1
資治通鑑第088卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 88.
2
卷第八十八
Volume 88.
3
【晉紀十】起玄黓涒灘，盡昭陽作噩，凡二年。
[Jin Annals, Part 10] This section runs from the second year of the sexagenary cycle (Xuanshi Tuoshan) through the thirty-eighth (Zhaoyang Zuoe)—two years in total.
4
孝懷皇帝下永嘉六年（ 壬申，公元三一二年）
Under Emperor Huai of Jin, the sixth year of the Yongjia era ( the year Renshen, 312 CE).
5
春，正月，漢呼延後卒，謚曰武元。
In spring, during the first month, Empress Huyan of Han died and was given the posthumous name Wuyuan.
6
漢鎮北將軍靳沖、平北將軍卜珝寇并州； 辛未，圍晉陽。
Han’s General Who Guards the North, Jin Chong, and General Who Pacifies the North, Bu Guang, invaded Bing Province; On the day Xinwei they laid siege to Jinyang.
7
甲戌，漢主聰以司空王育、尚書令任顗女為左、右昭儀，中軍大將軍王彰、中書監范隆、左僕射馬景女皆為夫人，右僕射朱紀女為貴妃，皆金印紫綬。 聰將納太保劉殷女，太弟乂固諫。 聰以問太宰延年、太傅景，皆曰：「太保自雲劉康公之後，與隆下殊源，納之何害！」 聰悅，拜殷二女英、娥為左、右貴嬪，位在昭儀上； 又納殷女孫四人皆為貴人，位次貴妃。 於是六劉之寵傾後宮，聰希復出外，事皆中黃門奏決。
On the day Jiaxu, Emperor Cong of Han appointed the daughters of Wang Yu, Minister of Works, and Ren Yi, Director of the Masters of Writing, as his Left and Right Zhaoyi; the daughters of Wang Zhang, General-in-Chief of the Center Army, Fan Long, Director of the Secretariat, and Ma Jing, Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, were all made imperial ladies; Zhu Ji’s daughter, wife of the Right Vice Director, became Noble Consort—all bearing gold seals and purple sashes. Cong planned to marry the daughters of Grand Guardian Liu Yin, but his younger brother, the heir apparent Yi, protested vigorously. Cong consulted Grand Preceptor Yan Nian and Grand Tutor Jing. Both said, "The Grand Guardian says he descends from Duke Kang of the Liu house—a different lineage from yours. What harm could there be in marrying his daughters?" Cong was pleased. He made Yin’s daughters Ying and E Left and Right Guibin, ranking above the Zhaoyi; and took four of Yin’s granddaughters as noble ladies, ranking just below the noble consort. The six Liu women then dominated the harem. Cong seldom left the palace; eunuchs reported and decided everything.
8
故新野王歆牙門將胡亢聚眾於竟陵，自號楚公，寇掠荊土，以歆南蠻司馬新野杜曾為竟陵太守。 曾勇冠三軍，能被甲游於水中。
Hu Kang, former gate commander to the deposed Prince Xin of Xinye, raised troops at Jingling, proclaimed himself Duke of Chu, and plundered Jing Province, appointing Du Zeng of Xinye—Southern Man marshal under Prince Xin—as prefect of Jingling. Du Zeng was the bravest man in the army and could fight in armor while swimming.
9
二月，壬子朔，日有食之。
In the second month, on the new moon (day Renzi), a solar eclipse occurred.
10
石勒築壘於葛陂，課農造舟，將攻建業。 琅邪王睿大集江南之眾於壽春，以鎮東長史紀瞻為揚威將軍，都督諸軍以討之。
Shi Le fortified Gebei, pressed the peasants into building boats, and prepared to strike Jianye. Prince Rui of Langye massed Jiangnan’s forces at Shouchun, appointed his Eastern Garrison chief clerk Ji Zhan as General Who Displays Might, and gave him overall command to oppose Shi Le.
11
會大雨，三月不止，勒軍中饑疫，死者太半，聞晉軍將至，集將佐議之。 右長史刁膺請先送款於睿，求掃平河朔以自贖，俟其軍退，徐更圖之，勒愀然長嘯。 中堅將軍夔安請就高避水，勒曰：「將軍何怯邪！」 孔萇等三十餘將請各將兵，分道夜攻壽春，斬吳將頭，據其城，食其粟。 要以今年破丹楊，定江南。 勒笑曰：「是勇將之計也！」 各賜鎧馬一匹。 顧謂張賓曰：「於君意何如？」 賓曰：「將軍攻陷京師，囚執天子，殺害王公，妻略妃主。 擢將軍之發，不足以數將軍之罪，奈何復相臣奉乎！ 去年既殺王彌，不當來此； 今天降霖雨於數百里中，示將軍不應留此也。 鄴有三台之固，西接平陽，山河四塞，宜北徙據之，以經營河北，河北既定，天下無處將軍之右者矣。 晉之保壽春，畏將軍往攻之耳。 彼聞吾去，喜於自全，何暇追襲吾後，為吾不利邪！ 將軍宜使輜重從北道先發，將軍引大兵向壽春。 輜重既遠，大兵徐還，何憂進退無地乎？」 勒攘袂鼓髯曰：「張君計是也！」 責刁膺曰：「君既相輔佐，當共成大功，奈何遽勸孤降！ 此策應斬！ 然素知君怯，特相宥耳。」 於是黜膺為將軍，擢賓為右長史，號曰「右侯」。
Heavy rains then fell for three months without cease. Famine and plague ravaged Le’s camp until more than half his men were dead. When word came that Jin armies were approaching, he called his officers to council. Right Chief Clerk Diao Ying urged sending terms to Rui first, pacifying the north to atone, then striking again once the Jin army withdrew. Le’s face darkened and he gave a long whistle. Center-Stalwart General Kui An proposed retreating to high ground to escape the floods. Le said, "General, why so faint-hearted?" Kong Chang and thirty-odd other commanders volunteered to lead separate columns in a night assault on Shouchun, behead the Wu commanders, hold the city, and live off its grain stores. They pledged to smash Danyang this year and secure Jiangnan. Le laughed. "A bold warrior’s scheme!" He rewarded each with a suit of armor and a horse. He turned to Zhang Bin. "What do you think?" Bin said, "You stormed the capital, seized the emperor, slaughtered princes and nobles, and ravished imperial women. Plucking every hair on your head would not exhaust your crimes—how could you now bow and serve them as a subject? After killing Wang Mi last year you should never have come south; Heaven now sends endless rain across hundreds of miles—clearly you should not stay here. Ye is fortified by the Three Platforms, borders Pingyang to the west, and is boxed in by mountains and rivers. Move north and hold it, consolidate Hebei, and none in the realm will rival you. Jin holds Shouchun only because they fear you will strike. When they hear we are leaving they will rejoice at being spared—why would they chase us or harm our retreat? Send your baggage train north first, then march the main army toward Shouchun. Once the train is far ahead, withdraw the main body at leisure—what fear of being trapped?" Le rolled up his sleeves and tugged his beard. "Master Zhang is right!" He turned on Diao Ying: "You were to help me win greatness—why urge surrender so soon? That advice deserves death! But I have always known you for a coward, so I spare you." He demoted Ying to a field command and made Bin Right Chief Clerk, calling him "the Right Marquis."
12
勒引兵發葛陂，遣石虎帥騎二千向壽春，遇晉運船，虎將士爭取之，為紀瞻所敗。 瞻追奔百里，前及勒軍，勒結陳待之； 瞻不敢擊，退還壽春。
Le marched from Gebei and sent Shi Hu with two thousand cavalry toward Shouchun. They intercepted Jin supply boats; Hu’s men fought to seize them but Ji Zhan routed them. Zhan pursued a hundred li and caught Le’s main force. Le drew up in battle order; Zhan dared not attack and withdrew to Shouchun.
13
漢主聰封帝為會稽郡公，加儀同三司。 聰從容謂帝曰：「卿昔為豫章王，朕與王武子造卿，武子稱朕於卿，卿言聞其名久矣，贈朕柘弓銀研，卿頗記否？」 帝曰：「臣安敢忘之？ 但恨爾日不早識龍顏！」 聰曰：「卿家骨肉何相殘如此？」 帝曰：「大漢將應天受命，故為陛下自相驅除，此殆天意，非人事也！ 且臣家若能奉武皇帝之業，九族敦睦，陛下何由得之！」 聰喜，以小劉貴人妻帝，曰：「此名公子孫也，卿善遇之。」
Emperor Cong of Han enfeoffed the captive Jin emperor as Duke of Kuaiji with ceremonial honors equal to the Three Excellencies. Cong said casually to the emperor, "When you were Prince of Yuzhang, I visited you with Wang Wuzi. He praised me to you; you said you had long known my name and gave me a catalpa bow and a silver inkstone. Do you remember?" The emperor said, "How could I forget? I only regret that I did not recognize your imperial presence sooner that day!" Cong said, "Why did your own kin tear one another apart like that?" The emperor said, "Great Han is destined to receive Heaven’s mandate, so we eliminated one another on your behalf. That was Heaven’s will, not mere human malice! Besides, if our house had upheld Emperor Wu’s legacy and the clan had stayed united, how would you ever have taken the throne?" Cong was pleased. He gave the emperor a Liu lady of lesser rank as consort and said, "She is of a great house—treat her kindly."
14
代公猗盧遣兵救晉陽，三月，乙未，漢兵敗走。 卜珝之卒先奔，靳沖擅收珝，斬之； 聰大怒，遣使持節斬沖。
Duke Yilu of Dai sent troops to relieve Jinyang. In the third month, on the day Yiwei, the Han forces were routed. Bu Guang’s men broke first. Jin Chong seized him on his own authority and executed him; Cong was furious and sent an envoy with imperial credentials to execute Chong.
15
聰納其舅子輔漢將軍張實二女徽光、麗光為貴人，太后張氏之意也。
At Empress Dowager Zhang’s urging, Cong took his nephew Zhang Shi’s daughters Huiguang and Liguang as noble ladies.
16
涼州主簿馬魴說張軌：「宜命將出師，翼戴帝室。」 軌從之，馳檄關中，共尊輔秦王，且言：「今遣前鋒督護宋配帥步騎二萬，逕趨長安； 西中郎將實帥中軍三萬，武威太守張琠帥胡騎二萬，絡繹繼發。」
Ma Fang, registrar of Liang Province, urged Zhang Gui: "You should send generals to campaign in support of the imperial house." Gui agreed and issued urgent proclamations through Guanzhong to rally support for the Prince of Qin, saying, "I now send Vanguard Director Song Pei with twenty thousand infantry and cavalry straight for Chang’an; Western Central Commander Shi will follow with thirty thousand of the center army, and Wuwei Administrator Zhang Yan with twenty thousand barbarian cavalry—all marching in succession."
17
夏，四月，丙寅，征南將軍山簡卒。
In summer, in the fourth month, on the day Bingyin, General Who Conquers the South Shan Jian died.
18
漢主聰封其子敷為渤海王，驥為濟南王，鸞為燕王，鴻為楚王，勱為齊王，權為秦王，操為魏王，持為趙王。
Emperor Cong enfeoffed his sons: Fu as Prince of Bohai, Ji as Prince of Jinan, Luan as Prince of Yan, Hong as Prince of Chu, Li as Prince of Qi, Quan as Prince of Qin, Cao as Prince of Wei, and Chi as Prince of Zhao.
19
聰以魚蟹不供，斬左都水使者襄陵王攄； 作溫明、徽光二殿未成，斬將作大匠望都公靳陵。 觀漁於汾水，昏夜不歸。 中軍大將軍王彰諫曰：「比觀陛下所為，臣實痛心疾首。 今愚民歸漢之志未專，思晉之心猶甚； 劉琨咫尺，刺客縱橫。 帝王輕出，一夫敵耳。 願陛下改往修來，則億兆幸甚！」 聰大怒，命斬之。 王夫人叩頭乞哀，乃囚之。 太后張氏以聰刑罰過差，三日不食； 太弟乂、單于粲輿櫬切諫。 聰怒曰：「吾豈桀、紂，而汝輩生來哭人！」 太宰延年、太保殷等公卿、列侯百餘人，皆免冠涕泣曰：「陛下功高德厚，曠世少比，往也唐、虞，今則陛下。 而頃來以小小不供，亟斬王公； 直言忤旨，遽囚大將。 此臣等竊所未解，故相與憂之，忘寢與食。」 聰慨然曰：「朕昨大醉，非其本心，微公等言之，朕不聞過。」 各賜帛百匹，使侍中持節赦彰曰：「先帝賴君如左右手，君著勳再世，朕敢忘之！ 此段之過，希君蕩然。 君能盡懷憂國，朕所望也。 今進君驃騎將軍、定襄郡公，後有不逮，幸數匡之！」
Cong executed Prince Shu of Xiangling, Left Director of Waterworks, because fish and crab were not supplied; and beheaded Duke Jin Ling of Wangdu, Master Builder, because the Warm Bright and Huiguang palaces were still unfinished. He went fishing on the Fen River and did not return until late at night. General-in-Chief Wang Zhang remonstrated: "Watching Your Majesty’s recent conduct fills me with anguish. The common people are not yet wholeheartedly loyal to Han; many still yearn for Jin; Liu Kun is close at hand, and assassins are everywhere. When a ruler ventures out lightly, any lone man can strike him down. If Your Majesty mends your ways, the realm will be blessed indeed!" Cong flew into a rage and ordered his execution. Lady Wang kowtowed and pleaded for his life, so Cong imprisoned him instead. Empress Dowager Zhang fasted for three days to protest Cong’s excessive punishments; and the heir apparent Yi and Chanyu Can carried coffins on their backs to plead with him. Cong snapped, "Am I Jie or Zhou of old, that you were born only to weep at me?" Grand Preceptor Yan Nian, Grand Guardian Yin, and more than a hundred ministers and marquises bared their heads and wept: "Your Majesty’s merit and virtue are unmatched—what Tang and Yu were of old, you are today. Yet lately you have executed princes and nobles over trifling shortages; and imprisoned a great general for speaking plainly against your will. We cannot understand this, and our worry keeps us from sleep or food." Cong sighed, "I was drunk last night—that was not my true intent. Without your words I would never have known my fault." He gave each a hundred bolts of silk and sent a Palace Attendant with credentials to pardon Zhang: "The late emperor relied on you as on his own hands; you have served two reigns with distinction—how could I forget? Please put this lapse behind us. I count on you to keep the realm’s welfare at heart. I now promote you to General of Agile Cavalry and Duke of Dingxiang. When I err again, correct me often!"
20
王彌既死，漢安北將軍趙固、平北將軍王桑恐為石勒所並，欲引兵歸平陽。 軍中乏糧，士卒相食，乃自□交磽津西渡，攻掠河北郡縣。 劉琨以其兄子演為魏郡太守，鎮鄴，固、桑恐演邀之，遣長史臨深為質於琨。 琨以固為雍州刺史，桑為豫州刺史。
After Wang Mi’s death, Han generals Zhao Gu and Wang Sang, fearing absorption by Shi Le, planned to march back to Pingyang. Supplies ran out and the men resorted to cannibalism. They crossed west from Jiaoqiang Ford and plundered Hebei’s prefectures and counties. Liu Kun posted his nephew Yan as prefect of Wei at Ye. Gu and Sang feared Yan would block their path and sent Chief Clerk Lin Shen as hostage. Kun appointed Gu Inspector of Yong and Sang Inspector of Yu.
21
賈疋等圍長安數月，漢中山王曜連戰皆敗，驅掠士女八萬餘口，奔於平陽。 秦王業自雍入於長安。 五月，漢主聰貶曜為龍驤大將軍，行大司馬。 聰使河內王粲攻傅祗於三渚，右將軍劉參攻郭默於懷； 會祗病薨，城陷，粲遷祗子孫並其士民二萬餘戶於平陽。
Jia Pi and others besieged Chang’an for months. Han Prince Liu Yao lost battle after battle, seized more than eighty thousand civilians, and fled to Pingyang. Prince Ye of Qin entered Chang’an from Yong. In the fifth month Emperor Cong demoted Yao to General of Dragon Cavalry and acting Grand Marshal. Cong sent Prince Can of Henei against Fu Zhi at Sanzhu and Right General Liu Can against Guo Mo at Huai; Fu Zhi died of illness before the assault ended. The city fell, and Can relocated Zhi’s family and more than twenty thousand households to Pingyang.
22
六月，漢主聰欲立貴嬪劉英為皇后。 張太后欲立貴人張徽光，聰不得已，許之。 英尋卒。
In the sixth month Emperor Cong wished to make Guibin Liu Ying empress. Empress Dowager Zhang wanted Noble Lady Zhang Huiguang instead; Cong reluctantly agreed. Ying died soon after.
23
漢大昌文獻公劉殷卒。 殷為相，不犯顏忤旨，然因事進規，補益甚多。 漢主聰每與群臣議政事，殷無所是非； 群臣出，殷獨留，為聰敷暢條理，商榷事宜，聰未嘗不從之。 殷常戒子孫曰：「事君當務幾諫。 凡人尚不可面斥其過，況萬乘乎！ 夫幾諫之功，無異犯顏，但不彰君之過，所以為優耳。」 官至侍中、太保、錄尚書，賜劍履上殿、入朝不趨、乘輿入殿。 然殷在公卿間，常恂恂有卑讓之色，故能處驕暴之國，保其富貴，不失令名，以壽考自終。
Liu Yin, Duke of Dachang with the posthumous title Literary and Manifest, died. As chancellor, Yin never confronted Cong directly, yet he offered timely counsel that did the state much good. When Emperor Cong discussed policy with his ministers, Yin never openly took sides; After the others left, Yin stayed behind to explain matters clearly and advise on policy—and Cong always followed his counsel. Yin often warned his descendants: "When you serve a ruler, remonstrate subtly. You cannot even scold an ordinary man to his face—how much less an emperor! Subtle remonstrance achieves what blunt confrontation does, without exposing the ruler’s faults—that is why it is better." He rose to Palace Attendant, Grand Guardian, and Recorder of the Masters of Writing, with the privileges of wearing sword and shoes in the hall, not hurrying at court, and entering the hall by imperial carriage. Yet among ministers he always showed humble deference, which let him survive a tyrant’s court, keep his wealth and reputation, and die at a ripe old age.
24
漢主聰以河間王易為車騎將軍，彭城王翼為衛將軍，並典兵宿衛。 高平王悝為征南將軍，鎮離石； 濟南王驥為征西將軍，築西平城以居之； 魏王操為征東將軍，鎮蒲子。
Emperor Cong made Prince Yi of Hejian General of Chariots and Cavalry and Prince Ji of Pengcheng Defender General, both commanding the palace guard. Prince Min of Gaoping became General Who Conquers the South, stationed at Lishi; Prince Ji of Jinan became General Who Conquers the West and built Xiping to live in; Prince Cao of Wei became General Who Conquers the East, stationed at Puzi.
25
趙固、王桑自懷求迎於漢，漢主聰遣鎮遠將軍梁伏疵將兵迎之。 未至，長史臨深、將軍牟穆帥眾一萬叛歸劉演。 固隨疵而西，桑引其眾東奔青州，固遣兵追殺之於曲梁，桑將張鳳帥其餘眾歸演。 聰以固為荊州刺史、領河南太守，鎮洛陽。
Zhao Gu and Wang Sang asked Han for escort from Huai. Emperor Cong sent General Who Pacifies the Distance Liang Fuci to meet them. Before Fuci arrived, Chief Clerk Lin Shen and General Mou Mu rebelled with ten thousand men and joined Liu Yan. Gu marched west with Fuci; Sang fled east to Qing Province. Gu’s troops killed Sang at Quliang, and Sang’s general Zhang Feng took the survivors to Yan. Cong appointed Gu Inspector of Jing and concurrent Administrator of Henan, stationed at Luoyang.
26
石勒自葛陂北行，所過皆堅壁清野，虜掠無所獲，軍中饑甚，士卒相食。 至東燕，聞汲郡向冰聚眾數千壁枋頭，勒將濟河，恐冰邀之。 張賓曰：「聞冰船盡在瀆中未上，宜遣輕兵間道襲取，以濟大軍，大軍既濟，冰必可擒也。」 秋，七月，勒使支雄、孔萇自文石津縛筏潛渡，取其船。 勒引兵自棘津濟河，擊冰，大破之，盡得其資儲，軍勢復振，遂長驅至鄴。 劉演保三台以自固，臨深、牟穆等復帥其眾降於勒。
Shi Le marched north from Gebei. Everywhere he passed the people had fortified and stripped the land, so he captured nothing. Famine drove his men to cannibalism. At Dongyan he learned that Xiang Bing of Ji had gathered thousands at Fangtou. Le was about to cross the Yellow River and feared Bing would block him. Zhang Bin said, "Bing’s boats are still in the sluice. Send light troops by a hidden path to seize them and ferry the army across. Once we cross, Bing will be ours." In autumn, the seventh month, Le had Zhi Xiong and Kong Chang raft across secretly at Wenshi Ford and seize the boats. Le crossed at Jiji Ford, routed Bing, and seized all his supplies. His army revived and marched on to Ye. Liu Yan held the Three Platforms. Lin Shen, Mou Mu, and others surrendered to Le again.
27
諸將欲攻三台，張賓曰：「演雖弱，眾猶數千，三台險固，攻之未易猝拔。 捨而去之，彼將自潰。 方今王彭祖、劉越石，公之大敵也，宜先取之，演不足顧也。 且天下饑亂，明公雖擁大兵，遊行羈旅，人無定志，非所以保萬全，制四方也。 不若擇便地而據之，廣聚糧儲，西稟平陽以圖幽、并，此霸王之業也。 邯鄲、襄國，形勝之地，請擇一而都之。」 勒曰：「右侯之計是也。」 遂進據襄國。
The generals wanted to assault the Three Platforms. Zhang Bin said, "Yan is weak but still has thousands; the Platforms are steep—not easily taken at a stroke. Leave him and move on—he will fall apart on his own. Wang Pengzu and Liu Yueshi are your real enemies—deal with them first. Yan is not worth the trouble. The realm is starving and in chaos. Though you command a great army, you are still a wanderer and your men have no settled loyalty—that is no way to secure the realm. Choose a strong base, stock grain, and link with Pingyang to take You and Bing—that is how hegemons are made. Handan and Xiangguo are both strong sites—make one your capital." Le said, "The Right Marquis is right." He advanced and took Xiangguo.
28
賓復言於勒曰：「今吾居此，彭祖、越石所深忌也，恐城塹未固，資儲未廣，二寇交至。 宜亟收野谷，且遣使至平陽，具陳鎮此之意。」 勒從之，分命諸將攻冀州，郡縣壁壘多降，運其谷以輸襄國； 且表於漢主聰，聰以勒為都督冀、幽、并、營四州諸軍事、冀州牧，進封上黨公。
Bin warned Le, "Pengzu and Yueshi will hate our settling here. Before our walls and granaries are ready, both may strike. Gather wild grain at once and send envoys to Pingyang explaining why we hold this place." Le agreed, sent generals against Ji—many strongholds surrendered—and shipped grain to Xiangguo; he memorialized Emperor Cong, who made him commander over Ji, You, Bing, and Ying, Inspector of Ji, and Duke of Shangdang.
29
劉琨移檄州郡，期以十月會平陽，擊漢。 琨素奢豪，喜聲色。 河南徐潤以音律得幸於琨，琨以為晉陽令。 潤驕恣，干預政事。 護軍令狐盛數以為言，且勸琨殺之，琨不從。 潤譖盛於琨，琨收盛，殺之。 琨母曰：「汝不能駕御豪傑以恢遠略，而專除勝己，禍必及我。」
Liu Kun called the provinces to muster at Pingyang in the tenth month to attack Han. Kun had always been extravagant and fond of pleasure. Xu Run of Henan, who pleased Kun with music, was made magistrate of Jinyang. Run grew arrogant and meddled in affairs of state. Protector Linghu Sheng repeatedly urged Kun to kill Run; Kun refused. Run slandered Sheng; Kun arrested and executed him. Kun’s mother said, "You cannot command great men for a grand strategy, yet you destroy those who outshine you—disaster will find us."
30
盛子泥奔漢，具言虛實。 漢主聰大喜，遣河內王粲、中山王曜將兵寇并州，以令狐泥為鄉導。 琨聞之，東出，收兵於常山及中山，使其將郝詵、張喬將兵拒粲，且遣使求救於代公猗盧。 詵喬俱敗死。 粲、曜乘虛襲晉陽，太原太守高喬、并州別駕郝聿以晉陽降漢。 八月，庚戌，琨還救晉陽，不及，帥左右數十騎奔常山。 辛亥，粲、曜入晉陽。 壬子，令狐泥殺琨父母。
Sheng’s son Ni fled to Han and revealed Kun’s weakness. Emperor Cong was delighted and sent Prince Can of Henei and Prince Yao of Zhongshan against Bing, with Linghu Ni as guide. Kun marched east, gathered troops in Changshan and Zhongshan, sent Hao Shen and Zhang Qiao against Can, and begged Duke Yilu of Dai for aid. Shen and Qiao were defeated and killed. Can and Yao struck Jinyang. Administrator Gao Qiao and Aide Hao Yu surrendered the city. On the day Gengxu in the eighth month Kun rushed back too late and fled to Changshan with a few dozen riders. On Xinhai, Can and Yao entered Jinyang. On Renzi, Linghu Ni killed Kun’s parents.
31
粲、曜送尚書盧志、侍中許遐、太子右衛率崔瑋於平陽。 聰復以曜為車騎大將軍，以前將軍劉豐為并州刺史，鎮晉陽。 九月，聰以盧志為太弟太師，崔瑋為太傅，許遐為太保，高喬、令狐泥皆為武衛將軍。
Can and Yao sent Lu Zhi, Xu Xia, and Cui Wei to Pingyang as prisoners. Cong restored Yao as General of Chariots and Cavalry and made Liu Feng Inspector of Bing at Jinyang. In the ninth month Cong made Lu Zhi Grand Tutor to the heir apparent, Cui Wei Grand Tutor, Xu Xia Grand Guardian, and Gao Qiao and Linghu Ni Generals of Martial Guard.
32
己卯，漢衛尉梁芬奔長安。
On Jimao, Han Defender Liang Fen fled to Chang’an.
33
辛巳，賈疋等奉秦王業為皇太子，建行台於長安，登壇告類，建宗廟、社稷，大赦。 以閻鼎為太子詹事，總攝百揆； 加賈疋征西大將軍，以秦州刺史南陽王保為大司馬。 命司空荀籓督攝遠近，光祿大夫荀組領司隸校尉、行豫州刺史，與籓共保開封。
On Xinsi, Jia Pi and others made Prince Ye of Qin crown prince, set up an executive at Chang’an, sacrificed to Heaven, founded temple and altars, and declared amnesty. Yan Ding became Grand Tutor to the heir apparent with overall authority; Jia Pi was promoted to General Who Conquers the West and Prince Bao of Nanyang became Grand Marshal. Minister Xun Fan was to oversee the realm; Xun Zu became Director of the Masters of Writing, acting Inspector of Yu, and with Fan held Kaifeng.
34
秦州刺史裴苞據險以拒涼州兵，張實、宋配等擊破之，苞奔柔凶塢。 冬，十月，漢主聰封其子恆為代王，逞為吳王，朗為穎川王，皋為零陵王，旭為丹楊王，京為蜀王，坦為九江王，晃為臨川王； 以王育為太保，王彰為太尉，任顗為司徒，馬景為司空，朱紀為尚書令，范隆為左僕射，呼延晏為右僕射。
Qin Inspector Pei Bao blocked Liangzhou’s army; Zhang Shi and Song Pei defeated him and Bao fled to Rouxiong Stockade. In winter, the tenth month, Cong enfeoffed his sons Heng, Cheng, Lang, Gao, Xu, Jing, Tan, and Huang as princes of Dai, Wu, Yingchuan, Lingling, Danyang, Shu, Jiujiang, and Linchuan; he appointed Wang Yu Grand Guardian, Wang Zhang Grand Commandant, Ren Yi Minister of Works, Ma Jing Minister of Ceremonies, Zhu Ji Director of the Masters of Writing, Fan Long Left Vice Director, and Huyan Yan Right Vice Director.
35
代公猗盧遣其子六修及兄子普根、將軍衛雄、范班、箕澹帥眾數萬為前鋒以攻晉陽，猗盧自帥眾二十萬繼之，劉琨收散卒數千為之鄉導。 六修與漢中山王曜戰於汾東，曜兵敗，墜馬，中匕創。 討虜將軍傅虎以馬授曜，曜不受，曰：「卿光乘以自免，吾創已重，自分死此。」 虎泣曰：「虎蒙大王識拔至此，常思效命，今其時矣。 且漢室初基，天下可無虎，不可無大王也！」 乃扶曜上馬，驅令渡汾，自還戰死。 曜入晉陽，夜，與大將軍粲、鎮北大將軍豐掠晉陽之民，逾蒙山而歸。 十一月，猗盧追之，戰於藍谷，漢兵大敗，擒劉豐，斬邢延等三千餘級，伏屍數百里。 猗盧因大獵壽陽山，陳閱皮肉，山為之赤。 劉琨自營門步入拜謝，固請進軍。 猗盧曰：「吾不早來，致卿父母見害，誠以相愧。 今卿已復州境，吾遠來，士馬疲弊，且待後舉，劉聰未可滅也。」 遣琨馬、牛、羊各千餘匹，車百乘而還，留其將箕澹、段繁等戍晉陽。
Duke Yilu sent his son Liuxiu, nephew Pugen, and generals Wei Xiong, Fan Ban, and Ji Dan with tens of thousands against Jinyang; Yilu followed with two hundred thousand, and Kun gathered scattered troops as guides. Liuxiu fought Prince Yao east of the Fen. Yao was routed, fell from his horse, and was stabbed. General Fu Hu offered Yao his horse. Yao refused: "Save yourself on a swift horse; my wound is mortal—I stay to die." Hu wept: "You raised me to this rank; I have long wished to die for you—now is the time. Han is newly founded—the realm can spare me but not you!" He helped Yao mount, forced him across the Fen, and returned to die fighting. Yao entered Jinyang. That night he and Can and Feng plundered the city, crossed Meng Mountain, and withdrew. In the eleventh month Yilu pursued to Langu Valley. The Han army was shattered; Liu Feng was captured and more than three thousand, including Xing Yan, were beheaded—corpses stretched for hundreds of li. Yilu held a great hunt on Shouyang Mountain and displayed the meat and hides until the mountain turned red. Kun entered the camp gate, bowed in thanks, and pressed for a further advance. Yilu said, "Had I come sooner your parents would still live—I am ashamed. You have recovered your province; my men are exhausted. We must wait—Liu Cong is not yet to be destroyed." He gave Kun a thousand horses, cattle, and sheep each, a hundred carts, and withdrew, leaving Ji Dan and Duan Fan to garrison Jinyang.
36
琨徙居陽曲，招集亡散。 盧諶為劉粲參軍，亡歸琨，漢人殺其父志及弟謐、詵。 贈傅虎幽州刺史。
Kun moved to Yangqu and gathered refugees. Lu Chen, aide to Liu Can, fled to Kun; Han men killed his father Zhi and brothers Mi and Shen. Fu Hu was posthumously made Inspector of You.
37
十二月，漢主聰立皇后張氏，以其父實為左光祿大夫。
In the twelfth month Cong installed Empress Zhang and made her father Shi Left Palace Counselor.
38
彭仲蕩之子天護帥群胡攻賈疋，天護陽不勝而走，疋追之，夜墜澗中，天護執而殺之。 漢以天護為涼州刺史。 眾推始平太守麴允領雍州刺史。 閻鼎與京兆太守梁綜爭權，鼎遂殺綜。 麴允與撫夷護軍索綝、馮翊太守梁肅合兵攻鼎，鼎出奔雍，為氐竇首所殺。
Peng Tianhu, son of Peng Zhongdang, attacked Jia Pi. Tianhu feigned retreat; Pi pursued, fell into a ravine at night, and Tianhu killed him. Han made Tianhu Inspector of Liang. The people made Qu Yun of Shiping acting Inspector of Yong. Yan Ding fought Liang Zong, Administrator of Jingzhao, for power and killed him. Qu Yun, Suo Lin, and Liang Su attacked Ding; Ding fled to Yong and was killed by the Di leader Dou Shou.
39
廣平游綸、張豺擁眾數萬，據苑鄉，受王浚假署； 石勒遣夔安、支雄等七將攻之，破其外壘。 浚遣督護王昌帥諸軍及遼西公段疾陸眷、疾陸眷弟匹磾、文鴦、從弟末柸部眾五萬攻勒於襄國。
You Lun and Zhang Chai of Guangping held tens of thousands at Yuanxiang under Wang Jun’s commission; Shi Le sent Kui An, Zhi Xiong, and seven generals, who breached their outer walls. Jun sent Supervisor Wang Chang with his armies and Duke Jilu of Liaoxi, Pidi, Wen Yang, and cousin Mozhe with fifty thousand against Le at Xiangguo.
40
疾陸眷屯於渚陽，勒遣諸將出戰，皆為疾陸眷所敗。 疾陸眷大造攻具，將攻城，勒眾甚懼。 勒召將佐謀之曰：「今城塹未固，糧儲不多，彼眾我寡，外無救授，吾欲悉眾與之決戰，何如？」 諸將皆曰：「不如堅守以疲敵，待其退而擊之。」 張賓、孔萇曰：「鮮卑之種，段氏最為勇悍，而末柸尤甚，其銳卒皆在末柸所。 今聞疾陸眷刻日攻北城，其大眾遠來，戰鬥連日，謂我孤弱，不敢出戰，意必懈惰； 宜且勿出，示之以怯，鑿北城為突門二十餘道，俟其來至，列守未定，出其不意，直衝末柸帳，彼必震駭，不暇為計，破之必矣。 末柸敗，則其餘不攻而潰矣。」 勒從之，密為突門。 既而疾陸眷攻北城，勒登城望之，見其將士或釋仗而寢，乃命孔萇督銳卒自突門出擊之，城上鼓以助其勢。 萇攻末柸逐之，入其壘門，為勒眾所獲，疾陸眷等軍皆退走。 萇乘勝追擊，枕屍三十餘里，獲鎧馬五千匹。 疾陸眷收其餘眾，還屯渚陽。
Jilu camped at Zhuyang. Le’s generals sallied and were all defeated. Jilu built siege engines to storm the city; Le’s men were terrified. Le asked his officers: "Our walls are weak, our grain low, they outnumber us, and no help is coming—shall we stake everything on one battle?" All said, "Hold fast, wear them down, and strike when they retreat." Zhang Bin and Kong Chang said, "Of the Xianbei the Duan are bravest, especially Mozhe—all his elite are with Mozhe. Jilu will attack the north wall soon. His main force marched far and fights daily—they think us too weak to sally and will grow careless; stay inside and seem afraid; cut twenty sally ports in the north wall; when they arrive unsettled, burst on Mozhe’s tent—they will panic and break. If Mozhe falls, the rest will flee without fighting." Le agreed and secretly cut the sally ports. Jilu attacked the north wall. Le saw men sleeping on their arms and ordered Kong Chang’s elite out the sally ports with drums on the wall. Chang drove Mozhe to his gate where Le’s men seized him; Jilu’s army fled. Chang pursued for thirty li, leaving corpses and taking five thousand horses and suits of armor. Jilu gathered his survivors and withdrew to Zhuyang.
41
勒質末柸，遣使求和於疾陸眷，疾陸眷許之。 文鴦諫曰：「今以末柸一人之故而縱垂亡之虜，得無為王彭祖所怨，招後患乎！」 疾陸眷不從，復以鎧馬金銀賂勒，且以末柸三弟為質而請末柸。 諸將皆勸勒殺末柸，勒曰：「遼西鮮卑健國也，與我素無仇讎，為王浚所使耳。 今殺一人而結一國之怨，非計也。 歸之，必深德我，不復為浚用矣。」 乃厚以金帛報之，遣石虎與疾陸眷盟於渚陽，結為兄弟。 疾陸眷引歸，王昌等不能獨留，亦引兵還薊。 勒召末柸，與之燕飲，誓為父子，遣還遼西。 末柸在塗，日南向而拜者三。 由是段氏專心附勒，王浚之勢遂衰。
Le held Mozhe hostage and sued for peace; Jilu agreed. Wen Yang protested: "For one man you spare a dying foe—will not Wang Pengzu resent this and bring future trouble?" Jilu refused but bribed Le again with armor, horses, gold, and silver, offering Mozhe's three younger brothers as hostages to ransom Mozhe. His officers urged killing Mozhe. Le said, "The Liaoxi Xianbei are a strong people and no enemy of mine—Jun sent them. Killing one man to earn a nation's hatred is folly. Return him and they will owe us and cease serving Jun." He sent rich gifts, had Shi Hu swear brotherhood with Jilu at Zhuyang, and they became sworn brothers. Jilu withdrew; Wang Chang could not stay and marched back to Ji. Le feasted Mozhe, swore father-and-son ties, and sent him home to Liaoxi. On the road Mozhe bowed south three times each day. The Duan clan then attached themselves to Le, and Jun's power waned.
42
游綸、張豺請降於勒。 勒攻信都，殺冀州刺史王象。 浚復以邵舉行冀州刺史，保信都。
You Lun and Zhang Chai surrendered to Le. Le attacked Xindu and killed Ji Inspector Wang Xiang. Jun made Shao Ju acting Inspector of Ji and held Xindu.
43
是歲大疫。
That year a great plague struck.
44
王澄少與兄衍名冠海內。 劉琨謂澄曰：「卿形雖散朗，而內實動俠，以此處世，難得其死。」 及在荊州，悅成都內史王機，謂為己亞，使之內綜心膂，外為爪牙。 澄屢為杜弢所敗，望實俱損，猶傲然自得，無憂懼之意，但與機日夜縱酒博弈，由是上下離心； 南平太守應詹屢諫，不聽。
In youth Wang Cheng and his brother Yan were famed throughout the realm. Liu Kun told Cheng, "You look open and bright, but inwardly you are restless and rash—you will not die in your bed." In Jing Province he favored Chengdu Administrator Wang Ji as his second, using him as his right hand within and his fist without. Tao defeated Cheng again and again; his reputation collapsed, yet he stayed arrogant, drinking and gambling with Ji day and night until his men lost heart; Nanping Administrator Ying Zhan remonstrated repeatedly; Cheng ignored him.
45
澄自出軍擊杜弢，軍於作塘。 故山簡參軍王沖擁眾迎應詹為刺史，詹以沖無賴，棄之，還南平，沖乃自稱刺史。 澄懼，使其將杜蕤守江陵，徙治孱陵，尋又奔沓中。 別駕郭舒諫曰：「使君臨州雖無異政，然一州人心所繫，今西收華容之兵，足以擒此小丑，奈何自棄，遽為奔亡乎！」 澄不從，欲將舒東下。 舒曰：「舒為萬里紀綱，不能匡正，令使君奔亡，誠不忍渡江。」 乃留屯沌口。 琅邪王睿聞之，召澄為軍諮祭酒，以軍諮祭酒周顗代之，澄乃赴召。
Cheng marched against Du Tao and camped at Zuotang. Former aide Wang Chong raised troops for Ying Zhan as inspector. Zhan spurned Chong as a ruffian and returned to Nanping; Chong proclaimed himself inspector. Cheng sent Du Rui to hold Jiangling, moved to Canling, then fled to Tazhong. Aide Gu Shu said, "The province looks to you. With Huarong's troops you could crush this bandit—why flee?" Cheng refused and tried to take Shu east with him. Shu said, "As registrar for the whole region I cannot watch you flee—I will not cross the Yangzi." He stayed at Dunkou. Prince Rui of Langye summoned Cheng as army adviser and replaced him with Zhou Yi; Cheng obeyed.
46
顗始至州，建平流民傅密等叛迎杜弢，苾別將王真襲沔陽，顗狼狽失據。 征討都督王敦遣武昌太守陶侃、尋陽太守周訪、歷陽內史甘卓共擊苾，敦進屯豫章，為諸軍繼援。
Yi had barely arrived when Fuling refugees welcomed Du Tao; Tao's general Wang Zhen seized Mianyang and Yi lost his footing. Wang Dun sent Tao Kan, Zhou Fang, and Gan Zhuo against Tao and advanced to Yuzhang in support.
47
王澄過詣敦，自以名聲素出敦右，猶以舊意侮敦。 敦怒，誣其與杜苾通信，遣壯士扼殺之。 王機聞澄死，懼禍，以其父毅、兄矩皆嘗為廣州刺史，就敦求廣州，敦不許。 會廣州將溫邵等叛刺史郭訥，迎機為刺史，機遂將奴客門生千餘人入廣州。 訥遣兵拒之，將士皆機父兄時部曲，不戰迎降，訥乃避位，以州授之。
Cheng visited Dun and, thinking his fame greater, treated Dun with old contempt. Dun accused him of colluding with Tao and had him strangled. Ji, fearing punishment, asked Dun for Guangzhou because his father and brother had held that post; Dun refused. Guangzhou generals rebelled against Guo Na and welcomed Ji, who entered with a thousand retainers. Na's troops were Ji's family veterans and surrendered; Na yielded the province.
48
王如軍中饑乏，官軍討之，其黨多降； 如計窮，遂降於王敦。 鎮東軍司顧榮、前太子洗馬衛玠皆卒。 玠，瓘之孫也，美風神，善清談； 常以為人有不及，可以情恕，非意相干，可以理遣，故終身不見喜慍之色。
Wang Ru's army starved; under government attack many surrendered; Ru, at his wits' end, surrendered to Wang Dun. Gu Rong and Wei Jie both died. Jie, grandson of Wei Guan, was handsome and famed for pure talk; he forgave human failings by sympathy and unintended slights by reason, and never showed anger or joy.
49
江陽太守張啟，殺行益州刺史王異而代之。 啟，翼之孫也，尋病卒。 三府文武共表涪陵太守向沈行西夷校尉，南保涪陵。
Jiangyang Administrator Zhang Qi killed acting Yi Inspector Wang Yi and replaced him. Qi, grandson of Zhang Yi, soon died. The three offices memorialized Fuling Administrator Xiang Shen as acting Western Yi Commandant to hold Fuling.
50
南安赤亭羌姚弋仲東徙榆眉，戎、夏襁負隨之者數萬； 自稱護羌校尉、雍州刺史、扶風公。
Nan'an Chiting Qiang leader Yao Yizhong moved east to Yumei with tens of thousands of Rong and Han followers; he styled himself Protector of the Qiang, Inspector of Yong, and Duke of Fufeng.
51
孝愍皇帝上建興元年（ 癸酉，公元三一三年）
Under Emperor Min of Jin, the first year of Jianxing ( the year Guiyou, 313 CE)
52
春，正月，丁丑朔，漢主聰宴群臣於光極殿，使懷帝著青衣行酒。 庾鈱、王俊等不勝悲憤，因號哭； 聰惡之。 有告鈱等謀以平陽應劉琨者，二月，丁未，聰殺鈱、俊等故晉臣十餘人，懷帝亦遇害。 大赦，復以會稽劉夫人為貴人。
In spring, on the new moon of the first month, Emperor Cong feasted his ministers in the Hall of Extreme Light and made Emperor Huai serve wine in green robes. Yu Yin, Wang Jun, and others wept aloud in grief; Cong was disgusted. Someone accused them of plotting with Liu Kun. On Dingwei in the second month Cong executed Yin, Jun, and more than ten former Jin ministers; Emperor Huai was murdered too. Cong proclaimed amnesty and restored Lady Liu of Kuaiji as noble lady.
53
荀崧曰：懷帝天姿清劭，少著英猷，若遇承平，足為守文佳主。 而繼惠帝擾亂之後，東海專政，故無幽、厲之釁而有流亡之禍矣！
Xun Song wrote: Emperor Huai was keen and talented; in peaceful times he would have been a fine guardian emperor. Yet he followed Emperor Hui's chaos under the Prince of Donghai's rule, and though without You and Li's vices suffered exile and death.
54
乙亥，漢太后張氏卒，謚曰光獻。 張後不勝哀，丁丑，亦卒，謚曰武孝。
On Yihai Empress Dowager Zhang died, posthumous name Guangxian. Empress Zhang died of grief on Dingchou, posthumous name Wuxiao.
55
己卯，漢定襄忠穆公王彰卒。
On Jimao Duke Wang Zhang of Dingxiang died.
56
三月，漢主聰立貴嬪劉娥為皇后，為之起皇□儀殿。 廷殿陳元達切諫，以為：「天生民而樹之君，使司牧之，非以兆民之命，窮一人之欲也。 晉氏失德，大漢受之，蒼生引領，庶幾息肩。 是以光文皇帝身衣大布，居無重茵，后妃不衣錦綺，乘輿馬不食粟，愛民故也。 陛下踐阼以來，已作殿觀四十餘所，加之軍旅數興，餽運不息，饑饉、疾疫，死亡相繼，而益思營繕，豈為民父母之意乎！ 今有晉遺類，西據關中，南擅江表； 李雄奄有巴、蜀； 王浚、劉琨窺窬肘腋； 石勒、曹嶷貢稟漸疏。 陛下釋此不憂，乃更為中宮作殿，豈目前之所急乎！ 昔太宗居治安之世，粟帛流衍，猶愛百金之費，息露台之役。 陛下承荒亂之餘，所有之地，不過太宗之二郡，戰守之備，非特匈奴、南越而已。 而宮室之侈乃至於此，臣所以不敢不冒死而言也。」 聰大怒曰：「朕為天子，營一殿，何問汝鼠子乎，乃敢妄言沮眾！ 不殺此鼠子，朕殿不成！」 命左右：「曳出斬之！ 並其妻子同梟首東市，使群鼠共穴！」 時聰在逍遙園李中堂，元達先鎖腰而入，即以鎖鎖堂下樹，呼曰：「臣所言者，社稷之計，而陛下殺臣。 朱雲有言：『臣得與龍逢、比干游，足矣！』」 左右曳之不能動。
In the third month Cong made Guibin Liu E empress and built the Hall of Imperial Rites for her. Palace Attendant Chen Yuanda remonstrated: "Heaven made rulers to shepherd the people—not to exhaust the realm for one man's pleasure. Jin lost the mandate and Han received it; the people hoped at last to rest. Emperor Guangwen wore coarse cloth, used no double mats, forbade brocade to consorts, and fed his horses no grain—out of love for the people. Since you ascended you have built forty halls; armies march endlessly, famine and plague kill multitudes—yet you build more. Is this how parents treat their children? Jin remnants hold Guanzhong and dominate the south; Li Xiong holds Ba and Shu; Wang Jun and Liu Kun watch your flanks; Shi Le and Cao Ni grow slack in tribute. You ignore these threats to build the empress a palace—is that urgent now? Even Taizong in peace, with grain flowing, halted the Terrace and cherished every hundred in gold. You rule after chaos on less than two of Taizong's commanderies, facing foes worse than Xiongnu and Nanyue. Yet palace luxury reaches this—I must speak though it cost my life." Cong raged: "I am emperor and build one hall—why do you rats interfere! You discourage the host! If I do not kill this rat my hall will never rise!" He ordered, "Drag him out and behead him! His wife and children too—expose them at the eastern market and let the rats share one hole!" Cong was in the Hall of Regret. Yuanda entered chained, locked himself to a tree, and cried, "I speak for the state and you kill me. Zhu Yun said one may die like Long Feng and Bi Gan—that is enough!" "Attendants could not drag him loose.
57
大司徒任顗、光祿大夫朱紀、范隆、驃騎大將軍河間王易等叩頭出血曰：「元達為先帝所知，受命之初，即引置門下，盡忠竭慮，知無不言。 臣等竊祿偷安，每見之未嘗不發愧。 今所言雖狂直，願陛下容之。 因諫諍而斬列卿，其如後世何！」 聰默然。
Ren Yi, Zhu Ji, Fan Long, Prince Yi, and others kowtowed bleeding: "Yuanda served the late emperor faithfully from the start. We steal salary in ease and are shamed whenever we see him. His words are blunt, but spare him. Execute ministers for remonstrance—what will posterity say!" Cong fell silent.
58
劉後聞之，密敕左右停刑，手疏上言：「今宮室已備，無煩更營，四海未壹，宜愛民力。 廷尉之言，社稷之福也，陛下宜加封賞； 而更誅之，四海謂陛下何如哉！ 夫忠臣進諫者固不顧其身也，而人主拒諫者亦不顧其身也。 陛下為妾營殿而殺諫臣，使忠良結舌者由妾，遠近怨怒者由妾，公私困弊者由妾，社稷阽危者由妾，天下之罪皆萃於妾，妾何以當之！ 妾觀自古敗國喪家，未始不由婦人，心常疾之。 不意今日身自為之，使後世視妾由妾之視昔人也！ 妾誠無面目復奉巾櫛，願賜死此堂，以塞陛下之過！」 聰覽之變色。
Empress Liu secretly halted the execution and wrote: "Palaces suffice; the realm is not united—spare the people. The Commandant speaks for the state—you should reward him; to kill him—what will the realm think! Loyal ministers risk themselves; rulers who reject counsel risk themselves. You kill remonstrators for my palace—let the realm's guilt fall on me! States fall through women—I have always hated that. I did not expect to become what I despised! I cannot serve again—grant me death here to atone for your fault!" Cong read it and turned pale.
59
任顗等叩頭流涕不已。 聰徐曰：「朕比年已來，微得風疾，喜怒過差，不復自制。 元達，忠臣也。 朕未之察。 諸公乃能破首明之，誠得輔弼之義也。 朕愧戢於心，何敢忘之！」 命顗等冠履就坐，引元達上，以劉氏表示之，曰：「外輔如公，內輔如后，朕復何憂！」 賜顗等穀帛各有差，更命逍遙園曰納賢園，李中堂曰愧賢堂。 聰謂元達曰：「卿當畏朕，而反使朕畏卿邪！」
Ren Yi and the others wept and kowtowed without end. Cong said slowly, "Lately I have had fits; joy and anger escape me. Yuanda is loyal. I did not see it. You broke your heads to show me—true assistants. I am ashamed—how could I forget!" He seated them, brought Yuanda up, showed Liu's letter: "With you outside and her within, what fear have I!" He gave rewards and renamed the garden Garden for Receiving Worthies and the hall Hall for Shaming Worthies. Cong told Yuanda, "You should fear me—yet you make me fear you!"
60
西夷校尉向沈卒，眾推汶山太守蘭維為西夷校尉。 維帥吏民北出，欲向巴東。 成將李恭、費黑邀擊，獲之。
Acting Western Yi Commandant Xiang Shen died; the people made Wenshan Administrator Lan Wei commandant. Wei led his officials and people north, heading for Badong. Cheng generals Li Gong and Fei He ambushed him and took him captive.
61
夏，四月，丙午，懷帝凶問至長安，皇太子舉哀，因加元服。 壬申，即皇帝位，大赦，改元。 以衛將軍梁芬為司徒，雍州刺史麴允為尚書左僕射、錄尚書事，京兆太守索綝為尚書右僕射、領吏部、京兆尹。 是時長安城中，戶不盈百，蒿棘成林； 公私有車四乘，百官無章服、印綬，唯桑版署號而已。 尋以索綝為衛將軍、領太尉，軍國之事，悉以委之。
In summer, the fourth month, on bingwu day, word of Emperor Huai's death reached Chang'an; the crown prince went into mourning and was capped as an adult. On renshen day he took the throne, declared a general amnesty, and changed the reign title. He appointed Guard General Liang Fen Grand Minister over the Masses, Yongzhou Inspector Qu Yun as Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing with charge of secretariat affairs, and Jingzhao Administrator Suo Lin as Right Vice Director, head of the Ministry of Personnel, and Jingzhao Intendant. Chang'an then held fewer than a hundred households; weeds and thorns grew like forests; the court and private households together owned four carts; officials had no court dress, seals, or ribbons—only mulberry boards on which to write their titles. Soon Suo Lin was made Guard General and Grand Commandant as well; all military and civil affairs were placed in his hands.
62
漢中山王曜、司隸校尉喬智明寇長安，平西將軍趙染帥眾赴之； 詔麴允屯黃白城以拒之。
Han Prince of Zhongshan Liu Yao and Director of the Masters of Writing Qiao Zhiming attacked Chang'an; General Who Pacifies the West Zhao Ran marched to its aid; the emperor ordered Qu Yun to hold Huangbai City against them.
63
石勒使石虎攻鄴，鄴潰，劉演奔廩丘，三台流民皆降於勒。 勒以桃豹為魏郡太守以撫之； 久之，以石虎代豹鎮鄴。
Shi Le sent Shi Hu against Ye; the city fell; Liu Yan fled to Linqiu; refugees from the Three Terraces all submitted to Le. Le appointed Tao Bao Administrator of Wei Commandery to settle them; later he replaced Bao with Shi Hu to hold Ye.
64
初，劉琨用陳留太守焦求為兗州刺史，荀籓又用李述為兗州刺史； 述欲攻求，琨召求還。 及鄴城失守，琨復以劉演為兗州刺史，鎮廩丘。 前中書侍郎郗鑒，少以清節著名，帥高平千餘家避亂保嶧山，琅邪王睿就用鑒為兗州刺史，鎮鄒山。 三人各屯一郡，兗州吏民莫知所從。
Earlier Liu Kun had appointed Chenliu Administrator Jiao Qiu Yanzhou inspector, while Xun Fan had also named Li Shu to the same post; Shu tried to attack Qiu; Kun recalled Qiu. After Ye was lost, Kun again made Liu Yan Yanzhou inspector, stationed at Linqiu. Former Palace Attendant Xi Jian, known from youth for integrity, led over a thousand Gaoping families to refuge on Mount Yi; Prince of Langye Sima Rui then made him Yanzhou inspector, based on Mount Zou. Each of the three held a separate commandery; Yanzhou's officials and people did not know whom to obey.
65
琅邪王睿以前廬江內史華譚為軍咨祭酒。 譚嘗在壽春依周馥。 睿謂譚曰：「周祖宣何故反？」 譚曰：「周馥雖死，天下尚有直言之士。 馥見寇賊滋蔓，欲移都以紓國難，執政不悅，興兵討之，馥死未逾時而洛都淪沒。 若謂之反，不亦誣乎！」 睿曰：「馥位為征鎮，握強兵，召之不入，危而不持，亦天下之罪人也。」 譚曰：「然，危而不持，當與天下共受其責，非但馥也。」
Prince of Langye Sima Rui made former Lujiang interior minister Hua Tan his army adviser. Tan had once depended on Zhou Fu at Shouchun. Rui asked Tan, "Why did Zhou Zuoxuan rebel?" Tan replied, "Though Zhou Fu is dead, the realm still has men who speak plainly. Fu saw invaders spreading and wanted to move the capital to ease the crisis; the court disapproved and marched against him—before a year had passed since his death, Luoyang was lost. To call that rebellion—is it not slander!" Rui said, "Fu was a frontier commander with a strong army; when summoned he would not come; in peril he gave no support—he too was guilty before the realm." Tan said, "True—in peril with no support, the blame belongs to all, not to Fu alone."
66
睿參佐多避事自逸，錄事參軍陳頵言於睿曰：「洛中承平之時，朝士以小心恭恪為凡俗，以偃蹇倨肆為優雅，流風相染，以至敗國。 今僚屬皆承西台餘弊，養望自高，是前車已覆而後車又將尋之也。 請自今臨使稱疾者，皆免官。」 睿不從。 三王之誅趙王倫也，制《己亥格》以賞功，自是循而用之。 頵上言：「昔趙王篡逆，惠皇失位，三王起兵討之，故厚賞以懷向義之心。 今功無大小，皆以格斷，乃至金紫佩士卒之身，符策委僕隸之門，非所以重名器，正紀綱也，請一切停之！」 頵出於寒微，數為正論，府中多惡之，出頵為譙郡太守。
Many of Rui's staff avoided duty; recording secretary Chen Bin told him, "In Luoyang's peaceful days, courtiers treated caution as vulgar and arrogance as refinement; the fashion spread until the state fell. Your staff now inherit the old capital's bad habits, cultivating reputation and pride—the front cart has overturned and the rear is about to follow. From now on, dismiss any envoy who feigns illness." Rui refused. When the Three Princes killed Prince of Zhao Sima Lun, they drew up the Jihai Register to reward merit; thereafter it was applied routinely. Bin argued, "When Prince of Zhao usurped the throne and Emperor Hui was deposed, the Three Princes rose to punish him—hence lavish rewards to win loyal hearts. Now every deed, great or small, is fixed by that register—gold seals on privates, tallies in servants' hands—this does not honor rank or uphold law; abolish it all!" Bin was of humble birth and often spoke plainly; many in headquarters disliked him and had him posted as Qiao commandery administrator.
67
吳興太守周玘，宗族強盛，琅邪王睿頗疑憚之。 睿左右用事者，多中州亡官失守之士，駕御吳人，吳人頗怨。 玘自以失職，又為刁協所輕，恥恚愈甚，乃陰與其黨謀誅執政，以諸南士代之。 事洩，玘憂憤而卒； 將死，謂其子勰曰：「殺我者，諸傖子也； 能復之，乃吾子也。」
Wuxing administrator Zhou Qi came from a powerful clan; Prince of Langye Sima Rui was wary of him. Many of Rui's favorites were displaced officials from the central plains who lorded it over the Wu men, who grew resentful. Qi felt demoted and was slighted by Diao Xie; humiliated, he secretly plotted with his followers to kill the northerners in power and put southerners in their place. The plot was discovered; Qi died of grief and anger; dying, he told his son Mi, "My killers will be those northern upstarts; only a son who avenges me is truly my son."
68
石勒攻李惲於上白，斬之。 王浚復以薄盛為青州刺史。
Shi Le attacked Li Yun at Shangbai and killed him. Wang Jun again appointed Bo Sheng Qingzhou inspector.
69
王浚使棗嵩督諸軍屯易水，召段疾陸眷，欲與之共擊石勒。 疾陸眷不至，浚怒，以重幣賂拓跋猗盧，並檄慕容廆等共討疾陸眷。 猗盧遣右賢王六修將兵會之，為疾陸眷所敗。 廆遣慕容翰攻段氏，取徒河、新城，至陽樂，聞六修敗而還，翰因留鎮徒河，壁青山。
Wang Jun sent Zao Song to camp the armies at Yishui and summoned Duan Jilujuan to join him against Shi Le. Jilujuan did not come; Jun, furious, lavished gifts on Tuoba Yilu and called on Murong Hui and others to attack Jilujuan together. Yilu sent Right Worthy King Liu Xiu to join the campaign; Jilujuan defeated them. Hui sent Murong Han against the Duan, taking Tuhe and Xincheng; at Yangyue he learned of Liu Xiu's defeat and turned back; Han stayed to hold Tuhe and walled Qingshan.
70
初，中國士民避亂者，多北依王浚，浚不能存撫，又政法不立，士民往往復去之。 段氏兄弟專尚武勇，不禮士大夫。 唯慕容廆政事修明，愛重人物，故士民多歸之。 廆舉其英俊，隨才授任，以河東裴嶷、北平陽耽、廬江黃泓、代郡魯昌為謀主，廣平游邃、北海逄羨、北平西方虔、西河宋奭及封抽、裴開為股肱，平原宋該、安定皇甫岌、岌弟真、蘭陵繆愷、昌黎劉斌及封弈、封裕典機要。 裕，抽之子也。
Earlier, Chinese refugees had fled north to Wang Jun; he could neither protect nor govern them well, and many drifted away again. The Duan brothers cared only for arms and slighted scholars. Only Murong Hui governed well and valued talent; so most refugees turned to him. Hui recruited their best men to fit posts: Pei Ji of Hedong, Yang Dan of Beiping, Huang Hong of Lujiang, and Lu Chang of Dai as chief advisers; You Sui of Guangping, Pang Xian of Beihai, Xifang Qian of Beiping, Song Shuang of Xihe, and Feng Chou and Pei Kai as his right hand; Song Gai of Pingyuan, Huangfu Ji of Anding, Ji's brother Zhen, Mou Kai of Lanling, Liu Bin of Changli, and Feng Yi and Feng Yu for confidential affairs. Yu was Feng Chou's son.
71
裴嶷清方有干略，為昌黎太守，兄武為玄菟太守。 武卒，嶷與武子開以其喪歸，過廆，廆敬禮之，及去，厚加資送。 行及遼西，道不通，嶷欲還就廆。 開曰：「鄉里在南，奈何北行！ 且等為流寓，段氏強，慕容氏弱，何必去此而就彼也！」 嶷曰：「中國喪亂，今往就之，是相帥而入虎口也。 且道遠，何由可達！ 若俟其清通，又非歲月可冀。 今欲求托足之地，豈可不慎擇其人。 汝觀諸段，豈有遠略，且能待國士乎！ 慕容公修仁行義，有霸王之志，加以國豐民安，今往從之，高可以立功名，下可以庇宗族，汝何疑焉！」 開乃從之。 既至，廆大喜。 陽耽清直沈敏，為遼西太守。 慕容翰破段氏於陽樂，獲之，廆禮而用之。 游邃、逄羨、宋奭，皆嘗為昌黎太守，與黃泓俱避地於薊，後歸廆。 王浚屢以手書召邃兄暢，暢欲赴之，邃曰：「彭祖刑政不修，華、戎離叛。 以邃度之，必不能久，兄且盤桓以俟之。」 暢曰：「彭祖忍而多疑，頃者流民北來，命所在追殺之。 今手書殷勤，我稽留不往，將累及卿。 且亂世宗族宜分，以冀遺種。」 遂從之，卒與浚俱沒。 宋該與平原杜群、劉翔先依王浚，又依段氏，皆以為不足托，帥諸流寓同歸於廆。 東夷校尉崔毖請皇甫岌為長史，卑辭說諭，終莫能致； 廆招之，岌與弟真即時俱至。 遼東張統據樂浪、帶方二郡，與高句麗王乙弗利相攻，連年不解。 樂浪王遵說統帥其民千餘家歸廆，廆為之置樂浪郡，以統為太守，遵參軍事。
Pei Ji was upright and resourceful; he was Changli administrator; his brother Wu held Xuantu. When Wu died, Ji and Wu's son Kai bore the coffin home; passing Hui's seat, Hui received them with honor and sent them away with rich gifts. In Liaoxi the road was blocked; Ji wanted to turn back to Hui. Kai said, "Our home is south—why go north! We are both exiles; the Duan are strong, the Murong weak—why leave one master for another!" Ji said, "China is in chaos; to go south now is to walk each other into the tiger's mouth. The road is long—how could we reach it! To wait until the way is safe may take more than months. When we seek a foothold, we must choose our patron with care. Look at the Duans—have they long vision, or treat true gentlemen as guests! Lord Murong is humane and righteous, with the mind of a true king; his domain is rich and his people at peace—follow him and we may win glory above and shelter our kin below—what is there to doubt!" Kai agreed and went with him. When they arrived, Hui was overjoyed. Yang Dan was upright, subtle, and sharp; he had been Liaoxi administrator. Murong Han defeated the Duan at Yangyue and captured Dan; Hui honored him and took him into service. You Sui, Pang Xian, and Song Shuang had all been Changli administrators; with Huang Hong they had fled to Ji and later joined Hui. Wang Jun repeatedly summoned Sui's brother Chang by personal letter; Chang meant to go; Sui said, "Pengzu keeps no law; Chinese and barbarians alike abandon him. He will not last—brother, wait a while." Chang said, "Pengzu is cruel and suspicious; when refugees came north he ordered them hunted down. Now his letter is warm; if I delay, you will suffer too. In chaos a clan should split its chances, to preserve some line." He went and in the end died with Jun. Song Gai, Du Qun of Pingyuan, and Liu Xiang had served Wang Jun, then the Duan; finding neither trustworthy, they led their fellow exiles to Hui. Eastern Yi Commandant Cui Bi sought Huangfu Ji as chief clerk with humble pleas but could not win him; Hui summoned him; Ji and his brother Zhen came at once. Zhang Tong of Liaodong held Lelang and Daifang and warred with Goguryeo's King Upli for years without end. Lelang King Zun persuaded Tong to bring more than a thousand households to Hui; Hui established Lelang commandery, made Tong administrator, and Zun army adviser.
72
王如餘黨涪陵李運、巴西王建等自襄陽將三千餘家入漢中，梁州刺史張光遣參軍晉邈將兵拒之。 邈受運、建賂，勸光納其降，光從之，使居成固。 既而邈見運、建及其徒多珍寶，欲盡取之，復說光曰：「運、建之徒，不修農事，專治器仗，其意難測，不如悉掩殺之。 不然，必為亂。」 光又從之。 五月，邈將兵攻運、建，殺之。 建婿楊虎收餘眾擊光，屯於厄水； 光遣其子孟萇討之，不克。
Survivors of Wang Ru—Li Yun of Fuling and Wang Jian of Brazil among them—led three thousand-odd families from Xiangyang into Hanzhong; Liangzhou inspector Zhang Guang sent adviser Jin Miao to block them. Miao took bribes from Yun and Jian and urged Guang to accept their surrender; Guang agreed and settled them at Chenggu. Later Miao saw their wealth and wanted it all; he told Guang again, "Yun and Jian's people farm little and stock arms—their intent is unclear; kill them all. Otherwise they will rebel." Guang agreed again. In the fifth month Miao attacked Yun and Jian and killed them. Jian's son-in-law Yang Hu rallied the survivors and attacked Guang, encamping on the E River; Guang sent his son Meng Chang against him but failed.
73
壬辰，以琅邪王睿為左丞相、大都督，督陝東諸軍事； 南陽王保為右丞相、大都督，督陝西諸軍事。 詔曰：「今當掃除鯨鯢，奉迎梓宮。 令幽、并兩州勒卒三十萬直造平陽，右丞相宜帥秦、涼、梁、雍之師三十萬徑詣長安，左丞相帥所領精兵二十萬徑造洛陽，同赴大期，克成元勳。」
On renchen day Prince of Langye Sima Rui was made Left Chancellor, Grand Commander, and supervisor of armies east of the passes; Prince of Nanyang Sima Bao was made Right Chancellor, Grand Commander, and supervisor of armies west of the passes. The edict said, "We must now destroy the enemy and bring home the late emperor's coffin. Muster three hundred thousand from You and Bing to strike Pingyang; the Right Chancellor shall lead three hundred thousand from Qin, Liang, Yong, and Liang straight to Chang'an; the Left Chancellor shall lead two hundred thousand elite troops on Luoyang—all to meet on the day appointed and win the supreme victory."
74
漢中山王曜屯蒲板。
Han Prince of Zhongshan Liu Yao held Puban.
75
石勒使孔萇擊定陵，殺田徽； 薄盛帥所部降勒，山東郡縣，相繼為勒所取。 漢主聰以勒為侍中、征東大將軍。 烏桓亦叛王浚，潛附於勒。
Shi Le sent Kong Chang against Dingling and killed Tian Hui; Bo Sheng surrendered with his troops; east of the mountains, counties submitted to Le in succession. Han ruler Liu Cong made Le palace attendant and General Who Conquers the East. The Wuhuan rebelled against Wang Jun and secretly joined Le.
76
六月，劉琨與代公猗盧會於陘北，謀擊漢。 秋，七月，琨進據藍谷，猗盧遣拓跋普根屯於北屈。 琨遣監軍韓據自西河而南，將攻西平。 漢主聰遣大將軍粲等拒琨，驃騎將軍易等拒普根，蕩晉將軍蘭陽等助守西平。 琨等聞之，引兵還。 聰使諸軍仍屯所在，為進取之計。
In the sixth month Liu Kun and Duke of Dai Tuoba Yilu met north of Xing to plan an attack on Han. In autumn, the seventh month, Kun advanced to Langu Valley; Yilu sent Tuoba Pugen to camp at Beiqu. Kun sent Supervising General Han Ju south from Xihe to attack Xiping. Han ruler Liu Cong sent Grand General Can and others against Kun; General of Agile Cavalry Yi against Pugen; General Who Sweeps Jin Yang and others to help defend Xiping. Hearing this, Kun withdrew. Cong ordered his armies to hold their positions and prepare to advance.
77
帝遣殿中都尉劉蜀詔左丞相睿以時進軍，與乘輿會於中原。 八月，癸亥，蜀至建康，睿辭以方平定江東，未暇北伐。 以鎮東長史刁協為丞相左長史，從事中郎彭城劉隗為司直，邵陵內史廣陵戴邈為軍咨祭酒，參軍丹楊張闓為從事中郎，尚書郎穎川鐘雅為記室參軍，譙國桓宣為舍人，豫章熊運為主簿，會稽孔愉為手彖。 劉隗雅習文史，善伺候睿意，故睿特親愛之。 熊遠上書，以為：「軍興以來，處事不用律令，競作新意，臨事立制，朝作夕改，至於主者不敢任法，每輒關諮，非為政之體也。 愚謂凡為駁議者，皆當引律令、經傳，不得直以情言，無所依準，以虧舊典。 若開塞隨宜，權道制物，此是人君之所得行，非臣子所宜專用也。」 睿以時方多事，不能從。
The emperor sent Palace Interior Commandant Liu Shu to tell Left Chancellor Sima Rui to march north in due season and meet the imperial train in the Central Plains. In the eighth month, on guihai day, Shu reached Jiankang; Rui pleaded that he was still pacifying the lower Yangtze and could not march north. He appointed Eastern Garrison chief clerk Diao Xie left chief clerk of the chancellery, attendant gentleman Liu Wei of Pengcheng director upright, Shaoling interior minister Dai Miao of Guangling army adviser, Zhang Kai of Danyang attendant gentleman, Zhong Ya of Yingchuan recorder, Huan Xuan of Qiao retainer, Xiong Yuan of Kuaiji chief clerk, and Kong Yu of Kuaiji hand secretary. Liu Wei knew letters and history and read Rui's mood well; Rui favored him accordingly. “Xiong Yuan wrote that since the wars began officials had ignored statute, inventing rules overnight and changing them by evening, until no one dared apply the law without approval—this was no way to govern. Every dissent, he urged, should cite law and canon, not bare opinion that erodes precedent. Flexible expedients belong to the throne, not to officials alone." Rui, busy with crises, would not agree.
78
初，范陽祖逖，少有大志，與劉琨俱為司州主簿。 同寢，中夜聞雞鳴，蹴琨覺曰：「此非惡聲也！」 因起舞。 及渡江，左丞相睿以為軍咨祭酒。 逖居京口，糾合驍健，言於睿曰：「晉室之亂，非上無道而下怨叛也，由宗室爭權，自相魚肉，遂使戎狄乘隙，毒流中土。 今遺民既遭殘賊，人思自奮，大王誠能命將出師，使如逖者統之以復中原，郡國豪傑，必有望風響應者矣！」 睿素無北伐之志，以逖為奮威將軍、豫州刺史，給千人廩，布三千匹，不給鎧仗，使自召募。 逖將其部曲百餘家渡江，中流，擊楫而誓曰：「祖逖不能清中原而復濟者，有如大江！」 遂屯淮陰，起冶鑄兵，募得二千餘人而後進。
Earlier Zu Ti of Fanyang had been ambitious from youth; he and Liu Kun had served together as chief clerks of Sizhou. They shared a bed; at midnight a cock crowed; Zu Ti kicked Kun awake and said, "That is no ill omen!" and they rose to practice sword-dance. After crossing the Yangtze, Left Chancellor Sima Rui made him army adviser. At Jingkou Zu Ti gathered bold men and told Rui, "The Jin fell not because the throne was wicked and the people rebelled, but because the imperial clan tore itself apart until barbarians poured through the heartland. The survivors hunger to fight back; if you send generals north under men like me, the gentry of every commandery will rally to you!" Rui had no mind for the north; he made Zu Ti General Who Displays Might and Yanzhou inspector, gave rations for a thousand men and three thousand bolts of cloth, but no arms—Zu Ti must raise his own troops. Zu Ti led his household guard—barely a hundred families—across the river; midstream he struck the oar and swore, "If I do not recover the north, may this river drown me!" He camped at Huaiyin, forged arms, and mustered two thousand men before marching on.
79
胡亢性猜忌，殺其驍將數人。 杜曾懼，潛引王沖之兵使攻亢。 亢悉精兵出拒之，城中空虛，曾因殺亢而並其眾。
Hu Kang was suspicious and killed several of his best generals. Du Zeng, afraid, secretly brought Wang Chong's troops against Kang. Kang marched out with every picked man; the city was empty; Zeng killed him and took his army.
80
周顗屯潯水城，為杜苾所困； 陶侃使明威將軍朱伺救之，苾退保泠口。 侃曰：「苾必步向武昌。」 乃自徑道還郡以待之，苾果來攻。 侃使朱伺逆擊，大破之，苾遁歸長沙。 周顗出潯水投王敦於豫章，敦留之。 陶侃使參軍王貢告捷於敦，敦曰：「若無陶侯，便失荊州矣！」 乃表侃為荊州刺史，屯沔江。 左丞相睿召周顗，復以為軍諮祭酒。
Zhou Yi held Xunshui city and was trapped by Du Bi; Tao Kan sent General Who Displays Brightness Zhu Si to relieve him; Bi fell back to Lengkou. Kan said, "Bi will surely strike Wuchang." He took the short road home to wait; Bi came as he had foreseen. Kan sent Zhu Si to intercept and routed him; Bi fled to Changsha. Zhou Yi left Xunshui and joined Wang Dun at Yuzhang; Dun detained him. Tao Kan sent adviser Wang Gong to report victory to Dun; Dun said, "Without Lord Tao, Jingzhou would be lost!" He memorialized Kan as Jingzhou inspector, stationed on the Mian. Left Chancellor Sima Rui recalled Zhou Yi and again made him army adviser.
81
初，氐王楊茂搜之子難敵，遣養子販易於梁州，私賣良人子一人，張光鞭殺之。 難敵怨曰：「使君初來，大荒之後，兵民之命仰我氐活，氐有小罪，不能貰也？」 及光與楊虎相攻，各求救於茂搜，茂搜遣難敵救光。 難敵求貨於光，光不與。 楊虎厚賂難敵，且曰：「流民珍貨，悉在光所，今伐我，不如伐光。」 難敵大喜。 光與虎戰，使張孟萇居前，難敵繼後。 難敵與虎夾擊孟萇，大破之，孟萇及其弟援皆死。 光嬰城自守。 九月，光憤激成疾，僚屬勸光退據魏興。 光按劍曰：「吾受國重任，不能討賊，今得死如登仙，何謂退也！」 聲絕而卒。 州人推其少子邁領州事，又與氐戰沒，眾推始平太守鬍子序領梁州。
Earlier Di king Yang Maosou's son Nandi had sent a foster son to trade in Liangzhou and secretly sold a free man's child; Zhang Guang had him flogged to death. Nandi protested, "When you first came, after the great famine, our Di kept your soldiers and people alive; a small Di offense cannot be forgiven? When Guang fought Yang Hu, each begged Maosou for aid; Maosou sent Nandi to help Guang. Nandi demanded payment from Guang; Guang refused. Yang Hu bribed Nandi heavily and said, "The refugees' treasure is all in Guang's hands; attack him, not me." Nandi was delighted. Guang fought Hu with Zhang Mengchang in front and Nandi behind. Nandi and Hu caught Mengchang in a pincer and destroyed him; Mengchang and his brother Yuan both died. Guang shut himself in the city. In the ninth month Guang fell ill with rage; his staff urged him to fall back on Weixing. Guang gripped his sword and said, "The state entrusted me with a great charge; I could not defeat the rebels; to die now is heaven—what talk of retreat! His voice broke and he died. The province made his youngest son Mai governor; he fought the Di and died; they then made Shiping administrator Hu Zixu Liangzhou leader.
82
荀籓薨於開封。
Xun Fan died at Kaifeng.
83
漢中山王曜、趙染攻麴允於黃白城，允累戰皆敗，詔以索綝為征東大將軍，將兵助允。
Han Prince of Zhongshan Liu Yao and Zhao Ran attacked Qu Yun at Huangbai City; Yun lost battle after battle; the court made Suo Lin General Who Conquers the East and sent him to aid Yun.
84
王貢自王敦所還，至竟陵，矯陶侃之命，以杜曾為前鋒大都督，擊王沖，斬之，悉降其眾。 侃召曾，曾不至。 貢恐以矯命獲罪，遂與曾反擊侃。 冬，十月，侃兵大敗，僅以身免。 敦表侃以白衣領職。 侃復帥周訪等進攻杜苾，大破之，敦乃奏復侃官。
Wang Gong, returning from Dun's camp to Jingling, forged Tao Kan's order, made Du Zeng vanguard commander, attacked Wang Chong, killed him, and absorbed his army. Kan summoned Zeng; he would not come. Gong, fearing punishment for the forgery, joined Zeng in attacking Kan. In winter, the tenth month, Kan's army was shattered; he barely escaped. Dun reported Kan as serving in undress. Kan rallied Zhou Fang and others, crushed Du Bi, and Dun restored his rank.
85
漢趙染謂中山王曜曰：「麴允帥大眾在外，長安空虛，可襲也。」 曜使染帥精騎五千襲長安，庚寅夜，入外城。 帝奔射雁樓。 染焚龍尾及諸營，殺掠千餘人； 辛卯旦，退屯逍遙園。 壬辰，將軍麴鑒自阿城帥眾五千救長安。 癸巳，染引還，鑒追之，與曜遇於零武，鑒兵大敗。
Han Zhao Ran told Prince of Zhongshan Liu Yao, "Qu Yun's main force is abroad; Chang'an is empty—strike it. Yao sent Ran with five thousand picked horsemen against Chang'an; on gengyin night they broke into the outer city. The emperor fled to the Shooting-Geese Tower. Ran burned the Dragon Tail palace and the camps, killing and looting more than a thousand; at dawn on xinmao day he withdrew to the Free Roaming Garden. On renchen day General Qu Jian marched five thousand men from A City to relieve Chang'an. On guisi day Ran withdrew; Jian pursued and met Yao at Lingwu; Jian's force was destroyed.
86
楊虎、楊難敵急攻梁州，鬍子序棄城走，難敵自稱刺史。
Yang Hu and Yang Nandi pressed Liangzhou; Hu Zixu fled the city; Nandi proclaimed himself inspector.
87
漢中山王曜恃勝而不設備。 十一月，麴允引兵襲之，漢兵大敗，殺其冠軍將軍喬智明； 曜引歸平陽。
Han Prince of Zhongshan Liu Yao, overconfident, kept no guard. In the eleventh month Qu Yun surprised him; the Han army was routed and General Who Conquers the Champion Qiao Zhiming was killed; Yao retreated to Pingyang.
88
王浚以其父字處道，自謂應「當塗高」之讖，謀稱尊號。 前勃海太守劉亮、北海太守王摶、司空手彖高柔切諫，浚皆殺之。 燕國霍原，志節清高，屢辭征辟。 浚以尊號事問之，原不答。 浚誣原與群盜通，殺而梟其首。 於是士民駭怨，而浚矜豪日甚，不親政事，所任皆苛刻小人，棗嵩、朱碩，貪橫尤甚。 北州謠曰：「府中赫赫，朱丘伯； 十囊、五囊，入棗郎。」 調發殷煩，下不堪命，多叛入鮮卑。 從事韓鹹監護柳城，盛稱慕容廆能接納士民，欲以諷浚。 浚怒，殺之。
Wang Jun, whose father's courtesy name was Chudao, thought himself the man of the prophecy "when the road is coated" and plotted to declare himself emperor. Former Bohai administrator Liu Liang, Beihai administrator Wang Tuan, and Minister of Works hand secretary Gao Rou protested fiercely; Jun killed them all. Huoyuan of Yan State, pure in will and conduct, had repeatedly refused office. Jun asked his view of the imperial title; Yuan would not answer. Jun accused Yuan of collusion with bandits, killed him, and displayed his head. Officials and people were terrified and angry; Jun grew more arrogant, neglected government, and trusted harsh petty men—Zao Song and Zhu Shuo worst of all. A northern ballad ran, "In the headquarters, blazing bright—Lord Zhu of the hill; ten sacks, five sacks—all for young master Zao." Taxes crushed the people; many fled to the Xianbei. Attendant Han Xian, overseeing Liucheng, praised Murong Hui's welcome to refugees, hoping to shame Jun. Jun killed him in anger.
89
浚始者唯恃鮮卑、烏桓以為強，既而皆叛之。 加以蝗旱連年，兵勢益弱。 石勒欲襲之，未知虛實，將遣使覘之，參佐請用羊祜、陸抗故事，致書於浚。 勒以問張賓，賓曰：「浚名為晉臣，實欲廢晉自立，但患四海英雄莫之從耳； 其欲得將軍，猶項羽之欲得韓信也。 將軍威振天下，今卑辭厚禮，折節事之，猶懼不言，況為羊、陸之亢敵乎！ 夫謀人而使人覺其情，難以得志矣。」 勒曰：「善！」 十二月，勒遣舍人王子春、董肇多繼珍寶，奉表於浚曰：「勒本小胡，遭世饑亂，流離屯厄，竄命冀州，竊相保聚以救性命。 今晉祚淪夷，中原無主； 殿下州鄉貴望，四海所宗，為帝王者，非公復誰！ 勒所以捐軀起兵，誅討暴亂者，正為殿下驅除爾。 伏願殿下應天順人，早登皇祚。 勒奉戴殿下如天地父母，殿下察勒微心，亦當視之如子也。」 又遺棗嵩書，厚賂之。
Jun had relied on Xianbei and Wuhuan strength; now they all deserted him. Locusts and drought ran on for years; his armies weakened further. Shi Le meant to strike him but needed intelligence; his staff urged the Yang Hu–Lu Kang precedent—a letter to Jun. Le consulted Zhang Bin; Bin said, "Jun is a Jin minister in name only; he wants the throne but fears no hero will follow him; he wants you as Xiang Yu wanted Han Xin. Your fame fills the realm; bow to him with gifts and he may still ignore you—how can you play Yang Hu or Lu Kang against him! Once he sees your design, you will not succeed." Le said, "Well said! In the twelfth month Le sent retainer Wang Zichun and Dong Zhao laden with gifts and a memorial to Jun: "I am a humble barbarian, starving in chaos, clinging to life in Ji Province by banding with others for survival. Jin's mandate is fallen; the Central Plains has no lord; Your Highness is the hope of your homeland and the honor of the realm—who but you should be emperor! I took up arms only to clear Your Highness's path. I beg you to heed Heaven and the people and take the throne soon. I will serve you as son to father; regard me likewise as a son." He wrote Zao Song as well and bribed him heavily.
90
浚以段疾陸眷新叛，士民多棄己去，聞勒欲附之，甚喜，謂子春曰：「石公一時英傑，據有趙、魏，乃欲稱籓於孤，其可信乎？」 子春曰：「石將軍才力強盛，誠如聖旨。 但以殿下中州貴望，威行夷、夏，自古胡人為輔佐名臣則有矣，未有為帝王者也。 石將軍非惡帝王不為而讓於殿下，顧以帝王自有歷數，非智力之所取，雖強取之，必不為天人之所與故也。 項羽雖強，終為漢有。 石將軍之比殿下，猶陰精之與太陽，是以遠鑒前事，歸身殿下，此乃石將軍之明識所以遠過於人也，殿下又何怪乎！」 浚大悅，封子春、肇皆為列侯，遣使報聘，以厚幣酬之。 游綸兄統，為浚司馬，鎮范陽，遣使私附於勒； 勒斬其使以送浚。 浚雖不罪統，益信勒為忠誠，無復疑矣。
Jun, with Jilujuan newly in revolt and his people deserting, was delighted that Le would submit; he asked Zichun, "Shi Le is a hero of the age, holding Zhao and Wei—yet he would be my vassal; can I trust this?" Zichun said, "General Shi is mighty—as you say. But Your Highness is the central plains' true lord, feared by Chinese and barbarian alike—barbarians have served as great ministers, never as emperors. General Shi does not scorn the throne but yields to you—he knows the mandate is not won by force alone; seize it by strength and Heaven will deny you. Xiang Yu was strong, yet Han possessed the realm. General Shi beside you is moon to sun—reading history, he bows to you; that is wisdom beyond others—why wonder!" Jun was overjoyed, enfeoffed Zichun and Zhao as marquises, sent envoys in return, and repaid with rich gifts. You Sui's brother Tong, Jun's marshal at Fanyang, secretly sent envoys to Le; Le killed the envoy and sent the head to Jun. Jun did not punish Tong but trusted Le completely and doubted no more.
91
是歲，左丞相睿遣世子紹鎮廣陵，以丞相手彖蔡謨為參軍。 謨，克之子也。
That year Left Chancellor Sima Rui sent heir apparent Shao to hold Guangling and made chancellor's hand secretary Cai Mo his adviser. Mo was the son of Cai Ke.
92
漢中山王曜圍河南尹魏浚於石樑，兗州刺史劉演、河內太守郭默遣兵救之，曜分兵逆戰於河北，敗之； 浚夜走，獲而殺之。
Han Prince of Zhongshan Liu Yao besieged Henan intendant Wei Jun at Shiliang; Yanzhou inspector Liu Yan and Henei administrator Guo Mo sent relief; Yao met them north of the river and defeated them; Jun fled by night; they caught and killed him.
93
代公猗盧城盛樂以為北都，治故平城為南都； 又作新平城於灅水之陽，使右賢王六修鎮之，統領南部。
Duke of Dai Tuoba Yilu fortified Shengle as northern capital and kept old Pingcheng as southern capital; he built New Pingcheng on the south bank of the Chishui and posted Right Worthy King Liu Xiu there to rule the south.