Volume 162 Biographies 49: Li Hulanji, Li Ting, Shi Bi, Gao Xing, Liu Guojie

李忽蘭吉

Li Hulanji

李忽蘭吉，一名庭玉，隴西人。父節，仕金，歲乙未，自鞏昌石門山從汪世顯以城降。忽蘭吉隸皇子闊端為質子，從征西川。辛丑，以功為管軍總領，兼總帥府知事，從征西番南澗有功。癸丑，世祖在潛邸，用汪德臣言，承制命忽蘭吉佩銀符，為管軍千戶、都總領，佐汪惟正立利州。乙卯正月，將兵三萬取合江大獲山。宋劉都統率眾謀焚利州、沙市，次青山，忽蘭吉以伏兵取之，俘獲甚眾。都元帥阿答忽以聞，升本帥府經歷，兼軍民都彈壓。丙辰，憲宗更賜金符，仍命為千戶、都總領。戊午，忽蘭吉以兵先趨劍門覘伺，宋兵運糧於長寧，追至運曲壩，奪之，俘將校五人而還。

Li Hulanji, also known as Tingyu, came from Longxi. His father Jie had served the Jin; in 1235, from Shimenshan in Gongchang, he followed Wang Shixian in handing the city over. Hulanji was sent to Prince Kuoduan as a hostage and took part in the conquest of western Sichuan. In 1241, rewarded for his service, he was appointed army overseer and headquarters clerk, distinguishing himself on the western Tibetan campaign at Nanjian. In 1253, while Kublai was still heir apparent, acting on Wang Dechen's recommendation he received a silver tally as chiliarch and chief overseer and helped Wang Weizheng secure Lizhou. In the first month of 1255, he led thirty thousand men to capture Da Huoshan at Hejiang. A Song commander surnamed Liu marched to burn Lizhou and Shashi and camped at Qingshan; Hulanji ambushed him and took many prisoners. Supreme commander Adahua reported the victory, and Hulanji was promoted to headquarters intendant while also serving as chief pacifier over troops and civilians. In 1256, Möngke again granted him a gold tally and confirmed him as chiliarch and chief overseer. In 1258, Hulanji marched ahead to scout Jianmen Pass; when Song forces were hauling grain through Changning, he overtook them at Yunquba, seized the convoy, took five officers prisoner, and withdrew.

憲宗南征，忽蘭吉掌橋道饋餉之事，有功，賜璽書。從攻苦竹隘山寨，先登，斬守將楊立，獲都統張寔，招降長寧、清居、大獲山、運山、龍州等寨。十一月，大獲山守臣楊大淵納款，已而逃歸，憲宗怒，將屠其城，眾不知所為。德臣諭忽蘭吉曰：「大淵之去，事頗難測，亟追之！」乃單騎至城下。門未閉，大呼入城曰：「皇帝使我來撫汝軍民。」一卒引入，甲士環立。忽蘭吉下馬，執大淵手，謂之曰：「上方宣論賜賞，不待而來，何也？」大淵曰：「誠不知國朝禮體，且久出，恐城寨有他變，是以亟歸，非敢有異謀也。」遂與偕來，一軍皆喜。忽蘭吉入奏，憲宗曰：「楊安撫反乎？」對曰：「無也。」憲宗曰：「汝何以知之？」對曰：「軍馬整肅，防內亂也；城門不閉，無他心也；一聞臣言，即撫綏軍民，從臣以出，以是知之。」憲宗曰：「汝不懼乎？」對曰：「臣恐上勞聖慮，下苦諸軍，又為一郡生靈命脈所寄，故不知其懼。」憲宗悅，賜蒲萄酒。大淵遂以故官侍郎、都元帥聽命，而民得生全。

During Möngke's southern expedition, Hulanji directed bridges, roads, and logistics; rewarded for this service, he received an imperial commendation under seal. At the assault on Kuzhu'ai stockade he was first over the wall, killed the garrison commander Yang Li, took the Song commander Zhang Shi, and brought in Changning, Qingju, Da Huoshan, Yunshan, Longzhou, and other strongholds. In the eleventh month Yang Dayuan of Da Huoshan had submitted, then slipped away again; enraged, Möngke prepared to slaughter the city, and no one knew how to stop it. Dechen urged Hulanji: "Dayuan's flight is impossible to read—go after him at once!" He rode alone to the city gate. Before the gates could close he called out as he entered: "The emperor has sent me to reassure your soldiers and civilians." A soldier brought him inside, where armored troops ringed him. Hulanji dismounted, took Dayuan's hand, and asked, "The throne is about to proclaim your reward—why have you returned before you were called?" Dayuan replied, "I did not understand your court's protocol; I had been away so long that I feared trouble in the garrison, so I came back at once. I had no treacherous intent." He returned with Hulanji, to the relief of the entire force. When Hulanji reported in, Möngke asked, "Has Commissioner Yang turned rebel?" He answered, "No, Your Majesty." Möngke asked, "How can you be sure?" He said, "His troops were drawn up in good order, which showed he was guarding against unrest within; the gate stood open, which showed he had no other design; and the moment he heard me he calmed his soldiers and civilians and came out with me. That is how I knew." Möngke said, "Were you not afraid?" He replied, "I feared burdening Your Majesty, harming the troops, and costing a whole prefecture its people—I had no room left for fear." Möngke was pleased and gave him grape wine. Dayuan resumed his former titles as vice minister and supreme commander and obeyed orders, and the populace was spared.

憲宗命忽蘭吉與怯裡馬哥領戰船二百艘掠釣魚山，奪其糧船四百艘。憲宗次釣魚山，忽蘭吉作浮梁，以通往來。己未，與怯裡馬哥、扎胡打、魯都赤、闊闊術領蒙古、漢軍二千五百略重慶。六月，總帥汪德臣沒於軍，命忽蘭吉以其軍殿後。宋兵水陸晝夜接戰，皆敗之。部軍皆青居人，賞賚獨厚，遂與蒲察都元帥守青居，治城壁，儲芻糧，招納降附。宗王穆哥承制命忽蘭吉佩金符，為鞏昌元帥。

Möngke ordered Hulanji and Qielimage to take two hundred warships against Diaoyushan and capture four hundred Song grain transports. While Möngke camped at Diaoyushan, Hulanji built a floating bridge to keep supply lines open. In 1259, with Qielimage, Zhahuda, Luduchi, and Kuokuoshu he led twenty-five hundred Mongol and Han troops in a foray against Chongqing. In the sixth month supreme commander Wang Dechen died in the field, and Hulanji was ordered to cover the army's withdrawal. Song forces engaged him by land and water day and night, and he defeated every attack. His men were natives of Qingju and received unusually rich rewards; he then held Qingju with Supreme Commander Pucha Du, repaired the walls, stockpiled fodder and grain, and accepted defectors. Prince Muge provisionally appointed him commander of Gongchang with a gold tally.

中統元年，德臣子惟正襲總帥，至青居。五月，忽蘭吉等赴上都。時渾都海據六盤山以叛，世祖遣忽蘭吉亟還，與汪良臣發所統二十四州兵追襲之。十月，從宗王哈必赤等次合納忽石溫之地，力戰，殺渾都海等於陣，餘黨悉平。二年六月，以功授鞏昌後元帥，賜金幣、鞍馬、弓矢。九月，火都叛於西蕃點西嶺，汪惟正帥師襲之，至怯裡馬之地，火都以五百人遁入西蕃。詔宗王只必鐵木兒，以答剌海、察吉裡、速木赤將蒙古軍二千，忽蘭吉將總帥軍一千，追襲火都於西蕃。十月，擒之。四年，首將答剌海言忽蘭吉功高，詔賜虎符。忽蘭吉不受，問其故，對曰：「臣聞國制，將萬軍者佩虎符，若汪氏將萬軍，已佩之，臣何可復佩。」帝是其言，命於總帥汪惟正下充鞏昌路元帥，所屬官悉聽節制。六月，答機叛於西蕃，帝命好裡燕納，與惟正追之松州，忽蘭吉以千騎先往，執答機。

In 1260, Dechen's son Weizheng inherited the supreme command and joined him at Qingju. In the fifth month Hulanji and his colleagues went to the Upper Capital. Hunduhai had rebelled from Liupanshan; Kublai sent Hulanji back immediately, and with Wang Liangchen he mobilized the twenty-four prefectures under their command to pursue him. In the tenth month, with Princes Habichi and others, they fought at Henahuoshiwen, killed Hunduhai in battle, and wiped out his followers. In the sixth month of 1261 he was made rear commander of Gongchang for his service and rewarded with gold, coin, horses, and arms. In the ninth month Huodu rebelled in western Tibet at Dianxiling; Wang Weizheng marched against him, but at Qielima Huodu escaped into Tibet with five hundred men. The court ordered Prince Zhibietiemuer, with Dalahai, Chajili, and Sumuchi commanding two thousand Mongols and Hulanji one thousand troops of the supreme command, to hunt Huodu in Tibet. In the tenth month they took him prisoner. In 1263 chief general Dalahai reported Hulanji's outstanding service, and the throne granted him a tiger tally. Hulanji refused. Asked why, he said, "I understand that only the commander of ten thousand men may wear the tiger tally. The Wang family already commands ten thousand and already wears it—how could I wear one as well?" The emperor agreed and appointed him commander of the Gongchang circuit under supreme commander Wang Weizheng, with all subordinates under his orders. In the sixth month Daji rebelled in Tibet; the emperor sent Haoliyanna and Weizheng after him toward Songzhou, and Hulanji rode ahead with a thousand cavalry and captured Daji.

十年正月，成都失利，帝遣人問所以失之之故及今措置之方，忽蘭吉附奏曰：「初立成都，惟建子城，軍民止於外城，別無城壁。宋軍乘虛來攻，失於不備，軍官皆年少不經事之人，以此失利。西川地曠人稀，宜修置城寨，以備不虞；選任材智，廣畜軍儲，最為急務。今蒙古、漢軍多非正身，半以驅奴代，宜嚴禁之。所謂修築城寨、練習軍馬、措畫屯田、規運糧餉、創造舟楫、完善軍器，六者不可缺一；又當任賢遠讒，信賞必罰，修內治外，戰勝攻取，選用良將，隨機應變，則邊陲無虞矣。」六月，將兵赴成都，與察不花同權省事。十一月，復還守章廣平山寨，前後七年，每戰輒勝。

In the first month of 1273 Chengdu fell; the emperor asked why and what should be done. Hulanji wrote in reply: "When Chengdu was first set up, only the inner citadel was built; soldiers and civilians lived in the outer town with no further fortifications. Song forces struck while we were exposed; we were caught unprepared, and the officers were all young and inexperienced. That is why we lost. Western Sichuan is vast and thinly settled; we should build fortified posts against surprise; appoint capable men and stockpile supplies—these are the most urgent tasks. Many Mongol and Han soldiers are not serving in person, half replaced by pressed slaves; this must be stopped. Building fortresses, drilling troops, organizing garrison farms, moving grain, building boats, and maintaining arms—these six measures are all indispensable; and we must employ the worthy, keep slander at bay, reward faithfully and punish surely, govern at home and abroad, fight to win, choose good generals, and adapt to events—then the frontier will be secure." In the sixth month he marched to Chengdu and, with Chabuhua, held provisional charge of provincial affairs. In the eleventh month he returned to hold Zhangguangping stockade; for seven years he won every engagement he fought.

十三年，引兵略重慶，復取簡州。十四年，承制授延安路管軍招討使。十五年，禿魯叛於六盤山，忽蘭吉以延安路軍，會別速台、趙炳及總帥府兵於六盤，敗禿魯於武川，俘其孥，還，承制授京兆延安鳳翔三路管軍都尉，兼屯田守衛事。十月，改同知利州宣撫使，夔東招討如故。入覲，賜虎符，授四川北道宣慰使。忽蘭吉請以先受鞏昌元帥之職及虎符與其弟庭望。二十年，改四川南道宣慰使。

In 1276 he led a foray toward Chongqing and recovered Jianzhou. In 1277 he was provisionally appointed pacification commissioner for army control on the Yan'an circuit. In 1278 Tulü rebelled at Liupanshan; Hulanji led Yan'an troops, joined Biesutai, Zhao Bing, and the supreme command at Liupan, defeated Tulü at Wuchuan, and took his family prisoner. On his return he was provisionally made colonel over the Jingzhao, Yan'an, and Fengxiang circuits, with charge of garrison farms and defense. In the tenth month he became associate pacification commissioner of Lizhou while keeping his eastern Kuizhou pacification duties. At court he received a tiger tally and was appointed pacification commissioner of northern Sichuan. Hulanji asked to transfer his former command of Gongchang and its tiger tally to his younger brother Tingwang. In 1283 he was transferred to pacification commissioner of southern Sichuan.

二十一年，奉旨與參政曲裡吉思、僉省巴八、左丞汪惟正分兵進取五溪洞蠻。時思、播以南，施、黔、鼎、澧、辰、沅之界，蠻獠叛服不常，往往劫掠邊民，乃詔四川行省討之。曲裡吉思、惟正一軍出黔中，巴八一軍出思、播，都元帥脫察一軍出澧州，忽蘭吉一軍自夔門會合。十一月，諸將鑿山開道，綿亙千里，諸蠻設伏險隘，木弩竹矢，伺間竊發，亡命迎敵者，皆盡殺之。遣諭諸蠻酋長率眾來降，獨散毛洞潭順走避岩谷，力屈始降。

In 1284, by imperial order, he joined Vice Administrator Qulijisi, Secretariat member Baba, and Left Councillor Wang Weizheng in a divided campaign against the Wuxidong tribes. South of Si and Bo, along the borders of Shi, Qian, Ding, Li, Chen, and Yuan, tribal peoples shifted between submission and revolt and often raided frontier settlements, so the court ordered the Sichuan Branch Secretariat to suppress them. Qulijisi and Weizheng marched from central Qian, Baba from Si and Bo, supreme commander Tuocha from Lizhou, and Hulanji from Kuimen to join them. In the eleventh month the generals cut roads through the mountains for a thousand li; the tribes ambushed them in the passes with wooden crossbows and bamboo arrows, and every man who fought to the death was killed. Messengers called on the chiefs to surrender with their people; only Tan Shun of Sanmaodong hid in the ravines until, exhausted, he finally submitted.

二十三年，入覲，以老病，乞歸田裡。帝憫之，得還鞏昌。二十六年，行省列奏忽蘭吉之功，請用范殿帥故事，商議本省軍事。二十七年，拜資善大夫，遙授陝西等處行尚書省左丞，商議軍事，食左丞之祿。元貞二年，入覲，授資德大夫、陝西等處行中書省右丞，議本省公事，卒。泰定元年，謚襄敏。

In 1286 he came to court, and citing age and illness asked to retire to his home district. The emperor took pity on him and let him return to Gongchang. In 1289 the Branch Secretariat listed his achievements and asked that he be given the precedent of Commander Fan, with a voice in provincial military affairs. In 1290 he was made Grand Master for Excellent Goodness and appointed in absentia as Left Councillor of the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat to advise on military affairs, with a councillor's salary. In 1296 he came to court again, was made Grand Master for Assisting Virtue and Right Councillor of the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat with charge of provincial affairs, and died. In 1324 he was posthumously titled Xiangmin, "Assisting and Keen."

李庭，小字勞山，本金人蒲察氏，金末來中原，改稱李氏。家於濟陰，後徙壽光。至元六年，以材武選隸軍籍，權管軍千戶。從伐宋，圍襄陽。宋將夏貴率戰船三千艘來援，泊鹿門山西岸，諸翼水軍攻之，相持七日。庭時將步騎，自請與水軍萬戶解汝楫擊之，斬其裨將王玘、元勝。河南行省承制授庭益都新軍千戶。宋襄陽守將呂文煥以萬五千人來攻萬山堡，萬戶張弘范方與接戰，庭單騎橫槍入陣，殺二人，槍折，倒持回擊一人墜馬，庭亦被二創，復奪後軍槍，裹創力戰，敗之。八年春，真除益都軍千戶，賜號拔都兒。與宋兵戰襄陽城下，追奔逐北，直抵城門，流矢中左股而止。九年春，攻樊城外郛，砲傷額及左右手，奪其土城，遂進攻襄陽東堡，砲傷右肩，焚其樓，破一字城。文煥麾下有胖山王總管者，驍將也，庭設伏誘擒之，以功授金符。十年春，大軍攻樊城，庭運薪芻土牛填城壕，立雲梯，城上矢石如雨，庭屢中砲，墜城下，絕而復甦，裹創再登，如是者數四，殺獲甚多。樊城破，襄陽降，以功授金虎符，為管軍總管。

Li Ting, styled Laoshan, was originally a Jurchen of the Pucha clan; at the fall of the Jin he came to the Central Plains and took the surname Li. His family lived at Jiyin and later moved to Shouguang. In 1269, chosen for ability and martial skill, he was enrolled in the army rolls as acting chiliarch. He joined the campaign against Song and took part in the siege of Xiangyang. Song general Xia Gui brought three thousand warships to relieve the city and anchored west of Lumen Mountain; the allied fleets attacked and fought for seven days. Ting was then commanding infantry and cavalry; he volunteered to join naval commander Xie Ruji in the attack and killed the Song lieutenants Wang Qi and Yuansheng. The Henan Branch Secretariat provisionally appointed him chiliarch of the Yidu new army. Xiangyang's defender Lü Wenhuan attacked Wanshan fort with fifteen thousand men while commander Zhang Hongfan was fighting them; Ting charged in alone, killed two men, broke his spear, reversed the shaft to knock another from his horse, took two wounds, seized a spear from the rear ranks, bound his wounds, and fought on until the Song force was beaten. In the spring of 1271 he was confirmed as chiliarch of the Yidu army and given the title Badur, "Valiant." He fought the Song below Xiangyang, pursued the fleeing enemy to the very gates, and halted only when a stray arrow struck his left thigh. In the spring of 1272 he assaulted Fancheng's outer suburbs, was wounded in the forehead and both hands by catapult stones, took the earthen wall, then attacked Xiangyang's eastern fort, was wounded in the right shoulder, burned the tower, and breached the barbican wall. Wenhuan had a fierce commander known as Panshanwang; Ting ambushed and captured him and was rewarded with a gold tally. In the spring of 1273 the main force assaulted Fancheng; Ting brought up bundles and earthen oxen to fill the moat and raised scaling ladders; arrows and stones rained down; he was hit repeatedly by catapult stones, fell from the wall unconscious, bound his wounds, and climbed again—four times in all—and killed or captured many defenders. When Fancheng fell and Xiangyang surrendered, he was given a gold tiger tally and made army overseer for his service.

十一年九月，從伯顏發襄陽，次郢州。郢在漢水東，宋人復於漢水西築新郢，以遏我軍。黃家灣有溪通藤湖，至漢水數里，宋兵亦築堡設守備焉。庭與劉國傑先登，拔之，遂盪舟而進，攻沙洋、新城。砲傷左脅，破其外堡，復中砲，墜城下，矢貫於胸，氣垂絕，伯顏命剖水牛腹納其中，良久乃蘇。以功加明威將軍，授益都新軍萬戶。師次漢口，宋將夏貴鎖戰艦，橫截江面，軍不得進，乃用庭及馬福等計，由沙蕪口入江。武磯堡四面皆水，庭決其水而攻之，大軍渡江，武磯堡亦破。遂從阿術轉戰至鄂州，順流而東。十二年春，與宋將孫虎臣戰丁家洲，奪船二十餘，宋軍潰，以功加宣威將軍。宋兵斷真州江路，庭焚其船二百餘，擊斬其護岸軍。聞夏貴欲由太湖援臨安，亟出兵逆戰裕溪口，敗之。諸軍攻常州，庭鏖戰，奪北門而入。

In the ninth month of 1274 he marched with Bayan from Xiangyang and camped at Yingzhou. Ying lay east of the Han; the Song had built New Ying on the west bank to block the advance. At Huangjiawan a stream linked to Teng Lake a few li from the Han, and the Song had fortified it as well. Ting and Liu Guojie were first over the wall and took the position, then advanced by boat against Shayang and Xincheng. A catapult stone wounded his left side; he broke the outer fort, was hit again, fell from the wall with an arrow through his chest and near death; Bayan had him placed inside a freshly slaughtered water buffalo, and after a long while he revived. For his service he was promoted to General of Illustrious Might and made commander of ten thousand of the Yidu new army. At Hankou Song general Xia Gui chained his warships across the river and blocked the advance; following the plan of Ting and Ma Fu, the army entered the Yangtze by Shawkou. Wuji fort was surrounded by water; Ting drained it and attacked; the main force crossed the river and Wuji fell. He then fought with Achu as far as Ezhou and sailed east downriver. In the spring of 1275 he fought Song general Sun Huchen at Dingjiazhou, captured more than twenty vessels, routed the Song fleet, and was promoted to General Who Proclaims Might for his service. When Song forces blocked the river route at Zhenzhou, Ting burned more than two hundred of their ships and killed the troops guarding the banks. Learning that Xia Gui planned to reinforce Lin'an via Lake Tai, he marched swiftly to Yuxikou, met him head on, and defeated his force. In the assault on Changzhou, Ting fought hand to hand, forced the north gate, and broke into the city.

十三年春，至臨安，宋主降，伯顏命庭等護其內城，收集符印珍寶，仍令庭與唐兀台等防護宋主赴燕。世祖嘉其勞，大宴，命坐於左手諸王之下、百官之上，賜金百錠，金、珠衣各一襲，仍諭之曰：「劉整在時，不曾令坐於此，為汝有功，故加以殊禮，汝子孫宜謹志之勿忘。」繼有旨：「汝在江南，多出死力，男兒立功，要在西北上也。今有違我太祖成憲者，汝其往征之。」乃別降大虎符，加鎮國上將軍、漢軍都元帥，仍命其次子大椿襲萬戶職。庭至哈剌和林、晃兀兒之地，越嶺北，與撒裡蠻諸軍大戰，敗之。移軍河西，擊走叛臣霍虎，追至大磧而還。諸王昔裡吉、脫脫木兒反，庭襲擊，生獲之，啟皇子只必帖木兒賜之死。復引兵會諸王納裡忽，渡塔迷兒河，擊走其餘黨兀斤末台、要術忽兒等，河西悉平。

In the spring of 1276 the army reached Lin'an and the Song emperor surrendered. Bayan put Ting in charge of the inner city and the collection of seals and treasure, and ordered Ting and Tang'utai to escort the emperor north to the capital. The Shizu Emperor honored his service with a grand banquet and seated him below the princes on the left but above every other official. He was given a hundred gold ingots and gold and pearl garments, and the emperor told him: "Even Liu Zheng was never given this seat. You have earned an extraordinary honor—see that you and your descendants never forget it." The emperor added: "You gave everything you had in the south. For a soldier, the place to win glory is the northwest. If anyone defies the laws our Taizu laid down, march against them." He was then given a great tiger tally, promoted to General Who Guards the State and Marshal of the Han Army, and his second son Dachun was appointed to succeed him as commander of ten thousand. Ting marched to Karakorum and Huang'u'er, crossed the northern passes, and routed the forces of Sariman. He shifted his army into Hexi, routed the rebel Huo Hu, chased him into the desert, and then withdrew. When Princes Shirigi and Tuotuomu'er rose in revolt, Ting ambushed them, took them alive, and reported to Prince Jibitemu'er, who ordered their execution. He joined Prince Narikhu, crossed the Tamir River, routed the remaining rebels Wujinmotai and Yaoshuhu'er, and brought all of Hexi under control.

十四年，入朝，世祖勞之，賜以益都居第、單河官莊、鈔萬五千貫及弓矢諸物，拜福建行中書省參知政事。改福建道宣慰使。召赴闕，備宿衛。十七年，拜驃騎衛上將軍、中書左丞，東征日本。十八年，軍次竹島，遇風，船盡壞，庭抱壞船板，漂流抵岸，下收餘眾，由高麗還京師。士卒存者十一二。繼以父歿，歸益都，召拜中書左丞、司農卿，不赴。

In 1277 he returned to court, where the Shizu Emperor honored his service with a house in Yidu, the Danhe estate, fifteen thousand strings of paper money, bow and arrows, and other gifts, and appointed him Associate Managing Director of the Fujian Branch Secretariat. He was reassigned as Fujian Circuit Pacification Commissioner. He was summoned to court for imperial guard duty. In 1280 he was made General of the Flying Cavalry Guard and Left Vice Director of the Secretariat and joined the eastern expedition against Japan. In 1281 the fleet was wrecked by a storm off Zhudao; Ting clung to broken planks until he washed ashore, regrouped the survivors, and returned to the capital by way of Goryeo. Barely one soldier in ten survived. After his father's death he retired to Yidu; when summoned as Left Vice Director and Minister of Agriculture, he declined the post.

二十四年，宗王乃顏叛，驛召至上都，統諸衛漢軍，從帝親征。塔不台、金家奴來拒戰，眾號十萬，帝親麾諸軍圍之，庭調阿速軍繼進，流矢中胸貫脅，裹創復戰，帝遣止之，乃已。令軍中備百弩，俟敵列陣，百弩齊發，乃不復出。帝問庭：「彼今夜當何如？」庭奏：「必遁去。」乃引壯士十人，持火砲，夜入其陣，砲發，果自相殺，潰散。帝問何以知之，庭曰：「其兵雖多，而無紀律，見車駕駐此而不戰，必疑有大軍在後，是以知其將遁。」帝大喜，賜以金鞍良馬。庭奏：「若得漢軍二萬，從臣便宜用之，乃顏可擒也。」帝難之，命與月兒魯蒙古軍並進，遂縛乃顏以獻。帝既南還，庭又親獲塔不台、金剛奴，以功加龍虎衛上將軍，遙授中書省左丞。二十五年，乃顏餘黨哈丹禿魯乾復叛於遼東。詔庭及樞密副使哈答討之，大小數十戰，弗克而還。既而庭整軍再戰，流矢中左脅及右股，追至一大河，選銳卒，潛負火砲，夜泝上流發之，馬皆驚走，大軍潛於下流畢渡。天明進戰，其眾無馬，莫能相敵，俘斬二百餘人，哈丹禿魯乾走高麗死。拜資德大夫、尚書左丞，商議樞密院事，官其長子大用，仍賜鈔二萬五千貫。庭因奏：「今漢軍之力，困於北征，若依江南軍，每歲二八放散，以次番上，甚便。」帝可其奏，令著為令。宗王海都將犯邊，伯顏以聞，帝命月兒魯與庭議所以為備，庭請下括馬之令，凡得馬十一萬匹，軍中賴其用。拜榮祿大夫、平章政事，商議樞密院事，提調諸衛屯田事。

In 1287, when Prince Nayan rebelled, Ting was urgently summoned to Shangdu, given command of the Han guard armies, and joined the emperor's personal campaign. When Tabutai and Jinjianu opposed him with a force said to number one hundred thousand, the emperor personally directed the encirclement; Ting brought up the Alan troops in support, took a stray arrow through the chest and flank, bound his wounds and kept fighting until the emperor ordered him to withdraw. He had a hundred crossbows readied, and when the enemy formed ranks and the volley cut them down, they dared not come out again. The emperor turned to Ting and asked, "What do you expect from them tonight?" Ting answered, "They will run tonight." He took ten picked men with fire lances, stole into the enemy camp by night, and when the lances went off the rebels turned on one another and broke in panic. When the emperor asked how he knew, Ting said, "Their army is large but undisciplined; seeing the emperor encamped here without attacking, they will assume a larger force waits behind us. That is why I knew they would flee." The emperor was delighted and rewarded him with a gold saddle and fine horses. Ting said, "Give me twenty thousand Han troops with full authority to use them as I see fit, and Nayan can be taken." The emperor hesitated but ordered him to advance alongside Yeshbugh's Mongol force; Nayan was bound and brought in. After the emperor returned south, Ting personally captured Tabutai and Jingangnu and was promoted to General of the Dragon and Tiger Guard and given the Left Vice Directorship in absentia. In 1288 Nayan's former followers, led by Hadan Tuluqan, rebelled again in Liaodong. Ting and Deputy Commissioner Hada of the Bureau of Military Affairs were ordered to suppress them; after dozens of clashes they failed to win and withdrew. Ting regrouped and attacked again, taking arrows in his left side and right thigh; pursuing the rebels to a great river, he sent picked men upstream by night with fire lances that stampeded their horses, while the main force stole across downstream. At dawn the Yuan forces attacked; stripped of their horses, the rebels were overwhelmed; more than two hundred were killed or captured, and Hadan Tuluqan fled to Goryeo and died there. He was made Grand Master of Splendid Virtue and Left Vice Director, with a seat on the Bureau of Military Affairs; his eldest son Dayong received an official post, and he was granted twenty-five thousand strings of paper money. Ting proposed: "Han troops are worn down by northern campaigns. If we adopted the Jiangnan system—furloughing them in the second and eighth months and rotating them in order—it would work far better." The emperor agreed and had the policy written into law. When Prince Haidu threatened the frontier, Bayan reported the danger and the emperor told Yeshbugh and Ting to plan the defense. Ting called for a general horse levy that raised one hundred ten thousand mounts, which the armies desperately needed. He was made Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Grand Councillor, with a voice on military affairs and overall charge of guard garrison farms.

三十一年春，世祖崩，月兒魯與伯顏等定策立成宗，庭翊贊之功居多。成宗與太后眷遇甚至，每進食，必分賜之，大宴仍命序坐於左手諸王之下、百官之上，賜以珠帽、珠半臂、金帶各一，銀六鋌，莊田諸物稱是。奉旨整點江浙軍馬五百三十二所，還，入見，成宗親授以衣，慰勞之。

In the spring of 1294, when the Shizu Emperor died, Yeshbugh and Bayan settled on Chengzong as successor; Ting's role in supporting the succession was decisive. Chengzong and the empress dowager treated him with exceptional favor, sharing every meal sent to him and seating him at banquets below the princes on the left but above every other official. He received a pearl cap, pearl half-armor, gold belt, six silver ingots, estates, and other gifts to match. On imperial orders he inspected five hundred thirty-two Jiang-Zhe military horse stations; when he returned for audience, Chengzong personally dressed him and thanked him for his service.

初，武宗出鎮北邊，庭請從行，成宗憫其老，不許，賜鈔五萬貫，依前榮祿大夫、平章政事，商議樞密院事，提調諸衛屯田，兼後衛親軍都指揮使。奉旨北征懷都，至野馬川而還。俄有中使傳旨拘漢軍之馬，以濟北軍，且令焚其鞍轡、行糧諸物。庭因感疾，詔內醫二人診視之，疾稍間，扈從上都，特降旨存護其家。大德八年二月卒。至大二年，贈推忠翊衛功臣、儀同三司、太保、上柱國，追封益國公，謚武毅。

When Wuzong took command on the northern frontier, Ting asked to accompany him; Chengzong, mindful of his age, refused but gave him fifty thousand strings of paper money and confirmed his posts as Grand Councillor, military commissioner, supervisor of guard farms, and Commander-in-Chief of the Rear Guard. On imperial orders he marched north against Khudu, reached Yemachuan, and withdrew. Soon an imperial envoy ordered the Han army's horses seized for the northern troops and their saddles, tack, and travel rations burned. The order sickened Ting; the court sent two imperial physicians, and when he recovered enough to join the emperor at Shangdu, a special edict was issued to protect his household. He died in the second month of 1304. In 1309 he was posthumously honored as Meritorious Minister Who Promotes Loyalty and Aids the Guard, with ranks equal to the Three Dukes, Grand Preceptor, and Upper Pillar of State; he was enfeoffed as Duke of Yi with the posthumous name Wuyi, "Forceful and Resolute."

子大用，同知歸德府事，以哀毀卒。大椿，襲職佩金虎符，為宣武將軍、益都新軍萬戶，戍建康。大誠，襲職後衛親軍都指揮使。

His son Dayong, deputy prefect of Guide, died of grief while mourning him. Da Chun succeeded to his father's position, bearing the golden tiger tally as Xuanwu General and commander of the Yidu New Army ten-thousand-household unit, with a garrison at Jiankang. Da Cheng succeeded to the command of the Rear Guard Imperial Army.

史弼，字君佐，一名塔剌渾，蠡州博野人。曾祖彬，有膽勇，太師、國王木華黎兵南下，居民被虜，蠡守閉城自守，彬謂諸子曰：「吾所恃者，郡守也。今棄民自保，吾與其束手以死，曷若死中求生！」乃率鄉人數百家，詣木華黎請降，木華黎書帛為符，遣還。既而州破，獨彬與同降者得免。

Shi Bi, styled Junzuo and also known as Talahun, came from Boye in Li Prefecture. His great-grandfather Bin was bold and fearless. When Grand Preceptor and King Muqali led his forces south, the people were taken captive while the prefect of Li shut the city gates to hold out alone. Bin told his sons, "Our whole hope rests on the prefect. If we abandon the people to save ourselves, I'd sooner find a way to live in the teeth of death than sit here waiting to be slaughtered!" So he rallied several hundred local families, went to Muqali to submit, and Muqali wrote a token on silk and sent them home. When the prefecture soon fell, Bin alone, together with those who had surrendered alongside him, escaped harm.

弼長通國語，膂力絕人，能輓強弓。裡門鑿石為獅，重四百斤，弼舉之，置數步外。潼關守將王彥弼奇其材，妻以女，又薦其材勇於左丞相耶律鑄。弼從鑄往北京，近侍火裡台見弼所輓弓，以名聞世祖。召之，試以遠垛，連發中的，令給事左右，賜馬五匹。

As he came of age, Bi mastered the Mongol tongue and possessed extraordinary strength, able to pull the heaviest bows. At the inner gate stood a stone lion weighing four hundred jin; Bi picked it up and set it down several steps away. Wang Yanbi, the Tong Pass garrison commander, was so impressed by his abilities that he gave Bi his daughter in marriage and recommended the young man's skill and valor to Left Chancellor Yelü Zhu. Bi accompanied Zhu to Beiping, where the imperial attendant Huolatai noticed the bow Bi was drawing and brought his name to Kublai's attention. Kublai called him in and tested his archery at long range; Bi hit the target shot after shot. The emperor assigned him to personal service at court and rewarded him with five horses.

中統末，授金符、管軍總管，命從劉整伐宋。攻襄樊，嘗出挑戰，射殺二人，因橫刀呼曰：「我史奉御也！」宋兵卻退。至元十年，諸將分十二道圍樊城，弼攻東北隅，凡十四晝夜，破之，殺其將牛都統。襄陽降，上其功，賜銀及錦衣、金鞍，升懷遠大將軍、副萬戶。遂從丞相伯顏南征，攻沙洋堡，飛矢中臂，城拔，凝血盈袖。事聞，賜金虎符。軍至陽羅堡，伯顏誓眾曰：「先登南岸者為上功。」弼率健卒直前，宋兵逆戰，奮呼擊走之，伯顏登南岸，論弼功第一，進定遠大將軍。鄂州平，進軍而東，至大孤山，風大作，伯顏命弼禱於大孤山神，風立止。兵駐瓜洲，阿塔海言：「楊子橋乃揚州出入之道，宜立堡，選驍將守之。」伯顏授弼三千人，立木堡，據其地。弼遽以數十騎抵揚州城。或止之曰：「宋將姜才倔強，未可易出。」弼曰：」吾柵揚子橋，據其所必爭之地，才乘未固，必來攻我，則我之利也。」才果以萬眾乘夜來攻，人挾束薪填塹，弼戒軍中無嘩，俟其至，下櫑木，發砲石擊之，殺千餘人。才乃退，弼出兵擊之，會相威、阿術兵繼至，大戰，才敗走，擒其將張都統。十三年六月，才復以兵夜至，弼三戰三勝。天明，才見弼兵少，進迫圍弼，弼復奮擊之，騎士二人挾火槍刺弼，弼揮刀御之，左右皆僕，手刃數十百人。及出圍，追者尚數百騎，弼殿後，敵不敢近。會援兵至，大破之，才奔泰州。及守將硃煥以揚州降，使麥術受其降於南門外，而弼從數騎，由保城入揚州，出南門，與之會，以示不疑。制授昭勇大將軍、揚州路總管府達魯花赤，兼萬戶。冬，遷黃州等路宣慰使。

Near the close of the Zhongtong period he received a gold tally and the post of army commander, and was sent under Liu Zheng to campaign against the Song. During the assault on Xiangyang and Fancheng he once rode out to offer battle, killed two men with his bow, then brandished his sword and shouted, "I am Shi the Imperial Attendant!" At that the Song lines fell back. In the tenth year of Zhiyuan the commanders invested Fancheng along twelve lines of attack. Bi assaulted the northeast corner and, after fourteen days and nights of fighting, broke in and killed the Song commander Niu. After Xiangyang capitulated, his achievements were submitted to the throne. He received silver, brocade robes, and a golden saddle, and was raised to Huaiyuan Grand General and deputy ten-thousand-household commander. He then marched south under Chancellor Bayan, assaulted Shalyang Fort, and took an arrow in the arm. By the time the fort was taken, clotted blood had soaked his sleeve. When word of this reached the court, he was awarded a golden tiger tally. When the army reached Yangluo Fort, Bayan addressed the troops and vowed, "The man who first reaches the south bank will earn the highest honor." Bi charged ahead with picked men. The Song force met them head-on, but he fought with a battle cry and broke them. Bayan crossed to the south bank, judged Bi's service foremost, and promoted him to Dingyuan Grand General. Once Ezhou was secured, the army pressed east to Dagu Mountain, where a violent gale sprang up. Bayan had Bi pray to the spirit of Dagu Mountain, and the wind died at once. The army halted at Guazhou. Atahai argued, "Yangzi Bridge is the gateway to Yangzhou; we ought to build a fort there and put a bold commander in charge." Bayan assigned Bi three thousand men. Bi erected a timber fort and seized control of the crossing. Bi promptly rode to the walls of Yangzhou with only a few dozen men. Some urged him to hold back, warning, "The Song commander Jiang Cai is tough and unyielding; it would be reckless to ride out so lightly." Bi replied, "I have fortified Yangzi Bridge and taken ground they cannot afford to lose. Cai has not yet settled in; he is bound to strike at us, and that will work in our favor." Jiang Cai did come by night at the head of ten thousand men, his soldiers hauling faggots to fill the ditches. Bi forbade any clamor in the ranks; when the Song force drew near, his men dropped the portcullis beams and hurled stones from catapults, killing more than a thousand. Cai pulled back, and Bi sallied out in pursuit. Xiangwei and A-chu arrived with reinforcements, and in the fierce battle that followed Cai was routed and fled; his commander Zhang was taken prisoner. In the sixth month of the thirteenth year Jiang Cai attacked again by night, and Bi won three engagements in succession. At daybreak Cai saw how thin Bi's force was and closed in to encircle him. Bi fought on with renewed fury. Two mounted men bearing fire-lances lunged at him; he parried with his sword while his companions on either side were cut down, yet he himself killed scores of the enemy. Once he had fought free, several hundred horsemen still chased him, but Bi held the rear and none of the pursuers dared come close. Reinforcements then arrived, and Bi inflicted a crushing defeat; Cai fled to Taizhou. When the defending commander Zhu Huan surrendered Yangzhou, Mai Shu was dispatched to receive the capitulation outside the south gate. Bi meanwhile entered the city by way of Bao City with a small escort, rode out through the south gate, and joined the ceremony to show that the Mongols meant no treachery. By imperial decree he was appointed Zhaoyong Grand General, darughachi of the Yangzhou prefectural headquarters, while retaining his ten-thousand-household command. That winter he was reassigned as Pacification Commissioner for Huangzhou and neighboring circuits.

十五年，入朝，升中奉大夫、江淮行中書省參知政事，行黃州等路宣慰使。盜起淮西司空山，弼平之。十七年，南康都昌盜起，弼往討，誅其親黨數十人，脅從者宥之。江州宣課司稅及民米，米商避去，民皆閉門罷市，弼立罷之。十九年，改浙西宣慰使。二十一年，黃華反建寧，春復霖雨，米價踴貴，弼即發米十萬石，平價糶之，而後聞於省。省臣欲增其價，弼曰：「吾不可失信，寧輟吾俸以足之。」省不能奪，益出十萬石，民得不饑。改淮東宣慰使。弼凡三官揚州，人喜，刻石頌之，號《三至碑》。遷僉書沿江行樞密院事，鎮建康。

In the fifteenth year he traveled to court and was promoted to Middle Commissioner Grandee and Assistant Administrator of the Jiang-Huai Branch Secretariat, while continuing to serve as acting Pacification Commissioner for Huangzhou and the surrounding circuits. When bandits broke out on Mount Sikong in western Huai, Bi suppressed them. In the seventeenth year rebels erupted at Duchang in Nankang. Bi marched against them, put several dozen ringleaders and their kin to death, and spared those who had been forced to follow. The Jiangzhou revenue office had begun taxing the grain people kept at home, driving merchants away and shutting the markets. Bi at once canceled the tax. In the nineteenth year his post was changed to Pacification Commissioner of western Zhe. In the twenty-first year Huang Hua rose in rebellion at Jianning. Relentless spring rains sent grain prices soaring, and Bi promptly released one hundred thousand shi of rice and sold it at a fixed fair price, notifying the provincial authorities only afterward. The provincial officials wanted to mark up the price, but Bi said, "I will not go back on my word; I would give up my own salary to cover the shortfall." The province could not change his mind and supplied an additional hundred thousand shi, so the people escaped hunger. He was transferred to the post of Pacification Commissioner of eastern Huai. Bi held office in Yangzhou on three separate occasions, and the people, delighted by his rule, erected a commemorative stele known as the Stele of Three Appointments. He was moved to Associate Director of the Yangtze River Branch Bureau of Military Affairs and took command at Jiankang.

二十六年，平台州盜楊鎮龍，拜尚書左丞，行淮東宣慰使。冬，入朝，時世祖欲徵爪哇，謂弼曰：「諸臣為吾腹心者少，欲以爪哇事付汝。」對曰：「陛下命臣，臣何敢自愛！」二十七年，遙授尚書省左丞，行浙東宣慰使，平處州盜。二十九年，拜榮祿大夫、福建等處行中書省平章政事，往徵爪哇，以亦黑迷失、高興副之，付金符百五十、幣帛各二百，以待有功。十二月，弼以五千人合諸軍，發泉州。風急濤涌，舟掀簸，士卒皆數日不能食。過七洲洋、萬里石塘，歷交趾、占城界，明年正月，至東董西董山、牛崎嶼，入混沌大洋橄欖嶼，假裡馬答、勾闌等山，駐兵伐木，造小舟以入。時爪哇與鄰國葛郎構怨，爪哇主哈只葛達那加剌已為葛郎主哈只葛當所殺，其婿土罕必闍耶攻哈只葛當，不勝，退保麻喏八歇。聞弼等至，遣使以其國山川、戶口及葛郎國地圖迎降，求救。弼與諸將進擊葛郎兵，大破之，哈只葛當走歸國。高興言：「瓜哇雖降，倘中變，與葛郎合，則孤軍懸絕，事不可測。」弼遂分兵三道，與興及亦黑迷失各將一道，攻葛郎。至答哈城，葛郎兵十餘萬迎敵，自旦至午，葛郎兵敗，入城自守，遂圍之。哈只葛當出降，並取其妻子官屬以歸。土罕必闍耶乞歸易降表，及所藏珍寶入朝，弼與亦黑迷失許之，遣萬戶擔只不丁、甘州不花以兵二百人護之還國。土罕必闍耶於道殺二人以叛，乘軍還，夾路攘奪。弼自斷後，且戰且行，行三百里，得登舟。行六十八日夜，達泉州，士卒死者三千餘人。有司數其俘獲金寶香布等，直五十餘萬，又以沒理國所上金字表及金銀犀象等物進，事具高興及爪哇國傳。於是朝廷以其亡失多，杖十七，沒家貲三之一。

In the twenty-sixth year he put down the Taizhou bandit Yang Zhenlong, was appointed Left Vice Minister of the Secretariat, and continued to serve as acting Pacification Commissioner of eastern Huai. That winter he returned to court. Kublai was then planning an expedition against Java and told Bi, "Few of my officials are truly close to my heart; I mean to place the Java campaign in your hands." Bi answered, "When Your Majesty commands, how could your servant hold anything back!" In the twenty-seventh year he received a remote appointment as Left Vice Minister of the Secretariat, served as acting Pacification Commissioner of eastern Zhe, and put down the Chuzhou bandits. In the twenty-ninth year he was made Grand Master for Glorious Happiness and Grand Councillor of the Fujian Branch Secretariat and sent to lead the expedition against Java, with Yi Heimishi and Gao Xing as his lieutenants; one hundred fifty gold tallies and two hundred each of silks and brocades were placed at his disposal to reward merit. In the twelfth month Bi assembled the combined forces—five thousand men under his command—and sailed from Quanzhou. Fierce winds and towering seas tossed the ships until the men went days without a proper meal. They crossed the Sea of the Seven Isles and the Myriad-Li Stone Bank, skirted the territories of Jiaozhi and Champa, and in the first month of the next year came to the East Dong and West Dong mountains and Niuqi Isle, entered the Chaos Great Ocean and Olive Isle, and passed Jialimada, Goulan, and other islands; there they camped, felled timber, and built small craft for the final approach. Java was then at odds with neighboring Gelang: the Javanese king Haji Gadanajialu had already been slain by Gelang's ruler Haji Gedang, and his son-in-law Tuhan Pijaya marched against Haji Gedang, was defeated, and fell back to defend Majapahit. Learning that Bi's force had arrived, he dispatched envoys bearing maps of his realm's terrain and population, together with charts of Gelang, to submit and beg for aid. Bi and his commanders pressed the attack against Gelang's army and broke it utterly; Haji Gedang fled home. Gao Xing warned, "Java may have submitted, but if they turn on us and join Gelang, our force will be stranded and alone—and no one can say what will follow." Bi accordingly split his force into three columns—he, Xing, and Yi Heimishi each leading one—and marched on Gelang. At Daha city more than one hundred thousand Gelang soldiers came out to fight; from morning until noon they were beaten back into the walls, and the city was put under siege. Haji Gedang surrendered in person, and Bi's force carried off his wife, children, and entire retinue of officials. Tuhan Pijaya asked leave to go home, revise his submission, and bring his hoarded treasures to court; Bi and Yi Heimishi consented and dispatched the myriarchs Danzhibuding and Ganzhou Buhua with two hundred men to escort him home. On the road Tuhan Pijaya murdered two men and rose in revolt; when the army withdrew, his followers looted both flanks of the line of march. Bi himself held the rear, fighting all the way; after three hundred li of retreat under fire, his men at last reached the boats. Sixty-eight days and nights at sea brought them back to Quanzhou, but more than three thousand men had perished. Officials reckoned the seized gold, jewels, aromatics, and cloth at more than five hundred thousand in value, and also forwarded the gold-letter memorial from Moli together with gold, silver, rhinoceros horn, elephants, and other tribute; the details appear in the biographies of Gao Xing and in the Java account. The court then punished him with seventeen strokes of the rod and seized one-third of his estate, judging that the expedition's losses had been too great.

高興，字功起，蔡州人也。其先自薊徙汴。曾祖拱之，祖子洵，世以農為業。金末兵亂，父青又徙蔡而生興。興少慷慨，多大節，力輓二石弓。嘗步獵南陽山中，遇虎，跳踉大吼，眾皆驚走，興神色自若，發一矢斃之。至元十一年冬，挾八騎詣黃州，謁宋制置陳奕。奕使隸麾下，且奇興相貌，以甥女妻之。

Gao Xing, styled Gongqi, came from Caizhou. His forebears had migrated from Ji to Bian. His great-grandfather Gongzhi and grandfather Zixun had farmed for generations. When the Jin dynasty collapsed in war, his father Qing moved once more to Cai, where Xing was born. As a young man Xing was open-handed and high-principled, and strong enough to pull a two-stone bow. Once, hunting on foot in the Nanyang hills, he came upon a tiger that sprang and bellowed; the others scattered in terror, but Xing never changed color and dropped the beast with a single arrow. In the winter of Zhiyuan 11 he rode to Huang Prefecture with eight companions to call on the Song frontier commissioner Chen Yi. Yi took him into his service, was struck by his bearing, and gave him his niece as wife.

十二年，丞相伯顏伐宋，至黃州，興從奕出降，伯顏承制授興千戶。從破瑞昌之烏石堡、張家寨，進拔南陵。行省上其功，世祖命興專將一軍，常為先鋒。宋張濡殺使者嚴忠范等於獨松關，伯顏使興討之。師次溧陽，再戰，斬其將三人、士卒三人，虜四十二人，遂破溧陽，斬首七千級，授金符，為管軍總管。從戰銀墅，斬宋將三人、士卒二千人。拔建平，斬其總制二人，虜知縣事黃君濯。由間道奪獨松關，進至武康，擒張濡。

In the twelfth year, when Chancellor Bayan marched against Song and reached Huang Prefecture, Xing followed Yi in surrendering; Bayan, acting on imperial authority, made him a chiliarch. He fought at the capture of Wushi Fort and Zhangjia Stockade in Ruichang and helped push on to take Nanling. When the Branch Secretariat reported his achievements, Kublai gave him an independent command and regularly placed him in the van. When the Song commander Zhang Ru murdered the envoys Yan Zhongfan and others at Dusong Pass, Bayan dispatched Xing to bring him to account. His force camped at Liyang and, after two engagements, killed three enemy commanders and three soldiers and took forty-two prisoners; Liyang fell, seven thousand heads were counted, and Xing received a gold tally and appointment as army overseer general. At Yinshu he fought under Bayan's command, killing three Song generals and two thousand soldiers. He stormed Jianping, killed two Song overall commanders, and captured the prefectural administrator Huang Junzhuo. He took a hidden path to seize Dusong Pass, pushed on to Wukang, and captured Zhang Ru.

十三年春，宋降，伯顏北還，留興以兵取郡縣之未下者，降建德守方回、婺州守劉怡。衢、婺二州已降復叛，章焴自為婺守，興以五千人討之，七戰，至破溪，相持四十餘日。興兵少不敵，力戰潰圍出，至建德境，與援兵合。復進戰蘭溪，斬首三千級，復取婺州，擒章焴斬之。進戰衢城下，斬首五百級。連戰赤山、陳家山、江山縣，斬首三千級，虜五百人，獻魏福興等七人於行省，餘盡戮之，衢州平。追宋嗣秀王與綍入閩，與綍據橋，陣水南，興率奇兵奪橋進戰，殺其觀察使李世達，斬首三千餘級，擒與綍父子及其小王二、裨將二，獲印五、馬五百匹。下興化，降宋參知政事陳文龍、制置印德傅等百四十人，軍三千，水手七千，獲海舶七千餘艘。遷鎮國上將軍、管軍萬戶。十四年春，還鎮婺州，佩元降虎符，充衢婺招討使。東陽、玉山群盜張念九、強和尚等殺宣慰使陳佑於新昌，興捕斬之。復從都元帥忙古台平福、建、漳三州，破敏陽寨，屠福成寨。十五年夏，詔忙古台立行省於福建，興立行都元帥府於建寧以鎮之。政和人黃華，邵武人高日新、高從周聚眾叛，皆討降之，以招討使行右副都元帥。

In the spring of the thirteenth year, after Song's surrender, Bayan withdrew north and left Xing to reduce the remaining prefectures and counties; he secured the submission of Jiande's defender Fang Hui and Wuzhou's defender Liu Yi. Qu and Wu had submitted and risen again; Zhang Yu declared himself prefect of Wu, and Xing marched against him with five thousand men—seven battles in all, reaching Poxi, where the two sides faced each other for more than forty days. Outnumbered, Xing fought his way out of the encirclement, reached Jiande, and linked up with reinforcements. He returned to the attack at Lanxi, counted three thousand heads, retook Wuzhou, captured Zhang Yu, and executed him. He pressed the fight beneath the walls of Qu Prefecture and took five hundred heads. In a series of battles at Chishan, Chenjiashan, and Jiangshan County he counted three thousand heads and five hundred prisoners; Wei Fuxing and six others were sent to the Branch Secretariat, the rest were put to the sword, and Qu Prefecture was brought to order. He chased the Song heir Prince Xi, Yu Zhuo, into Fujian; Yu Zhuo held a bridge and drew up south of the river, but Xing led a surprise force to seize the crossing and attack, killing the observation commissioner Li Shida, counting more than three thousand heads, and capturing Yu Zhuo, his father and son, two minor princes, and two sub-generals, together with five seals and five hundred horses. Xinghua fell; Chen Wenlong, Vice Grand Councillor of Song, the frontier commissioner Yin Defu, and one hundred forty others submitted, along with three thousand soldiers and seven thousand sailors, and more than seven thousand seagoing ships were taken. He was promoted to General Who Guards the State and made an army overseer myriarch. In the spring of the fourteenth year he resumed command at Wuzhou, bearing the Yuan surrender tiger tally as Pacification Commissioner for Qu and Wu. Zhang Nianjiu, Qiangheshang, and other bandit leaders of Dongyang and Yushan murdered Pacification Commissioner Chen You at Xinchang; Xing hunted them down and executed them. He again served under Supreme Commander Mangutai in reducing Fu, Jian, and Zhang Prefectures, stormed Minyang Stockade, and wiped out Fucheng Stockade. In the summer of the fifteenth year Mangutai was ordered to set up a Branch Secretariat in Fujian, and Xing established a Branch Supreme Command at Jianning to hold the region. Huang Hua of Zhenghe and Gao Rixin and Gao Congzhou of Shaowu raised rebellions; Xing suppressed them all and received them back to submission, serving thereafter as Pacification Commissioner and acting Right Vice Commander-in-Chief.

十六年秋，召入朝，侍燕大明殿，悉獻江南所得珍寶，世祖曰：「卿何不少留以自奉。」對曰：「臣素貧賤，今幸富貴，皆陛下所賜，何敢隱俘獲之物！」帝悅，曰：「直臣也。」興因奏所部士卒戰功，乞官之，帝命自定其秩，頒爵賞有差。遷興浙東道宣慰使，賜西錦服、金線鞍轡。奉省檄，討處州、福建及溫、台海洋群盜，平之。十七年，漳州盜數萬據高安寨，官軍討之，二年不能下。詔以興為福建等處徵蠻右副都元帥。興與都元帥完者都等討之，直抵其壁，賊乘高瞰下擊之。興命人挾束薪蔽身，進至山半，棄薪而退，如是六日，誘其矢石殆盡，乃燃薪焚其柵，遂平之，斬賊魁及其黨首二萬級。十八年，盜陳吊眼聚眾十萬，連五十餘寨，扼險自固。興攻破其十五寨，吊眼走保千壁嶺。興上至山半，誘與語，接其手，掣下擒斬之，漳州境悉平。

In the autumn of the sixteenth year he was called to court, attended a banquet in the Daming Hall, and turned over every treasure he had taken in Jiangnan; Kublai asked, "Why didn't you keep some for yourself?" He answered, "I have always been poor and obscure; whatever wealth and rank I now enjoy comes from Your Majesty—how could I withhold captured goods!" The Emperor was pleased and said, "An honest minister." Xing then submitted a memorial on his soldiers' battlefield achievements and asked that they be appointed to office; the Emperor told him to set their ranks himself and distributed titles and rewards according to merit. Xing was made Pacification Commissioner of Zhedong Circuit and received western brocade robes and a gold-thread saddle and bridle. Acting on orders from the Branch Secretariat, he suppressed the sea bandits troubling Chuzhou, Fujian, Wenzhou, and Taizhou. In the seventeenth year several tens of thousands of bandits in Zhangzhou held Gao'an Stockade; the government army besieged them for two years without success. An edict made Xing Right Vice Commander-in-Chief for the punitive campaign against the Man in Fujian and neighboring regions. Xing and Supreme Commander Wan Zhedu marched on the stronghold and pushed straight to its walls; the bandits, holding the heights, rained blows down from above. For six days Xing had his men advance under bundles of firewood held as shields to mid-slope, then drop the wood and fall back—until the defenders' arrows and stones were nearly spent. He then set the firewood alight and burned the palisade, took the place, and beheaded the bandit chiefs and their lieutenants—twenty thousand heads in all. In the eighteenth year the bandit Chen Diaoyan mustered one hundred thousand men across more than fifty linked stockades and dug in on the choke points. Xing stormed fifteen of their camps; Chen Diaoyan fell back to Qianbi Ridge. Xing climbed halfway up the ridge, drew Chen into conversation, seized his hand, yanked him down, and killed him on the spot—and with that Zhangzhou was fully pacified.

十九年，入朝，賜銀五百兩、鈔二千五百貫，及錦服、鞍轡、弓矢，改浙西道宣慰使。降人黃華復叛，有眾十萬，興與戰於鉛山，獲八千人。華急攻建寧，興疾趨，與福建軍合，獲華將二人，華走江山洞。追至赤岩，華敗走，赴火死。二十一年，改淮東道宣慰使。二十三年，拜江淮行中書省參知政事，平婺州盜施再十。改浙東道宣慰使。二十四年，尚書省立，拜行尚書省參知政事，捕斬柳分司於婺州。丁母憂。詔起復，討處州盜詹老鷂、溫州盜林雄。興潛由青田搗其巢穴，戰葉山，擒老鷂及雄等二百餘人，斬於溫州市。又奉省檄平徽州盜汪千十等。二十八年，罷福建行省，以參知政事行福建宣慰使，諭漳州盜歐狗降之。召入朝，拜江西行省左丞。

In the nineteenth year he went to court and received five hundred taels of silver, twenty-five hundred strings of paper money, brocade robes, a saddle and bridle, and a bow with arrows; he was then appointed Pacification Commissioner of Zhexi Circuit. Huang Hua, a former surrender who had rebelled again with one hundred thousand followers, met Xing in battle at Qianshan; Xing took eight thousand prisoners. Huang Hua turned to storm Jianning; Xing raced to the scene, combined with Fujian forces, seized two of Huang's commanders, and Huang fled into Jiangshan Cave. Xing pursued him to Chiyan; Huang was routed, fled, and perished in a fire. In the twenty-first year he became Pacification Commissioner of Huaidong Circuit. In the twenty-third year he was named Vice Minister of the Jianghuai Branch Secretariat and put down the Wuzhou bandit Shi Zaishi. He was reassigned as Pacification Commissioner of Zhedong Circuit. When the Branch Secretariat was set up in the twenty-fourth year, he was made its Vice Minister and captured and executed Liu Fensi at Wuzhou. He withdrew to observe mourning for his mother. Recalled from mourning by edict, he marched against the Chuzhou bandit Zhan Laoyao and the Wenzhou bandit Lin Xiong. Xing stole a march through Qingtian and struck their lair; at Ye Mountain he fought, took Zhan Laoyao, Lin Xiong, and more than two hundred others prisoner, and executed them in Wenzhou. On further orders from the Branch Secretariat he suppressed the Huizhou bandits led by Wang Qianshi. In the twenty-eighth year, when the Fujian Branch Secretariat was abolished, he served as Vice Minister while acting as Fujian Pacification Commissioner and persuaded the Zhangzhou bandit Ou Gou to submit. Called to court, he was made Left Vice Minister of the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat.

二十九年，復立福建行省，拜右丞。爪哇黥使者孟琪，詔興為平章政事，與史弼、亦黑迷失帥師征之，賜玉帶、錦衣、甲胄、弓矢、大都良田千畝。三十年春，浮海抵爪哇。亦黑迷失將水軍，興將步軍，會八節澗，爪哇主婿土罕必闍耶降。進攻葛郎國，降其主哈只葛當，事見弼傳。又諭降諸小國。哈只葛當子昔剌八的、昔剌丹不合逃入山谷，興獨帥千人深入，虜昔刺丹不合。還至答哈城，史弼、亦黑迷失已遣使護土罕必闍耶歸國，具入貢禮。興深言其失計。土罕必闍耶果殺使者以叛，合眾來攻，興等力戰，卻之，遂誅哈只葛當父子以歸。詔治縱爪哇者，弼與亦黑迷失皆獲罪，興獨以不預議，且功多，賜金五十兩。

In the twenty-ninth year the Fujian Branch Secretariat was restored and he was named its Right Vice Minister. After the Javanese envoy Meng Qi was tattooed as punishment, an edict named Xing Grand Councillor and ordered him, with Shi Bi and Yi Heimishi, to lead an expedition against Java; he received a jade belt, brocade robes, armor, bow and arrows, and one thousand mu of farmland near the capital. In the spring of the thirtieth year the fleet sailed to Java. Yi Heimishi led the fleet while Xing led the foot soldiers; at Bajie Stream the Javanese ruler's son-in-law Tuhan Pijaya came over. They pushed on against Gelang and received the submission of its king Haji Gedang; the episode is told at length in Bi's biography. They also brought several minor kingdoms to submit. Haji Gedang's sons Xila Bade and Xila Danbuhe escaped into the hills; Xing alone took a thousand men into the interior and seized Xila Danbuhe. Back at Daha, Xing found that Shi Bi and Yi Heimishi had already dispatched an escort to send Tuhan Pijaya home with full tributary ceremony. Xing protested sharply that this was a grave mistake. Tuhan Pijaya did kill the envoys and rise in revolt, mustering his followers to attack—but Xing and his men fought them off, executed Haji Gedang and his son, and withdrew. The court moved to punish those who had let Java go free; Bi and Yi Heimishi were both condemned, but Xing—having had no part in the decision and having rendered the greater service—received fifty taels of gold.

子久住，泉州總管。長壽，同知建寧路總管府事。忙古台，襲萬戶。伯顏，同知寧國路總管府事。完者都，辰州路總管。寶哥，治書侍御史。

His son Jiuzhu served as Quanzhou Administrator. Changshou served as Assistant Administrator of Jianning Route Prefecture. Mangutai inherited the myriarch rank. Bayan served as Assistant Administrator of Ningguo Route Prefecture. Wan Zhedu served as Chenzhou Route Administrator. Baoge served as Secretariat Investigating Censor.

劉國傑

Liu Guojie

劉國傑，字國寶，本女真人也，姓烏古倫，後入中州，改姓劉氏。父德寧，為宗王斡臣必闍赤，授管領益都軍民公事。國傑貌魁雄，善騎射，膽力過人，少從軍漣海，以材武為隊長。至元六年，選其兵取襄陽，以益都新軍千戶從張弘范戍萬山堡。宋兵窺伺，眾出取薪，大出兵來攻堡，國傑等以數百人敗之，斬首四千餘級，由是有名。從略荊南，抵歸峽，轉戰數千里，還，破宋兵襄陽下。從攻樊城，破外城，火砲傷股，裹創復戰，平其外城，授武略將軍，佩金符。從破張貴兵櫃門關，戰甚力。再攻樊城，被傷數處，血戰，竟破之。襄陽降，世祖聞其勇，召見，遷武德將軍、管軍總管，賜銀百兩、錦衣、弓矢以寵之。

Liu Guojie, styled Guobao, was a Jurchen by origin, of the Wugulun clan; after entering the Central Plains he took the surname Liu. His father Dening had been a bichiq to Prince Ochen and was put in charge of military and civilian affairs at Yidu. Guojie was a towering figure, expert at mounted archery, with courage and strength beyond the common run; in youth he soldiered at Lianhai and, for his martial gifts, was made a squad leader. In Zhiyuan 6 his unit was chosen for the assault on Xiangyang; as chiliarch of the Yidu New Army he served under Zhang Hongfan garrisoning Wanshan Fort. Song scouts watched the fort; when the garrison went out for firewood, the Song launched a major assault—but Guojie and a few hundred men routed them, counting more than four thousand heads, and his name was made. He campaigned in the reduction of Jingnan, reached Guixia, and fought across thousands of li; on his return he broke Song forces beneath Xiangyang. At the assault on Fancheng he breached the outer wall, took a fire-lance wound to the thigh, bound the injury and went back into the fight, reduced the outer city, and was made General of Military Strategy with a gold tally. He followed the victory over Zhang Gui's force at Guimeng Pass and fought with exceptional vigor. He returned to the assault on Fancheng, took wounds in several places, fought on through the bloodshed, and at last took the city. When Xiangyang fell, Kublai heard of his valor and summoned him to court; he was made General of Martial Virtue and chief army overseer, and honored with a hundred taels of silver, brocade robes, and bow and arrows.

從伯顏南征。十一年，次郢州。宋兵扼漢水，不得下，伯顏謀取黃家灣堡以入漢，國傑先登，拔之，加武節將軍。從破沙洋、新城，敗孫虎臣丁家洲，戰甚力，進萬戶。復從阿術取淮南，別軍揚子橋，扼宋兵道。宋以萬眾夜奪堡，擊走之，擒其都統張林。宋將張世傑盛兵出焦山來御師，施鐵繩，聯戰船，碇江中，以示必死。阿術率諸軍進戰，萬戶劉琛由江南繞其後，國傑與董文炳左右夾擊之，焚其戰船，世傑軍大潰，追奔圌山，奪黃鷂船數百艘。帝壯之，詔加懷遠大將軍，賜號霸都，國傑行第二，因呼之曰劉二霸都而不名。霸都，華言敢勇之士也。

He followed Bayan in the southern campaign. In the eleventh year (1274) he halted at Ezhou. Song forces held the Han River and barred the downstream route; Bayan planned to seize Huangjiawan Fort to gain the Han. Guojie was first over the wall and took it, and was promoted to General of Martial Integrity. He helped reduce Shayang and Xincheng, routed Sun Huchen at Dingjiazhou, fought with exceptional vigor, and was promoted to wanhu. He again campaigned with Aju to take Huainan, detached troops at Yangzi Bridge, and cut the Song army's line of march. The Song launched a night assault with ten thousand men to retake the fort; he repulsed them and captured their commander-in-chief Zhang Lin. Song general Zhang Shijie concentrated his forces at Jiaoshan to meet the invaders, strung iron chains, lashed warships together, and moored the fleet mid-river to show they would fight to the death. Aju led the armies into the fight, while wanhu Liu Chen swung behind them from south of the Yangtze; Guojie and Dong Wenbing struck from both flanks, burned the enemy fleet, and Shijie's army broke completely. They pursued the rout to Tuanshan and captured several hundred yellow-oriole warships. The emperor was impressed and promoted him to Grand General of Cherishing the Remote with the honorific Badu. As Guojie was second in birth order, men called him Liu the Second Badu rather than by his personal name. Badu—in Chinese, it means a man bold and brave.

宋亡，入朝，加僉書西川行樞密院事，選淮南兵，使將之平蜀。未行，會北邊有警，加鎮國上將軍、漢軍都元帥，將衛兵定北方。冬，召還，帝親解衣加玉帶賜之。十五年，復將左、右、中三衛兵，戍北邊，詔「有不用命者，斬之以聞」。十六年，諸王脫脫木反，寇和林。國傑度其眾悉至，營中必虛，選輕騎襲之，獲其眾萬計。脫脫木屢戰不利，又殘暴，失眾心，眾殺之來降。十八年，加輔國上將軍。十九年，征東兵無功而還，帝怒，將盡罷大小將校，召國傑為征東行省左丞。既至，帝語之故，國傑曰：「罪在元帥耳，倘蒙聖慈，復諸將之職，彼必人人思奮，以雪前恥矣。」帝從之。盡復其官，以屬國傑徵日本。會黃華反建寧，乃命國傑以征東兵會江淮參政伯顏等討之。國傑破赤岩寨，黃華自殺，餘眾皆潰。福建行省左丞忽剌出將兵來會梧桐川，欲搜賊潰去者盡殺之，國傑曰：「首亂者，華也，餘皆脅從，招諭不歸，誅之未晚。」未幾，眾果出降。二十二年，罷征東省，除僉書沿江行樞密院，改僉院。

After the Song fell he came to court, was appointed Associate Director of the Western Sichuan Mobile Bureau of Military Affairs, mustered Huainan troops, and was ordered to lead them in the pacification of Shu. Before he marched, trouble flared on the northern frontier; he was made Grand General of Pacifying the State and supreme commander of Han armies, and led the imperial guard north to restore order. That winter he was recalled to court; the emperor took off his own robe and girded him with a jade belt. In the fifteenth year he again led the Left, Right, and Center Guard armies to garrison the north, with an edict reading: "Anyone who refuses orders is to be beheaded and reported." In the sixteenth year Prince Totuomu rebelled and invaded Keren. Guojie reckoned the rebels had marched out in full strength and left their camp bare; he sent light cavalry against it and took captives by the tens of thousands. Totuomu had lost fight after fight; his cruelty cost him his men's loyalty, and they killed him and came over to the government side. In the eighteenth year he was promoted to Grand General Assisting the State. In the nineteenth year the army sent against Japan returned without result; the emperor was furious and meant to strip every officer of rank. He summoned Guojie and made him Left Vice Director of the Eastern Expedition Branch Secretariat. Once he arrived, the emperor explained the situation. Guojie said, "The blame rests on the commander alone. If Your Majesty in your mercy restores the generals to their posts, each man will burn to redeem the earlier disgrace." The emperor agreed. Every rank was restored, and the forces were placed under Guojie's command for the Japan expedition. Just then Huang Hua rose at Jianning; Guojie was ordered to bring the Eastern Expedition troops and join Jiang-Huai associate administrator Bayan and others to suppress the rebellion. Guojie overran Chiyan Stockade; Huang Hua took his own life, and the rest of his force scattered. Fujian left vice director Hulachu marched to join him at Wutong Stream and proposed to hunt down every fleeing rebel and slaughter them. Guojie said, "Hua alone led this rebellion; the rest were forced to follow. If they will not heed a summons, it will still be time enough to punish them." Before long they did indeed come forward and surrender. In the twenty-second year the Eastern Expedition administration was dissolved; he was appointed Associate Director of the Yangzi River Mobile Bureau of Military Affairs, later retitled Associate of the Bureau.

二十三年，朝廷以湖廣重地，且多盜，拜本省左丞。國傑至，首平湖南盜李萬二。明年，廣東盜起，寇肇慶，其魁鄧太獠居前寨，劉太獠居後寨，相依以為固。國傑趨搗後寨，破之，遂拔前寨，擒斬二人，捕民結盜者，皆杖殺之。加資德大夫。二十五年，湖南盜詹一仔誘衡、永、寶慶、武岡人，嘯聚四望山，官軍久不能討。國傑破之，斬首盜，餘眾悉降。將校請曰：「此輩久亂，急則降，降而有釁，復反矣，不如盡坑之。」國傑曰：「多殺不可，況殺降耶！吾有以處之矣。」乃相要地為三屯：在衡曰清化，在永曰烏符，在武岡曰白倉，遷其眾守之，每屯五百人，以備賊，且墾廢田榛棘，使賊不得為巢穴。降者有故田宅，盡還之，無者，使雜耕屯中，後皆為良民。

In the twenty-third year the court, seeing Huguang as a vital province riddled with bandits, appointed him its left vice director. When Guojie took up his post, his first victory was over the Hunan bandit Li Wan'er. The following year Guangdong bandits rose and attacked Zhaoqing; their chiefs Deng Tailiao held the forward camp and Liu Tailiao the rear, each reinforcing the other. Guojie drove straight at the rear camp, broke it, then overran the forward stockade, captured and executed both chiefs, and had every civilian who had thrown in with the bandits beaten to death. He was promoted to Grand Master of Resourceful Virtue. In the twenty-fifth year the Hunan bandit Zhan Yizi drew men from Heng, Yong, Baqing, and Wugang to rally at Siwang Mountain; government troops had failed to crush them for months. Guojie routed them, beheaded the bandit chief, and the rest surrendered en masse. His officers urged: "These men have been rebels for years—they yield when cornered, then rebel again at the first opening. Better to bury the lot of them." Guojie replied, "Mass killing is wrong—and how much worse to slaughter men who have surrendered! I have a way to deal with them." He then established three garrisons at strategic points—Qinghua in Heng, Wufu in Yong, and Baicang in Wugang—and resettled the surrendered men there, five hundred to each post, to keep watch against bandits while clearing abandoned fields choked with brambles so the rebels would have nowhere to hide. Those who had owned land or homes before the rebellion got their property back; the rest were settled to farm within the garrisons. In time they all became ordinary, law-abiding subjects.

有詔討江西諸盜，國傑趨赴之。十一月，破蕭太獠於陳古水，斬數百人，進平懷集諸寨賊。二十六年春，東入肇慶，攻閆太獠於清遠，還攻蕭太獠於懷集，擒之，復攻走嚴太獠。四月，攻曾太獠於金林，又破走之。賊深入保險，國傑鑿山而入，賊眾五千人，掩殺略盡。七月，次賀州，兵士冒瘴，皆疫，國傑親撫視之，療以醫藥，多得不死。會國傑亦病，乃移軍道州。廣東盜陳太獠寇道州，國傑討擒之。遂攻拔赤水賊寨。二十七年，江西盜起龍泉，下令往擊之，諸將交諫曰：「此他省盜也。」國傑曰：「縱寇生患，患將難圖，豈可以彼此言耶！」乃選輕兵，棄旗鼓，去纓飾，一日夜趨賊境。賊眾數千逆戰，望見軍容不整，曰：「此鄉丁也。」易之。國傑以數十騎陷陣，眾從之，賊大敗，斬首五百餘級，奪所掠男女，日暮，忽收兵去。堡中民望見，怪之，莫知其誰。明日，又忽至，召堡民歸其男子曰：「吾劉二霸都也。」民皆驚以為神，因告別盜鐘太獠居南安十八耒。國傑乘霧，突入其巢。賊眾驚亂，自相蹂踐，官軍搏之，自旦至午，所擒殺甚眾，還兵桂東。二月，龍泉盜復寇酃縣，國傑遂還酃。賊退保大井山，乃分軍三道趨之。道險，棄馬而入。時天大雨，賊不為備，盡掩殺之，還鎮道州。八月，永州盜李末子千七寇全州，敗官兵，殺郡長官土魯。國傑進討，擒之，梟首而還。以前後功，加湖廣右丞。

An edict came to suppress the Jiangxi bandits, and Guojie hurried to answer it. In the eleventh month he routed Xiao Tailiao at Chengu River, beheaded several hundred men, and went on to pacify the bandit stockades of Huaiji. In the spring of the twenty-sixth year he marched east into Zhaoqing, struck Yan Tailiao at Qingyuan, then swung back to Huaiji, captured Xiao Tailiao, and finally routed a second Yan Tailiao. In the fourth month he attacked Zeng Tailiao at Jinlin and drove him off once more. The bandits had retreated into mountain fastnesses; Guojie opened a path through the rock and fell on them, slaughtering nearly all five thousand. In the seventh month he encamped at Hezhou; the troops, wracked by malarial fever, were stricken with disease. Guojie tended them personally, provided medical care, and saved many lives. Guojie then fell ill himself and shifted the army to Daozhou. When the Guangdong bandit Chen Tailiao raided Daozhou, Guojie pursued him and took him captive. He next stormed and took the Chishui bandit stronghold. In 1290 bandits broke out in Longquan in Jiangxi; Guojie ordered a strike, but his officers protested in turn: "Those are out-of-province bandits." Guojie replied: "Let bandits fester and the trouble becomes hard to uproot—what room is there to argue 'our province' and 'theirs'?" He picked light troops, stripped away banners, drums, and plume crests, and in a single day and night raced into bandit country. Several thousand bandits came out to fight; seeing a ragged formation, they cried: "Nothing but village levies." And took them lightly. Guojie plunged in with a few dozen horsemen; the rest followed; the bandits were routed, five hundred heads counted, captives reclaimed—and at dusk he suddenly withdrew. People in the nearby fort watched, baffled, unable to say who these men were. Next day he appeared again, gathered the fort folk, restored their men, and said: "I am Liu the Second Bada." The people were thunderstruck, as if he were divine; they then pointed him to another band, Zhong Tailiao, entrenched at Shibalei in Nan'an. Guojie rode the fog and smashed into their lair. The bandits panicked and trampled one another; government troops closed in; from dawn till noon the toll was heavy, then he marched back to Guidong. In the second month the Longquan bandits raided Ling County again; Guojie wheeled back to Ling. The bandits fell back to Mount Dajing; he split his force three ways and closed in. Where the paths turned treacherous, they left their horses and went on foot. A heavy rain was falling and the bandits had not mounted a defense; he wiped them out and returned to Daozhou. In the eighth month the Yongzhou outlaw Li Mozi Qianqi raided Quanzhou, routed the government force, and killed the prefectural chief Tulu. Guojie marched against him, took him alive, impaled his head for display, and returned. For his cumulative service he was promoted to Right Vice Minister of Huguang.

二十八年，置湖廣等處行樞密院，遷副使，還軍武昌。秋，廣東盜再起，國傑復出道州。時知上思州黃勝許恃其險遠，與交趾為表裡，寇邊。二十九年，詔國傑討之。賊眾勁悍，出入岩洞篁竹中如飛鳥，發毒矢，中人無愈者。國傑身率士奮戰，賊不能敵，走象山。山近交趾，皆深林，不可入，乃度其出入，列柵圍之。徐伐山通道，且戰且進，二年，拔其寨。勝許挺身走交趾，擒其妻子殺之。國傑三以書責交趾索勝許，交趾竟匿不與。夏，師還，盡取賊巢地為屯田，募慶遠諸僮人耕之，以為兩江蔽障。後蠻人謂屯為省地，莫敢犯者。詔遣使即軍中以玉帶賜之。三十年，入朝，帝謂朝臣曰：「湖廣重地，惟劉二霸都足以鎮此，他人不能也。」命無遷他官。俄議問罪交趾，加湖廣安南行平章事，以諸王亦吉列台為監軍征之。未行，會帝崩，乃止。

In 1291 a Huguang Branch Bureau of Military Affairs was set up; Guojie became its Vice Commissioner and brought the army back to Wuchang. That autumn Guangdong bandits flared up again, and Guojie once more took the field from Daozhou. Huang Shengxu, the intendant of Shangsi Prefecture, counted on its rugged remoteness and struck the frontier in league with Annam, inside and out. In 1292 the throne ordered Guojie to suppress him. The bandits were hard fighters, darting among cliff caves and bamboo groves like birds, loosing poisoned shafts from which no victim recovered. Guojie led the charge in person; the bandits could not hold and fled to Elephant Mountain. The mountain lay close to Annam in deep forest impenetrable to assault; he mapped their routes, ringed them with palisades, and tightened the siege. Bit by bit he cut paths through the hills, fighting as he advanced, and in two years took their stronghold. Shengxu slipped into Annam; Guojie seized his wife and children and executed them. Guojie wrote Annam three times, pressing for Shengxu; Annam hid him and refused to yield him up. That summer the army withdrew; he converted every bandit nest into garrison farms, hiring Zhuang labor from Qingyuan to work them as a bulwark for the Two Rivers frontier. Later the tribesmen called the garrison fields "provincial ground," and no one dared trespass. An imperial order sent envoys to the camp to present him with a jade belt. In 1293 he came to court; the emperor told his ministers: "Huguang is a weighty post—only Liu the Second Bada can hold it; no one else will do." He was ordered to keep that commission and accept no transfer. Soon the court debated a punitive strike on Annam; Guojie was made Grand Councillor of the Huguang-Annam Branch, with Prince Yijilie as supervising general of the expedition. Before the march could begin the emperor died and the plan was shelved.

成宗即位，復置行樞密院於衡州。仍除副使。初，黔中諸蠻酋既內附復叛，又巴洞何世雄犯澧州，泊崖洞田萬頃、楠木洞孟再師犯辰州，朝廷嘗討降之。升泊崖為施溶州，以萬頃知州事。三十一年，萬頃復叛，攻之，不能下。至是，帝即位，赦天下，並赦萬頃等，亦不降，帝以命國傑。九月，國傑馳至辰，進攻明溪賊魯萬醜，擁眾自上流而下，千戶崔忠、百戶馬孫兒戰死。十月，進兵桑木溪，萬醜復以千人拒戰，擊卻之。明日，萬醜倍眾來攻，國傑鼓之，百戶李旺率死士陷陣，眾軍齊奮，賊敗，遂破其巢，焚之。進攻施溶，部將田榮祖請曰：「施溶，萬頃之腹心，石農次、三羊峰，其左右臂也，宜先斷其臂，而後腹心乃可攻。」國傑曰：「甚善。」麾諸軍攻石農次，賊不能支，棄寨遁，遂拔施溶，擒萬頃，斬之。復窮捕其黨，攀崖緣木而進，凡千餘里。元貞元年，即軍中加榮祿大夫、湖廣行省平章政事。辰、澧地接溪洞，宋嘗選民立屯，免其徭役，使御之，在澧者曰隘丁，在辰者寨兵，宋亡，皆廢，國傑悉復其制，班師。繼又經畫茶陵、衡、郴、道、桂陽，凡廣東、江西盜所出入之地，南北三千里，置戍三十有八，分屯將士以守之，由是東盡交廣，西亙黔中，地周湖廣，四境皆有屯戍，制度周密，諸蠻不能復寇，盜賊遂息。

When Chengzong took the throne, the Branch Bureau of Military Affairs was restored at Hengzhou. Guojie was reconfirmed as Vice Commissioner. Earlier, chieftains across central Guizhou had submitted and rebelled again; He Shixiong of Badong had raided Lizhou, while Tian Wanqing of Boya Cave and Meng Zaishi of Nanmu Cave harassed Chenzhou—and the court had once subdued them. Boya was raised to Shitong Prefecture, with Wanqing installed as its intendant. In 1294 Wanqing rose again; repeated attacks failed to bring him in. When the new emperor proclaimed a general amnesty that included Wanqing and his fellows, they still refused to yield; the throne turned the task over to Guojie. In the ninth month Guojie galloped to Chen and struck the Mingxi bandit Lu Wanchou, whose horde swept down from upstream; Chiliarch Cui Zhong and Centurion Ma Sun'er fell in the fight. In the tenth month he pushed to Sangmu Stream; Wanchou again barred his way with a thousand men and was driven off. Next day Wanchou returned at double strength; Guojie sounded the drums; Centurion Li Wang led a suicide squad into the fray; the whole line surged forward; the bandits broke, and Guojie overran their lair and burned it. As he pressed Shitong, his lieutenant Tian Rongzu urged: "Shitong is Wanqing's heart, but Shinnongci and Sanyang Peak are his arms—cut the arms before you strike the heart." Guojie said: "Well put." He sent the armies against Shinnongci; the bandits could not hold, fled their stockade, and he then took Shitong, seized Wanqing, and struck off his head. He pursued the remnants without quarter, climbing cliffs and trees for over a thousand li. In 1295, still in the field, he was promoted to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Grand Councillor of the Huguang Branch Secretariat. Chen and Li adjoined the stream gorges. The Song had once settled militia there, exempted them from labor service, and used them to guard the frontier—the Li garrisons were called aidi, the Chen ones stockade troops. After the Song fell the system lapsed; Guojie restored it in full and marched home. He then laid out defenses across Chaling, Heng, Chen, Dao, and Guiyang—every corridor bandits used between Guangdong and Jiangxi. Over three thousand li north to south he established thirty-eight posts and garrisoned troops along them, so that from Jiaozhi and Guang in the east to Qianzhong in the west the whole Huguang region was ringed with camps. The arrangement was tight; tribal raids stopped and banditry died away.

六月，入朝，賜玉帶、錦衣、弓矢，台臣言國傑在軍中每以家貲賞將士，帝命倍償之，部曲有功者，各遷官。大德五年，羅鬼女子蛇節反，烏撒、烏蒙、東川、芒部諸蠻從之，皆叛，陷貴州。詔國傑將諸翼兵，合四川、雲南、思播兵以討之。賊兵勁利，且多健馬，官軍戰失利。國傑令人持一盾，布釘其上，俟陣合，即棄盾偽遁，賊果逐之，馬奮不能止，遇盾皆倒，國傑鼓之，賊大敗。既而復合眾請戰，國傑不應，數日，度其氣衰，一鼓破走之，追戰數千里。七年春，擒斬蛇節、宋隆濟、阿女等，西南夷悉平。詔領其將士入見，張宴享之，賞賜甚厚。進光祿大夫，償其賞士金一千九百兩，鈔萬五千錠，將士遷官有差，命還益都上冢。

In the sixth month he came to court and received a jade belt, brocade robes, and arms. The censors reported that he had often paid his soldiers out of his own purse; the emperor ordered him reimbursed twofold, and every man in his command who had earned merit was promoted. In 1301 the Luogui chieftainess Shejie rose in revolt; the Wusa, Wumeng, Dongchuan, and Mangbu tribes joined her, and together they overran Guizhou. The court ordered Guojie to take the wing armies and combine with forces from Sichuan, Yunnan, and Sibo to crush the rebellion. The rebels fought hard and fielded many strong horses, and the government forces lost several engagements. Guojie had his men carry shields studded with nails. When the lines met they dropped the shields and pretended to flee; the rebels charged after them, their horses unable to pull up in time, and when they hit the nail-studded shields they went down in heaps. Guojie sounded the drums and routed them completely. They soon regrouped and offered battle again, but Guojie held back. After several days, judging their morale spent, he attacked in one rush, broke them, and pursued the fighting for thousands of li. In the spring of 1303 he captured and executed Shejie, Song Longji, Anü, and the other leaders, and the southwest was fully pacified. He was ordered to bring his officers and men to court; the emperor held a great banquet in their honor and lavished rewards upon them. He was promoted to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, reimbursed with nineteen hundred liang of gold and fifteen thousand ingots of paper money for his gifts to the troops, and his officers and soldiers were promoted according to merit; then he was sent home to Yidu to honor his ancestors' graves.

八年，還鎮。國傑久行邊，患瘴，至是病篤。平章卜鄰吉台率僚屬問之，國傑曰：「交賊不臣，若病幸小愈，得滅此虜，則死無憾矣。」問以家事，不言。二月卒，年七十二。

In 1304 he returned to his post. Guojie had spent years on the frontier and had contracted malaria; now he lay gravely ill. Councillor Bolinjietai came with his staff to visit him. Guojie said, "The Annamese rebels are still unsubdued. If my health should improve even a little and I could destroy them, I would die content." When they asked about his household affairs, he would not speak. He died in the second month at the age of seventy-two.

國傑性雄猛，視死如歸，嘗語人曰：「吾為國宣力，雖身棄草野不恨，何必馬革裹屍還葬哉！」且善推誠得士心，故能立功如此。訃聞，帝深悼惜，贈推忠效力定遠功臣、光祿大夫、司徒、柱國，封齊國公，謚武宣。

Guojie was fierce by nature and faced death as though going home. He once said, "I have given my strength to the state; if my body is left on the wild grass I shall not regret it—why must I be carried home wrapped in horsehide!" He won his men's loyalty through sincere dealing, and that is how he achieved such feats. When news of his death reached the court, the emperor mourned him deeply and posthumously honored him as Meritous Subject Who Pushed Loyalty and Exerted Strength to Pacify the Distance, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, Minister of Education, and Pillar of the State, created him Duke of Qi, and gave him the posthumous title Wuxuan, "Martial and Proclaiming."

子脫歡，湖廣行省平章政事，尚憲宗孫女。

His son Tuohuan served as Grand Councillor of the Huguang Branch Secretariat and married a granddaughter of Möngke.

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