand troops under his command, and granted six horses plus gold, brocade, bow, and armor in due measure. In jiachen he presented himself to Dingzong at the Suwendo palace and was awarded ten thousand ingots of silver. He declined: "This reward is too great for me alone. Any merit I earned belongs to my officers as well." He then named eleven commanders, including Liu Tianlu, and each received a gold or silver tally.
49
戊申，奉詔還治太原，請凡遠道租稅監課過重者，悉蠲除之。 歲饑，出白金六十鋌、粟千石、羊數千，以助國用。 己酉，陞萬戶府為河東北路行省，得以便宜從事，凡四年。 壬子三月，卒。 追贈太保、儀同三司、冀國公，諡忠定。
In wushen he returned by imperial order to govern Taiyuan and petitioned for the remission of oppressive tax levies on distant districts. During a famine he donated sixty ingots of silver, a thousand shi of grain, and several thousand sheep to help supply the state. In jiyou his ten-thousand-household command was upgraded to the Hedong North Circuit Branch Secretariat, with discretionary authority, which he held for four years. He died in the third month of renzi. Posthumously he was made Grand Mentor, accorded third-rank honors, and enfeoffed as Duke of Ji with the posthumous name Loyal and Steadfast.
50
子十二人：長天益，佩金符，太原路軍民萬戶都緫管； 次仲威，襲五路萬戶； 扎剌不花，鎮蠻都元帥、軍民宣慰使； 天舉，大都路緫管，兼府尹； 天祐，陝西奧魯萬戶； 天澤，夔州路緫管； 天麟，京兆等路諸軍奧魯萬戶； 天挺，河南江北行中書省平章政事。
He had twelve sons. The eldest, Tianyi, bore a gold tally as Commander-in-Chief of civil and military affairs of the Taiyuan ten-thousand-household command; Zhongwei, the second, inherited the five-circuit ten-thousand-household post; Zhala Buhua served as Marshal of Zhenman Capital and Pacification Commissioner; Tianju was Prefect of Dadu Circuit and concurrently Prefectural Governor; Tianyou was ten-thousand-household commander of the Shaanxi ortogh; Tianze, Prefect of Kuizhou Circuit; Tianlin was ten-thousand-household commander of the Jingzhao ortogh forces; Tingting rose to Pingzhang of the Henan and Jiangbei Branch Secretariat.
51
趙瑨，雲中蔚州人。 父昆，仕金為帥府評事。 兄珪，以萬戶守飛狐城。 歲庚午，昆卒，珪輦其母如蠡州，留瑨於飛狐。
Zhao Jin was from Weizhou in Yunzhong. His father Kun served the Jin as an assessor in the marshal's bureau. His elder brother Gui held Feihu City as a ten-thousand-household commander. In gengwu their father Kun died. Gui took their mother to Lizhou and left Jin at Feihu.
52
瑨自幼不羈，閑習武事。 癸酉，太祖南伐，先鋒至飛狐，城中不知所為。 瑨詣縣曰：「大兵壓境，不降何待！」 衆從之。 丁丑，太師、國王木華黎駐兵桓州，署為百戶，從攻蠡州。 金兵閉城拒守，國王裨將石抹也先戰死，王怒，將屠其城，瑨泣曰：「母與兄在城中，乞以一身贖一城之命。」 哀懇切至，國王義而許之。 從攻相州，抵其門，死士突出，瑨直前擊之，流矢中鼻側，鏃出腦後，拔矢再戰，七日破其城。 論功，授冀州行軍都元帥，佩金虎符。 瑨讓其兄珪，朝廷從之，改授瑨軍民緫管，稍遷易州達魯花赤，佩金符。 太宗下河南，瑨自易州馳驛輸矢二十餘萬至行在，帝大喜，命權中都省事。 癸巳，趙、揚據興州叛，瑨進軍平之，遷中山、真定二路達魯花赤。
From boyhood Jin was wild-spirited and trained himself in arms. In guiyou Taizu marched south. When the vanguard reached Feihu, the city was paralyzed with indecision. Jin went to the county magistrate and said, "The Mongols are at the gates. What point is there in delay?" The people agreed, and the city submitted. In dingchou Grand Preceptor and Prince Muqali camped at Huanzhou, appointed him a hundred-household commander, and took him against Lizhou. The Jin garrison barred the gates. Prince Muqali's lieutenant Shimoyexian was killed in the assault, and the prince, enraged, prepared to slaughter the city. Jin wept and pleaded: "My mother and brother are inside. Let my life redeem the whole city." His appeal was so heartfelt that the prince, honoring his plea, spared the city. At the assault on Xiangzhou he reached the gate when enemy dare-to-die troops sallied forth. He charged to meet them and took an arrow through the side of his nose—the point emerging at the back of his head. He pulled it out and fought on, and the city fell in seven days. For his service he was made Campaign Commander-in-Chief of Jizhou with a gold tiger tally. Jin yielded the post to his elder brother Gui, and the court agreed. Jin was instead made civil and military commander, later promoted to darughachi of Yizhou with a gold tally. When Taizong marched into Henan, Jin rushed from Yizhou by post relay with more than two hundred thousand arrows for the imperial camp. The emperor was delighted and made him provisional administrator of the Zhongdu Secretariat. In guisi Zhao and Yang seized Xingzhou and rebelled. Jin marched against them and restored order, then was made darughachi of the Zhongshan and Zhending circuits.
53
秉溫，事世祖潛邸，命受學於太保劉秉忠，從征吐蕃、雲南大理。 中統初，詔行右三部事。 至元七年，創習朝儀，閱試稱旨，授尚書禮部侍郎、知侍儀司事。 明年，授祕事少監，購求天下祕書。 十九年，遷昭文館大學士、知太史院侍儀司事。 授時曆成，賜鈔二百錠，進階中奉大夫。 二十九年，編國朝集禮成，帝特命其子慧襲侍儀使。 皇慶元年，贈金紫光祿大夫、司徒、雲國公，諡文昭。 子慧，後仕至昭文館大學士。
His son Bingwen served Kublai while he was still heir apparent. Ordered to study under Grand Mentor Liu Bingzhong, he campaigned in Tibet, Yunnan, and Dali. At the opening of the Zhongtong era he was ordered to oversee the three right departments. In the seventh Zhiyuan year he helped establish court ceremonial. When the rehearsal met imperial approval, he was made Vice Minister of Rites and put in charge of the Ceremonial Service. The next year he became Junior Supervisor of Secret Affairs and was charged with acquiring rare books throughout the empire. In the nineteenth year he was promoted to Grand Academician of the Hall of Literary Brilliance and put in charge of both the Astronomical Bureau and the Ceremonial Service. When the Shoushi Calendar was finished, he received two hundred ingots of paper money and was promoted to Grand Master of Central Submission. In the twenty-ninth year, when the Collected Rites of the Dynasty was completed, the emperor ordered his son Hui to inherit the office of Ceremonial Commissioner. In the first Huangqing year he was posthumously made Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, Minister of Education, and Duke of Yun, with the posthumous name Cultured and Illustrious. His son Hui later rose to Grand Academician of the Hall of Literary Brilliance.
54
石抹明安
Shimomingan
55
石抹明安，桓州人。 性寬厚，不拘小節。 為童子時，嘗騎杖為馬，令群兒前導，行列整肅，無敢喧譁者，父老見而異之，曰：「是兒體貌不凡，進退有度，他日必貴。」 既長，歎曰：「士生于世，當立功名、書竹帛，以傳無窮，寧肯碌碌無聞，與草木同腐邪！」
Shimomingan was a native of Huanzhou. He was by nature generous and easygoing, untroubled by minor proprieties. As a boy he once pretended a staff was a horse and had the other children march ahead as his escort—their lines were crisp and no one dared raise a shout. The elders who saw it marveled and said, "This child has an uncommon presence and measures his steps; he will rise high one day." When he grew up he sighed and said, "A man born into this world should win glory and have his deeds set down in the histories to live forever—who would choose to pass unnoticed and moulder like grass and wood?"
56
歲壬申，太祖率師攻破金之撫州，將遂南向，金主命招討紇石烈九斤來援，時明安在其麾下，九斤謂之曰：「汝嘗使北方，素識蒙古國主，其往臨陣，問以舉兵之由，不然即詬之。」 明安初如所教，俄策馬來降，帝命縛以俟戰畢問之。 既敗金兵，召明安詰之曰：「爾何以詈我而後降也？」 對曰：「臣素有歸志，向為九斤所使，恐其見疑，故如所言。 不爾，何由瞻奉天顏？」 帝善其言，釋之，命領蒙古軍，撫定雲中東西兩路。
In the renshen year Taizu smashed Jin's Fuzhou and prepared to march south. The Jin emperor sent Pacification Commissioner Heishilie Jiuqin to relieve the situation. Ming'an served under him at the time. Jiuqin told him, "You have been envoy to the north and know the Mongol ruler well—ride to the front and ask why he has taken up arms; if he will not answer, revile him instead." Ming'an began as he was told, then suddenly wheeled his horse and defected. The Emperor had him bound to await questioning after the battle. Once the Jin force was broken, the Emperor called Ming'an before him and demanded, "Why did you curse me before you came over?" He answered, "I have long wished to submit. Jiuqin had ordered me out; I feared he would suspect me if I did otherwise, so I spoke as he bid. Otherwise how could I ever have looked upon your face?" The Emperor was pleased with his answer, freed him, and put him in command of Mongol forces to pacify eastern and western Yunzhong.
57
既而帝欲休兵於北，明安諫曰：「金有天下一十七路，今我所得，惟云中東西兩路而已，若置不問，待彼成謀，併力而來，則難敵矣。 且山前民庶，久不知兵，今以重兵臨之，傳檄可定，兵貴神速，豈宜猶豫！」 帝從之。 即命明安引兵南進，所至，民皆具簞食壺漿以迎，盡有河北諸郡而還。 帝復命明安及三合拔都，將兵由古北口徇景、薊、檀、順諸州。 諸將議欲屠之，明安奏曰：「此輩當死，今若生之，則彼之未附者，皆聞風而自至矣。」 帝從之。
The Emperor soon wanted to rest the army in the north. Ming'an urged against it: "Jin rules seventeen circuits; we hold only Yunzhong east and west. If we ignore the rest while they gather their forces and strike together, we will be overwhelmed. And the people beyond the mountains have hardly seen war in years—a heavy force and a written summons could bring them in at once. Speed is everything in war—why delay!" The Emperor agreed. He sent Ming'an south at once. Everywhere the people came out with food and drink to greet him. He secured the Hebei commanderies and marched back. The Emperor then ordered Ming'an and Sanhebadu to march through Gubeikou and subdue Jing, Ji, Tan, and Shun prefectures. The generals wanted to massacre them. Ming'an argued, "They deserve death—but if we let them live, every holdout will hear of it and surrender on his own." The Emperor accepted this.
58
乙亥春正月，取通州，金右副元帥蒲察七斤，以其衆降，明安命復其職，置之麾下，遂駐軍于京南建春宮。 金御史中丞李英、元帥左都監烏古論慶壽，領兵護軍食，以援中都。 帝遣右副元帥神撒，將四百騎迎戰，明安將五百騎繼之，遇于永清，將戰，命士卒佯敗，金兵來追，迴擊，大破之，死及溺水者甚衆，獲李英及所佩虎符，得糧千餘車。 遂招諭永清，不降，拔而屠之。 未幾，金將完顏合住、監軍阿興鬆哥，復以步兵萬二千人、糧車五百兩援中都。 明安復將三千騎往擊之，遇于涿州宣封寨，獲鬆哥，合住遁去，盡得其輜重，還屯建春宮。 四月，攻萬寧宮，克之； 取富昌、豐宜二關，攻拔固安縣。
In the first month of spring, yihai, they seized Tongzhou. Jin's Right Vice Marshal Pucha Qijin submitted with his men. Ming'an reinstated him and kept him in his own command, then encamped south of the capital at Jianchun Palace. Jin Censor-in-Chief Li Ying and Left Commander-in-Chief Wugulun Qingshou marched to convoy army grain to relieve Zhongdu. The Emperor sent Right Vice Marshal Shensa with four hundred cavalry to intercept them; Ming'an followed with five hundred. At Yongqing, on the eve of battle, he ordered his men to feign retreat. When the Jin force pursued, he swung about and crushed them—many were killed or drowned. Li Ying was taken along with his tiger tally, and they seized more than a thousand grain carts. He called on Yongqing to yield; when it refused, he stormed it and put it to the sword. Shortly after, Jin generals Wanyan Hezhu and Superintendent A-xing Songge marched again with twelve thousand infantry and five hundred grain wagons to relieve Zhongdu. Ming'an rode out again with three thousand cavalry and met them at Xuanfeng Stockade near Zhuozhou. Songge was captured, Hezhu escaped, and they seized the entire supply train before returning to Jianchun Palace. In the fourth month they stormed Wanning Palace and took it; They seized the Fuchang and Fengyi passes and captured Gu'an County.
59
初，順州之破，兵士縛密雲主簿完顏壽孫以獻，明安釋而用之，不久，逸去復來，問其故，對曰：「有老父在城中，恐不能存，謀歸，欲得侍養，今已歿，故復來。」 明安義而釋之。 五月，明安將攻中都，金相完顏復興飲藥死。 辛酉，城中官屬父老緇素，開門請降，明安諭之曰：「負固不服，以至此極，非汝等罪，守者之責也。」 悉令安業，仍以粟賑之，衆皆感悅。
When Shunzhou fell, soldiers had bound Miyun Registrar Wanyan Shousun and brought him in. Ming'an freed him and put him to use. He soon slipped away and then returned. Asked why, he said, "My old father was still in the city and I feared for his life. I went back to care for him. He has since died, so I have returned." Ming'an admired his filial duty and let him go. In the fifth month, as Ming'an prepared to assault Zhongdu, Jin Chancellor Wanyan Fuxing took poison and died. On xinyou day the city's officials, elders, clergy, and common people opened the gates and sought surrender. Ming'an told them, "Your stubborn defense brought you to this pass—the fault lies with those who held the walls, not with you." He let everyone return to their livelihoods and distributed grain among them; the people were deeply grateful.
60
明安早從軍旅，料敵制勝，筭無遺策，雖祁寒盛暑，未嘗不與士卒均勞逸，同甘苦。 其得金府庫珠玉錦綺，明安悉具其數上進，未嘗以纖毫為己有。 中都既下，加太傅、邵國公，兼管蒙古漢軍兵馬都元帥。 丙子，以疾卒于燕城，年五十三。
Ming'an had soldiered from youth onward. He read the enemy flawlessly and never missed a stratagem. Through freezing winter and scorching summer he always shared the soldiers' labors and hardships. When Jin treasuries yielded pearls, jade, brocade, and silk, he inventoried every piece and sent it up—never keeping so much as a thread for himself. After Zhongdu fell he was made Grand Tutor and Duke of Shao, with overall command of Mongol and Han forces. In the bingzi year he died of illness in Yan at fifty-three.
61
子二人：長咸得不，襲職為燕京行省。 次忽篤華，太宗時，為金紫光祿大夫、燕京等處行尚書省事，兼蒙古漢軍兵馬都元帥。
He had two sons—the elder, Xiandebude, inherited his office as head of the Yanjing Branch Secretariat. The younger, Huduhua, under Taizong served as Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, head of the Yanjing Branch Secretariat, and Grand Marshal of Mongol and Han forces.
62
張榮字世輝，濟南歷城人，狀貌奇偉。 嘗從軍，為流矢貫眥，拔之不出，令人以足抵其額而拔之，神色自若。 金季，山東群盜蜂起，榮率鄉民據濟南黌堂嶺，衆稍盛，遂略章丘、鄒平、濟陽、長山、辛市、蒲臺、新城及淄州之地而有之，兵至，則清野入山。
Zhang Rong, courtesy name Shihui, was from Licheng in Jinan—a man of striking size and presence. Once in battle a stray arrow drove through the corner of his eye. When it would not come free, he had a man pin his head with a foot and yank the shaft out—his face never changed. In Jin's last years bandits swarmed across Shandong. Rong rallied his neighbors on Huangtang Ridge outside Jinan, gathered strength, and seized Zhangqiu, Zouping, Jiyang, Changshan, Xinshi, Putai, Xincheng, and Zizhou. Whenever an army marched against him, he stripped the land bare and retreated into the hills.
63
歲丙戌，東平、順天皆內屬，榮遂舉其兵與地，納款於按赤台那衍，引見太祖，問以孤軍數載，獨抗王師之故，對曰：「山東地廣人稠，悉為帝有。 臣若但有倚恃，亦不款服。」 太祖壯之，拊其背曰：「真賽因八都兒也。」 授金紫光祿大夫、山東行尚書省，兼兵馬都元帥，知濟南府事。 時貿易用銀，民爭發墓劫取，榮下令禁絕。
In bingxu, as Dongping and Shuntian submitted, Rong surrendered his troops and territory to A-chitanaiyan and was presented to Taizu. Asked why he had held out alone for years against the imperial armies, he said, "Shandong is broad and populous—and all of it is yours. If I had had anyone left to lean on, I would never have yielded." Taizu was impressed and slapped his back: "A true sa'in bagatur!" He was made Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, head of the Shandong Branch Secretariat and Grand Marshal, with charge of Jinan Prefecture. Trade then ran on silver, and people were robbing graves to get it. Rong outlawed the practice entirely.
64
庚寅，朝廷集諸侯議取汴，榮請先六軍以清蹕道，帝嘉之，賜衣三襲，詔位諸侯上。 辛卯，軍至河上，榮率死士宵濟，守者潰。 詰旦，敵兵整陣至，榮馳之，望風披靡，奪戰船五十艘，麾抵北岸，濟師，衆軍繼進，乘勝破張、盤二山寨，俘獲萬餘，大將阿朮魯恐生變，欲盡殺之，榮力爭而止。 癸巳，汴梁下，從阿朮魯為先鋒，攻睢陽，議欲殺俘虜，烹其油以灌城，又力止之。 既而城下，榮單騎入城撫其民。 甲午，攻沛，沛拒守稍嚴，其將唆蛾夜來擣營，榮覺之，唆蛾返走，率壯士追殺之，乘勝急攻，城破。 就攻徐州，守將國用安引兵突出，榮逆擊之，亦破其城，用安赴水死。 乙未，拔邳州。 丙申，從諸王闊端破宋棗陽、仇城等三縣。
In gengyin the court gathered the princes to plan the conquest of Bian. Rong volunteered to lead the vanguard and clear the imperial route. The Emperor praised him, granted three sets of robes, and ranked him above the other feudatories. In xinmao the army reached the Yellow River. Rong took picked men across by night and broke the defenders. At dawn the enemy came in battle order. Rong charged them and they broke at once. He seized fifty warboats, ferried his men to the north bank, and the main army followed. Pressing the advantage he stormed the Zhang and Pan mountain strongholds and took more than ten thousand captives. Grand General Azhulu, fearing trouble, wanted to slaughter them all; Rong fought hard to prevent it. In guisi Bian fell. Serving as Azhulu's vanguard he besieged Suiyang. When others proposed boiling captives for fat to pour on the walls, he again blocked the plan. When the city surrendered, he rode in alone to reassure the populace. In jiawu he attacked Pei, where defense was fierce. General Suo'e raided the camp by night, but Rong caught him in the act. Suo'e fled; Rong chased him down with picked men and killed him, then stormed the city at once and broke through. He moved on to Xuzhou. Defender Guo Yong'an led a breakout charge; Rong met him head-on, stormed the city, and Yong'an drowned himself. In yiwei he captured Pizhou. In bingshen he followed Prince Kuoduan in capturing three Song counties including Zaoyang and Qiucheng.
65
時河南民北徙至濟南，榮下令民間，分屋與地居之，俾得樹畜，且課其殿最，曠野辟為樂土。 是歲，中書考績，為天下第一。 李璮據益都，私餽以馬蹄金，榮曰：「身既許國，何可擅交鄰境！」 却之。 年六十一，乞致仕，後十九年，世祖即位，封濟南公，致仕卒，年八十三。
Henan refugees were flooding into Jinan. Rong had households share houses and land so they could farm and keep livestock, graded their progress, and turned empty fields into thriving settlements. That year the Central Secretariat's performance review ranked him first in the empire. Li Tan of Yidu sent him horse-hoof gold as a private gift. Rong refused: "My loyalty is to the throne—how can I trade favors with a neighboring lord?" He sent it back. At sixty-one he retired. Nineteen years later, when Shizu ascended the throne, he was made Duke of Jinan. He died in retirement at eighty-three.
66
子七人：長邦傑，襲爵，先卒； 邦直，行軍萬戶； 邦彥，權濟南行省； 邦允，知淄州； 邦孚，大都督府郎中； 邦昌，奧魯緫管； 邦憲，淮安路緫管。 孫四十人，宏，襲邦傑爵，改真定路緫管。
He had seven sons—the eldest, Bangjie, inherited his title but died before him; Bangzhi, Field Army Myriarch; Bangyan, Acting Administrator of the Jinan Branch Secretariat; Bangyun, Prefect of Zizhou; Bangfu, Attendant of the Grand Military Council; Bangchang, A'uru Commander; Bangxian, Prefect of the Huai'an Circuit. He had forty grandsons. Hong inherited Bangjie's title and became Prefect of the Zhending Circuit.
67
劉亨安
Liu Hengan
68
劉亨安，其先范陽人，後遷遼東川州。 初，國王木華黎經略遼東，兄世英率宗族鄉人隸麾下，分兵收燕、趙、雲、朔、河東，以功充行軍副緫管。 庚辰，平陽諸郡被兵之餘，民物空竭，世英言於王曰：「自古建國，以民為本，今河東殺掠殆盡，異日我師復來，孰給轉輸？ 收存恤亡，此其時也。」 王善之。 以絳州邊地，難其人，奏授世英絳州節度使，兼行帥府事。 卒于師，無子，國王孛魯命其族兄德仁襲職。 丙戌歲，金將移剌副樞攻絳州，城陷，死之。 木華黎承制命亨安領其衆，奏賜金虎符，授鎮國上將軍、絳州節度使，行元帥府事，兼觀察使。
Liu Hengan was descended from men of Fanyang who later settled in Chuanzhou, Liaodong. When Prince Muqali was pacifying Liaodong, his elder brother Shiying brought clan and neighbors into Muqali's service. Shiying sent detachments to take Yan, Zhao, Yun, Shuo, and Hedong, and for his merit was made Vice Administer of the Field Army. In gengchen, after war had ravaged the Pingyang region, people and goods were exhausted. Shiying told the prince, "Every state is built on its people. Hedong has been stripped bare—when our armies return, who will feed the supply lines? Now is the time to shelter the living and restore what war has destroyed." The prince agreed. Jiangzhou was a frontier post and hard to fill—he recommended Shiying as Military Commissioner of Jiangzhou with authority of the Marshal's headquarters. He died on campaign without a son. Prince Belu had his kinsman Deren inherit the office. In bingxu Jin general Yelü the Vice Cavalry Commander attacked Jiangzhou. The city fell and Deren died defending it. Muqali, acting on imperial authority, put Hengan in command of Deren's troops. He was granted a golden tiger tally and made General Who Stabilizes the State, Military Commissioner of Jiangzhou, with authority of the Marshal's headquarters and the concurrent post of Observation Commissioner.
69
庚寅冬，從王師渡河入關。 辛卯春，克鳳翔，歷秦、隴，屯渭陽。 秋，出階城，沿漢抵鄧。 壬辰，會大軍於鈞州，敗金人於三峰山。 甲午，平蔡。 既而宋兵二十萬攻汴，將趨洛，都元帥塔察兒俾亨安往拒之，與宋軍遇龍門北，遂橫槊躍馬，奮突而前，衆因乘之，宋師奔潰，追擊百餘里，塔察兒拊其背曰：「真驍將也。」 延坐諸將之右，勞賜甚厚。 丙申，都元帥塔海征巴蜀，攻散關，破劍門，出奇制勝，戰功居多。 進圍成都，亨安為先鋒，大破之於城西，生擒宋將陳侍郎。 有喬長官與亨安爭功，未幾，攻城，喬為砲所傷，亨安負之以出，喬感愧。
In the winter of gengyin he crossed the Yellow River with the imperial army and entered the passes. In the spring of xinmao he captured Fengxiang, marched through Qin and Long, and encamped at Weiyang. That autumn he marched from Jie Prefecture down the Han River to Deng. In renchen he joined the main force at Junzhou and helped rout the Jin at Sanfeng Mountain. In jiawu he helped pacify Cai Prefecture. Soon after, two hundred thousand Song troops attacked Bian and marched toward Luoyang. Grand Marshal Tachar sent Hengan to block them. North of Longmen he levelled his spear, spurred forward, and charged. His men surged after him and the Song army broke. They pursued for more than a hundred li. Tachar slapped his back and said, "A true fighting general!" He seated him above the other generals and rewarded him handsomely. In bingshen Grand Marshal Tahai campaigned in Ba-Shu. Hengan fought at Sanguan, broke through Jianmen, and won with daring maneuvers—his share of the credit was the largest. When they besieged Chengdu, Hengan led the vanguard and routed the defenders west of the city, taking Vice Minister Chen of Song alive. Director Qiao had quarreled with him over credit. During the assault Qiao was struck by a catapult stone; Hengan carried him out on his back, and Qiao was overcome with shame and gratitude.
70
亨安從軍十年，累著勳伐，所獲金帛，悉推與將佐，故士卒咸樂為用。 癸卯冬十二月卒。 子貞，嗣職。 孫三人：弘，彊，弴。
Hengan soldiered for ten years and won repeated distinction. He gave every coin and bolt of silk to his officers, and his men served him willingly. He died in the twelfth month of winter, guimao. His son Zhen inherited his office. He had three grandsons: Hong, Qiang, and Dan.