1
資治通鑑第117卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 117
2
【晉紀三十九】起旃蒙單閼，盡柔兆執徐，凡二年。
[Jin Records 39] Spanning from the year Qianmeng Danque through Rouzhao Zhixu, a period of two years in all.
3
安皇帝壬義熙十一年（ 乙卯，公元四一五年）
In the eleventh year of the Yixi era under Emperor An, the ren year ( yimao, corresponding to AD 415)
4
春，正月，丙長，魏主嗣還平城。
In spring, during the first month, on the day bingchang, the Wei emperor Daowu Tuoba Si returned to Pingcheng.
5
太尉裕收司馬休之次子文寶、兄子文祖，並賜死； 發兵擊之。 詔加裕黃鉞，領荊州刺史。 庚午，大赦。
Grand Marshal Liu Yu arrested Sima Xiuzhi's second son Wenbao and his nephew Wenzu and had both executed by imperial order; then marched against him at the head of an army. An imperial edict invested Yu with the yellow battle-axe and appointed him to serve concurrently as Governor of Jing Province. On the day gengwu, a general amnesty was declared.
6
丁丑，以吏部尚書謝裕為尚書左僕射。
On dingchou, Xie Yu, Minister of the Civil Service, was appointed Left Vice Director of the Imperial Secretariat.
7
辛巳，太尉裕發建康。 以中軍將軍劉道憐監留府事，劉穆之兼右僕射。 事無大小，皆決於穆之。 又以高陽內史劉鐘領石頭戍事，屯冶亭。 休之府司馬張裕、南平太守檀范之聞之，皆逃歸建康。 裕，邵之兄也。 雍州刺史魯宗之自疑不為太尉裕所容，與其子竟陵太守軌起兵應休之。 二月，休之上表罪狀裕，勒兵拒之。
On xinsi, Grand Marshal Liu Yu departed from the capital at Jiankang. He left Central Army General Liu Daolian in charge of the capital and appointed Liu Muzhi concurrently as Right Vice Director. Every matter, large or small, was decided by Liu Muzhi. He further assigned Gaoyang Interior Minister Liu Zhong to command the Shitou garrison and camp at Yeting. When they heard the news, Xiuzhi's chief administrator Zhang Yu and Nanping Administrator Tan Fanzhi both fled back to Jiankang. Zhang Yu was the elder brother of Zhang Shao. Lu Zongzhi, Inspector of Yong Province, fearing that Grand Marshal Liu Yu would not spare him, joined his son Gui, Administrator of Jingling, in raising troops to support Xiuzhi. In the second month, Xiuzhi memorialized the throne with a bill of indictment against Liu Yu and marshaled his forces to oppose him.
8
裕密書招休之府錄事參軍南陽韓延之，延之復書曰：「承親帥戎馬，遠履西畿，闔境士庶，莫不惶駭。 辱疏，知以譙王前事，良增歎息。 司馬平西體國忠貞，款懷待物。 以公有匡復之勳，家國蒙賴，推德委誠，每事詢仰。 譙王往以微事見劾，猶自表遜位； 況以大過，而錄嘿然邪！ 前已表奏廢之，所不盡者命耳。 推寄相與，正當如此。 而遽興兵甲，所謂『欲加之罪，其無辭乎！』 劉裕足下，海內之人，誰不見足下此心，而復欲欺逛國士！ 來示云『處懷期物，自有由來』，今伐人之君，啖人以利，真可謂『處懷期物，自有由來』者乎！ 劉籓死於閶闔之門，諸葛斃於左右之手； 甘言詫方伯，襲之以輕兵； 遂使席上靡款懷之士，閫外無自信諸侯，以是為得算，良可恥也！ 貴府將佐及朝廷賢德，寄命過日。 吾誠鄙劣，嘗聞道於君子，以平西之至德，寧可無授命之臣乎！ 必未能自投虎口，比跡郗僧施之徒明矣。 假令天長喪亂，九流渾濁，當與臧洪游於地下，不復多言。」 裕視書歎息，以示將佐曰：「事人當如此矣！」 延之以裕父名翹，字顯宗。 乃更其字曰顯宗，名其子曰翹，以示不臣劉氏。
Liu Yu sent a secret letter trying to win over Xiuzhi's recording secretary Han Yanzhi of Nanyang. Yanzhi wrote back: 'I learn that you are leading troops in person deep into the western heartland; every official and commoner in the region is stricken with fear. In your gracious letter you mention the affair of the Prince of Qiao; that only deepens my grief. Sima the Pacifier of the West is loyal to the state in body and open-hearted toward all men. Because you had the merit of restoring the dynasty, the house and the realm depended on you; he honored your virtue, entrusted you with his confidence, and sought your counsel in every affair. When the Prince of Qiao was impeached on a trifling charge, he still offered of his own accord to abdicate; how then could he have kept silent in the face of so grave an offense! He had already submitted a memorial calling for the prince's removal; only fate itself could account for what remained undone. The mutual trust between them was exactly what such a bond ought to be. Yet you have suddenly taken up arms—does this not prove the old saying, 'When you wish to punish a man, you will never lack a charge against him!' Liu Yu, every man under heaven can see what is in your heart; do you imagine you can still deceive the worthies of the realm! You write that 'one who harbors designs upon others has his reasons, and they run deep.' Yet now you make war on a sovereign lord and tempt men with gain—is this what you call having reasons that run deep! Liu Fan died at the Gate of Heaven, Zhuge Changmin was struck down by his own attendants; with honeyed words you duped the regional commanders, then struck them with a sudden, light strike force; so that no man of open loyalty remains at court and no lord beyond the frontier dares trust himself—yet you call this sound strategy. It is a disgrace! The officers of your own staff and the worthy men at court merely live from day to day at your pleasure. I am a mean and worthless man, yet I have learned from gentlemen what honor demands. With the Pacifier of the West's supreme virtue, can he lack ministers who would die at his command! I shall certainly not throw myself into the tiger's maw of my own will. That I am no Xi Sengshi should be plain enough. Should heaven prolong this age of disorder until all the world runs foul, I shall keep company with Zang Hong in the world below. I have nothing more to say.' Liu Yu read the letter and sighed. He showed it to his officers and said, 'This is how one ought to serve one's lord!' Han Yanzhi, knowing that Liu Yu's father's name was Qiao and his style Xianzong, changed his own style to Xianzong and named his son Qiao, thereby declaring that he would not submit to the house of Liu.
9
琅邪太守劉朗帥二千餘家降魏。
Liu Lang, Administrator of Langye, led more than two thousand households in surrendering to Wei.
10
庚子，河西胡劉雲等帥數萬戶降魏。
On gengzi, Liu Yun of the Hexi Hu and others led tens of thousands of households in submitting to Wei.
11
太尉裕吏參軍檀道濟、朱超石將步騎出襄陽。 超石，齡石之弟也。 江夏太守劉虔之將兵屯三連，立橋聚糧以待，道濟等積日不至。 魯軌襲擊虔之，殺之。 裕使其婿振威將軍東海徐逵之統參軍蒯恩、王允之、沈淵子為前鋒，出江夏口。 逵之等與魯軌戰於破塚，兵敗，逵之、允之、淵子皆死，獨蒯恩勒兵不動。 軌乘勝力攻之，不能克，乃退。 淵子，林子之兄也。
Tan Daoji and Zhu Chao-shi, staff advisers to Grand Marshal Liu Yu, led infantry and cavalry out of Xiangyang. Zhu Chao-shi was the younger brother of Zhu Ling-shi. Liu Qianzhi, Administrator of Jiangxia, marched to Sanlian, built bridges, and stockpiled grain to await Tan Daoji's force, but Daoji and his men failed to arrive for many days. Lu Gui attacked Qianzhi by surprise and killed him. Liu Yu sent his son-in-law Xu Kuizhi of Donghai, General Who Quells Might, to lead the staff officers Kuai En, Wang Yunzhi, and Shen Yuanzi as the vanguard out of Jiangxiakou. Kuizhi and his men fought Lu Gui at Pozhong and were routed. Kuizhi, Yunzhi, and Yuanzi were all killed; only Kuai En held his troops firm and did not stir. Gui pressed the attack at full strength but could not break Kuai En's line and finally withdrew. Shen Yuanzi was the elder brother of Shen Linzi.
12
裕軍於馬頭，聞逵之死，怒甚。 三月，壬午，帥諸將濟江。 魯軌、司馬文思將休之兵四萬，臨峭岸置陳，軍士無能登者。 裕自被甲欲登，諸將諫，不從，怒愈甚。 太尉主簿謝晦前抱持裕，裕抽劍指晦曰：「我斬卿！」 晦曰：「天下可無晦，不可無公！」 建武將軍胡籓領遊兵在江津，裕呼籓使登，籓有疑色。 裕命左右錄來，欲斬之。 籓顧曰：「正欲擊賊，不得奉教！」 乃以刀頭穿岸，劣容足指，騰之而上，隨之者稍多。 既登岸，直前力戰。 休之兵不能當，稍引卻。 裕兵因而乘之，休之兵大潰，遂克江陵。 休之、宗之俱北走，軌留石城。 裕命閬中侯下邳趙倫之、太尉參軍沈林子攻之； 遣武陵內史王鎮惡以舟師追休之等。
Liu Yu encamped at Matou. When he heard of Kuizhi's death, he was furious. In the third month, on renwu, he led his generals across the Yangzi. Lu Gui and Sima Wensi commanded Xiuzhi's army of forty thousand men, arrayed along a sheer bank where none of Liu Yu's soldiers could gain a foothold. Liu Yu himself buckled on armor and prepared to climb the bank. His generals pleaded with him, but he would not listen, and his rage only mounted. Xie Hui, chief clerk to the Grand Marshal, rushed forward and seized Liu Yu in his arms. Liu Yu drew his sword and pointed it at Hui, crying, 'I will kill you!' Hui replied, 'The realm can spare Hui, but it cannot spare you, my lord!' Jianwu General Hu Fan commanded the mobile troops at Jiangjin. Liu Yu ordered Fan to climb the bank, but Fan hesitated. Liu Yu ordered his attendants to seize Fan and bring him forward for execution. Fan turned and cried, 'I was about to strike the enemy—I could not wait for your order!' He wedged the point of his blade into the bank, found footing for no more than his toes, and vaulted upward. Others followed, and soon a growing number were climbing after him. Once ashore, they pressed straight ahead and fought with all their might. Xiuzhi's troops could not hold them and slowly gave ground. Liu Yu's men pressed the advantage, Xiuzhi's army broke in complete rout, and they took Jiangling. Xiuzhi and Zongzhi both fled north together, while Gui held Shicheng. Liu Yu ordered Zhao Lunzhi of Xiapi, Marquis of Langzhong, and his staff officer Shen Linzi to attack Shicheng; and sent Wang Zhen'e, Interior Minister of Wuling, with a fleet in pursuit of Xiuzhi and his party.
13
有群盜數百夜襲冶亭，京師震駭； 劉鐘討平之。
Several hundred bandits raided Yeting by night, throwing the capital into alarm; Liu Zhong marched out and put them down.
14
秦廣平公弼譖姚宣於秦王興，宣司馬權丕至長安，興責以不能輔導，將誅之； 丕懼，誣宣罪惡以求自免。 興怒，遣使就杏城收宣下獄，命弼將三萬人鎮秦州。 尹昭曰：「廣平公與皇太子不平，今握強兵於外，陛下一旦不諱，社稷必危。 『小不忍，亂大謀』，陛下之謂也。」 興不從。
In Qin, the Prince of Guangping, Yao Bi, slandered Yao Xuan to King Yao Xing. When Xuan's chief administrator Quan Pi reached Chang'an, Xing blamed him for failing to guide his lord properly and was about to execute him; Pi, in fear for his life, falsely accused Xuan of crimes in the hope of saving himself. Xing flew into a rage, sent envoys to Xingcheng to arrest Xuan and throw him into prison, and ordered Bi to lead thirty thousand men to garrison Qin Province. Yin Zhao said, 'The Prince of Guangping is at odds with the Crown Prince, yet now he commands a large army in the field. Should Your Majesty meet with misfortune, the realm itself will be in peril. 'He who will not bear a little ends by ruining a great plan'—that proverb was written for Your Majesty.' Xing would not listen.
15
夏王勃勃攻秦杏城，拔之，執守將姚逵，坑士卒二萬人。 秦王興如北地，遣廣平公弼及輔國將軍斂曼嵬向新平，興還長安。
Helian Bobo, king of Xia, attacked Xingcheng in Qin, captured it, seized the garrison commander Yao Kui, and buried alive twenty thousand of his troops. King Yao Xing of Qin went to Beidi and dispatched the Prince of Guangping, Yao Bi, and Supporting-the-State General Qiumanwei toward Xinping, then returned to Chang'an himself.
16
河西王蒙遜攻西秦廣武郡，拔之。 西秦王熾磐遣將軍乞伏魋尼寅邀蒙遜於浩宜，蒙遜擊斬之； 又遣將軍折斐等帥騎一萬據勒姐嶺，蒙孫擊禽之。
Juqu Mengxun, king of Hexi, attacked Guangwu Commandery in Western Qin and captured it. Chipan, king of Western Qin, sent General Qifu Kuiniyin to intercept Mengxun at Haoyi; Mengxun attacked and killed him; Chipan also sent Generals Zhe Fei and others with ten thousand horsemen to hold Lejie Ridge; Mengxun attacked and captured them.
17
河西饑胡相聚於上黨，推胡人白惡栗斯為單于，改元建平，以司馬順宰為謀主，寇魏河內。 夏，四月，魏主嗣命公孫表等五將討之。
Starving Hu tribesmen of Hexi gathered at Shangdang, proclaimed the Hu leader Bai Elisi as chanyu, adopted the era name Jianping, made Sima Shunzai their chief strategist, and raided Henei in Wei. In summer, during the fourth month, the Wei emperor Si ordered Gongsun Biao and four other generals to campaign against them.
18
青、冀二州刺史劉敬宣參軍司馬道賜，宗室之疏屬也。 聞太尉裕攻司馬休之，道賜與同府辟閭道秀、左右小將王猛子謀殺敬宣，據廣固以應休之。 乙卯，敬宣召道秀，屏人語，左右悉出戶。 猛子逡巡在後，取敬宣備身刀殺敬宣。 文武佐吏即時討道賜等，皆斬之。
Sima Daoci, a staff officer to Liu Jingxuan, Inspector of Qing and Ji provinces, was a distant kinsman of the imperial house. When he heard that Grand Marshal Liu Yu was attacking Sima Xiuzhi, Daoci conspired with his colleague Pilu Daoxiu and the junior officer Wang Mengzi to murder Jingxuan, seize Guanggu, and join Xiuzhi's cause. On yimao, Jingxuan summoned Daoxiu for a private talk and sent everyone else out of the room. Mengzi lingered behind, drew Jingxuan's bodyguard sword, and killed him. Jingxuan's civil and military officers at once moved against Daoci and his accomplices and beheaded them all.
19
己卯，魏主嗣北巡。
On jimao, the Wei emperor Si set out on a tour of inspection in the north.
20
西秦王熾磐子元基自長安逃歸，熾磐以為尚書左僕射。
Yuanji, son of Chipan, king of Western Qin, escaped from Chang'an and returned home; Chipan appointed him Left Vice Director of the Imperial Secretariat.
21
五月，丁亥，魏主嗣如大寧。
In the fifth month, on dinghai, the Wei emperor Si went to Daning.
22
趙倫之、沈林子破魯軌於石城，司馬休之、魯宗之救之不及，遂與軌奔襄陽，宗之參軍李應之閉門不納。 甲午，休之、宗之、軌及譙王文思、新蔡王道賜、梁州刺史馬敬、南陽太守魯范俱奔秦。 宗之素得士民心，爭為之衛送出境。 王鎮晉等追之，盡境而還。
Zhao Lunzhi and Shen Linzi defeated Lu Gui at Shicheng. Sima Xiuzhi and Lu Zongzhi arrived too late to save him and fled with Gui toward Xiangyang, but Li Yingzhi, a staff officer under Zongzhi, shut the gates and refused them entry. On jiawu, Xiuzhi, Zongzhi, Gui, Wensi Prince of Qiao, Daoci Prince of Xincai, Ma Jing Inspector of Liang Province, and Lu Fan Administrator of Nanyang all fled to Qin. Zongzhi had long enjoyed the loyalty of the gentry and the common people, who vied with one another to guard and escort him out of Jin territory. Wang Zhen'e and his men pursued them to the frontier and then turned back.
23
初，休之等求救於秦、魏，秦征虜將軍姚成王及司馬國璠引兵至南陽，魏長孫嵩至河東，聞休之等敗，皆引還。 休之至長安，秦王興以為揚州刺史，使侵擾襄陽。 待御史唐盛言於興曰：「據符讖之文，司馬氏當復得河、洛。 今使休之擅兵於外，猶縱魚於淵也； 不如以高爵厚禮，留之京師。」 興曰：「昔文王卒羑裡，高祖不斃鴻門； 苟天命所在，誰能違之！ 脫如符讖之言，留之適足為害。」 遂遣之。
Earlier, Xiuzhi and his party had appealed for help to Qin and Wei. Yao Chengwang, Qin's General Who Subdues the Barbarians, and Sima Guofan marched to Nanyang, while Changsun Song of Wei reached Hedong; when they heard that Xiuzhi had been defeated, both forces withdrew. When Xiuzhi reached Chang'an, King Yao Xing appointed him Governor of Yang Province and set him to raiding Xiangyang. Supervising Censor Tang Sheng said to Xing, 'According to the prognostic texts, the house of Sima is destined to recover the lands between the Yellow and Luo rivers. To let Xiuzhi command troops on his own in the field is like releasing a fish back into the deep; it would be wiser to honor him with high rank and rich rewards and keep him at court.' Xing replied, 'King Wen of Zhou died a prisoner at Youli, yet the High Ancestor of Han was not killed at Hong Gate; when Heaven's mandate rests where it will, who can defy it! If the prognostications are true, keeping him here would only make matters worse.' Xing then sent him on his way.
24
詔加太尉裕太傅、揚州牧，劍履上殿，入朝不趨，贊拜不名。 以兗、青二州刺史劉道憐為都督荊、湘、益、秦、寧、、雍七州諸軍事、驃騎將軍、荊州刺史。 道憐貪鄙，無才能，裕以中軍長史晉陵太守謝方明為驃騎長史、南郡相，道憐府中眾事皆咨決於方明。 方明，沖之子也。
An edict promoted Grand Marshal Liu Yu to Grand Tutor and Governor of Yang Province, with the privileges of wearing sword and shoes in the palace hall, entering court without hurrying, and being addressed without his name during ceremonial salutations. Liu Daolian, who held Yan and Qing provinces, was appointed Commander-in-Chief over the seven provinces of Jing, Xiang, Yi, Qin, Ning, [—], and Yong, made General of Agile Cavalry, and named Governor of Jing Province. Daolian was greedy and untalented. Yu appointed Xie Fangming, chief clerk of the central army and administrator of Jinling, as chief clerk to the General of Agile Cavalry and chancellor of Nan Commandery; every matter in Daolian's headquarters was referred to Fangming for decision. Fangming was the son of Xie Chong.
25
益州刺史朱齡石遣使詣河西王蒙遜，諭以朝廷威德。 蒙遜遣舍人黃迅詣齡石，且上表言：「伏聞車騎將軍裕欲清中原，願為右翼，驅除戎虜。」
Zhu Lingshi, Governor of Yi Province, sent an envoy to Juqu Mengsun, King of Hexi, to impress upon him the authority and benevolence of the imperial court. Mengsun sent his attendant Huang Xun to Lingshi and submitted a memorial stating, 'I have learned that General of Chariots and Cavalry Liu Yu intends to recover the Central Plains; I wish to serve on his right flank and help expel the barbarian foe.'
26
夏王勃勃遣御史中丞烏洛孤與蒙遜結盟，蒙遜遣其弟湟河太守漢平蒞盟於夏。
Helian Bobo, King of Xia, sent Supervising Censor Wuluogu to ally with Mengsun; Mengsun in turn sent his younger brother Hanping, governor of Huanghe, to Xia to seal the pact.
27
西秦王熾磐帥眾三萬襲湟河，沮渠漢平拒之，遣司馬隗仁夜出擊熾磐，破之。 熾磐將引去，漢平長史焦昶、將軍段景潛召熾磐，熾磐復攻之，昶、景因說漢平出降。 仁勒壯士百餘據南門樓，三日不下，力屈，為熾磐所禽。 熾磐欲斬之，散騎常侍武威段暉諫曰：「仁臨難不畏死，忠臣也，宜宥之以厲事君。」 乃囚之。 熾磐以左衛將軍匹達為湟河太守，擊乙弗窟乾，降其三千餘戶而歸。 以尚書右僕射出連虔為都督嶺北諸軍事、涼州刺史； 以涼州刺史謙屯為鎮軍大將軍、河州牧。 隗仁在西秦五年，段暉又為之請，熾磐免之，使還姑臧。
Qifu Chipan, King of Western Qin, led thirty thousand troops in a raid on Huanghe. Juqu Hanping held him off and sent his major Wei Ren on a night attack that routed Chipan's force. Chipan was preparing to withdraw when Hanping's chief clerk Jiao Chang and General Duan Jing secretly recalled him. Chipan renewed the assault, and Chang and Jing then persuaded Hanping to surrender. Wei Ren gathered more than a hundred stalwart fighters and held the south gate tower for three days without yielding; when his strength gave out, Chipan captured him. Chipan wanted to execute him, but Attendant-in-Ordinary Duan Hui of Wuwei remonstrated, 'Wei Ren did not flinch from death in the face of danger—he is a loyal minister. Pardon him, and others will be inspired to serve their lords faithfully.' Chipan then had him imprisoned. Chipan appointed Left Guard General Pida governor of Huanghe, attacked Yifu Kugan, accepted the surrender of more than three thousand households, and returned. He made Right Vice Director Chilian Qian Commander-in-Chief of the forces north of the passes and Governor of Liang Province; and he made Qiantun, governor of Liang Province, General Who Stabilizes the Army and Governor of He Province. Wei Ren spent five years in Western Qin captivity. Duan Hui pleaded for him again, and Chipan set him free and sent him back to Guzang.
28
戊午，魏主嗣行如濡源，遂至上谷、涿鹿、廣寧。 秋，七月，癸未，還平城。
On wuwu, Emperor Si of Wei traveled to Ruyuan and continued on to Shanggu, Zhuolu, and Guangning. In the seventh month of autumn, on guiwei, he returned to Pingcheng.
29
西秦王熾磐以秦州刺史曇達為尚書令，光祿勳王松壽為秦州刺史。
Qifu Chipan, King of Western Qin, appointed Tanda, governor of Qin Province, Minister of the Masters of Writing, and made Household Minister Wang Songsou governor of Qin Province in his place.
30
辛亥晦，日有食之。
On the last day of the xinhai cycle, there was a solar eclipse.
31
八月，甲子，太尉裕還建康，固辭太傅、州牧，其餘受命。 以豫章公世子義符為兗州刺史。
In the eighth month, on jiazi, Grand Marshal Liu Yu returned to Jiankang. He firmly declined the posts of Grand Tutor and provincial governor but accepted the remaining honors. Liu Yifu, heir of the Duke of Yuzhang, was appointed Governor of Yan Province.
32
丁未，謝裕卒； 以劉穆之為左僕射。
On dingwei, Xie Yu died; Liu Muzhi was appointed Left Vice Director.
33
九月，己亥，大赦。
In the ninth month, on jihai, a general amnesty was declared.
34
魏比歲霜旱，雲、代之民多饑死。 太史令王亮、蘇坦言於魏主嗣曰：「按讖書，魏當都鄴，可得豐樂。」 嗣以問群臣，博士祭酒崔浩、特進京兆周澹曰：「遷都於鄴，可以救今年之饑，非久長之計也。 山東之人，以國家居廣漠之地，謂其民畜無涯，號曰『牛毛之眾』。 今留兵守舊都，分家南徙，不能滿諸州之地，參居郡縣，情見事露，恐四方皆有輕侮之心； 且百姓不便水土，疾疫死傷者必多。 又，舊都守兵既少，屈丐、柔然將有窺窬之心，舉國而來，雲中、平城必危，朝廷隔恆、代千里之險，難以赴救，此則聲實俱損也。 今居北方，假令山東有變，我輕騎南下，布濩林薄之間，孰能知其多少！ 百姓望塵懾服，此國家所以威制諸夏也。 來春草生，湩酪將出，兼以菜果，得以秋熟，則事濟矣。」 嗣曰：「今倉廩空竭，既無以待來秋，若來秋又饑，將若之何？」 對曰：「宜簡饑貧之戶，使就谷山東； 若來秋復饑，當更圖之，但方今不可遷都耳。」 嗣悅，曰：「唯二人與朕意同。」 乃簡國人尤貧者詣山東三州就食，遣左部尚書代人周幾帥眾鎮魯口以安集之。 嗣躬耕藉田，且命有司勸課農桑。 明年，大熟，民遂富安。
In Wei, successive years of frost and drought left many people in Yun and Dai dead of starvation. Grand Astrologer Wang Liang and Suyan said to Emperor Si of Wei, 'According to the prognostic texts, Wei should move its capital to Ye, where the realm would enjoy abundance and prosperity.' Si put the question to his ministers. Libationer Cui Hao and Special Advancement Zhou Dan of Jingzhao replied, 'Moving the capital to Ye might ease this year's famine, but it is no lasting solution. The people east of the mountains, seeing the state established in vast steppe lands, believed its population and herds were inexhaustible and called them 'a multitude like cattle hair.' If we leave troops to guard the old capital while families are split up and moved south, they cannot populate the provinces or be scattered through the commanderies and counties. Once the truth is exposed, every quarter of the realm may look on us with contempt; moreover, the people will not adapt to the new climate and soil, and deaths from disease will be heavy. Furthermore, with so few troops left to guard the old capital, Juqu Mengsun and Rouran will be tempted to encroach. If they march in full force, Yunzhong and Pingcheng will be in peril, and with the court cut off from Heng and Dai by a thousand li of difficult terrain, relief will be hard to send. Both our prestige and our substance would suffer. As long as we remain in the north, if trouble arises in Shandong we can send light cavalry south and spread them through forest and thicket—who could tell how many we truly are! When the people see our dust on the horizon, they submit in awe—this is how the state keeps the Chinese realms in check. When grass returns in spring, mare's milk and cheese will be available again, and with vegetables, fruit, and the autumn harvest, the crisis will pass.' Si asked, 'Our granaries are empty. We have nothing to carry us to next autumn. If famine comes again then, what are we to do?' They answered, 'Select the poorest and hungriest households and send them to find grain in Shandong; if famine returns next autumn, we can devise another plan—but for now the capital must not be moved.' Si was pleased and said, 'Only these two share my thinking.' He then selected the poorest of his subjects and sent them to the three Shandong provinces for relief, dispatching Left Department Minister Zhou Ji to garrison Lukou with troops and settle them there. Si personally plowed the sacred field and ordered the officials to promote and supervise farming and sericulture. The following year brought a bumper harvest, and the people grew prosperous and secure.
35
夏赫連建將兵擊秦，執平涼太守姚周都。 遂入新平。 廣平公弼與戰於龍尾堡，禽之。
Helian Jian of Xia led troops against Qin and captured Yao Zhoudu, governor of Pingliang. He then entered Xinping. The Duke of Guangping, Yao Bi, fought him at Longwei Fort and took him captive.
36
秦王興藥動。 廣平公弼稱疾不朝，聚兵於第。 興聞之，怒，收弼黨唐盛、孫玄等殺之。 太子泓請曰：「臣不肖，不能緝諧兄弟，使至於此，皆臣之罪也。 若臣死而國家安，願賜臣死； 若陛下不忍殺臣，乞退就籓。」 興惻然憫之，召姚贊、梁喜、尹昭、斂曼嵬與之謀，囚弼，將殺之，窮治黨與。 泓流涕固請，乃並其黨赦之。 泓待弼如初，無忿恨之色。
King Yao Xing's illness grew worse. The Duke of Guangping, Yao Bi, feigned illness and stayed away from court while gathering troops at his residence. When Xing learned of this he was enraged. He arrested Bi's associates Tang Sheng, Sun Xuan, and others and executed them. Crown Prince Yao Hong pleaded, 'I am unworthy. I failed to keep harmony among my brothers and brought matters to this pass—the fault is mine alone. If my death would bring the state peace, I beg you to grant it; if Your Majesty cannot bring yourself to execute me, I beg leave to withdraw to my fief.' Xing was moved to pity. He summoned Yao Zan, Liang Xi, Yin Zhao, and Qian Manwei to deliberate, imprisoned Bi, and prepared to execute him while pursuing his associates to the end. Hong wept and pleaded insistently, and in the end Bi and his associates were pardoned together. Hong treated Bi exactly as before, with no trace of resentment.
37
魏太史奏：「熒惑在匏瓜中，忽亡不知所在，於法當入危亡之國，先為童謠妖言，然後行其禍罰。」 魏主嗣召名儒十餘人使與太史議熒惑所詣，崔浩對曰：「按《春秋左氏傳》，『神降於莘』，以其至之日推知其物。 庚午之夕，辛未之朝，天有陰雲； 熒惑之亡，當在二日。 庚之與午，皆主於秦； 辛為西夷。 今姚興據長安，熒惑必入秦矣。」 眾皆怒曰：「天上失星，人間安知所詣！」 浩笑而不應。 後八十餘日，熒惑出東井，留守句己，久之乃去。 秦大旱，昆明池竭，童謠訛言，國人不安，間一歲而秦亡。 眾乃服浩之精妙。
The Grand Astrologer of Wei reported, 'Mars was in the Paogua asterism and suddenly vanished without trace. By astrological rule it should enter a state facing ruin, first stirring up children's songs and ominous rumors, then bringing down calamity and punishment.' Emperor Si summoned more than ten eminent scholars to discuss with the Grand Astrologer where Mars was headed. Cui Hao replied, 'The Zuo Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals says, "A spirit descended at Shen"—from the day of its arrival one may infer what it signifies. On the evening of gengwu and the morning of xinwei the sky was overcast; Mars must have vanished on one of those two days. Both geng and wu correspond to Qin; xin corresponds to the western barbarians. Yao Xing now holds Chang'an—Mars must be entering Qin.' The assembly angrily protested, 'When a star vanishes in the heavens, how can men on earth know where it is headed!' Hao smiled and said nothing. More than eighty days later Mars reappeared in Dongjing, lingered at Juji, and only after a long interval moved on. Qin suffered a severe drought, the Kunming Pool ran dry, children's songs and wild rumors spread, and the people grew restless. Within a year Qin fell. The assembly then acknowledged the subtle brilliance of Cui Hao's prediction.
38
冬，十月，壬子，秦王興使散騎常侍姚敞等，送其女西平公主於魏，魏主嗣以後禮納之。 鑄金人不成，乃以為夫人，而寵甚。
In the tenth month of winter, on renzi, King Yao Xing sent Attendant-in-Ordinary Yao Chang and others to escort his daughter, the Princess of Xiping, to Wei. Emperor Si received her with the rites due an empress. Because the casting of the golden statue failed, she was made a consort instead, yet was greatly favored.
39
辛酉，魏主嗣如沮洳城； 癸亥，還平城。 十一月，丁亥，復如豺山宮； 庚子，還。
On xinyou, Emperor Si of Wei traveled to Juru City; on guihai he returned to Pingcheng. In the eleventh month, on dinghai, he again went to the Chai Mountain Palace; on gengzi he returned.
40
西秦王熾磐遣襄武侯曇達等將騎一萬，擊南羌彌姐、康薄於赤水，降之； 以王孟保為略陽太守，鎮赤水。
Qifu Chipan, King of Western Qin, sent the Marquis of Xiangwu, Tanda, and others at the head of ten thousand horsemen to attack the Southern Qiang leaders Mijie and Kangbo at Chishui and accepted their surrender; he appointed Wang Mengbao governor of Lueyang to garrison Chishui.
41
燕尚書令孫護之弟伯仁為昌黎尹，與其弟叱支拔皆有才勇，從燕王跋起兵有功，求開府不得，有怨言，跋皆殺之。 進護開府儀同三司、錄尚書事，以慰其心，護怏怏不悅，跋鴆殺之。 遼東太守務銀提自以有功，出為邊郡，怨望，謀外叛，跋亦殺之。
Boren, younger brother of Sun Hu, Minister of the Masters of Writing of Yan, was magistrate of Changli. He and his younger brother Chizhiba were both talented and brave, had followed King Murong Ba in raising troops with distinction, and sought permission to open a headquarters but were refused. Nursing grievances, they were all put to death by Ba. Sun Hu was promoted to the privilege of opening a headquarters with ceremonial parity of the Three Excellencies and appointed Recorder of the Masters of Writing to appease him, but Hu remained sullen and dissatisfied, and Ba had him poisoned. Wuyinti, governor of Liaodong, felt he deserved better than assignment to a frontier commandery. Nursing resentment, he plotted to defect abroad, and Ba had him killed as well.
42
林邑寇交州，州將擊敗之。
Linyi raided Jiao Province, and the provincial commander repulsed the attack.
43
安皇帝壬義熙十二年（ 丙辰，公元四一六年）
Emperor An, ren year, twelfth year of the Yixi era ( bingchen, AD 416)
44
春，正月，甲申，魏主嗣如豺山宮。 戊子，還平城。
In the first month of spring, on jiashen, Emperor Si of Wei traveled to the Chai Mountain Palace. On wuzi he returned to Pingcheng.
45
加太尉裕兗州刺吏、都督南秦州，凡都督二十二州； 以世子義符為豫州刺史。
Grand Marshal Liu Yu was additionally appointed Governor of Yan Province and Commander-in-Chief of Southern Qin Province, with authority over twenty-two provinces in all; his heir Liu Yifu was appointed Governor of Yu Province.
46
秦王興使魯宗之將兵寇襄陽，未至而卒。 其子軌引兵入寇，雍州刺史趙倫之擊敗之。
King Yao Xing sent Lu Zongzhi to raid Xiangyang with an army, but Zongzhi died before he arrived. His son Gui led troops across the border to raid, and Zhao Lunzhi, Governor of Yong Province, defeated him.
47
西秦王熾磐攻秦洮陽公彭利和於漒川，沮渠蒙遜攻石泉以救之。 熾磐至沓中，引還。 二月，熾磐遣襄武侯曇達救石泉，蒙遜亦引去。 蒙遜遂與熾磐結和親。
Qifu Chipan, King of Western Qin, attacked Peng Lihe, Duke of Taoyang of Qin, at Qiangchuan; Juqu Mengsun attacked Shiquan to relieve him. Chipan reached Tazhong and withdrew. In the second month Chipan sent the Marquis of Xiangwu, Tanda, to relieve Shiquan, and Mengsun withdrew as well. Mengsun then sealed a marriage alliance with Chipan.
48
秦王興如華陰，使太子泓監國，入居西宮。 興疾篤，還長安，黃門侍郎尹沖謀因泓出迎而殺之。 興至，泓將出迎，宮臣諫曰：「主上疾篤，奸臣在側，殿下今出，進不得見主上，退有不測之禍。」 泓曰：「臣子聞君父疾篤而端居不出，何以自安！」 對曰：「全身以安社稷，孝之大者也。」 泓乃止。 尚書姚沙彌謂尹沖曰； 「太子不出迎，宜奉乘輿幸廣平公第； 宿衛將士聞乘輿所在，自當來集，太子誰與守乎！ 且吾屬以廣平公之故，已陷名逆節，將何所自容！ 今奉乘輿以舉事，乃杖大順，不惟救廣平之禍，吾屬前罪亦盡雪矣。」 沖以興死生未可知，欲隨興入宮作亂，不用沙彌之言。
King Yao Xing traveled to Huayin, left Crown Prince Yao Hong to govern the state, and took up residence in the Western Palace. When Xing's illness grew critical and he returned to Chang'an, Yellow Gate Attendant Yin Chong plotted to kill Hong when the crown prince came out to welcome him. When Xing arrived, Hong was about to go out to welcome him. Palace officials remonstrated, 'The sovereign's illness is grave and treacherous ministers stand at his side. If Your Highness goes out now, you may not reach your father—and on your return you may meet disaster.' Hong replied, 'As son and subject, how can I sit at ease at home when I hear that my lord and father is gravely ill!' They answered, 'Preserving yourself to secure the state is the highest form of filial piety.' Hong then stayed where he was. Yao Shami, Minister of the Masters of Writing, said to Yin Chong: 'The crown prince has not come out to welcome him. The imperial carriage should be taken to the residence of the Duke of Guangping; Once the palace guards learn where the imperial carriage is, they will rally of their own accord—who will remain with the crown prince to hold the palace! Moreover, because of the Duke of Guangping we have already been branded traitors—where could we possibly find a footing now! If we now take the imperial carriage and act in its name, we will be standing on the highest lawful ground—not only saving the Duke of Guangping, but clearing all our past guilt as well. Yin Chong, uncertain whether Yao Xing would live or die, wanted to follow him into the palace and launch a coup; he rejected Yao Shami's advice."
49
興入宮，命太子泓錄尚書事，東平公紹及右衛將軍胡翼度典兵禁中，防制內外。 遣殿中上將軍斂曼嵬收弼等中甲仗，內之武庫。
Yao Xing entered the palace, appointed Crown Prince Yao Hong recorder of the Masters of Writing, and put the Duke of Dongping, Yao Shao, and Right Guard General Hu Yidu in charge of troops in the inner precinct to secure the palace and its approaches. He sent Palace Attendant Senior General Lian Manwei to seize the arms and armor of Yao Bi and his associates within the palace and deposit them in the arsenal.
50
興疾轉篤，其妹南安長公主問疾，不應。 幼子耕兒出，告其兄南陽公愔曰：「上已崩矣，宜速決計！」 愔即與尹沖帥甲士攻端門，斂曼嵬，胡翼度等勒兵閉門拒戰。 愔等遣壯士登門，緣屋而入，及於馬道。 泓侍疾在咨議堂，太子右衛率姚和都帥東宮兵入屯馬道南。 愔等不得進，遂燒端門。 興力疾臨前殿，賜弼死。 禁兵見興，喜躍，爭進赴賊，賊眾驚擾，和都以東宮兵自後擊之愔等大敗。 愔逃於驪山，其黨建康公呂隆奔雍，尹沖及弟泓來奔。 興引東平公紹及妙贊、梁喜、尹昭、斂曼嵬入內寢，受遺詔輔政。 明日，興卒。 泓秘不發喪，捕南陽公愔及呂隆、大將軍尹元等，皆誅之。 乃發喪，即皇帝位，大赦，改元永和。 泓命齊公恢殺安定太守呂超，恢猶豫久之，乃殺之。 泓疑恢有貳心，恢由是懼，陰聚兵謀作亂。 泓葬興於偶陵，謚曰文桓皇帝，廟號高祖。
As Yao Xing's illness worsened, his younger sister, the Princess of Nan'an the Greater, came to inquire after him, but he gave no answer. His youngest son Geng'er came out and told his elder brother, the Duke of Nanyang, Yao Yin, 'The sovereign is already dead—you must act at once!' Yao Yin at once joined Yin Chong and led armored men in an assault on the Duan Gate. Lian Manwei, Hu Yidu, and others mustered troops, shut the gates, and fought them off. Yin and his men sent warriors up onto the gate, then along the rooftops until they reached the horse ramp. Yao Hong was attending his father in the Consultation Hall when Yao He Du, Right Guard Leader of the Eastern Palace, led crown prince's troops in and encamped south of the horse ramp. Unable to break through, Yin and his party set fire to the Duan Gate. Summoning his last strength, Yao Xing appeared in the front hall and ordered Yao Bi to take his own life. The palace guards, seeing Yao Xing, erupted in joy and surged forward against the rebels. The rebel force panicked, and He Du struck Yin and his men from the rear with Eastern Palace troops—they were routed utterly. Yao Yin fled to Mount Li; his ally the Duke of Jiankang, Lü Long, fled to Yong; Yin Chong and his younger brother Yao Hong surrendered. Yao Xing summoned the Duke of Dongping, Yao Shao, together with Miao Zan, Liang Xi, Yin Zhao, and Lian Manwei to his bedside and entrusted them with a deathbed edict to govern as regents. The next day Yao Xing died. Yao Hong concealed the death and withheld the mourning announcement, then arrested the Duke of Nanyang, Yao Yin, Lü Long, Grand General Yin Yuan, and others—all were executed. Only then did he announce the mourning, ascend the throne, proclaim a general amnesty, and change the era name to Yonghe. Yao Hong ordered the Duke of Qi, Yao Hui, to kill Lü Chao, administrator of Anding; Hui hesitated for a long while before carrying out the order. Yao Hong suspected Yao Hui of disloyalty; Hui, alarmed, secretly gathered troops and plotted rebellion. Yao Hong buried Yao Xing at Ouling, posthumously titled him Emperor Wenhuang, and gave him the temple name Gaozu.
51
初，興徙李平羌三千戶於安定。 興卒。 羌酋黨容叛，泓遣撫軍將軍姚贊討降之，徙其酋豪於長安，餘遣還李閏，北地太守毛雍據趙氏塢以叛，東平公紹討禽之。 時姚宣鎮李閏，參軍韋宗聞毛雍叛，說宣曰：「主上新立，威德未著，國家之難，未可量也，殿下不可不為深慮。 邢望險要，宜徙據之，此霸王之資也。」 宣從之，帥戶三萬八千，棄李閏，南保邢望。 諸羌據李閏以叛，東平公紹進討破之。 宣詣紹歸罪，紹殺之。
Earlier, Yao Xing had relocated three thousand Liping Qiang households to Anding. Yao Xing died. The Qiang chieftain Dang Rong rebelled. Yao Hong sent Pacifying Army General Yao Zan to subdue him, relocated the tribal leaders to Chang'an, and sent the rest back to Li Run. Mao Yong, administrator of Beidi, seized Zhao's Stockade and rose in revolt; the Duke of Dongping, Yao Shao, attacked and captured him. At that time Yao Xuan held Li Run. When staff officer Wei Zong heard of Mao Yong's rebellion, he urged Xuan, 'The new sovereign's authority is not yet established and the realm's troubles are incalculable. Your Highness must think carefully about what lies ahead. Xingwang is a strong strategic position. You should relocate there—it would be the foundation for empire.' Xuan took his advice, leading thirty-eight thousand households away from Li Run to fortify Xingwang in the south. Various Qiang bands seized Li Run and rebelled; the Duke of Dongping, Yao Shao, marched against them and broke their resistance. Yao Xuan went to Yao Shao to surrender and accept punishment; Shao had him executed.
52
二月，加太尉裕中外大都督。 裕戒嚴將伐秦。 詔加裕領司、豫二州刺史，以其世子義符為徐、兗二州刺史。 琅邪王德文請啟行戌路，修敬山陵； 詔許之。
In the second month Grand Commandant Liu Yu was additionally invested as supreme commander over all military affairs at home and abroad. Liu Yu put the army on alert and prepared to march against Later Qin. An imperial edict additionally appointed Liu Yu concurrent governor of Si and Yu provinces and made his heir Liu Yifu governor of Xu and Yan. Sima Dewen, Prince of Langye, asked leave to travel the garrison route and pay respects at the imperial tombs; an edict granted his request.
53
夏，四月，壬子，魏大赦，改元泰常。
In summer, in the fourth month, on the day renzi, Northern Wei proclaimed a general amnesty and changed the era name to Taichang.
54
西秦襄武候曇達等擊秦秦州刺史姚艾於上邽，破之，徙其民五千餘戶於枹罕。
Tanda, Marquis of Xiangwu of Western Qin, attacked Yao Ai, governor of Qin province for Later Qin, at Shanggui, routed him, and relocated more than five thousand households to Fuhan.
55
五月，癸巳，加太尉裕領北雍州刺史。
In the fifth month, on the day guisi, Grand Commandant Liu Yu was additionally appointed governor of North Yong province.
56
六月，丁巳，魏主嗣北巡。
In the sixth month, on the day dingsi, the Wei emperor Tuoba Si toured the northern frontier.
57
并州胡數萬落叛秦，入於平陽，推匈奴曹弘為大單于，攻立義將軍姚成都於匈奴堡。 征東將軍姚懿自蒲阪討之，執弘，送長安，徙其豪右萬五千落於雍州。
Tens of thousands of Xianbei households in Bing province rebelled against Later Qin, entered Pingyang, and proclaimed the Xiongnu Cao Hong Grand Chanyu; they besieged General Who Establishes Righteousness Yao Chengdu at the Xiongnu Fort. Eastern Campaign General Yao Yi marched from Puban against them, captured Cao Hong, sent him to Chang'an, and relocated fifteen thousand leading households to Yong province.
58
氐王楊盛攻秦祁山，拔之，進逼秦州。 秦後將軍姚平救之，盛引兵退； 平與上邽守將姚嵩追之。 夏王勃勃帥騎四萬襲上邽，未至，嵩與盛戰於竹嶺，敗死。 勃勃攻上邽二旬，克之，殺秦州刺史姚軍都及將士五千餘人，因毀其城。 進攻陰密，又殺秦將姚良子及將士萬餘人； 以其子昌為雍州刺史，鎮陰密。 征北將軍姚恢棄安定，奔還長安，安定人胡儼等帥戶五萬據城降於夏。 勃勃使鎮東將軍羊苟兒將鮮卑五千鎮安定，進攻秦鎮西將軍姚諶於雍城，諶委鎮奔長安。 勃勃據雍，進掠郿城。 秦東平公紹及征虜將軍尹昭等將步騎五萬擊之，勃勃退趨安定，胡儼閉門拒之，殺羊苟兒及所將鮮卑，復以安定降秦。 紹進擊勃勃於馬鞍阪，破之，追至朝那，不及而還。 勃勃歸杏城。 楊盛復遣兄子倦擊秦，至陳倉，秦斂曼嵬擊卻之。 夏王勃勃復遣兄提南侵洩陽，秦車騎將軍姚裕等擊卻之。
Yang Sheng, king of the Di, attacked Qishan in Later Qin territory, captured it, and pressed toward Qin province. Later Qin's Rear General Yao Ping came to the rescue, and Yang Sheng withdrew; Yao Ping and Yao Song, the garrison commander at Shanggui, pursued him. Helian Bobo, king of Xia, led forty thousand cavalry in a surprise attack on Shanggui. Before he arrived, Yao Song fought Yang Sheng at Zhuling and was defeated and killed. Bobo besieged Shanggui for twenty days, took it, killed Yao Jundu, governor of Qin province, along with more than five thousand officers and men, and razed the city. He pressed on to Yinmi, killing the Later Qin general Yao Liangzi and more than ten thousand troops; he appointed his son Chang governor of Yong province and stationed him at Yinmi. Northern Campaign General Yao Hui abandoned Anding and fled to Chang'an; Hu Yan and other local leaders, with fifty thousand households, held the city and surrendered to Xia. Bobo sent Eastern Garrison General Yang Gou'er with five thousand Xianbei to hold Anding, then attacked Western Garrison General Yao Chen at Yongcheng; Chen abandoned his post and fled to Chang'an. Bobo seized Yong and pushed forward to raid Meicheng. The Duke of Dongping, Yao Shao, and Captive-Pacifying General Yin Zhao led fifty thousand foot and horse against him. Bobo fell back toward Anding, but Hu Yan shut the gates against him, killed Yang Gou'er and his Xianbei force, and surrendered Anding once more to Later Qin. Shao attacked Bobo at Ma'an Slope, routed him, and pursued as far as Chaona before turning back without catching him. Bobo withdrew to Xingcheng. Yang Sheng again sent his nephew Juan against Later Qin; when he reached Chencang, Lian Manwei drove him back. Helian Bobo again sent his elder brother Ti south against Xieyang; Chariots and Cavalry General Yao Yu and others beat him back.
59
涼司馬索承明上書勸涼公暠伐河西王蒙遜，暠引見，謂之曰：「蒙遜為百姓患，孤豈忘之？ 顧勢力未能除耳。 卿有必禽之策，當為孤陳之； 直唱大言，使孤東討，此與言『石虎小豎，宜肆諸市朝』者何異！」 承明慚懼而退。
Suo Chengming, marshal of Liang, submitted a memorial urging Li Gao, Duke of Liang, to attack Mengsun, king of Hexi. Gao received him and said, 'Mengsun is a plague on the people—do you think I have forgotten that? I simply lack the strength to remove him yet. If you have a plan that will surely bring him down, lay it out for me; but to talk big and tell me to march east—that is no different from saying 'Shi Hu is a petty upstart who ought to be torn apart in the marketplace'!' Chengming withdrew in shame and alarm.
60
秋，七月，魏主嗣大獵於牛川，臨殷繁水而還。 戊戌，至平城。
In autumn, in the seventh month, the Wei emperor Tuoba Si held a great hunt at Niuchuan, reached the Yinfan River, and returned. On the day wuxu he reached Pingcheng.
61
八月，丙午，大赦。
In the eighth month, on the day bingwu, a general amnesty was proclaimed.
62
寧州獻琥珀枕於太尉裕。 裕以琥珀治金創，得之大喜，命碎搗分賜北征將士。
Ning province presented an amber pillow to Grand Commandant Liu Yu. Knowing that amber was used to treat metal wounds, Liu Yu was delighted and ordered it ground up and distributed among the troops on the northern expedition.
63
裕以世子義符為中軍將軍，監太尉留府事。 劉穆之為左僕射，領監軍、中軍二府軍司，入居東府，總攝內外。 以太尉左司馬東海徐羨之為穆之之副，左將軍朱齡石守衛殿省，徐州刺史劉懷慎守衛京師，揚州別駕從事史張裕任留州事。 懷慎，懷敬之弟也。
Liu Yu appointed his heir Liu Yifu Central Army General to oversee affairs at the headquarters he was leaving behind. Liu Muzhi was made Left Vice Director and concurrently army secretary of the Supervisory Army and Central Army headquarters; he moved into the Eastern Headquarters and took overall charge of internal and external affairs. He made Grand Commandant Left Army Major Xu Xianzhi of Donghai Liu Muzhi's deputy, Left General Zhu Lingshi guardian of the palace precinct, Xu Province Inspector Liu Huaishan guardian of the capital, and Yang Province Assistant Administrator Zhang Yu administrator of affairs left behind in the province. Liu Huaishan was the younger brother of Liu Huaijing.
64
劉穆之內總朝政，外供軍旅，決斷如流，事無擁滯。 賓客輻湊，求訴百端，內外咨稟，盈階滿室； 目鑒辭訟，手答箋書，耳行聽受，口並酬應，不相參涉，悉皆贍舉。 又喜賓客，言談賞笑，彌日無倦。 裁有閒暇，手自寫書，尋鑒校定。 性奢豪，食必方丈，旦輒為十人饌，未嘗獨餐。 嘗白裕曰：「穆之家本貧賤，贍生多闕。 自叨忝以來，雖每存約損，而朝夕所須，微為過豐。 自此外，一毫不以負公。」 中軍咨議參軍張邵言於裕曰：「人生危脆，必當遠慮。 穆之若邂逅不幸，誰可代之？ 尊業如此。 苟有不諱，處分雲何？」 裕曰：「此自委穆之及卿耳。」
Liu Muzhi directed court affairs at home and supplied the armies abroad; decisions flowed from him without delay or backlog. Clients and petitioners crowded in from every direction; consultations and appeals from within and without filled the steps and packed the hall; his eyes judged lawsuits, his hands answered correspondence, his ears took in reports, and his mouth replied—all at once, without confusion, and nothing was left unattended. He also loved company, talking and laughing with guests from morning to night without tiring. In whatever spare moments he had, he copied books by hand and collated them himself. Extravagant by nature, he never ate alone: every meal filled a square zhang of table, and each morning he had food laid for ten. He once told Liu Yu, 'My family was poor and humble, and I often lacked the means to live. Since receiving office I have tried to restrain myself, yet what I require day to day is still somewhat lavish. Beyond that, I have not taken so much as a hair's breadth from the public purse.' Central Army Advisory Staff Officer Zhang Shao said to Liu Yu, 'Life is fragile; one must plan for the long term. If Liu Muzhi should meet with sudden misfortune, who could replace him? Your great enterprise hangs on this. If the worst should happen, what arrangements have you made?' Liu Yu replied, 'That I leave to Liu Muzhi and to you.'
65
丁巳，裕發建康，遣龍驤將軍王鎮惡、冠軍將軍檀道濟將步軍自淮、淝向許、洛，新野太守朱超石、寧朔將軍胡籓趨陽城，振武將軍沈田子、建威將軍傅弘之趨武關，建武將軍沈林子、彭城內史劉遵考將水軍出石門，自汴入河，以冀州刺史五仲德督前鋒諸軍，開巨野入河。 遵考，裕之族弟也。 劉穆之謂王鎮惡曰：「公今委卿以伐秦之任，卿其勉之！」 鎮惡曰：「吾不克關中，誓不復濟江！」
On the day dingsi Liu Yu departed Jiankang. He sent Dragon Cavalry General Wang Zhen'e and General Who Wins the Championship Tan Daoji with infantry from the Huai and Fei toward Xu and Luoyang; Xinye Administrator Zhu Chaoshi and General Who Pacifies the North Hu Fan toward Yangcheng; General Who Quells Martial Might Shen Tianzi and General Who Establishes Might Fu Hongzhi toward Wuguan; General Who Establishes Martial Might Shen Linzi and Pengcheng Interior Secretary Liu Zunkao with the fleet out from Shimen into the Yellow River via the Bian; and Wang Zhongde, governor of Ji province, to command the vanguard and open the route through Juye into the river. Liu Zunkao was Liu Yu's clansman younger cousin. Liu Muzhi said to Wang Zhen'e, 'The lord now entrusts you with the conquest of Qin—give it your all!' Wang Zhen'e replied, 'If I do not take Guanzhong, I swear never to cross the Yangzi again!'
66
裕既行，青州刺史檀祗自廣陵輒帥眾至塗中掩討亡命。 劉穆之恐祗為變，議欲遣軍。 時檀韶為江州刺史，張邵曰：「今韶據中流，道濟為軍首，若有相疑之跡，則大府立危，不如逆遣慰勞以觀其意，必無患也。」 穆之乃止。
After Liu Yu had departed, Tan Zhi, inspector of Qing province, on his own authority led troops from Guangling to Tuzhong to hunt down fugitives. Liu Muzhi feared Tan Zhi might rebel and discussed dispatching troops against him. At that time Tan Shao was governor of Jiang province. Zhang Shao said, 'Shao holds the middle Yangzi and Daoji commands the army. Any sign of mutual suspicion would put the headquarters in immediate peril. Better to send envoys ahead with words of reassurance and watch his intentions—there will be no trouble.' Liu Muzhi dropped the idea.
67
初，魏主嗣使公孫表討白亞栗斯，曰：「必先與秦洛陽戍將相聞，使備河南岸，然後擊之。」 表未至，胡人廢白亞栗斯，更立劉虎為率善王。 表以胡人內自攜貳，勢必敗散，遂不告秦將而擊之，大為虎所敗，士卒死傷甚眾。
Earlier the Wei emperor Tuoba Si sent Gongsun Biao against Bai Yalisi with orders, 'You must first notify the Later Qin garrison commander at Luoyang and have him ready the south bank of the Yellow River—only then strike.' Before Biao arrived, the tribes deposed Bai Yalisi and installed Liu Hu as King Who Leads in Goodness. Biao judged that internal divisions among the tribes would doom them to collapse, so he attacked without notifying the Later Qin commander. Liu Hu routed him badly, with heavy casualties.
68
嗣謀於群臣曰：「胡叛逾年，討之不克，其眾繁多，為患日深。 今盛秋不可復發兵，妨民農務，將若之何？」 白馬侯崔宏曰：「胡眾雖多，無健將御之，終不能成大患。 表等諸軍，不為不足，但法令不整，處分失宜，以致敗耳。 得大將素有威望者將數百騎往攝表軍，無不克矣。 相州刺史叔孫建前在并州，為胡、魏所畏服，諸將莫及，可遣也。」 嗣從之，以建為中領軍，督表等討虎。 九月，戊午，大破之，斬首萬餘級，虎及司馬順宰皆死，俘其眾十萬餘口。
Tuoba Si consulted his ministers, saying, 'The Hu rebellion has dragged on for more than a year. We cannot suppress it, their numbers are vast, and the threat grows worse by the day. It is high autumn and we cannot mobilize again without disrupting the harvest—what are we to do? The Marquis of Baima, Cui Hong, said, 'The Hu are many, but without a capable commander they can never become a serious threat. Biao's forces are ample enough; the problem is undisciplined command and poor decisions, which is why they were defeated. Send a seasoned general of established renown with a few hundred horsemen to take charge of Biao's troops, and success is assured. Shusun Jian, Governor of Xiang Province, once served in Bing Province and was feared by both the tribes and our own forces alike; no general compares—he is the man to send.' Tuoba Si agreed and made Shusun Jian Central Palace Guard General, putting him in command of Biao and the other generals against Liu Hu. In the ninth month, on wuwu, he routed the rebels utterly, taking more than ten thousand heads. Liu Hu and Sima Shunzai were both killed, and over one hundred thousand of their followers were captured."
69
太尉裕至彭城，加領徐州刺史； 以太原王玄謨為從事史。
Grand Marshal Liu Yu reached Pengcheng and was given the additional post of Governor of Xu Province; he appointed Wang Xuannuo of Taiyuan as a staff officer.
70
初，王廞之敗也，沙門曇永匿其幼子華，使提衣襆自隨，津邏疑之。 曇永呵華曰：「奴子何不速行！」 棰之數十，由是得免； 遇赦，還吳。 以其父存亡不測，布蔬食，絕交遊不仕，十餘年。 裕聞華賢，欲用之，乃發廞喪，使華制服。 服闋，闢為徐州主簿。
Earlier, after Wang Mi's defeat, the monk Tan Yong concealed Mi's young son Hua, having the boy carry bundles of clothing as they traveled. Ferry guards grew suspicious. Tan Yong scolded Hua: "You worthless brat—why aren't you moving faster! He thrashed him dozens of times. The ruse worked and they got away; after an amnesty was proclaimed, Hua returned to Wu. With his father's fate unknown, he lived in coarse dress on a vegetarian diet, withdrew from society, and refused office for more than ten years. Liu Yu, hearing of Hua's talent, wished to employ him. He had Mi's death formally announced and had Hua enter mourning. When the mourning period ended, Hua was appointed Chief Clerk of Xu Province.
71
王鎮惡、檀道濟入秦境，所向皆捷。 秦將王苟生以漆丘降鎮惡，徐州刺史姚掌以項城降道濟，諸屯守皆望風款附。 惟新蔡太守董遵不下，道濟攻拔其城，執遵，殺之。 進克許昌，獲秦穎川太守姚垣及大將楊業。 沈林子自汴入河，襄邑人董神虎聚眾千餘人來降。 太尉裕版為參軍。 林子與神虎共攻倉垣，克之，秦兗州刺史韋華降。 神虎擅還襄邑，林子殺之。
Wang Zhen'e and Tan Daoji crossed into Later Qin territory and met success wherever they marched. The Later Qin general Wang Gousheng surrendered Qiqiu to Wang Zhen'e; Yao Zhang, Governor of Xu Province, surrendered Xiangcheng to Tan Daoji; garrison after garrison submitted without a fight. Only Dong Zun, Administrator of Xincai, held out. Tan Daoji stormed the city, captured him, and executed him. They pressed on to capture Xuchang, taking Yao Yuan, Governor of Yingchuan, and the great general Yang Ye. Shen Linzi entered the Yellow River from the Bian Canal. Dong Shenhu of Xiangyi rallied more than a thousand men and surrendered. Grand Marshal Liu Yu provisionally appointed him a staff officer. Linzi and Shenhu jointly attacked Cangyuan and took it. Wei Hua, Governor of Yan Province, surrendered. Shenhu withdrew to Xiangyi on his own authority. Linzi had him executed.
72
秦東平公紹言於秦主泓曰：「晉兵已過許昌，安定孤遠，難以救衛，宜遷其鎮戶，內實京畿，可得精兵十萬，雖晉、夏交侵，猶不亡國。 不然，晉攻豫州，夏攻安定，將若之何？ 事機已至，宜在速決。」 左僕射梁喜曰：「劉公恢有威名，為嶺北所憚，鎮人已與勃勃深仇，理應守死無貳。 勃勃終不能越安定遠寇京畿； 若無安定，虜馬必至於郿。 今關中兵足以拒晉，無為豫自損削也。」 泓從之。 吏部郎懿橫密言於泓曰：「恢於廣平之難，有忠勳於畢下。 自陛下龍飛紹統，未有殊賞為答其意。 今外則致之死地，內則不豫朝權，安定人自以孤危逼寇，思南遷者十室而九，若恢擁精兵數萬，鼓行而向京師，得不為社稷之累乎！ 宜征還朝廷以慰其心。」 泓曰、「恢若懷不逞之心，征之適所以速禍耳。」 又不從。
Yao Shao, Duke of Dongping, said to the Later Qin emperor Yao Hong: "The Jin army has already passed Xuchang. Anding is isolated and far away and cannot be saved. We should relocate its garrison households to strengthen the capital region and raise a hundred thousand elite troops. Even if Jin and Xia attack together, the state need not fall. Otherwise Jin will strike Yu Province while Xia strikes Anding—what then? The moment demands a swift decision." Left Vice Director Liang Xi replied: "Liu Hui enjoys great prestige and is feared north of the Qinling range. The garrison people are sworn enemies of Helian Bobo and will hold Anding to the death. Bobo cannot bypass Anding to threaten the capital from afar; without Anding as a shield, enemy horsemen will reach as far as Mei. The forces in Guanzhong are enough to hold Jin at bay. We should not weaken ourselves needlessly." Yao Hong accepted this advice. Yi Heng, a director in the Ministry of Civil Service, privately told Yao Hong: "At the crisis of Guangping, Liu Hui rendered loyal service to Your Majesty. Since Your Majesty's accession, he has received no special reward commensurate with that service. Now he is left exposed to the enemy abroad while denied influence at court. The people of Anding feel isolated and imperiled; nine households in ten dream of fleeing south. If Liu Hui holds tens of thousands of elite troops and marches on the capital, will he not become a grave threat to the throne? He should be recalled to court to reassure him." Yao Hong said, "If Liu Hui already harbors rebellious intent, recalling him would only hasten disaster." He refused this advice as well.
73
王仲德水軍入河，將逼滑台。 魏兗州刺史尉建畏懦，帥眾棄城，北渡河。 仲德入滑台，宣言曰：「晉本欲以布帛七萬匹假道於魏，不謂魏之守將棄城遽去。」 魏主嗣聞之，遣叔孫建、公孫表自河內向枋頭，因引兵濟河，斬尉建於城下，投屍於河。 呼仲德軍人，問以侵寇之狀。 仲德使司馬竺和之對曰：「劉太尉使王征虜自河入洛，清掃山陵，非敢為寇於魏也。 魏之守將自棄滑台去，王征虜借空城以息兵，行當西引，於晉、魏之好無廢也，何必揚旗鳴鼓以曜威乎！」 嗣使建以問太尉裕，裕遜辭謝之曰：「洛陽，晉之舊都，而羌據之； 晉欲修復山陵久矣。 諸醒宗族，司馬休之、國璠兄弟，魯宗之父子，皆晉之蠹也，而羌收之以為晉患。 今晉將伐之，欲假道於魏，非敢為不利也。」 魏河內鎮將於栗磾有勇名，築壘於河上以備侵軼。 裕以書與之，題曰「黑槊公麾下」。 栗磾好操黑槊以自標，故裕以此目之。 魏因拜栗磾為黑槊將軍。
Wang Zhongde's fleet entered the Yellow River and advanced toward Huatai. Wei Jian, Governor of Yan Province for Wei, lost his nerve, abandoned the city with his troops, and fled north across the river. Wang Zhongde entered Huatai and announced: "Jin originally meant to pass through Wei with seventy thousand bolts of cloth and silk as payment. We never expected Wei's garrison commander to flee the city in such haste." When Tuoba Si heard of this, he sent Shusun Jian and Gongsun Biao from Henei toward Fangtou, crossed the river with their troops, beheaded Wei Jian beneath the walls, and threw his body into the river. He summoned soldiers from Wang Zhongde's force and questioned them about the incursion. Wang Zhongde had his staff officer Zhu Hezhi reply: "Grand Marshal Liu sent General Wang to enter Luoyang by river to restore the imperial tombs. We have no intention of raiding Wei. Wei's commander abandoned Huatai of his own accord. General Wang merely occupied the empty city to rest his men and will soon withdraw westward. This in no way breaks the friendship between Jin and Wei—why raise banners and beat drums in a show of force?" Tuoba Si had Shusun Jian put the question to Grand Marshal Liu Yu. Liu Yu replied with elaborate courtesy: "Luoyang is Jin's ancient capital, yet the Qiang hold it; Jin has long wished to restore the imperial tombs there. The Huan clansmen—Sima Xiuzhi, the brothers Guofan, Lu Zongzhi and his son—are all parasites upon Jin, yet the Qiang have sheltered them and turned them into scourges against us. Jin is now marching to punish them and merely seeks passage through Wei. We mean Wei no harm." Yu Libo, Wei's garrison commander at Henei, was famed for his courage. He built fortifications along the river to guard against incursions. Liu Yu wrote to him, addressing the letter "To the camp of the Lord of the Black Spear." Yu Libo was fond of carrying a black spear as his personal emblem, and Liu Yu addressed him accordingly. Wei thereupon created Yu Libo General of the Black Spear.
74
冬，十月，壬戌，魏主嗣如豺山宮。
In winter, the tenth month, on renxu, the Wei emperor Tuoba Si went to the Chai Mountain Palace.
75
初，燕將庫辱官斌降魏，既而復叛歸燕。 魏主嗣遣驍騎將軍延普渡濡水擊斌，斬之； 遂攻燕幽州刺史辱官昌、征北將軍庫辱官提，皆斬之。
Earlier, the Yan general Kuruguan Bin had surrendered to Wei, then rebelled and returned to Yan. Tuoba Si sent Swift Cavalry General Yan Pu across the Ru River to attack Bin and beheaded him; then attacked Ruguan Chang, Governor of You Province, and Kuruguan Ti, General Who Pacifies the North, and beheaded them both.
76
秦陽城、滎陽二城皆降，晉兵進至成皋。 秦征南將軍陳留公洸鎮洛陽，遣使求救於長安。 秦主泓遣越騎校尉閻生帥騎三千救之，武衛將軍姚益男將步卒一萬助守洛陽，又遣并州牧姚懿南屯陝津，為之聲援。 寧朔將軍趙玄言於洸曰：「今晉寇益深，人情駭動，眾寡不敵，若出戰不捷，則大事去矣。 宜攝諸戍之兵，固守金墉，以待西師之救。 金墉不下，晉必不敢越我而西，是我不戰而坐收其弊也。」 司馬姚禹陰與檀道濟通，主簿閻恢、楊虔，皆禹之黨也，共嫉玄，言於洸曰：「殿下以英武之略，受任方面； 今嬰城示弱，得無為朝廷所責乎！」 洸以為然，乃遣趙玄將兵千餘南守柏谷塢，廣武將軍石無諱東戍鞏城。 玄泣謂洸曰：「玄受三帝重恩，所守正有死耳。 但明公不用忠臣之言，為奸人所誤，後必悔之。」 既而成皋、虎牢皆來降，檀道濟等長驅而進，無諱至石關，奔還。 龍驤司馬滎陽毛德祖與玄戰於柏谷，玄兵敗，被十餘創，據地大呼。 玄司馬蹇鑒冒刃抱玄而泣，玄曰：「吾創已重，君宜速去！」 鑒曰：「將軍不濟，鑒去安之！」 與之皆死。 姚禹逾城奔道濟，甲子，道濟進逼洛陽。 丙寅，洸出降。 道濟獲秦人四千餘人，議者欲盡坑之以為京觀。 道濟曰：「伐罪弔民，正在今日！」 皆釋而遣之。 於是夷、夏感悅，歸之者甚眾。 閻生、姚益男未至，聞洛陽已沒，不敢進。
The Later Qin cities of Yangcheng and Xingyang both surrendered, and the Jin army advanced to Chenggao. Yao Guang, Duke of Chenliu and General Who Conquers the South, held Luoyang and sent envoys to Chang'an begging for relief. Yao Hong sent Commandant of Swift Cavalry Yan Sheng with three thousand horsemen to the rescue, Martial Guard General Yao Yinan with ten thousand infantry to reinforce Luoyang, and Governor of Bing Province Yao Yi to encamp south at Shanjin as a supporting force. General Who Pacifies the North Zhao Xuan said to Yao Guang: "The Jin invasion grows deeper by the day, morale is shaken, and we are outnumbered. If we take the field and lose, all is lost. We should concentrate the garrison troops and hold the Jinyong fortress until relief arrives from the west. As long as Jinyong holds, Jin will not dare march past us toward the west. We can wear them down without giving battle." Staff officer Yao Yu was secretly in contact with Tan Daoji. Chief clerks Yan Hui and Yang Qian, all Yu's allies, envied Zhao Xuan and said to Yao Guang: "Your Highness, appointed to command a frontier province with your renowned martial prowess, would you now shut yourself in the city and show weakness? Will the court not hold you accountable?" Yao Guang agreed. He sent Zhao Xuan with more than a thousand men south to hold the Bo Valley stockade and General of Broad Might Shi Wuhui east to garrison Gongcheng. Zhao Xuan wept and told Yao Guang: "I have received great favor from three emperors. In holding this post I can do no less than die. But my lord has rejected a loyal minister's counsel and let himself be misled by villains. You will regret this." Soon Chenggao and Hulao surrendered. Tan Daoji and the others marched unopposed. Shi Wuhui reached Shiguan and fled back. Dragon Cavalry staff officer Mao Dezu of Xingyang fought Zhao Xuan at Bo Valley. Xuan's force was routed. Wounded more than ten times, he braced himself on the ground and cried out. Xuan's aide Jian Jian rushed through the blades, embraced him, and wept. Xuan said: "My wounds are mortal. You must leave at once!" Jian replied: "If you do not survive, sir, where can I go?" Both died together. Yao Yu climbed over the wall and fled to Tan Daoji. On jiazi, Tan Daoji pressed on toward Luoyang. On bingyin, Yao Guang surrendered. Tan Daoji took more than four thousand Later Qin soldiers captive. Some urged executing them all to erect a victory mound. Tan Daoji said: "We march to punish the guilty and succor the people—that purpose is fulfilled today!" He released them all. Barbarians and Chinese alike were deeply moved, and multitudes came over to Jin. Yan Sheng and Yao Yinan had not yet arrived. Learning that Luoyang had fallen, they dared not advance.
77
己丑，詔遣兼司空高密王恢之修謁五陵，置守衛。 太尉裕以冠軍將軍毛修之為河南、河內二郡太守，行司州事，戍洛陽。
On jichou, an edict dispatched Concurrent Minister of Works Hui Zhi, Prince of Gaomi, to restore and visit the five imperial tombs and post guards. Grand Marshal Liu Yu appointed Champion General Mao Xiuzhi Administrator of Henan and Henei, acting Governor of Si Province, to garrison Luoyang.
78
西秦王熾磐使秦州刺史王松壽鎮馬頭，以逼秦之上邽。
Qifu Chipan, king of Western Qin, posted Wang Songshou, Governor of Qin Province, at Matou to threaten Later Qin's Shanggui.
79
十一月，甲戌，魏主嗣還平城。
In the eleventh month, on jiaxu, the Wei emperor Tuoba Si returned to Pingcheng.
80
太尉裕遣左長史王弘還建康，諷朝廷求九錫。 時劉穆之掌留任，而旨從北來，穆之由是愧懼發病。 弘，珣之子也。 十二月，壬申，詔以裕為相國、總百揆、揚州牧，封十郡為宋公，備九錫之禮，位在諸侯王上，領征西將軍、司、豫、北徐、雍四州刺史如故，裕辭不受。
Grand Marshal Liu Yu sent his Left Chief Clerk Wang Hong back to Jiankang to signal the court that he expected the Nine Bestowals. Liu Muzhi was then in charge at the capital. When the message arrived from the north, shame and dread overcame him and he fell ill. Wang Hong was the son of Wang Xun. In the twelfth month, on renshen, an edict appointed Liu Yu Chancellor, Director of All Affairs, and Governor of Yang Province; enfeoffed him as Duke of Song over ten commanderies with the full rites of the Nine Bestowals, rank above all feudal lords, while retaining his posts as General Who Conquers the West and Governor of Si, Yu, Northern Xu, and Yong. Liu Yu declined.
81
西秦王熾磐遣使詣太尉裕，求擊秦以自效。 裕拜熾磐平西將軍、河南公。
Qifu Chipan of Western Qin sent envoys to Grand Marshal Liu Yu offering to attack Later Qin in Jin's service. Liu Yu created him General Who Pacifies the West and Duke of Henan.
82
秦姚懿司馬孫暢說懿使襲長安，誅東平公紹，廢秦主泓而代之。 懿以為然，乃散谷以賜河北夷、夏，欲樹私恩。 左常侍張敞、侍郎左雅諫曰：「殿下以母弟居方面，安危休戚，與國同之。 今吳寇內侵。 四州傾沒，西虜擾邊，秦、涼覆敗，朝廷之危，有如累卵。 谷者，國之本也，而殿下無故散之，虛損國儲，將若之何？」 懿怒，笞殺之。
Sun Chang, staff officer to Yao Yi, urged Yi to strike Chang'an, kill Yao Shao, Duke of Dongping, depose Yao Hong, and seize the throne. Yao Yi agreed and began distributing grain to the tribes and Chinese north of the Yellow River, seeking to buy personal loyalty. Left Attendant Zhang Chang and Gentleman Attendant Zuo Ya remonstrated: "Your Highness, as the emperor's own brother holding a frontier command, shares the state's fortunes for good or ill. Jin invades from the east. Four provinces have fallen, western enemies harry the frontier, Qin and Liang are in ruins—the throne totters like a stack of eggs. Grain is the foundation of the state. To squander it without cause depletes the treasury—what then?" Yao Yi flew into a rage and had them flogged to death.
83
泓聞之，召東平公紹，密與之謀。 紹曰：「懿性識鄙淺，從物推移。 造此謀者，必孫暢也。 但馳使征暢，遣撫軍將軍贊據陝城，臣向潼關為諸軍節度，若暢奉詔而至，臣當遣懿帥河東見兵共禦晉師； 若不受詔命，便當聲其罪而討之。」 泓曰：「叔父之言，杜稷之計也。」 乃遣姚贊及冠軍將軍司馬國璠、建義將軍□也玄屯陝津，武衛將軍姚驢屯潼關。
When Yao Hong learned of this, he summoned Yao Shao, Duke of Dongping, and plotted with him in secret. Yao Shao said: "Yao Yi is shallow and easily swayed. The mastermind must be Sun Chang. Send a fast courier to summon Sun Chang. Post General Who Pacifies the Army Zan at Shancheng. I shall take Tong Pass and direct all forces. If Chang obeys the summons, I will have Yi lead the troops of Hedong against the Jin army; if he refuses, proclaim his crimes and move against him.' Yao Hong said, 'My uncle speaks for the good of the realm itself.' He then sent Yao Zan, Champion General Sima Guofan, and Establishing Righteousness General [—] Yexuan to hold Shan Ford, while Martial Guard General Yao Lü garrisoned Tong Pass.
84
懿遂舉兵稱帝，傳檄州郡，欲運匈奴堡谷以給鎮人。 寧東將軍姚成都拒之，懿卑辭誘之，送佩刀為誓，成都不從。 懿遣驍騎將軍王國帥甲士數百攻成都，成都擊禽之，遣使讓懿曰：「明公以至親當重任，國危不能救，而更圖非望； 三祖之靈，其肯佐明公乎！ 成都將糾合義兵，往見明公於河上耳。」 於是傳檄諸城，諭以逆順，徵兵調食以討懿。 懿亦發諸城兵，莫有應者，惟臨晉數千戶應懿。 成都引兵濟河，擊臨晉叛者，破之。 鎮人安定郭純等起兵圍懿。 東平公紹入蒲阪，執懿，誅孫暢等。
Yao Yi thereupon took up arms and declared himself emperor, sending proclamations through the provinces and commanderies and planning to move grain from the Xiongnu Fort to feed his garrison troops. Pacifying-the-East General Yao Chengdu opposed him. Yi tried to win him with humble pleas and sent a girdle dagger as a pledge of faith, but Chengdu refused. Yi sent Swift Cavalry General Wang Guo with several hundred armored men against Chengdu. Chengdu defeated and captured him, then sent an envoy to rebuke Yi: 'You hold high office as a kinsman of the house, yet when the state is in peril you fail to save it and instead reach for what is not yours; will the spirits of the three ancestors aid you in this! I shall rally loyal troops and meet you on the riverbank.' He then sent proclamations to the cities, explaining the difference between loyalty and treason, and raised troops and supplies to march against Yi. Yi likewise called up troops from the cities, but none answered except a few thousand households at Linjin. Chengdu crossed the river, struck the Linjin rebels, and routed them. Guo Chun of Anding and others among the garrison troops rose and besieged Yi. The Prince of Dongping, Yao Shao, entered Puban, seized Yi, and executed Sun Chang and his associates.
85
是歲，魏衛將軍安城孝元王叔孫俊卒。 魏主嗣甚惜之，謂其妻桓氏曰：「生同其榮，能沒同其戚乎？」 桓氏乃縊而□焉。
That year, Shusun Jun, Guard General of Wei and Prince Xiaoyuan of Ancheng, died. Emperor Si of Wei grieved deeply for him and said to his wife Lady Huan, 'In life we shared his glory—can you not share his sorrow in death?' Lady Huan then hanged herself and followed him.
86
丁零翟猛雀驅略吏民，入白三間為亂； 魏內都大官河內張蒲與冀州刺史長孫道生討之。 道生，嵩之從子也。 道生欲進兵擊猛雀，蒲曰：「吏民非樂為亂，為猛雀所迫脅耳。 今不分別，並擊之，雖欲返善，其道無由，必同心協力，據險以拒官軍，未易猝平也。 不如先遣使諭之，以不與猛雀同謀者皆不坐，則必喜而離散矣。」 道生從之，降者數千家，使復舊業。 猛雀與其黨百餘人出走，蒲等追斬猛雀首，左部沿書周幾窮討餘黨，悉誅之。
Zhai Mengque of the Dingling Di drove off officials and commoners and entered Bai Sanjian in revolt; Zhang Pu of Henei, Director of the Inner Court of Wei, and Changsun Daosheng, Inspector of Ji Province, marched against them. Daosheng was a nephew of Changsun Song. Daosheng wanted to advance and strike Mengque at once. Pu said, 'The officials and commoners do not wish to rebel; they are only forced by Mengque. If we make no distinction and attack them all together, those who might return to loyalty will have no way to do so. They will unite, hold the passes, and resist the government troops, and the rebellion will not be quickly crushed. Better to send envoys first and announce that all who did not join Mengque's plot will go unpunished. They will rejoice and scatter of their own accord.' Daosheng agreed. Several thousand households surrendered and were allowed to return to their former occupations. Mengque fled with a little more than a hundred followers. Pu and his men pursued him, cut off his head, and Zhou Ji of the Left Secretariat tracked down the remaining rebels and put them all to death.