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資治通鑑第156卷
In sum, Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 156
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【梁紀十二】起昭陽赤奮若，盡閼逢攝提格，凡二年。
[Liang Records 12] The cycle runs from Zhaoyang Chifenruo through Efeng Shetige; two years in all.
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1春正月辛卯，上祀南郊，大赦。
In spring, the first month, on xinmao, the emperor sacrificed at the Southern Altar and proclaimed a general amnesty, the annals record.
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2魏竇泰奄至爾朱兆庭，軍人因宴休惰，忽見泰軍，驚走； 追破之於赤谼嶺，眾並降散。 兆逃於窮山，命左右西河張亮及蒼頭陳山提斬己首以降，皆不忍； 兆乃殺所乘白馬，自縊於樹。 歡親臨，厚葬之。 慕容紹宗攜爾朱榮妻子及兆餘眾詣歡降，歡以義故，待之甚厚。 兆之在秀容，左右皆密通款於歡，唯張亮無啟疏。 歡嘉之，以為丞相府參軍。
Dou Tai of Wei suddenly appeared at Erzhu Zhao's encampment. The soldiers had been feasting and resting in idleness; at the sudden sight of Tai's army they fled in panic; Tai pursued and defeated them at Chihong Ridge, and the whole host surrendered and scattered. Zhao fled into the wild hills and ordered his attendants Zhang Liang of Xihe and the groom Chen Shanti to cut off his head so they could surrender; none could bring themselves to do it; Zhao then killed the white horse he had been riding and hanged himself from a tree. Gao Huan came in person and gave him a lavish burial. Murong Shaozong brought Erzhu Rong's wife and children and Zhao's remaining followers to surrender to Huan; out of past ties of righteousness, Huan treated them very generously. While Zhao was at Xiurong, everyone around him had secretly opened communications with Huan; only Zhang Liang sent no letters. Gao Huan admired this and appointed him Aide in the Chancellor's Office.
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3魏罷諸行台。
Wei abolished all mobile headquarters (xingtai), the annals record.
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4辛亥，上祀明堂。
On xinhai, the emperor sacrificed at the Bright Hall, the annals record.
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5丁巳，魏主追尊其父為武穆帝，太妃馮氏為武穆後，母李氏為皇太妃。
On dingsi, the Wei sovereign posthumously honored his father as Emperor Wumu and the consort Lady Feng as Empress Wumu, and his mother Lady Li as Grand Imperial Consort, the annals record.
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6營州刺史曹鳳、東荊州刺史雷能勝等舉城降魏。
Cao Feng, inspector of Yingzhou, Lei Nengsheng, inspector of Eastern Jingzhou, and others submitted their cities to Wei.
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7魏侍中斛斯椿聞喬寧、張子期之死，內不自安，與南陽王寶炬、武衛將軍元毘、王思政密勸魏主圖丞相歡。 毘，遵之玄孫也。 舍人元士弼又言歡受詔不敬，帝由是不悅。 椿勸帝置閣內都督部曲，又增武直人數，自直閣已下，員別數百，皆選四方驍勇者充之。 帝數出遊幸，椿自部勒，別為行陳，由是朝政、軍謀，帝專與椿決之。 帝以關中大行台賀拔岳擁重兵，密與相結，又出侍中賀拔勝為都督三荊等七州諸軍事、荊州刺史，欲倚勝兄弟以敵歡，歡益不悅。
Wei's Palace Attendant Husu Chun, hearing of the deaths of Qiao Ning and Zhang Ziqi, was ill at ease. With the Prince of Nanyang, Bao Ju, Military Guard General Yuan Pi, and Wang Sizheng he secretly urged the Wei sovereign to plot against Chancellor Huan. Pi was a great-grandson of Zun, the annals record. Gentleman of the Palace Yuan Shibi also said that Huan was disrespectful in receiving the edicts, and since of this the emperor was displeased. Chun urged the emperor to establish an inner-guard command with its own troops, and also to increase the number of martial attendants; from Direct Attendant downward, several hundred posts were set apart, all filled by fierce warriors chosen from all quarters, the annals record. The sovereign often went out on tours and hunts; Chun personally arrayed them in separate formations, so that court affairs and military plans were decided solely between the emperor and Chun. The emperor, since Grand Commissioner of Guanzhong Heba Yue held heavy forces, secretly allied with him; he also dispatched out Palace Attendant Heba Sheng as Commander-in-Chief of the Military Affairs of the seven provinces of Sanjing and others and inspector of Jingzhou, intending to rely on the Heba brothers to counter Huan—and Huan grew still more displeased.
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8侍中、司空高乾之在信都也，遭父喪，不暇終服。 及孝武帝即位，表請解職行喪，詔聽解侍中，司空如故。 乾雖求退，不謂遽見許。 既去內侍，朝政多不關預，居常怏怏。 帝既貳於歡，冀乾為己用，嘗於華林園宴罷，獨留乾，謂之曰：「司空奕世忠良，今日復建殊效，相與雖則君臣，義同兄弟，宜共立盟約，以敦情契。」 殷勤逼之。 乾對曰：「臣以身許國，何敢有貳！」 時事出倉猝，且不謂帝有異圖，遂不固辭，亦不以啟歡。 及帝置部曲，乾乃私謂所親曰：「主上不親勳賢，而招集群小，數遣元士弼、王思政往來關西與賀拔岳計議，又出賀拔勝為荊州，外示疏忌，實欲樹黨，令其兄弟相近，冀據有西方。 禍難將作，必及於我。」 乃密啟歡。 歡召乾詣并州，面論時事，乾因勸歡受魏禪。 歡以袖掩其口曰：「勿妄言！ 今令司空復為侍中，門下之事一以相委。」 歡屢啟請，帝不許。 乾知變難將起，密啟歡求為徐州； 二月辛酉，以乾為驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、徐州刺史，以咸陽王坦為司空。
When Gao Gan had been at Xindu, he met with his father's death and had no leisure to complete mourning, the annals record. When Emperor Xiaowu took the throne, Gan memorialized asking to leave office to observe mourning; an edict allowed him to resign as Palace Attendant while retaining the post of Minister of Works, the annals record. Though Gan sought to withdraw, he did not expect to be granted permission so quickly, the annals record. Once removed from inner attendance, he had little part in court affairs and was often resentful, the annals record. The emperor, already estranged from Huan, hoped to use Gan for his own ends. Once, when a feast in the Hualin Garden had ended, he kept Gan alone and told him, "The Minister of Works' house has been loyal for generations; today you have again achieved a singular merit. Though in name we are ruler and subject, in affection we are as brothers. We ought to establish a covenant together to deepen our bond." He pressed him earnestly, the annals record. In sum, Gan replied, "I have given my person to the state—how dare I be of two minds!" The affair had arisen in haste, and Gan did not suppose the emperor had another design; he therefore did not firmly refuse, nor did he report it to Huan, the annals record. When the emperor established his own troops, Gan said privately to those close to him, "The sovereign does not draw near meritorious worthies but gathers petty men about him. He repeatedly sends Yuan Shibi and Wang Sizheng to Guanxi to consult with Heba Yue, and has also dispatched out Heba Sheng as inspector of Jingzhou—outwardly showing estrangement, in truth building a faction, placing the brothers near each other in hope that they will hold the west. Calamity is about to break out and will surely reach me, the annals record." He then secretly reported to Huan, the annals record. Gao Huan summoned Gan to Bingzhou and discussed the times face to face; Gan then urged Huan to accept the Wei mandate. Gao Huan covered his mouth with his sleeve and said, "Do not speak rashly! I shall now have the Minister of Works restored as Palace Attendant; all matters of the Secretariat shall be entrusted to you, the annals record." Huan repeatedly memorialized requesting it, but the emperor would not agree, the annals record. In sum, Gan knew that trouble was about to arise and secretly asked Huan for the post of inspector of Xuzhou; In the second month, on xinyou, Gan became Grand General Who Campaigns on Horseback, Bearer of the Staff with Equal Rank to the Three Dukes, and inspector of Xuzhou; the Prince of Xianyang, Tan, became Minister of Works.
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9癸未，上幸同泰寺，講《般若經》，七日而罷，會者數萬人。
On guiwei, the emperor visited Tongtai Temple and lectured on the Prajnaparamita Sutra; after seven days it ended, and those assembled numbered tens of thousands, the annals record.
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10魏正光以前，阿至羅常附於魏。 及中原多事，阿至羅亦叛，丞相歡招撫之，阿至羅復降，凡十萬戶。
Before the Zhengguang era, the Azhi Luo had constantly submitted to Wei, the annals record. When the central plains were in turmoil, the Azhi Luo also rebelled. Chancellor Huan won them over, and the Azhi Luo submitted again—one hundred thousand households in all, the annals record.
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11三月辛卯，詔復以歡為大行台，使隨宜裁處。 歡與之粟帛，議者以為徒費無益，歡不從； 及經略河西，大收其用。
In the third month, on xinmao, an edict restored Huan as Grand Commissioner and authorized him to act as he saw fit, the annals record. Gao Huan gave them grain and cloth; critics held that it was wasted effort to no purpose, but Huan refused to listen; when he later carried out his plans in Hexi, he reaped great use from them, the annals record.
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12高乾將之徐州，魏主聞其漏洩機事，乃詔丞相歡曰：「乾邕與朕私有盟約，今乃反覆兩端。」 歡聞其與帝盟，亦惡之，即取乾前後數啟論時事者遣使封上。 帝召乾，對歡使責之，乾曰：「陛下自立異圖，乃謂臣為反覆，人主加罪，其可辭乎！」 遂賜死。 帝又密敕東徐州刺史潘紹業殺其弟敖曹，敖曹先聞乾死，伏壯士於路，執紹業，得敕書於袍領，遂將十餘騎奔晉陽。 歡抱其首哭曰：「天子枉害司空！」 敖曹兄仲密為光州刺史，帝敕青州斷其歸路，仲密亦間行奔晉陽。 仲密名慎，以字行。
As Gao Gan was about to go to Xuzhou, the Wei sovereign heard that he had leaked state secrets and therefore dispatched word to Chancellor Huan: "Gan Yong and I privately made a covenant; now he is double-dealing." Huan, learning of his covenant with the emperor, also came to hate him and immediately took Gan's earlier memorials discussing the times, sealed them, and dispatched them up by envoy. The sovereign summoned Gan and, in Huan's envoy's presence, reproached him. Gan said, "Your Majesty set up a separate design of your own and therefore call me double-dealing. When a ruler imposes guilt, how can one decline it!" He was then ordered to die, the annals record. The sovereign also secretly ordered Eastern Xuzhou Inspector Pan Shaoye to kill his younger brother Aocao. Aocao, having first heard of Gan's death, set stalwarts in ambush on the road, seized Shaoye, and obtained the secret edict from the lining of his robe; he then took a little more than ten horsemen and fled to Jinyang. Gao Huan embraced his head and wept, saying, "The Son of Heaven wrongly killed the Minister of Works!" Aocao's elder brother Zhongmi was inspector of Guangzhou; the emperor ordered Qingzhou to cut off his return route, and Zhongmi also made his way secretly to Jinyang, the annals record. Zhongmi's personal name was Shen; he was known by his style, the annals record.
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13魏太師魯郡王肅卒。
Wei's Grand Preceptor, Prince Su of Lu commandery, died, the annals record.
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14丙辰，南平元襄王偉卒。
On bingchen, Prince Yuan Xiang of Nanping died, the annals record.
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15丁巳，魏以趙郡王諶為太尉，南陽王寶炬為太保。
On dingsi, Wei made Prince Chen of Zhao commandery Grand Marshal and Prince Bao Ju of Nanyang Grand Tutor, the annals record.
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16魏爾朱兆之入洛也，焚太常樂庫，鐘磬俱盡。 節閔帝詔錄尚書事長孫稚、太常卿祖瑩等更造之，至是始成，命曰大成樂。
When Erzhu Zhao entered Luoyang, he burned the storehouse of ritual music in the Ministry of Rites, and bells and chimes were all destroyed, the annals record. Emperor Jiemin ordered Chief of the Imperial Secretariat Changsun Zhi, Minister of Rites Zu Ying, and others to make them anew; only now were they completed, and they were named the Music of Great Completion, the annals record.
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17魏青州民耿翔聚眾寇掠三齊，膠州刺史裴粲，專事高談，不為防禦； 夏四月，翔掩襲州城。 左右白賊至，粲曰：「豈有此理！」 左右又言已入州門，粲乃徐曰：「耿王來，可引之聽事，自餘部眾，且付城民。」 翔斬之，送首來降。
In sum, The people of Qingzhou in Wei, Geng Xiang, gathered a host and raided the Three Qi; Inspector Pei Can of Jiaozhou devoted himself to lofty talk and made no defense; in the fourth month of summer, Xiang made a surprise attack on the prefectural city, the annals record. In sum, Those at his side reported that bandits had come; Can said, "How could there be such a thing!" Those at his side again said they had already entered the prefectural gate; Can then said slowly, "Prince Geng has come—he may be commanded to the reception hall; as for the rest of the host, let the city folk deal with them." Xiang beheaded him and dispatched his head in surrender.
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18五月，魏東徐州民王早等殺刺史崔癢，以下邳來降。
In the fifth month, the people of Eastern Xuzhou in Wei, Wang Zao and others, killed Inspector Cui Yang and came over from Xiapi to surrender, the annals record.
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19六月壬申，魏以驃騎大將軍樊子鵠為青、膠大使，督濟州刺史蔡俊等討耿翔。
On renshen in the sixth month, Wei made Grand General Who Campaigns on Horseback Fan Zihu commissioner for Qing and Jiao, supervising Inspector Cai Jun of Jizhou and others in attacking Geng Xiang, the annals record.
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20秋七月，魏師至青州，翔棄城來奔，詔以為兗州刺史。
In the seventh month of autumn, Wei troops reached Qingzhou; Xiang abandoned the city and came to submit, and an edict appointed him inspector of Yanzhou, the annals record.
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21壬辰，魏以廣陵王欣為大司馬，趙郡王諶為太師。 庚戌，以前司徒賀拔允為太尉。
On renchen, Wei made Prince Xin of Guangling Grand Marshal of War and Prince Chen of Zhao commandery Grand Preceptor, the annals record. On gengxu, the former Minister of Works Heba Yun became Grand Marshal.
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22初，賀拔岳遣行台郎馮景詣晉陽，丞相歡聞岳使至，甚喜，曰：「賀拔公詎憶吾邪！」 與景歃血，約與岳為兄弟。 景還，言於岳曰：「歡奸詐有餘，不可信也。」 府司馬宇文泰自請使晉陽以觀歡之為人，歡奇其狀貌，曰：「此兒視瞻非常。」 將留之，泰固求覆命； 歡既遣而悔之，發驛急追，至關，不及而返。 泰至長安，謂岳曰：「高歡所以未篡者，正憚公兄弟耳； 侯莫陳悅之徒，非所忌也。 公但潛為之備，圖歡不難。 今費也頭控弦之騎不下一萬，夏州刺史斛拔彌俄突勝兵三千餘人，靈州刺史曹泥、河西流民紇豆陵伊利等各擁部眾，未有所屬。 公若移軍近隴，抗其要害，震之以威，懷之以惠，可收其士馬以資吾軍。 西輯氐、羌，北撫沙塞，還軍長安，匡輔魏室，此桓、文之功也。」 岳大悅，復遣泰詣洛陽請事，密陳其狀。 魏主喜，加泰武衛將軍，使還報。
Before this, Heba Yue had dispatched Mobile Headquarters Gentleman Feng Jing to Jinyang. Chancellor Huan, hearing that Yue's envoy had come, was greatly pleased and said, "Lord Heba—does he remember me after all!" He drank blood with Jing and pledged brotherhood with Yue, the annals record. When Jing returned, he told Yue, "Huan is treacherous beyond measure and cannot be trusted." Staff Officer Yuwen Tai volunteered to go to Jinyang to observe Huan's conduct. Huan marveled at his appearance and said, "This lad's gaze is extraordinary, the annals record." He was about to detain him, but Tai firmly asked to return with his report; after Huan had dispatched him off he regretted it and dispatched post-horses in haste to pursue him; they reached the pass but could not overtake him, and he returned. When Tai reached Chang'an, he told Yue, "The reason Gao Huan has not yet usurped is that he fears you and your brothers; men like Hou Mo Chen Yue are not what he fears, the annals record. If you secretly prepare against him, plotting against Huan will not be hard, the annals record. Today the Feiye Tou have no fewer than ten thousand bow-bearing horsemen; Inspector of Xiazhou Hubo Mi'e Tu has more than three thousand picked troops; Inspector of Lingzhou Cao Ni, the Xianbei refugee leader Yidouling Yili, and others each hold their own followings and belong to no one yet, the annals record. If you move your army near Long, confront their vital points, awe them with might, and cherish them with kindness, you can gather their soldiers and horses to supply our army, the annals record. In the west unite the Di and Qiang; in the north pacify the desert frontier; then return the army to Chang'an and support the Wei house—this would be the achievement of Duke Huan and Duke Wen of Qi, the annals record." Yue was greatly pleased and again dispatched Tai to Luoyang to request orders, secretly reporting the situation. The Wei emperor was pleased and promoted Tai to Military Guard General and dispatched him back with the reply.
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22八月，帝以岳為都督雍、華等二十州諸軍事、雍州刺史，又割心前血，遣使者繼以賜之。 岳遂引兵西屯平涼，以牧馬為名。 斛拔彌俄突、紇豆陵伊利及費也頭-{万俟}-受洛干、鐵勒斛律沙門等皆附於岳，唯曹泥附於歡。 秦、南秦、河、渭四州刺史同會平涼，受岳節度。 岳以夏州被邊重要，欲求良刺史以鎮之，眾舉宇文泰，岳曰：「宇文左丞，吾左右手，何可廢也！」 沉吟累日，卒表用之。
In the eighth month, the emperor made Yue Commander-in-Chief of the Military Affairs of twenty provinces including Yong and Hua and inspector of Yongzhou, and also cut flesh from before his heart and dispatched it after him by successive envoys as a gift. Yue then commanded his army west and encamped at Pingliang under the pretext of pasturing horses. Hubo Mi'e Tu, Yidouling Yili, and the Feiye Tou Wan Nianshou Luogan, the Tiele Hulu Shamen, and others all attached themselves to Yue; only Cao Ni attached himself to Huan, the annals record. The inspectors of Qin, Southern Qin, He, and Wei all met at Pingliang and accepted Yue's command, the annals record. Yue, since Xiazhou lay on the border and was important, wished to find a good inspector to hold it; the assembly nominated Yuwen Tai. Yue said, "Assistant Director Yuwen is my right hand—how can he be dismissed!" He pondered for many days and in the end memorialized to appoint him, the annals record.
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21九月癸酉，魏丞相歡表讓王爵，不許； 請分封邑十萬戶頒授勳義，從之。
In sum, In the ninth month, on guiyou, Wei Chancellor Huan memorialized to decline the royal title; it was not granted; he asked to distribute one hundred thousand households of his fief among meritorious men, and this was approved, the annals record.
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22冬十月庚申，以尚書右僕射何敬容為左僕射，吏部尚書謝舉為右僕射。
In the tenth month of winter, on gengshen, Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing He Jingrong became Left Vice Director, and Minister of Personnel Xie Ju became Right Vice Director.
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23十一月癸巳，魏以殷州刺史中山邸珍為徐州大都督、東道行台、僕射，以討下邳。
In the eleventh month, on guisi, Wei made Di Zhen of Zhongshan, inspector of Yinzhou, Grand Commander of Xuzhou, Eastern-route Mobile Headquarters, and Vice Director, to attack Xiapi, the annals record.
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24十二月丁巳，魏主狩於嵩高； 己巳，幸溫湯； 丁丑，還宮。
In sum, In the twelfth month, on dingsi, the Wei sovereign hunted on Mount Song; In sum, on jisi, he visited the hot springs; on dingchou, he returned to the palace, the annals record.
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25魏荊州刺史賀拔勝寇雍州，拔下迮戍，扇動諸蠻； 雍州刺史廬陵王續遣軍擊之，屢為所敗，漢南震駭。 勝又遣軍攻馮翊、安定、沔陽、酇城，皆拔之。 續遣電威將軍柳仲禮屯谷城以拒之，勝攻之，不克，乃還。 於是沔北蕩為丘墟矣。 仲禮，慶遠之孫也。 魏丞相歡患賀拔岳、侯莫陳悅之強，右丞翟嵩曰：「嵩能間之，使其自相屠滅。」 歡遣之。 歡又使長史侯景招撫紇豆陵伊利，伊利不從。
In sum, Heba Sheng, inspector of Jingzhou in Wei, raided Yongzhou, took the fortress of Xiaza, and stirred up the various Man tribes; Inspector Lu Ling Wang Xu of Yongzhou dispatched troops to attack him and was repeatedly defeated; south of the Han all were shaken with fear. Sheng again dispatched troops to attack Fengyi, Anding, Mianyang, and Zuo city and took them all. Xu dispatched Lightning Might General Liu Zhongli to encamp at Gucheng to resist him; Sheng struck but could not take it and then withdrew. Thereupon the north of the Mian was laid waste as barren mounds, the annals record. Zhongli was a grandson of Qingyuan, the annals record. Wei Chancellor Huan was troubled by the strength of Heba Yue and Hou Mo Chen Yue. Right Director Zhai Song said, "I can set them at odds and make them slaughter one another." Gao Huan dispatched him. Gao Huan also dispatched Chief of Staff Hou Jing to win over Yidouling Yili; Yili would not submit.
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1春正月壬辰，魏丞相歡擊伊利於河西，擒之，遷其部落於河東。 魏主讓之曰：「伊利不侵不叛，為國純臣。 王忽伐之，詎有一介行人先請之乎！」
In spring, the first month, on renchen, Wei Chancellor Huan struck Yili west of the river, took him, and moved his tribe east of the river. The Wei emperor reproached him, saying, "Yili did not invade and did not rebel; he was a pure minister of the state. The king suddenly struck him—was there even a single envoy dispatched ahead to ask permission!"
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2魏東梁州民夷作亂，二月，詔以行東雍州事豐陽泉企討平之。 企世為商、洛豪族，魏世祖以其曾祖景言為本縣令，封丹水侯，使其子孫襲之。
The people of Eastern Liangzhou in Wei, Yi and barbarians, rose in disorder. In the second month, an edict ordered Quan Qi of Fengyang, acting for Eastern Yongzhou, to pacify them, the annals record. The Quan clan for generations had been a powerful house of Shang and Luo. Emperor Shizu of Wei had made his great-grandfather Jingyan magistrate of the native district and enfeoffed him as Marquis of Danshui, with the office to pass to his descendants, the annals record.
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3壬戌，魏大赦。
On renxu, Wei proclaimed a general amnesty, the annals record.
34
4癸亥，上耕藉田。 大赦。
On guihai, the emperor plowed the sacred field, the annals record. A general amnesty was proclaimed, the annals record.
35
5魏永寧浮圖災，觀者皆哭，聲振城闕。
The Yongning pagoda in Wei caught fire; the onlookers all wept, and the sound shook the city towers, the annals record.
36
6魏賀拔岳將討曹泥，使都督武川趙貴至夏州與宇文泰謀之，泰曰：「曹泥孤城阻遠，未足為憂。 侯莫陳悅貪而無信，宜先圖之。」 岳不聽，召悅會於高平，與共討泥。 悅既得翟嵩之言，乃謀取岳。 岳數與悅宴語，長史武川雷紹諫，不聽。 岳使悅前行，至河曲，悅誘岳入營坐，論軍事。 悅陽稱腹痛而起，其婿元洪景拔刀斬岳。 岳左右皆散走，悅遣人諭之云：「我別受旨，止取一人，諸君勿怖。」 眾以為然，皆不敢動。 而悅心猶豫，不即撫納，乃還入隴，屯水洛城。 岳眾散還平涼，趙貴詣悅請岳屍葬之，悅許之。 岳既死，悅軍中皆相賀，行台朗中薛□私謂所親曰：「悅才略素寡，輒害良將，吾屬今為人虜矣，何賀之有！」 □，真度之從孫也。
Heba Yue of Wei was about to campaign against Cao Ni and dispatched Supervisor Zhao Gui of Wuchuan to Xiazhou to consult with Yuwen Tai. Tai said, "Cao Ni holds a lone city far off in difficult country and is not worth worry. In sum, Hou Mo Chen Yue is greedy and faithless; he should be dealt with first." Heba Yue refused to listen. He summoned Hou Mo Chen Yue to meet at Gaoping and together attack Ni. Hou Mo Chen Yue, having received Zhai Song's message, then plotted to seize Heba Yue, the annals record. Heba Yue repeatedly feasted and talked with Hou Mo Chen Yue. Chief Clerk Lei Shao of Wuchuan remonstrated, but he refused to listen. Heba Yue dispatched Hou Mo Chen Yue ahead. When they reached Hequ, Hou Mo Chen Yue lured Heba Yue into the camp to sit and discuss military affairs. Hou Mo Chen Yue pretended stomach pain and rose; his son-in-law Yuan Hongjing drew a blade and beheaded Heba Yue, the annals record. Those at Heba Yue's side all scattered and fled. Hou Mo Chen Yue dispatched men to reassure them, saying, "I received a separate order to take only one man; you need not fear." The host thought it so and none dared move, the annals record. Yet Hou Mo Chen Yue still hesitated and did not immediately win them over; he returned into Long and encamped at Shuilo city. Heba Yue's forces scattered back to Pingliang. Zhao Gui went to Hou Mo Chen Yue to ask for Heba Yue's corpse for burial; Hou Mo Chen Yue agreed, the annals record. In sum, After Heba Yue died, all in Hou Mo Chen Yue's army congratulated one another. Mobile Headquarters Gentleman Xue Que said privately to those close to him, "Hou Mo Chen Yue has always been short on talent and strategy, yet rashly killed a fine general—we are captives now; what is there to congratulate!" Que was a grandnephew of Zhendu, the annals record.
37
7岳眾未有所屬，諸將以都督武川寇洛年最長，推使總諸軍； 洛素無威略，不能齊眾，乃自請避位。 趙貴曰：「宇文夏州英略冠世，遠近歸心，賞罰嚴明，士卒用命。 若迎而奉之，大事濟矣。」 諸將或欲南召賀拔勝，或欲東告魏朝，猶豫未決。 都督盛樂杜朔周曰：「遠水不救近火，今日之事，非宇文夏州無能濟者，趙將軍議是也。 朔周請輕騎告哀，且迎之。」 眾乃使朔周馳至夏州召泰。
Heba Yue's host had no leader. The generals, since Supervisor Kou Luo of Wuchuan was eldest in years, pushed him to command all the armies; Luo had never had authority or plan and could not unite the host, so he himself asked to step aside, the annals record. Zhao Gui said, "Yuwen of Xia province has talent that crowns the age; near and far turn to him. Rewards and punishments are strict and clear; soldiers obey his orders, the annals record. In sum, If we welcome and support him, the great affair will succeed." Some generals wished to summon Heba Sheng from the south, or report east to the Wei court, and hesitated without decision, the annals record. Supervisor Du Shuozhou of Shengle said, "Distant water will not save a nearby fire. Today's affair cannot be settled except by Yuwen of Xia province; General Zhao's plan is right, the annals record. In sum, Shuozhou asks to go with light horse to announce mourning and also to welcome him." The assembly then dispatched Shuozhou galloping to Xiazhou to summon Tai.
38
8泰與將佐賓客共議去留，前太中大夫穎川韓褒曰：「此天授也，又何疑乎！ 侯莫陳悅，井中蛙耳，使君往，必擒之。」 眾以為：「悅在水洛，去平涼不遠，若已有賀拔公之眾，則圖之實難，願且留以觀變。」 泰曰：「悅既害元帥，自應乘勢直據平涼，而退屯水洛，吾知其無能為也。 夫難得易失者，時也。 若不早赴，眾心將離。」
Yuwen Tai discussed going or staying with his staff, retainers, and guests. Former Grand Master of Palace Han Bao of Yingchuan said, "This is Heaven's grant—why doubt it! In sum, Hou Mo Chen Yue is a frog in a well; if my lord goes, you will surely capture him." In sum, The assembly thought, "Hou Mo Chen Yue is at Shuilo, not far from Pingliang. If he already has Lord Heba's troops, taking him will truly be hard. We wish to stay and watch how things change." Yuwen Tai said, "Hou Mo Chen Yue has already killed the commander-in-chief; he ought to press the advantage straight to Pingliang. Instead he withdraws to camp at Shuilo—I know he can do nothing. What is hard to gain and easy to lose is opportunity, the annals record. If we do not go soon, the host's heart will scatter, the annals record."
39
9夏州首望都督彌姐元進陰謀應悅，泰知之，與帳下都督高平蔡祐謀執之，祐曰：「元進會當反噬，不如殺之。」 泰曰：「汝有大決。」 乃召元進等入計事，泰曰：「隴賊逆亂，當與諸人戮力討之，諸人似有不同者，何也？」 祐即被甲持刀直入，瞋目謂諸將曰：「朝謀夕異，何以為人！ 今日必斷奸人首！」 舉坐皆叩頭曰：「願有所擇。」 祐乃叱元進，斬之，並誅其黨，因與諸將同盟討悅。 泰謂祐曰：「吾今以爾為子，爾其以我為父乎？」
In sum, Chief Chieftain Supervisor Mijie Yuanjin of Xia province plotted in secret to respond to Hou Mo Chen Yue. Tai knew it and with Tent Supervisor Cai You of Gaoping plotted to seize him. You said, "Yuanjin will turn and bite—better kill him." Yuwen Tai said, "You have great resolve." In sum, He then summoned Yuanjin and the others to discuss affairs. Tai said, "The Long rebels are in disorder; we ought to join strength with all of you to punish them. You seem to differ—why?" You immediately donned armor, took blade in hand, and entered directly. Glaring at the generals he said, "Plans change morning and evening—how can one be a man! In sum, Today we must cut off traitors' heads!" In sum, All present kowtowed and said, "We wish to choose." You then shouted at Yuanjin and beheaded him, and executed his faction as well; he then swore alliance with the generals to attack Hou Mo Chen Yue, the annals record. Yuwen Tai told You, "I now take you as son—will you take me as father?"
40
10泰與帳下輕騎馳赴平涼，令杜朔周帥眾先據彈箏峽。 時民間惶懼，逃散者多，軍士爭欲掠之，朔周曰：「宇文公方伐罪弔民，奈何助賊為虐乎！」 撫而遣之，遠近悅附； 泰聞而嘉之。 朔周本姓赫連，曾祖庫多汗避難改焉。 泰命復其舊姓，名之曰達。
Yuwen Tai with light horse of his tent galloped to Pingliang and ordered Du Shuozhou to lead the army first to hold Tanzheng Gorge. In sum, At that time the people were in fear and many fled and scattered. Soldiers vied to plunder them. Shuozhou said, "Lord Yuwen is now punishing crime and comforting the people—how can you aid the bandits in their cruelty!" He comforted them and dispatched them away; near and far were pleased and attached themselves. Yuwen Tai heard and praised him. Shuozhou's original surname had been Helian; his great-grandfather Kuhuohan had changed it to escape trouble, the annals record. Yuwen Tai ordered the old surname restored and gave him the name Da.
41
11丞相歡使侯景招撫岳眾，泰至安定，遇之，謂曰：「賀拔公雖死，宇文泰尚存，卿何為者！」 景失色曰：「我猶箭耳，唯人所射。」 遂還。 泰至平涼，哭岳甚慟，將士皆悲喜。
Gao Huan dispatched Hou Jing to win over Heba Yue's host. When Tai reached Anding he met him and said, "Though Lord Heba is dead, Yuwen Tai still lives—what are you about!" In sum, Jing turned pale and said, "I am but an arrow—only at others' shooting." In sum, He then returned. When Tai reached Pingliang he wept for Heba Yue with extreme grief; officers and soldiers were both sorrowful and joyful, the annals record.
42
12歡復使侯景與散騎常侍代郡張華原、義寧太守太安王基勞泰，泰不受，欲劫留之，曰：「留則共享富貴，不然，命在今日。」 華原曰：「明公欲脅使者以死亡，此非華原所懼也。」 泰乃遣之。 基還，言「泰雄傑，請及其未定擊滅之。」 歡曰：「卿不見賀拔、侯莫陳乎！ 吾當以計拱手取之。」
Gao Huan again dispatched Hou Jing with Palace Attendant Zhang Huayuan of Dai commandery and Administrator Wang Ji of Tai'an in Yining to console Tai. Tai would not accept and wished to detain them by force, saying, "Stay and we share wealth and honor; otherwise your lives end today." In sum, Huayuan said, "My lord wishes to coerce envoys with death—this is not what Huayuan fears." Yuwen Tai then dispatched them off. In sum, When Ji returned he said, "Tai is a hero; strike and destroy him before he is settled." Gao Huan said, "Have you not seen Heba and Hou Mo Chen! I shall take them with a plan, hands empty, the annals record."
43
13魏主聞岳死，遣武衛將軍元毘慰勞岳軍，召還洛陽，並召侯莫陳悅。 毘至平涼，軍中已奉宇文泰為主； 悅既附丞相歡，不肯應召。 泰因元毘上表稱：「臣岳忽罹非命，都督寇洛等令臣權掌軍事。 奉詔召岳軍入京，今高歡之眾已至河東，侯莫陳悅猶在水洛，士卒多是西人，顧戀鄉邑，若逼令赴闕，悅躡其後，歡邀其前，恐敗國殄民，所損更甚。 乞少賜停緩，徐事誘導，漸就東引。」 魏主乃以泰為大都督，即統岳軍。
The Wei emperor heard of Heba Yue's death and dispatched Military Guard General Yuan Pi to console Heba Yue's army, summoning them back to Luoyang, and also summoned Hou Mo Chen Yue. In sum, When Pi reached Pingliang, the army had already made Yuwen Tai their leader; Hou Mo Chen Yue, having attached himself to Chancellor Huan, would not answer the summons, the annals record. Yuwen Tai then had Yuan Pi memorialize, saying, "Your servant Heba Yue suddenly met violent death; Supervisor Kou Luo and others ordered your servant to hold military affairs provisionally. We received an edict summoning Heba Yue's army to the capital. Now Gao Huan's host has reached Hedong and Hou Mo Chen Yue is still at Shuilo. Most soldiers are westerners who long for their native districts. If forced to the court, Hou Mo Chen Yue will tread on their rear and Huan will bar their front—we fear the state will be ruined and the people destroyed, and the loss will be still greater, the annals record. In sum, We beg a little delay and gentle guidance, gradually drawing them east." The Wei emperor then made Tai Grand Commander and he immediately took command of Heba Yue's army.
44
14初，岳以東雍州刺史李虎為左廂大都督，岳死，虎奔荊州，說賀拔勝使收岳眾，勝不從。 虎聞宇文泰代岳統眾，乃自荊州還赴之。 至閿鄉，為丞相歡別將所獲，送洛陽。 魏主方謀取關中，得虎甚喜，拜衛將軍，厚賜之，使就泰。 虎，歆之玄孫也。
Before this, Heba Yue had made Li Hu, inspector of Eastern Yongzhou, Grand Commander of the Left Wing. When Heba Yue died, Hu fled to Jingzhou and urged Heba Sheng to gather Heba Yue's host; Sheng would not. Hu heard that Yuwen Tai had replaced Heba Yue in commanding the army and came back from Jingzhou to join him. At Wenxiang he was seized by a detached commander of Chancellor Huan and dispatched to Luoyang. The Wei emperor was then plotting to take Guanzhong; obtaining Hu he was greatly pleased, made him Military Guard General, gave him rich gifts, and dispatched him on to Tai. Hu was a great-grandson of Xin, the annals record.
45
15泰與悅書，責以「賀拔公有大功於朝廷。 君名微行薄，賀拔公薦君為隴右行台。 又高氏專權，君與賀拔公同受密旨，屢結盟約； 而君黨附國賊，共危宗廟，口血未乾，匕首已發。 今吾與君皆受詔還闕，今日進退，唯君是視：君若下隴東邁，吾亦自北道同歸； 若首鼠兩端，吾則指日相見！」
Yuwen Tai wrote Hou Mo Chen Yue reproaching him: "Lord Heba had great merit toward the court. Your name is slight and your conduct thin; Lord Heba recommended you as mobile headquarters of Longyou, the annals record. In sum, Moreover the Gao clan monopolizes power; you and Lord Heba together received secret orders and repeatedly swore alliance; yet you sided with the state's enemy and together endangered the altars of soil and grain—the blood of the oath was not dry before the dagger struck, the annals record. In sum, Now you and I both received orders to return to the court. Today whether we advance or retreat depends on you alone: if you descend Long and march east, I too will return by the northern road; In sum, if you waver between two sides, I shall meet you within days!"
46
16魏主問泰以安秦、隴之策，泰表言：「宜召悅授以內官，或處以瓜、涼一籓； 不然，終為後患。」
The Wei emperor asked Tai for a plan to settle Qin and Long. Tai memorialized, "Hou Mo Chen Yue should be summoned and given an inner post, or placed in a fief of Guazhou or Liangzhou; otherwise he will be a trouble in the end. Otherwise it will surely become a future calamity, the annals record."
47
17原州刺史史歸，素為賀拔岳所親任，河曲之變，反為悅守。 悅遣其黨王伯和、成次安將兵二千助歸鎮原州，泰遣都督侯莫陳崇帥輕騎一千襲之。 崇乘夜將十騎直抵城下，餘眾皆伏於近路； 歸見騎少，不設備。 崇即入，據城門，高平令隴西李賢及弟遠穆在城中，為崇內應。 於是中外鼓噪，伏兵悉起，遂擒歸及次安、伯和等歸於平涼。 泰表崇行原州事； 三月，泰引兵擊悅，至原州，眾軍畢集。
Hou Mo Chen Yue dispatched his partisans Wang Bohe and Cheng Ci'an with two thousand men to help Gui hold Yuanzhou. Tai dispatched Supervisor Hou Mo Chen Chong with a thousand light horse to strike them. Chong by night commanded ten horse straight to the foot of the wall; the rest of the army lay in ambush on nearby roads. Gui, seeing few horsemen, made no preparations, the annals record. Shi Gui, seeing so few horsemen, made no preparations, the annals record. Chong entered at once and held the gate. Li Xian, magistrate of Gaoping in Longxi, and his younger brother Yuanmu, who were inside the city, acted as Chong's allies within the walls. Thereupon inside and outside raised a clamor; the ambush all rose, and they took Gui and Ci'an, Bohe, and the rest and returned to Pingliang. Yuwen Tai memorialized that Chong should administer Yuanzhou as acting inspector. In the fourth month of summer, on the first day guichou, there was a solar eclipse, the annals record.
48
18夏四月癸丑朔，日有食之。
In the fourth month of summer, on the first day guichou, there was a solar eclipse, the annals record.
49
19魏南秦州刺史隴西李弼說侯莫陳悅曰：「賀拔公無罪而公害之，又不撫納其眾，今奉宇文夏州以來，聲言為主報仇，此其勢不可敵也，宜解兵謝之！ 不然，必及禍。」 悅不從。
“In sum, Otherwise you will surely meet disaster. In sum, Otherwise you will surely meet disaster." Hou Mo Chen Yue refused to listen.
50
20宇文泰引兵上隴，留兄子導為都督，鎮原州。 泰軍令嚴肅，秋毫無犯，百姓大悅。 軍出木狹關，雪深二尺，泰倍道兼行，出其不意。 悅聞之，退保略陽，留萬人守水洛。 泰至，水洛即降。 泰遣輕騎數百趣略陽，悅退保上邽，召李弼與之拒泰。 弼知悅必敗，陰遣使詣泰，請為內應。 悅棄州城，南保山險，弼謂所部曰：「侯莫陳公欲還秦州，汝輩何不裝束！」 弼妻，悅之姨也，眾咸信之，爭趣上邽。 弼先據城門以安集之，遂舉城降泰，泰即以弼為秦州刺史。 其夜，悅出軍將戰，軍自驚潰。 悅性猜忌，既敗，不聽左右近己，與其二弟並子及謀殺岳者七八人棄軍迸走。 數日之中，槃桓往來，不知所趣。 左右勸向靈州依曹泥，悅從之。 自乘騾，令左右皆步從，欲自山中趣靈州。 宇文泰使原州都督賀拔穎追之，悅望見追騎，縊死於野。
Yuwen Tai commanded troops up Long, leaving his nephew Dao as supervisor to hold Yuanzhou. Tai's army discipline was severe; not a hair was harmed, and the people were greatly pleased, the annals record. The army issued through Muxia Pass; snow was two feet deep. Tai marched day and night by double stages and took them unawares, the annals record. When Hou Mo Chen Yue heard, he withdrew to hold Luoyang and left ten thousand men to guard Shuilo, the annals record. When Tai arrived, Shuilo submitted at once. Yuwen Tai dispatched several hundred light horse to hurry toward Luoyang. Hou Mo Chen Yue withdrew to hold Shanggui and summoned Li Bi to resist Tai with him. Bi knew Hou Mo Chen Yue would surely be defeated and secretly dispatched envoys to Tai asking to be an agent within. Hou Mo Chen Yue abandoned the prefectural city and withdrew south to rugged hills. Bi told his troops, "Lord Hou Mo Chen wishes to return to Qinzhou—why do you not pack up!" Bi's wife was Hou Mo Chen Yue's aunt; all trusted him and vied to hurry to Shanggui, the annals record. Bi first seized the city gates to calm and gather them, then submitted the whole city to Tai; Tai immediately made Bi inspector of Qinzhou. That night Hou Mo Chen Yue commanded troops out to give battle; the army panicked and collapsed of itself. Hou Mo Chen Yue was suspicious by nature. After defeat he refused to listen to those close to him; with his two younger brothers, his sons, and seven or eight who had plotted Heba Yue's murder he abandoned the army and fled. For several days he wandered back and forth, not knowing where to go, the annals record. Those at his side urged him to go to Lingzhou and rely on Cao Ni; Hou Mo Chen Yue agreed, the annals record. He himself rode a mule and ordered all attendants to follow on foot, intending to reach Lingzhou through the mountains, the annals record. Yuwen Tai dispatched Heba Ying, supervisor of Yuanzhou, in pursuit. When Hou Mo Chen Yue saw the pursuing horse, he hanged himself in the wild.
51
21泰入上邽，引薛□為記室參軍。 收悅府庫，財物山積，泰秋毫不取，皆以賞士卒； 左右竊一銀甕以歸，泰知而罪之，即剖賜將士。
Yuwen Tai entered Shanggui and took Xue Que as recorder in the headquarters. In sum, He seized Hou Mo Chen Yue's treasury; goods piled like mountains. Tai took not a whit in autumn and gave all to reward the soldiers; an attendant stole a silver jar and took it home. When Tai learned of it he punished him and immediately cut it up to give the generals and soldiers.
52
22悅黨豳州刺史孫定兒據州不下，有眾數萬，泰遣都督中山劉亮襲之。 定兒以大軍遠，不為備； 亮先豎一纛於近城高嶺，自將二十騎馳入城。 定兒方置酒，眾猝見亮至，駭愕，不知所為，亮麾兵斬定兒，遙指城外纛，命二騎曰：「出召大軍！」 城中皆懾服，莫敢動。
Hou Mo Chen Yue's partisan Sun Ding'er, inspector of Binzhou, held the province and would not submit, with a host of tens of thousands. Tai dispatched Liu Liang of Zhongshan to strike him. Ding'er, since the great army was far off, made no preparations; Liang first raised a banner on a high ridge near the city, then himself commanded twenty horse galloping into the city. In sum, Ding'er was just setting out wine. The host, suddenly seeing Liang arrive, were startled and did not know what to do. Liang waved his troops to behead Ding'er, pointed afar at the banner outside the city, and ordered two horsemen, saying, "Go summon the great army!" All in the city were cowed and submitted; none dared move, the annals record.
53
23先是，故氐王楊紹先乘魏亂逃歸武興，復稱王。 涼州刺史李叔仁為其民所執，氐、羌、吐谷渾所在蜂起，自南岐至瓜、鄯，跨州據郡者不可勝數。 宇文泰令李弼鎮原州，夏州刺史拔也惡蚝鎮南秦州，渭州刺史可朱渾道元鎮渭州，衛將軍趙貴行秦州事，征豳、涇、東秦、岐四州之粟以給軍。 楊紹先懼，稱籓，送妻子為質。
Before this, the former Di king Yang Shaoxian, taking advantage of Wei disorder, had fled back to Wuxing and again styled himself king. Inspector Li Shuren of Liangzhou was seized by his people. Di, Qiang, and Tuyuhun rose everywhere like bees; from Southern Qi to Guazhou and Shazhou, those who held provinces and commanderies across the land were beyond counting, the annals record. Yuwen Tai ordered Li Bi to hold Yuanzhou, Baye Ehao to hold Southern Qinzhou, Kezhuhun Daoyuan to hold Weizhou, Military Guard General Zhao Gui to act for Qinzhou, and levied grain from Bin, Jing, Eastern Qin, and Qi to supply the army, the annals record. Yang Shaoxian was afraid, submitted as vassal, and dispatched wife and children as hostages.
54
24夏州長史於謹言於泰曰：「明公據關中險固之地，將士驍勇，土地膏腴。 今天子在洛，迫於群凶，若陳明公之懇誠，算時事之利害，請都關右，挾天子以令諸侯，奉王命以討暴亂，此桓、文之業，千載一時也！」 泰善之。 丞相歡聞泰定秦、隴，遣使甘言厚禮以結之，泰不受，封其書，使都督濟北張軌獻於魏主。 斛斯椿問軌曰：「高歡逆謀，行路皆知之。 人情所恃，唯在西方，未知宇文何如賀拔！」 軌曰：「宇文公文足經國，武能定亂。」 椿曰：「誠如君言，真可恃也。」
Chief Clerk Yu Jin of Xia province told Tai, "My lord holds the secure and strategic land of Guanzhong; officers and soldiers are fierce; the soil is rich. In sum, The Son of Heaven is at Luoyang, pressed by evil men. If you set forth my lord's sincere intent and reckon the gains and losses of the times, ask to move the capital to the right of Pass, hold the Son of Heaven to command the feudal lords, and obey the royal mandate to punish violence—this is the achievement of Duke Huan and Duke Wen; a moment in a thousand years!" Tai approved. Gao Huan heard that Tai had settled Qin and Long and dispatched envoys with sweet words and rich gifts to win him. Tai would not accept, sealed the letter, and had Supervisor Zhang Gui of Jibei present it to the Wei sovereign. Husu Chun asked Gui, "Gao Huan's rebellious design is known to travelers on every road, the annals record. In sum, Men's hopes rest only on the west; it is not known how Yuwen compares with Heba!" In sum, Gui said, "Lord Yuwen's writing suffices to order the state; his martial ability can settle disorder." Husu Chun said, "Truly as you say—he can indeed be relied on."
55
25魏主命泰發二千騎鎮東雍州，助為勢援，仍命泰稍引軍而東。 泰以大都督武川梁御為雍州刺史，使將步騎五千前行。 先是，丞相歡遣其都督太安韓軌將兵一萬據蒲板以救侯莫陳悅，凝州刺史賈顯度以舟迎之。 梁御見顯度，說使從泰，顯度即出迎御，御入據長安。 魏主以泰為侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、關西大都督、略陽縣公，承製封拜。 泰乃以寇洛為涇州刺史，李弼為秦州刺史，前略陽太守張獻為南岐州刺史。 南岐州刺史盧待伯不受代，泰遣輕騎襲而擒之。
The Wei emperor ordered Tai to send two thousand horse to garrison Eastern Yongzhou as a supporting force and also ordered Tai gradually to lead troops east. Yuwen Tai made Liang Yu of Wuchuan inspector of Yongzhou and had him lead five thousand foot and horse ahead. Before this, Chancellor Huan had dispatched his supervisor Han Gui of Tai'an with ten thousand troops to hold Puban to rescue Hou Mo Chen Yue; Inspector Jia Xiandu of Ningzhou received him with boats. When Liang Yu saw Xiandu, he persuaded him to follow Tai; Xiandu immediately came out to welcome Yu, and Yu entered and held Chang'an. The Wei emperor made Tai Palace Attendant, Grand General Who Campaigns on Horseback, Bearer of the Staff with Equal Rank to the Three Dukes, Grand Commander of Guanxi, and Duke of Lueyang, with authority to enfeoff and appoint by provisional edict. Yuwen Tai then made Kou Luo inspector of Jingzhou, Li Bi inspector of Qinzhou, and former Administrator Zhang Xian of Lueyang inspector of Southern Qi. Lu Daibo, inspector of Southern Qi, would not accept replacement; Tai dispatched light horse in a surprise attack and took him.
56
26侍中封隆之言於丞相歡曰：「斛斯椿等今在京師，必構禍亂。」 隆之與僕射孫騰爭尚魏主妹平原公主，公主歸隆之，騰洩其言於椿，椿以白帝。 隆之懼，逃還鄉里，歡召隆之詣晉陽。 會騰帶仗入省，擅殺御史，懼罪，亦逃就歡。 領軍婁昭辭疾歸晉陽。 帝以斛斯椿兼領軍，改置都督及河南、關西諸刺史。 華山王鷙在徐州，歡使大都督邸珍奪其管鑰。 建州刺史韓賢，濟州刺史蔡俊，皆歡黨也。 帝省建州以去賢，使御史舉俊罪，以汝陽王叔昭代之。 歡上言：「俊勳重，不可解奪； 汝陽懿德，當受大籓； 臣弟永寶，猥任定州，宜避賢路。」 帝不聽。
Palace Attendant Feng Longzhi told Chancellor Huan, "Husu Chun and the others are now in the capital and will surely stir up calamity and disorder." Longzhi and Vice Director Sun Teng vied to marry the emperor's younger sister the Princess of Pingyuan; the princess went to Longzhi, and Teng leaked his words to Chun, who reported to the emperor, the annals record. Longzhi was afraid, fled to his home district, and Huan summoned Longzhi to Jinyang, the annals record. At that time Teng entered the Secretariat bearing arms and on his own authority killed a censor. Fearing punishment, he too fled to Huan, the annals record. Commander of the Guards Lou Zhao pleaded illness and returned to Jinyang, the annals record. The sovereign made Husu Chun also Commander of the Guards and reorganized supervisors and the inspectors of Henan and Guanxi. Prince Zhi of Huashan was at Xuzhou; Huan dispatched Grand Commander Di Zhen to seize his keys of office. Inspector Han Xian of Jianzhou and Inspector Cai Jun of Jizhou were both Huan's partisans, the annals record. The sovereign abolished Jianzhou to remove Xian and had the censorate impeach Jun, replacing him with Prince Shuzhao of Ruyang. Gao Huan memorialized, saying, "Jun's merit is weighty and cannot be removed from office; In sum, Ruyang has virtuous conduct and should receive a great fief; In sum, my younger brother Yongbao unworthily holds Dingzhou and ought to yield the path for the worthy." The emperor refused to listen.
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27五月丙子，魏主增置勳府庶子，廂別六百人； 又增騎官，廂別二百人。
In sum, On bingzi in the fifth month, the Wei sovereign added aides in the Merit Office, six hundred per wing; he also added cavalry officers, two hundred per wing, the annals record.
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28魏主欲伐晉陽，辛卯，下詔戒嚴，雲欲自將伐梁。 發河南諸州兵，大閱於洛陽，南臨洛水，北際邙山，帝戎服與斛斯椿臨觀之。
The Wei emperor wished to attack Jinyang. On xinmao he issued an edict putting the realm on alert, saying he would personally lead a campaign against Liang. He mobilized troops from the provinces of Henan, held a great review at Luoyang, south facing the Luo River and north reaching Mount Mang; the emperor in martial dress watched with Husu Chun, the annals record.
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29六月丁巳，魏主密詔丞相歡，稱「宇文黑獺、賀拔勝頗有異志，故假稱南伐，潛為之備； 王亦宜共為形援。 讀訖燔之。」 歡表以為「荊、雍將有逆謀，臣今潛勒兵馬三萬，自河東渡，又遣恆州刺史庫狄乾等將兵四萬自來違津渡，領軍將軍婁昭等將兵五萬以討荊州，冀州刺史尉景等將山東兵五萬、突騎五萬以討江左，皆勒所部，伏聽處分。」 帝知歡覺其變，乃出歡表，令群臣議之，欲止歡軍。 歡亦集并州僚佐共議，還以表聞，仍云：「臣為嬖佞所間，陛下一旦賜疑。 臣若敢負陛下，使身受天殃，子孫殄絕。 陛下若垂信赤心，使干戈不動，佞臣一二人願斟量廢出。」
On dingsi in the sixth month the Wei sovereign secretly instructed Chancellor Huan, saying, "Yuwen Heitai and Heba Sheng harbor rebellious intent; therefore under pretense of southern campaign I secretly prepare against them, the annals record. The king too ought jointly to be a visible support, the annals record. In sum, When read, burn it." Huan memorialized in reply that "Jing and Yong will have a rebellious plot. I now secretly arrays thirty thousand troops to cross from Hedong, and also sends Kudi Gan of Hengzhou and others with forty thousand troops to cross from Laiwei Ford, Commander of the Guards Lou Zhao and others with fifty thousand to campaign against Jingzhou, and Inspector Wei Jing and others with fifty thousand Shandong troops and fifty thousand shock cavalry to campaign against the Jiang left—all drilling their commands and awaiting orders." The emperor knew Huan had perceived his change; he therefore produced Huan's memorial, had the hundred officials debate it, and wished to stop Huan's army, the annals record. Gao Huan also gathered his staff in Bingzhou to debate, reported back by memorial, and still said, "Your servant was set at odds by favorites; Your Majesty one morning bestowed suspicion. If your servant dared betray Your Majesty, may my person suffer Heaven's calamity and my sons and grandsons be extinguished, the annals record. In sum, If Your Majesty will extend trust to a loyal heart and keep weapons still, one or two slanderous ministers your servant wishes measured and removed."
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30丁卯，帝使大都督源子恭守陽胡，汝陽王暹守石濟，又以儀同三司賈顯智為濟州刺史，帥豫州刺史斛斯元壽東趣濟州。 元壽，椿之弟也。 蔡俊不受代，帝愈怒，辛未，帝復錄洛中文武議意以答歡，且使舍人溫子升為敕賜歡曰：「朕不勞尺刃，坐為天子，所謂生我者父母，貴我者高王。 今若無事背王，規相攻討，則使身及子孫，還如王誓。 近慮宇文為亂，賀拔應之，故戒嚴，欲與王俱為聲援。 今觀其所為，更無異跡。 東南不賓，為日已久，今天下戶口減半，未宜窮兵極武。 朕既闇昧，不知佞人為誰。 頃高乾之死，豈獨朕意！ 王忽對昂言兄枉死，人之耳目何易可輕！ 如聞庫狄干語王云：『本欲取懦弱者為主，無事立此長君，使其不可駕御。 今但作十五日行，自可廢之，更立餘者。』 如此議論，自是王間勳人，豈出佞臣之口！ 去歲封隆之叛，今年孫騰逃去，不罪不送，誰不怪王！ 王若事君盡誠，何不斬送二首！ 王雖啟云『西去』，而四道俱進，或欲南度洛陽，或欲東臨江左，言之者猶應自怪，聞之者寧能不疑！ 王若晏然居北，在此雖有百萬之眾，終無圖彼之心； 王若舉旗南指，縱無匹馬只輪，猶欲奮空拳而爭死。 朕本寡德，王已立之。 百姓無知，或謂實可。 若為他人所圖，則彰朕之惡； 假令還為王殺，幽辱齏粉，了無遺恨！ 本望君臣一體，若合符契，不圖今日分疏至此！」
"On dingmao the emperor dispatched Grand Commander Yuan Zigong to hold Yanghu, Prince Xian of Ruyang to hold Shiji, and also made Jia Xianzhi of Bearer rank Commissioner of Jizhou, leading Inspector Husu Yuanshou of Yuzhou east toward Jizhou. Yuanshou was Chun's younger brother, the annals record. Cai Jun would not accept replacement; the emperor grew still angrier. On xinwei the emperor again recorded the views of civil and military officials at Luoyang to answer Huan, and had Gentleman of the Palace Wen Zisheng draft an imperial letter to Huan, saying, "We did not toil with a foot of blade yet sat as Son of Heaven—so the saying goes, those who gave us life are parents, those who honor us are the King of Gao, the annals record. If now without cause we turn against the king and plot mutual attack, may our person and sons and grandsons return as in the king's oath, the annals record. Lately, fearing disorder from Yuwen, with Heba responding, we therefore put the realm on alert and wished jointly with the king to be a sounding support, the annals record. Now observing their conduct, there is no other trace, the annals record. The southeast has long not submitted; today the realm's households are halved—we ought not exhaust arms to the limit, the annals record. We are ourselves dim; we do not know who the slanderers are, the annals record. In sum, The recent death of Gao Gan—was it only our intent! In sum, The king suddenly told Ang that your elder brother died wrongfully—how easily men's eyes and ears may be misled! We hear Kudi Gan told the king, "We originally wished to take a weakling as sovereign; without cause we set up this elder lord, making him unmanageable, the annals record. In sum, Now if we march only fifteen days, we can depose him and set up another." In sum, Such talk is surely among the king's meritorious men—how could it come from slanderers' mouths! Last year Feng Longzhi rebelled; this year Sun Teng fled—neither punished nor dispatched back; who does not wonder at the king! In sum, If the king serves the ruler with full loyalty, why not behead and send the two heads! In sum, Though the king reports "going west," four routes advance together—perhaps wishing to cross south to Luoyang, perhaps wishing to press east to the Jiang left. Those who speak of it should themselves find it strange; those who hear must doubt! In sum, If the king sits calmly in the north, here though there be a million men, in the end there is no mind to scheme against him; if the king raises his banner south, though there be not a horse or wheel, we still wish to strike with empty fists and fight to the death, the annals record. We were originally of meager virtue; the king already set us up, the annals record. The people are without understanding; some say it was truly possible, the annals record. In sum, If others scheme against us, then our wickedness is shown; In sum, even if we should in turn be killed by the king, hidden shame and crushed powder—we would have no regret! In sum, We originally hoped ruler and minister would be one body, as if tally halves matched—we did not think today we would be estranged to this point!"
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31中軍將軍王思政言於魏主曰：「高歡之心，昭然可知。 洛陽非用武之地，宇文泰乃心王室，今往就之，還復舊京，何慮不克？」 帝深然之，遣散騎侍郎河東柳慶見泰於高平，共論時事。 泰請奉迎輿駕，慶覆命。 帝復私謂慶曰：「朕欲向荊州，何如？」 慶曰：「關中形勝，宇文泰才略可依。 荊州地非要害，南迫梁寇，臣愚，未見其可。」 帝又問閣內都督宇文顯和，顯和亦勸帝西幸。 時帝廣徵州郡兵，東郡太守河東裴俠帥所部詣洛陽，王思政問曰：「今權臣擅命，王室日卑，奈何？」 俠曰：「宇文泰為三軍所推，居百二之地，所謂己操戈矛，寧肯授人以柄！ 雖欲投之，恐無異避湯入火也。」 思政曰：「然則如何而可？」 俠曰：「圖歡有立至之憂，西巡有將來之慮。 且至關右，徐思其宜耳。」 思政然之，乃進俠於帝，授左中郎將。
" Military Guard General Wang Sizheng told the Wei sovereign, "Gao Huan's heart is clear as if seen in daylight. In sum, Luoyang is not ground for wielding troops. Yuwen Tai is loyal at heart to the royal house; if we go to him now and restore the old capital, what worry that we cannot succeed?" The sovereign deeply agreed and dispatched Gentleman of the Palace Liu Qing of Hedong to see Tai at Gaoping to discuss the times together. Yuwen Tai asked to welcome the imperial carriage; Qing returned with the reply. The sovereign again said privately to Qing, "We wish to go to Jingzhou—how would that be?" Qing replied, "Guanzhong's terrain is superior; Yuwen Tai's talent and plans may be relied on. Jingzhou is not a vital region; it presses on the Liang invaders to the south. I is dull and does not see how it would do." The emperor also asked Inner-guard Supervisor Yuwen Xianhe; Xianhe too urged the emperor to go west, the annals record. At that time the emperor widely mobilized troops from provinces and commanderies. Pei Xia, administrator of Hedong in Dong commandery, commanded his command to Luoyang. Wang Sizheng asked, "Today the powerful minister monopolizes orders and the royal house daily declines—what is to be done?" Pei Xia said, "Yuwen Tai is pushed by the three armies and holds the land of a hundred-two; as the saying goes, having taken up spear himself, how would he hand the hilt to another! In sum, Though one wished to go to him, I fear it would be no different from fleeing fire into boiling water." Wang Sizheng said, "Then what can be done?" Pei Xia said, "Plotting against Huan brings immediate worry; a western tour has future concern. In sum, Moreover, reach the right of Pass first and slowly consider what is fitting." Sizheng agreed and presented Xia to the emperor, appointing him Left Leader of the Palace Gentlemen, the annals record.
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32初，丞相歡以為洛陽久經喪亂，欲遷都於鄴，帝曰：「高祖定鼎河、洛，為萬世之基； 王既功存社稷，宜遵太和舊事。」 歡乃止。 至是復謀遷都，遣三千騎鎮建興，益河東及濟州兵，擁諸州和糴粟，悉運入鄴城。 帝又敕歡曰：「王若厭伏人情，杜絕物議，唯有歸河東之兵，罷建興之戍，送相州之粟，追濟州之軍。 使蔡俊受代，邸珍出徐，止戈散馬，各事家業，脫須糧廩，別遣轉輸。 則讒人結舌，疑悔不生，王高枕太原，朕垂拱京洛矣。 王若馬首南向，問鼎輕重，朕雖不武，為社稷宗廟之計，欲止不能。 決在於王，非朕能定，為山止簣，相為惜之。」 歡上表極言宇文泰、斛斯椿罪惡。
Before this, Chancellor Huan thought Luoyang had long suffered disorder and wished to move the capital to Ye. The emperor said, "Emperor Gaozu fixed the tripod at the He and Luo as the foundation for ten thousand generations; In sum, the king has preserved the altars of state in merit and ought to follow the old affairs of the Taihe era." Huan then stopped. He now again plotted to move the capital, dispatched three thousand horse to garrison Jianxing, increased Hedong and Jizhou troops, gathered grain purchased at fair price from all provinces, and transported it all into Ye city. The sovereign also instructed Huan, saying, "If the king wishes to quiet popular sentiment and cut off public talk, there is only returning the Hedong troops, disbanding the Jianxing garrison, sending Xiangzhou grain, recalling Jizhou armies, having Cai Jun accept replacement, Di Zhen leave Xuzhou, halting weapons and scattering horses so each attends his own livelihood, drawing only what grain is needed from the granaries and sending other transport separately, the annals record. Then slanderers will hold their tongues, doubt and regret will not arise, the king may rest high pillows in Taiyuan, and We shall fold arms in the capital at Luoyang, the annals record. If the king turns his horse's head south and weighs who holds the tripod, though We are not martial, for the altars of state and the ancestral temples We wish to stop but cannot, the annals record. In sum, The decision lies with the king, not with Us to fix—'to stop a mountain one basket short'—let us pity each other." Huan memorialized vehemently listing the crimes of Yuwen Tai and Husu Chun, the annals record.
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32帝以廣寧太守廣寧任祥兼尚書左僕射，加開府儀同三司，祥棄官走，度河，據郡待歡。 帝乃敕文武官北來者任其去留，遂下制書數歡咎惡，召賀拔勝赴行在所。 勝以問太保掾范陽盧柔，柔曰：「高歡悖逆，公席捲赴都，與決勝負，死生以之，上策也； 北阻魯陽，南並舊楚，東連兗、豫，西引關中，帶甲百萬，觀釁而動，中策也； 舉三荊之地，庇身於梁，功名皆去，下策也。」 勝笑而不應。
The sovereign made Ren Xiang of Guangning, administrator of Guangning, concurrent Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, with Bearer of the Staff rank; Xiang abandoned office and fled, crossed the river, and held his commandery awaiting Huan. The sovereign then ordered civil and military officials who had come from the north to go or stay as they wished, issued a proclamation listing Huan's faults, and summoned Heba Sheng to the emperor's traveling residence. Sheng asked Grand Tutor Staff Member Lu Rou of Fanyang. Rou said, "Gao Huan is rebellious. Your Grace should sweep to the capital, decide victory or defeat with him, and stake life on it—that is the upper plan; In sum, block Luyang in the north, join the old Chu in the south, link Yan and Yu in the east, draw Guanzhong in the west, with a million armored men watch for openings and move—that is the middle plan; In sum, raise the three Jing provinces, shelter yourself in Liang, fame and merit all gone—that is the lower plan." Sheng smiled and did not answer, the annals record.
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33帝以宇文泰兼尚書僕射，為關西大行台，許妻以馮翊長公主，謂泰帳內都督秦郡楊薦曰：「卿歸語行台，遣騎迎我。」 以薦為直閣將軍。 泰以前秦州刺史駱超為大都督，將輕騎一千赴洛，又遣薦與長史宇文測出關候接。
The sovereign made Yuwen Tai concurrent Vice Director of the Masters of Writing and Grand Commissioner of Guanxi, promised him marriage to the eldest princess of Fengyi, and told Tai's tent supervisor Yang Jian of Qin commandery, "You return and tell the mobile headquarters to send horse to welcome Us." He made Jian a Direct Attendant, the annals record. Yuwen Tai made former Qinzhou inspector Luo Chao Grand Commander and dispatched a thousand light horse to Luoyang; he also dispatched Jian and Chief Clerk Yuwen Ce out of the pass to meet and receive.
65
34丞相歡召其弟定州刺史琛使守晉陽，命長史崔暹佐之。 暹，挺之族孫也。 歡勒兵南出，告其眾曰：「孤以爾朱擅命，建大義於海內，奉戴主上，誠貫幽明； 橫為斛斯椿讒構，以忠為逆，今者南邁，誅椿而已。」 以高敖曹為前鋒。 宇文泰亦移檄州郡，數歡罪惡，自將大軍發高平，前軍屯弘農。 賀拔勝軍於汝水。
Gao Huan summoned his younger brother Chen, inspector of Dingzhou, to hold Jinyang and ordered Chief Clerk Cui Xian to assist him. Xian was a clansman several generations removed from Ting, the annals record. Gao Huan commanded troops south and told his host, "I raised great righteousness within the seas against the Erzhu for seizing power, bore the Son of Heaven on high with sincerity penetrating dark and bright; In sum, I have been slandered by Husu Chun and turned loyal into rebellion. Today's march south is only to execute Chun." He made Gao Aocao vanguard, the annals record. Yuwen Tai also circulated a proclamation through provinces and commanderies counting Huan's crimes, himself commanded a great army from Gaoping, and advanced troops encamped at Hongnong. Heba Sheng encamped along the Ru River, the annals record.
66
35秋七月己丑，魏主親勒兵十餘萬屯河橋，以斛斯椿為前驅，陳於邙山之北。 椿請帥精騎二千夜度河掩其勞弊，帝始然之。 黃門侍郎楊寬說帝曰：「高歡以臣伐君，何所不至！ 今假兵於人，恐生它變。 椿若度河，萬一有功，是滅一高歡，生一高歡矣。」 帝遂敕椿停行，椿歎曰：「頃熒惑入南斗，今上信左右間構，不用吾計，豈天道乎！」 宇文泰聞之，謂左右曰：「高歡數日行八九百里，此兵家所忌，當乘便擊之。 而主上以萬乘之重，不能度河決戰，方緣津據守。 且長河萬里，捍御為難。 若一處得度，大事去矣。」 即以大都督趙貴為別道行台，自蒲板濟，趣并州，遣大都督李賢將精騎一千赴洛陽。
In autumn, the seventh month, on jichou, the Wei sovereign personally commanded more than a hundred thousand troops and encamped at Heqiao, with Husu Chun as vanguard, arrayed north of Mount Mang. Chun asked to lead two thousand picked horse by night across the river to strike their weary troops; the emperor at first agreed, the annals record. Gentleman of the Yellow Gate Yang Kuan told the emperor, "Gao Huan as subject attacking ruler—what would he not do! To lend troops to others now may breed other changes, the annals record. In sum, If Chun crosses the river and by chance succeeds, that is destroying one Gao Huan and begetting another Gao Huan." The sovereign then ordered Chun to halt. Chun sighed, "Recently Mars entered the Southern Dipper; now the sovereign trusts slander from those at his side and will not use my plan—is this Heaven's way!" Once Yuwen Tai heard, he told those at his side, "Gao Huan marches eight or nine hundred li in several days—this is what military strategists fear; we ought to seize the moment and strike. Yet the sovereign with the weight of ten thousand chariots cannot cross the river for a decisive battle and only holds the ford and defends, the annals record. Moreover the long river is ten thousand li—defense is hard, the annals record. In sum, If they get across at one place, the great affair is lost." He immediately made Zhao Gui mobile headquarters on a separate route, crossed from Puban toward Bingzhou, and dispatched Li Xian with a thousand picked horse to Luoyang.
67
36帝使斛斯椿與行台長孫稚、大都督穎川王斌之鎮虎牢，行台長孫子彥鎮陝，賈顯智、斛斯元壽鎮滑台。 斌之，鑒之弟； 子彥，稚之子也。 歡使相州刺史竇泰趣滑台，建州刺史韓賢趣石濟。 竇泰與顯智遇於長壽津，顯智陰約降於歡，引軍退。 軍司元玄覺之，馳還，請益師，帝遣大都督侯鰤紹赴之，戰於滑台東，顯智以軍降，紹戰死。 北中郎將田怙為歡內應，歡潛軍至野王，帝知之，斬怙。 歡至河北十餘里，再遣使口申誠款； 帝不報。 丙午，歡引軍度河。
The sovereign dispatched Husu Chun with Mobile Headquarters Changsun Zhi and Grand Commander Wang Binzhi of Yingchuan to hold Hulao, Changsun Ziyan to hold Shaan, Jia Xianzhi and Husu Yuanshou to hold Huatai. Binzhi was a younger brother of Jian, the annals record. In sum, Ziyan was Zhi's son. Gao Huan dispatched Inspector Dou Tai to hurry to Huatai and Inspector Han Xian to hurry to Shiji. Dou Tai met Xianzhi at Changshou Ford; Xianzhi secretly agreed to surrender to Huan and commanded his army back. Army Supervisor Yuan Xuan perceived it, galloped back, and asked for more troops. The emperor dispatched Grand Commander Hou Shao to help; they fought east of Huatai. Xianzhi submitted his army with flags; Shao died in battle. Northern Center General Tian Yi was Huan's agent within. Huan secretly commanded troops to Wild King; the emperor learned and beheaded Yi. Gao Huan reached within ten-odd li north of the river and again dispatched envoys orally declaring sincere intent; the emperor did not reply. The sovereign did not reply. On bingwu, Huan commanded his army across the river.
68
37魏主問計於群臣，或欲奔梁，或雲南依賀拔勝，或云西就關中，或云守洛口死戰，計未決。 元斌之與斛斯椿爭權，棄椿還，紿帝云：「高歡兵已至！」 丁未，帝遣使召椿還，遂帥南陽王寶炬、清河王但、廣陽王湛以五千騎宿於瀍西，南陽王別捨沙門惠臻負璽持千牛刀以從。 眾知帝將西出，其夜，亡者過半，但、湛亦逃歸。 湛，深之子也。 武衛將軍雲中獨孤信單騎追帝，帝歎曰：「將軍辭父母、捐妻子而來，『世亂識忠臣』，豈虛言也！」 戊申，帝西奔長安，李賢遇帝於崤中。 己酉，歡入洛陽，捨於永寧寺，遣領軍婁昭等追帝，請帝東還。 長孫子彥不能守陝，棄城走。 高敖曹帥勁騎追帝至陝西，不及。 帝鞭馬長鶩，糗漿乏絕，三二日間，從官唯飲澗水。 至湖城，有王思村民以麥飯壺漿獻帝，帝悅，復一村十年。 至稠桑，潼關大都督毛鴻賓迎獻酒食，從官始解飢渴。
The Wei emperor asked the hundred officials for plans. Some wished to flee to Liang, some told rely on Heba Sheng in the south, some to go west to Guanzhong, some to hold Luokou and fight to the death—no plan was settled. In sum, Yuan Binzhi quarreled with Husu Chun over power, abandoned Chun and returned, and deceived the emperor, saying, "Gao Huan's troops have already arrived!" On dingwei the emperor dispatched to recall Chun, then commanded the Prince of Nanyang Bao Ju, Prince Dan of Qinghe, and Prince Zhan of Guangyang with five thousand horse to lodge west of the Chan. The Prince of Nanyang's separate lodging monk Huizhen carried the seal and held the thousand-bushel blade to follow. The host knew the emperor would go west; that night more than half fled. Dan and Zhan also fled home. Zhan was a son of Shen, the annals record. Zhan was a son of Shen, the annals record. In sum, Military Guard General Dugu Xin of Yunzhong pursued the emperor alone on horse. The emperor sighed, "General, you left parents and cast aside wife and children to come—'in chaotic ages one knows loyal ministers'—was that an empty saying!" On wushen the emperor fled west to Chang'an. Li Xian met the emperor in the Xiao Mountains, the annals record. On jiyou Huan entered Luoyang, lodged at Yongning Temple, and dispatched Commander of the Guards Lou Zhao and others to pursue the emperor, asking the emperor to return east. Changsun Ziyan could not hold Shaan and abandoned the city and fled, the annals record. Gao Aocao commanded picked horse in pursuit to west of Shaan but did not overtake. The sovereign whipped his horse in long flight; provisions were exhausted. For two or three days attendants drank only stream water. At Hucheng, a villager named Wang Si offered millet meal and pot wine; the emperor was pleased and remitted one village ten years' tax, the annals record. At Chousang, Tongguan Grand Commander Mao Hongbin came to welcome and offered food and drink; attendants at last eased hunger and thirst, the annals record.
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38八月甲寅，丞相歡集百官謂曰：「為臣奉主，匡救危亂，若處不諫爭，出不陪從，緩則耽寵爭榮，急則委之逃竄，臣節安在！」 眾莫能對，兼尚書左僕射辛雄曰：「主上與近習圖事，雄等不得預聞。 及乘輿西幸，若即追隨，恐跡同佞黨； 留待大王，又以不從蒙責，雄等進退無所逃罪。」 歡曰：「卿等備位大臣，當以身報國。 群佞用事，卿等嘗有一言諫爭乎！ 使國家之事一朝至此，罪欲何歸！」 乃收雄及開府儀同三司叱列延慶、兼吏部尚書崔孝芬、都官尚書劉廞、兼度支尚書天水楊機、散騎常侍元士弼，皆殺之。 孝芬子司徒從事中朗猷間行入關，魏主使以本官奏門下事。 歡推司徒清河王但為大司馬，承製決事，居尚書省。
In sum, On jiayin in the eighth month, Chancellor Huan assembled the hundred officials and said, "As ministers serving a ruler, one ought to rescue danger and disorder. If in council one does not remonstrate, in going out one does not accompany, in ease one clings to favor and fights for glory, in urgency one abandons and flees—where is the minister's integrity!" None could answer. Concurrent Left Vice Director Xin Xiong said, "The sovereign plotted affairs with those close to him; Xiong and others could not hear in advance, the annals record. In sum, When the imperial carriage went west, if we had followed at once, we feared the trace would be the same as the flatterers' party; In sum, to stay and await Your Lordship was again to be blamed for not following. Xiong and others had nowhere to escape guilt in advance or retreat." Gao Huan said, "You all fill ministerial posts and ought to give your persons for the state. When flatterers held power, did you ever speak one word of remonstrance! In sum, To bring the state's affairs in one morning to this—upon whom do you wish to lay the crime! He then seized Xiong and Bearer of the Staff Chilie Yanching, Concurrent Minister of Personnel Cui Xiaofen, Minister of Justice Liu Zhi, Concurrent Minister of Revenue Yang Ji of Tianshui, and Palace Attendant Yuan Shibi—and killed them all, the annals record." Xiaofen's son Langyou, a gentleman in the Masters of Writing, entered Guanxi by secret route; the Wei sovereign had him memorialize for the Secretariat, the annals record. Gao Huan advanced Prince Dan of Qinghe to Minister of Works, decided affairs by provisional edict, and dwelt in the Masters of Writing. Yuwen Tai dispatched Zhao Gui and Liang Yu with two thousand armored horse to welcome. The emperor followed the west bank of the river and told Yu, "This water flows east while We go up west.
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39宇文泰使趙貴、梁御帥甲騎二千奉迎，帝循河西行，謂御曰：「此水東流，而朕西上。 若得復見洛陽，親詣陵廟，卿等功也。」 帝及左右皆流涕。 泰備儀衛迎帝，謁見於東陽驛，免冠流涕曰：「臣不能式遏寇虐，使乘輿播遷，臣之罪也。」 帝曰：「公之忠節，著於遐邇。 朕以不德，負乘致寇，今日相見，深用厚顏。 方以社稷委公，公其勉之！」 將士皆呼萬歲。 遂入長安，以雍州廨捨為宮，大赦。 以泰為大將軍、雍州刺史，兼尚書令。 軍國之政，咸取決焉。 別置二尚書，分掌機事，以行台尚毛遐、周惠達為之。 時軍國草創，二人積糧儲，治器械，簡士馬，魏朝賴之。 泰尚馮翊長公主，拜駙馬都尉。
“In sum, If We can again see Luoyang and personally visit the tombs and temples, it is your merit. If We can again see Luoyang and personally visit the tombs and temples, the credit is yours, the annals record." The emperor and his attendants all shed tears. The sovereign said, "Your loyalty and integrity are renowned far and near. We, of meager virtue, lost the chariot and brought on invaders—today's meeting deeply shames Us. “In sum, We now entrust the altars of state to you—do your utmost! I lack virtue and brought calamity by misrule; meeting today, I am deeply ashamed, the annals record. In sum, We now entrust the altars of state to you—do your utmost!" Officers and soldiers all shouted ten thousand years, the annals record. They then entered Chang'an, used Yongzhou offices as the palace, and proclaimed a general amnesty, the annals record. Yuwen Tai became Grand General and inspector of Yongzhou, concurrent Chief of the Masters of Writing. All military and state affairs were decided by him, the annals record. He separately set two Masters of Writing to divide control of critical affairs, with Mobile Headquarters Shang Mao Xia and Zhou Huida, the annals record. At that time the state and army were newly founded; the two men accumulated grain stores, prepared weapons, and selected soldiers and horses—the Wei court relied on them, the annals record. Yuwen Tai married the eldest princess of Fengyi and became Commandant of the Horse Guards.
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40先是，熒惑入南斗，去而復還，留止六旬。 上以諺云「熒惑入南斗，天子下殿走」，乃跣而下殿以禳之； 及聞魏主西奔，慚曰：「虜亦應天象邪！」
Before this, Mars had entered the Southern Dipper, left and returned, and stayed six tens of days. The Liang sovereign, since a proverb said "Mars enters the Southern Dipper, the Son of Heaven leaves the hall and runs," went barefoot down from the hall to avert it; In sum, when he heard the Wei sovereign had fled west, he said in shame, "Do the northern barbarians also respond to heavenly signs!"
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41己未，武興王楊紹先為秦、南秦二州刺史。
On jiwei, Prince Shaoxian of Wuxing became inspector of Qin and Southern Qin.
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42辛酉，魏丞相歡自追迎魏主。 戊辰，清河王但下制大赦。 歡至弘農，九月，癸巳，使行台僕射元子思帥侍官迎帝； 己酉，攻潼關，克之，擒毛鴻賓，進屯華陰長城，龍門都督薛崇禮以城降歡。
On xinyou, Wei Chancellor Huan himself pursued to welcome the Wei sovereign, the annals record. On wuchen, Prince Dan of Qinghe issued a decree granting general amnesty. Gao Huan reached Hongnong. In the ninth month, on guisi, he dispatched Mobile Headquarters Vice Director Yuan Zisi to lead palace attendants to welcome the emperor; on jiyou he struck Tongguan, took it, took Mao Hongbin, advanced and encamped at the Long Wall of Huayin; Longmen supervisor Xue Chongli submitted his city to Huan.
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43賀拔勝使長史元穎行荊州事，守南陽，自帥所部西赴關中。 至淅陽，聞歡已屯華陰，欲還，行台左丞崔謙曰：「今帝室顛覆，主上蒙塵，公宜倍道兼行，朝於行在，然後與宇文行台同心戮力，唱舉大義，天下孰不望風響應！ 今捨此而退，恐人人解體，一失事機，後悔何及！」 勝不能用，遂還。
Heba Sheng had Chief Clerk Yuan Ying act for Jingzhou affairs and hold Nanyang; he himself commanded his command west toward Guanzhong. In sum, Reaching Xiyang, he heard Huan had already encamped at Huayin and wished to return. Mobile Headquarters Left Director Cui Qian said, "Today the imperial house is overturned and the sovereign suffers dust; my lord ought to march day and night, attend the traveling court, then with Yuwen's mobile headquarters join hearts and raise great righteousness—who under Heaven would not look to the wind and respond! To turn back now—I fear everyone will fall apart; miss this chance and regret will come too late!" Heba Sheng did not heed this counsel and turned back.
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44歡退屯河東，使行台尚書長史薛瑜守潼關，大都督庫狄溫守封陵，築城於蒲津西岸，以薛紹宗為華州刺史，使守之，以高敖曹行豫州事。
Gao Huan withdrew to Hedong. He left Mobile Headquarters Chief Clerk Xue Yu to guard Tongguan and Grand Commander Kudi Wen to guard Fengling, built a fort on the west bank of Pujin, appointed Xue Shaozong inspector of Huazhou to hold it, and had Gao Aocao oversee Yuzhou affairs.
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45歡自發晉陽，至是凡四十啟，魏主皆不報。 歡乃東還，遣行台侯景等引兵向荊州，荊州民鄧誕等執元穎以應景。 賀拔勝至，景逆擊之，勝兵敗，帥數百騎來奔。
From the time Huan left Jinyang until now he had dispatched forty memorials in all; the Wei sovereign answered none. Gao Huan then turned east, dispatched Mobile Headquarters Hou Jing and others to lead troops toward Jingzhou; the people of Jingzhou, Deng Dan and others, seized Yuan Ying to respond to Jing. When Heba Sheng arrived, Jing met him in counterattack; Sheng's army was defeated and he commanded several hundred horse to come over in flight.
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46魏主之在洛陽也，密遣閤內都督河南趙剛召東荊州刺史馮景昭帥兵入援，兵未及發，魏主西入關。 景昭集府中文武議所從，司馬馮道和請據州待北方處分。 剛曰：「公宜勒兵赴行在所。」 久之，更無言者。 剛抽刀投地曰：「公若欲為忠臣，請斬道和； 如欲從賊，可速見殺！」 景昭感悟，即帥眾赴關中。 侯景引兵逼穰城，東荊州民楊祖歡等起兵應之，以其眾邀景昭於路，景昭戰敗，剛沒蠻中。
While the Wei sovereign was at Luoyang, he secretly dispatched Inner-guard Supervisor Zhao Gang of Henan to summon Eastern Jingzhou inspector Feng Jingzhao to lead troops to aid; before troops could be dispatched the sovereign entered Guanxi. Jingzhao gathered civil and military officials of the province to debate which course to follow. Staff Member Feng Dahe asked to hold the province and await disposition from the north, the annals record. Gang said, "My lord ought to muster troops and go to the traveling court." For a long time no one else spoke. Gang threw his blade to the ground and said, "If my lord wishes to be a loyal minister, behead Daohe; if you mean to follow the rebel, kill me now! If you mean to follow the rebel, kill me now!" Jingzhao took the point and at once led his forces to Guanzhong. Hou Jing led troops against Rangcheng. Yang Zuhuan and others in Eastern Jingzhou raised troops to answer him, intercepted Feng Jingzhao on the road, and defeated him; Zhao Gang disappeared among the Man peoples.
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47冬十月，丞相歡至洛陽，又遣僧道榮奉表於孝武帝曰：「陛下若遠賜一制，許還京洛，臣當帥勒文武，式清宮禁。 若返正無日，則七廟不可無主，萬國須有所歸，臣寧負陛下，不負社稷。」 帝亦不答。 歡乃集百官耆老，議所立。 時清河王但出入已稱警蹕，歡丑之，乃托以「孝昌以來，昭穆失序，永安以孝文為伯考，永熙遷孝明於夾室，業喪祚短，職此之由。」 遂立清河王世子善見為帝，謂但曰：「欲立王，不如立王之子。」 但不自安，輕騎南走，歡追還之。 丙寅，孝靜帝即位於城東北，時年十一。 大赦，改元天平。
In winter, in the tenth month, Chancellor Gao Huan reached Luoyang and again sent Seng Daorong to submit a memorial to Emperor Xiaowu: "If Your Majesty will send even one decree from afar authorizing your return to Luoyang, I will lead the civil and military officials and restore order in the palace precincts. In sum, If there is no day of return to the right, then the seven temples cannot be without a lord and the ten thousand states must have somewhere to turn; your servant would rather bear guilt toward Your Majesty than toward the altars of soil and grain." The emperor likewise made no reply. Gao Huan then assembled the hundred officials and elders to debate whom to enthrone." At the time, Prince Dan of Qinghe was already receiving imperial-style warning calls when he came and went. Gao Huan disliked the look of it, so he used this argument: "Since the Xiaochang era the ancestral order has been confused: under Yongan, Emperor Xiaowen was treated as an uncle, and under Yongxi, Emperor Xiaoming was moved to a side chamber. The loss of the dynasty and the shortness of reigns came from this." He then set up the heir of Qinghe, Shanjian, as emperor and told Dan, "To enthrone the king, better enthrone the king's son." “Dan was ill at ease, fled south with light horse; Huan pursued and brought him back, the annals record.” “On bingyin, Emperor Xiaojing took the throne in the northeast of the city at age eleven, the annals record.” General amnesty; era name changed to Tianping, the annals record.
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48魏宇文泰進軍攻潼關，斬薛瑜，虜其卒七千人，還長安，進位大丞相。 東魏行台薛修義等度河據楊氏壁； 魏司空參軍河東薛端糾帥村民擊卻東魏兵，復取楊氏，丞相泰遣南汾州刺史蘇景恕鎮之。
Wei Yuwen Tai advanced to attack Tongguan, beheaded Xue Yu, took seven thousand of his troops, returned to Chang'an, and was advanced to Grand Chancellor. In sum, Eastern Wei Mobile Headquarters Xue Xiuyi and others crossed the river and held Yangshi Rampart; Wei Minister of Works staff officer Xue Duan of Hedong gathered village soldiers and drove off Eastern Wei troops, retaking Yangshi; Chancellor Tai dispatched Southern Fenzhou inspector Su Jingshu to hold it.
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49丁卯，以信武將軍元慶和為鎮北將軍，帥眾伐東魏。
On dingmao, Faithful Martial General Yuan Qinghe became Pacification of the North General and commanded a host to campaign against Eastern Wei.
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50初，魏孝武帝既與丞相歡有隙，齊州刺史侯淵、兗州刺史樊子鵠、青州刺史東萊王貴平陰相連結，以觀時變； 淵亦遣使通於歡所。 及孝武帝入關，清河王但承製，以汝陽王暹為齊州刺史。 暹至城西，淵不時納。 城民劉桃符等潛引暹入城，淵帥騎出走，妻子部曲悉為暹所虜。 行及廣裡，會承製以淵行青州事。 歡遺淵書曰：「卿勿以部曲單少，憚於東行，齊人澆薄，唯利是從，齊州尚能迎汝陽王，青州豈不能開門待卿也！」 淵乃復東，暹歸其妻子部曲。 貴平亦不受代，淵襲高陽郡，克之。 置累重於城中，自帥輕騎游掠於外。 貴平使其世子帥眾攻高陽，淵夜趣東陽，見州民饋糧者，紿之曰：「台軍已至，殺戮殆盡。 我，世子之人也，脫走還城，汝何為復往！」 聞者皆棄糧走。 比曉，復謂行人曰：「台軍昨夜已至高陽，我是前鋒，今至此，不知侯公竟在何所！」 城民恟懼，遂執貴平出降。 戊辰，淵斬貴平，傳首洛陽。
Before this, after Emperor Xiaowu of Wei had a rift with Chancellor Huan, Inspector Hou Yuan of Qizhou, Inspector Fan Zihu of Yanzhou, and Inspector Guiping of Qingzhou, Prince of Donglai, secretly linked together to watch how affairs would turn; Yuan also dispatched envoys to communicate with Huan's camp. When Emperor Xiaowu entered Guanxi, Prince Dan of Qinghe by provisional edict made Prince Xian of Ruyang inspector of Qizhou, the annals record. When Xian reached west of the city, Yuan did not admit him in timely fashion, the annals record. City folk Liu Taofu and others secretly commanded Xian into the city; Yuan commanded horse and fled; wife, children, and retainers were all took by Xian. Marching to Guangli, he met a provisional edict appointing Yuan acting inspector of Qingzhou, the annals record. Gao Huan dispatched Yuan a letter: "Do not fear since your following is few and hesitate to go east. The people of Qi are shallow and follow profit; Qizhou could welcome the Prince of Ruyang—how could Qingzhou not open its gates and await you!" Yuan then turned east again; Xian returned his wife, children, and retainers, the annals record. “Guiping also would not accept replacement. Yuan raided Gaoyang commandery and took it, the annals record.” He placed baggage in the city and himself commanded light horse to raid abroad. Guiping had his heir lead troops to attack Gaoyang. Yuan by night hurried to Dongyang; seeing commandery folk bringing grain, he deceived them, saying, "Court troops have arrived and slaughter is nearly complete, the annals record. In sum, I am the heir's man, escaping back to the city—why do you still go!" “Hearing this, all abandoned grain and fled, the annals record. In sum, By dawn he again told travelers, "Court troops last night reached Gaoyang; I am the vanguard. Now I have come here—who knows where Lord Hou actually is!" The city folk were terrified and seized Guiping to surrender, the annals record. “On wuchen, Yuan beheaded Guiping and dispatched his head to Luoyang.”
82
51庚午，東魏以趙郡王諶為大司馬，咸陽王坦為太尉，開府儀同三司高盛為司徒，高敖曹為司空。 坦，樹之弟也。
On gengwu, Eastern Wei made Prince Chen of Zhao commandery Grand Marshal of War, Prince Tan of Xianyang Grand Tutor, Bearer of the Staff Gao Sheng Minister of Works, and Gao Aocao Minister of Works, the annals record. Tan was a younger brother of Shu, the annals record.
83
52丞相歡以洛陽西逼西魏，南近梁境，乃議遷鄴，書下三日即行。 丙子，東魏主發洛陽，四十萬戶狼狽就道。 收百官馬，尚書丞郎已上非陪從者，盡令乘驢。 歡留後部分，事畢，還晉陽。 改司州為洛州，以尚書令元弼為洛州刺史，鎮洛陽。 以行台尚書司馬子如為尚書左僕射，與右僕射高隆之、侍中高岳、孫騰留鄴，共知朝政。 詔以遷民貲產未立，出粟一百三十萬石以賑之。
Gao Huan, since Luoyang pressed close to Western Wei on the west and neared Liang territory on the south, debated moving the capital to Ye; once the letter was issued, within three days they marched. On bingzi the Eastern Wei sovereign left Luoyang; four hundred thousand households went on the road in distress, the annals record. They collected officials' horses; Masters of Writing assistants and above who were not in the entourage were all made to ride donkeys, the annals record. Gao Huan left a rear guard; when affairs were finished he returned to Jinyang. In sum, He changed Sizhou to Luozhou, made Chief of the Masters of Writing Yuan Bi inspector of Luozhou to hold Luoyang, made Mobile Headquarters Chief of the Masters of Writing Sima Ziru Left Vice Director, with Right Vice Director Gao Longzhi, Attendant Gao Yue, and Sun Teng remaining at Ye jointly to know court affairs, the annals record. An edict said that since migrants' property was not yet established, one million three hundred thousand shi of grain was issued to relieve them.
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53十一月，兗州刺史樊子鵠據瑕丘以拒東魏，南青州刺史大野拔帥眾就之。
In the eleventh month, Inspector Fan Zihu of Yanzhou held Xiaqiu to resist Eastern Wei; Southern Qingzhou inspector Daye Ba commanded his host to join him.
85
54庚寅，東魏主至鄴，居北城相州之廨，改相州刺史為司州牧，魏郡太守為魏尹。 是時，六坊之眾從孝武帝西行者不及萬人，餘皆北徙，並給常廩，春秋賜帛以供衣服，乃於常調之外，隨豐稔之處，折絹糴粟以供國用。
On gengyin the Eastern Wei sovereign reached Ye, dwelt in the northern city at the prefectural offices of Xiangzhou, changed the Xiangzhou inspector to Sizhou Governor and the Wei commandery administrator to Wei Yin, the annals record. At that time, of the six-ward followers who went west with Emperor Xiaowu, not ten thousand remained; the rest all moved north and were given regular rations; spring and autumn cloth was bestowed for clothing. Beyond the regular tax, in places of good harvest silk and grain were converted to supply state use, the annals record.
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55十二月，魏丞相泰遣儀同李虎、李弼、趙貴擊曹泥於靈州。
In the twelfth month, Wei Chancellor Tai dispatched Comrades of Honor Li Hu, Li Bi, and Zhao Gui to attack Cao Ni at Lingzhou.
87
56閏月，元慶和克瀨鄉而據之。
In the intercalary month, Yuan Qinghe took Lixiang and held it, the annals record.
88
57魏孝武帝閨門無禮，從妹不嫁者三人，皆封公主。 平原公主明月，南陽王寶炬之同產也，從帝入關，丞相泰使元氏諸王取明月殺之。 帝不悅，或時彎弓，或時椎案，由是復與泰有隙。 癸巳，帝飲酒，遇鴆而殂。 泰與群臣議所立，多舉廣平王贊。 贊，孝武之兄子也。 侍中濮陽王順，於別室垂涕謂泰曰：「高歡逼逐先帝，立幼主以專權，明公宜反其所為。 廣平沖幼，不如立長君而奉之。」 泰乃奉太宰南陽王寶炬而立之。 順，素之玄孫也。 殯孝武帝於草堂佛寺。 諫議大夫宋球慟哭嘔血，漿粒不入口者數日，泰以其名儒，不之罪也。
Emperor Xiaowu of Wei was without propriety within the women's quarters; three younger cousins who did not marry were all enfeoffed princesses, the annals record. The Princess of Pingyuan, Mingyue, was a full sister of Prince Bao Ju of Nanyang; she had followed the emperor into Guanzhong. Chancellor Yuwen Tai had the Yuan princes seize Mingyue and put her to death. The emperor was displeased; sometimes he strung his bow, sometimes he pounded the table—and so he again fell out with Yuwen Tai. On guisi the emperor drank wine, encountered poisoned wine, and perished. Yuwen Tai debated with the hundred officials whom to enthrone; many nominated Prince Zan of Guangping. Yuwen Tai then supported Grand Preceptor Prince Bao Ju of Nanyang and set him up. Attendant-in-Ordinary Prince Shun of Puyang, weeping in a side room, told Yuwen Tai, "Gao Huan drove off the former emperor and set up a young ruler to monopolize power. Your Grace ought to do the opposite of what he did. Guangping is young and immature—it would be better to set up an elder lord and support him." Yuwen Tai thereupon supported Grand Preceptor Prince Bao Ju of Nanyang and enthroned him. While Heba Sheng was at Jingzhou, he memorialized Military Guard General Dugu Xin as Grand Commander, the annals record. Emperor Xiaowu was laid in state at the Caotang Buddhist Temple. Remonstrating and Consulting Grand Master Song Qiu wept until he vomited blood and for several days ate nothing; Yuwen Tai, because he was a famous scholar, did not punish him.
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58魏賀拔勝之在荊州也，表武衛將軍獨孤信為大都督。 東魏既取荊州，魏以信為都督三荊州諸軍事、尚書右僕射、東南道行台、大都督、荊州刺史以招懷之。
In sum, If few troops are sent, they cannot control the bandits; if many are sent, the root is weak, the annals record.
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59蠻酋樊五能攻破淅陽郡以應魏，東魏西荊州刺史辛纂欲討之，行台郎中李廣諫曰：「淅陽四面無民，唯一城之地，山路深險，表裡群蠻。 今少遣兵，則不能制賊； 多遣，則根本虛弱。 脫不如意，大挫威名，人情一去，州城難保。」 纂曰：「豈可縱賊不討！」 廣曰：「今所憂在心腹，何暇治疥癬！ 聞台軍不久應至，公但約勒屬城，使完壘撫民以待之。 雖失淅陽，不足惜也。」 纂不從，遣兵攻之，兵敗，諸將因亡不返。
“In sum, If things do not go as wished, reputation is greatly damaged, popular sentiment departs, and the prefectural city is hard to keep. In sum, Zuan said, "How can one let bandits go and not attack!" In sum, Guang said, "Today's worry is in the heart and belly—what leisure to cure a ringworm scab! We hear court troops will soon arrive; my lord need only restrain subordinate cities, make walls complete, comfort the people, and wait, the annals record." In sum, Though Xiyang be lost, it is not worth regretting." “Zuan refused to listen, dispatched troops to attack, the army was defeated, and the generals therefore fled and did not return. The city folk secretly summoned Dugu Xin, the annals record. Even if Xiyang is lost, that is no great loss." Xin told his host, "Today soldiers are fewer than a thousand and we are struck front and rear. If we turn to strike Qimin, the local people will think we retreat and will surely vie to intercept us;
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60城民密召獨孤信。 信至武陶，東魏遣恆農太守田八能帥群蠻拒信於淅陽，又遣都督張齊民以步騎三千出信之後。 信謂其眾曰：「今士卒不滿千人，首尾受敵，若還擊齊民，則土民謂我退走，必爭來邀我； 不如進擊八能，破之，齊民自潰矣。」 遂擊破八能，乘勝襲穰城； 辛纂勒兵出戰，大敗，還趣城。 門未及闔，信令都督武川楊忠為前驅，忠叱門者曰：「大軍已至，城中有應，爾等求生，何不避走！」 門者皆散。 忠帥眾入城，斬纂以徇，城中懾服。 信分兵定三荊。 居半歲，東魏高敖曹、侯景將兵奄至城下，信兵少不敵，與楊忠皆來奔。
In sum, better to advance and strike Baneng; when he is broken, Qimin will collapse of himself." In sum, He then defeated Baneng, pressed the advantage to strike Xiangcheng; “Xin Zuan commanded troops out to fight and was greatly defeated, hurrying back toward the city. In sum, Before the gate could be shut, Xin ordered Supervisor Yang Zhong of Wuchuan as vanguard; Zhong shouted at the gatekeepers, "The great army has arrived; there are responders in the city. You seek life—why not flee!" The gatekeepers all scattered, the annals record. Zhong commanded his host into the city, beheaded Zuan to display, and the city was cowed and submitted. Xin divided troops to settle the three Jing provinces, the annals record." At that the gatekeepers scattered. In sum, He then defeated Baneng, pressed the advantage to strike Xiangcheng; Xin Zuan commanded troops out to fight and was greatly defeated, hurrying back toward the city. After half a year, Eastern Wei's Gao Aocao and Hou Jing commanded troops suddenly to the city walls. Xin had too few soldiers to resist; he and Yang Zhong both fled and submitted.