1
資治通鑑第221卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 221
2
卷第二百二十一
Volume CCXXI
3
【唐紀三十七】起屠維大淵獻，盡上章困敦，凡二年。
[Tang Records 37], from the year jihai through the year gengzi—two years in all.
4
肅宗文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝下之上乾元二年（ 己亥，公元七五九年）
The latter part of the reign of Emperor Suzong of Tang—Qianyuan year 2 ( jihai, AD 759)
5
春，正月，己巳朔，史思明築壇於魏州城北，自稱大聖燕王； 以周摯為行軍司馬。 李光弼曰：「思明得魏州而按兵不進，此欲使我懈惰，而以精銳掩吾不備也。 請與朔方軍同逼魏城，求與之戰。 彼懲嘉山之敗，必不敢輕出。 得曠日引久，則鄴城必拔矣。 慶緒已死，彼則無辭以用其眾也。」 魚朝恩以為不可，乃止。
In spring, on the first day of the first month, jisi, Shi Siming erected an altar north of Wei Prefecture city and proclaimed himself Great Sagely King of Yan; He appointed Zhou Zhi expedition marshal. Li Guangbi said, "Siming has seized Wei Prefecture yet keeps his army idle—he means to lull us into negligence, then fall on us unawares with elite troops. I ask that we press Wei city together with the Shuofang army and force him to fight. Chastened by his defeat at Jiashan, he will not dare come out lightly. If we can prolong the siege, Ye city will fall of itself. Once Qingxu is dead, he will have no pretext for keeping his army in the field." Yu Chao'en opposed the plan, and it was dropped.
6
戊寅，上祀九宮貴神，用王璵之言也。 乙卯，耕藉田。
On wuyin the emperor sacrificed to the spirits of the Nine Palaces, acting on Wang Yu's advice. On yimao he performed the spring plowing ceremony in the sacred field.
7
鎮西節度使李嗣業攻鄴城，為流矢所中，丙申，薨； 兵馬使荔非元禮代將其眾。 初，嗣業表段秀實為懷州長史，知留後事，時諸軍屯戍日久，財竭糧盡，秀實獨運芻粟，募兵市馬以奉鎮西行營，相繼於道。
Li Siye, military commissioner of Zhenxi, was besieging Ye city when a stray arrow struck him; on bingshen he died; army-and-horse commissioner Lifei Yuanli took command of his forces. Earlier Li Siye had recommended Duan Xiushi as chief secretary of Huai Prefecture with authority over rear-area affairs. The allied armies had been encamped so long that funds and grain were exhausted; Xiushi alone kept moving fodder and grain, recruiting soldiers and buying horses to sustain the Zhenxi expeditionary camp, with supply trains following one after another on the roads.
8
二月，壬子，月食，既。 先是百官請加皇后尊號曰「輔聖」，上以問中書舍人李揆，對曰：「自古皇后無尊號，惟韋後有之，豈足為法！」 上驚曰「庸人幾誤我！」 會月食，事遂寢。 後與李輔國相表裡，橫於禁中，干豫政事，請托無窮。 上頗不悅，而無如之何。
In the second month, on renzi, there was a total eclipse of the moon. Earlier the officials had petitioned to grant the empress the honorific "Assistant Sage." The emperor consulted Zhongshu attendant Li Kui, who replied, "Throughout history empresses have borne no such honorifics—only Empress Wei did. How can that be a precedent!" The emperor exclaimed, "Mediocrities nearly misled me!" The lunar eclipse came, and the proposal was quietly dropped. Later he and Li Fuguo worked hand in glove, throwing their weight about inside the palace, meddling in state affairs, and fielding endless petitions and favors. The emperor was deeply displeased but powerless to curb them.
9
郭子儀等九節度使圍鄴城，築壘再重，穿塹三重，壅漳水灌之。 城中井泉皆溢，構棧而居，自冬涉春，安慶緒堅守以待史思明，食盡，一鼠直錢四千，淘牆及馬矢以食馬。 人皆以為克在朝夕，而諸軍既無統帥，進退無所稟； 城中人欲降者，礙水深，不得出。 城久不下，上下解體。
Guo Ziyi and eight other military commissioners invested Ye city, throwing up double lines of ramparts and triple ditches and damming the Zhang River to flood the town. Wells and springs inside the walls brimmed over, and the defenders lived on raised platforms. From winter into spring An Qingxu held out, waiting for Shi Siming. When food ran out, a single rat fetched four thousand cash; they scraped plaster from the walls and fed their horses on dung. Everyone expected the city to fall within days, yet the allied armies had no supreme commander, and no one could tell them when to advance or pull back; while defenders who wished to surrender were trapped by the floodwaters and could not escape. The siege dragged on without success, and morale collapsed throughout the army.
10
思明乃自魏州引兵趣鄴，使諸將去城各五十里為營，每營擊鼓三百面，遙脅之。 又每營選精騎五百，日於城下抄掠，官軍出，即散歸其營； 諸軍人馬牛車日有所失，樵采甚艱，晝備之則夜至，夜備之則晝至。 時天下饑饉，轉餉者南自江、淮，西自並、汾，舟車相繼。 思明多遣壯士竊官軍裝號，督趣運者，責其稽緩，妄殺戮人，運者駭懼； 舟車所聚，則密縱火焚之； 往復聚散，自相辨識，而官軍邏捕不能察也。 由是諸軍乏食，人思自潰。 思明乃引大軍直抵城下，官軍與之刻日決戰。
Siming then marched from Wei Prefecture toward Ye and ordered his generals to encamp fifty li from the city; each camp beat three hundred drums to harry the besiegers from a distance. Each camp also picked five hundred elite horsemen to raid below the walls every day; when imperial troops sallied forth, the raiders scattered back to their camps; and the allied armies lost men, horses, cattle, and wagons daily. Foraging for firewood became perilous: guard by day and the raiders struck at night; guard at night and they struck by day. Famine gripped the empire, and supply convoys streamed in from the Yangzi and Huai in the south and from Bing and Fen in the west, boats and wagons in endless succession. Siming sent many strong men to steal imperial insignia, then pose as overseers hurrying the convoys along, accusing carriers of delay and killing at whim until the transport crews were terrified; wherever boats and wagons clustered, they secretly set fires; moving in and out, gathering and dispersing, they knew one another by signs the imperial patrols could never catch. The allied armies ran short of food, and soldiers began to think of slipping away. Siming then brought his main army up to the walls, and the imperial forces agreed to meet him in battle on a set day.
11
三月，壬申，官軍步騎六十萬陳於安陽河北，思明自將精兵五萬敵之，諸軍望之，以為遊軍，未介意。 思明直前奮擊，李光弼、王思禮、許叔冀、魯炅先與之戰，殺傷相半； 魯炅中流矢。 郭子儀承其後，未及布陳，大風忽起，吹沙拔木，天地晝晦，咫尺不相辨。 兩軍大驚，官軍潰而南，賊潰而北，棄甲仗輜重委積於路。 子儀以朔方軍斷河陽橋保東京。 戰馬萬匹，惟存三千，甲仗十萬，遺棄殆盡。 東京士民驚駭，散奔山谷，留守崔圓、河南尹蘇震等官吏南奔襄、鄧，諸節度各潰歸本鎮。 士卒所過剽掠，吏不能止，旬日方定。 惟李光弼、王思禮整勒部伍，全軍以歸。
In the third month, on renshen, six hundred thousand imperial infantry and cavalry drew up on the north bank of the Anyang River. Siming himself led fifty thousand picked troops against them; the allied commanders took them for a scouting party and paid little heed. Siming charged straight in. Li Guangbi, Wang Silun, Xu Shuji, and Lu Hui met him first; casualties ran about even on both sides; and Lu Hui was hit by a stray arrow. Guo Ziyi came up behind them, but before he could form his line a sudden gale blew up, whipping sand and tearing trees from the ground until heaven and earth turned dark and men could not see a foot before them. Both armies panicked. The imperial forces broke south, the rebels north, leaving armor, weapons, and baggage heaped along the road. Ziyi used the Shuofang army to hold the Heyang bridge and shield the Eastern Capital. Of ten thousand war horses only three thousand remained; of one hundred thousand sets of arms and armor nearly all were lost. The people of the Eastern Capital fled in terror into the hills. Acting commander Cui Yuan, Henan intendant Su Zhen, and other officials fled south toward Xiang and Deng, while the various military commissioners broke up and retreated to their home commands. Soldiers plundered wherever they passed, and officials could not stop them; order was not restored for ten days. Only Li Guangbi and Wang Silun kept their units intact and brought their full armies home.
12
子儀至河陽，將謀城守。 師人相驚，又奔缺門。 諸將繼至，眾及數萬，議捐東京，退保蒲、陝。 都虞候張用濟曰：「蒲、陝荐饑，不如守河陽，賊至，並力拒之。」 子儀從之。 使都游弈使靈武韓游瑰將五百騎前趣河陽，用濟以步卒五千繼之。 周摯引兵爭河陽，後至，不得入而去。 用濟役所部兵築南、北兩城而守之。 段秀實帥將士妻子及公私輜重自野戍渡河，待命於河清之南岸，荔非元禮至而軍焉。 諸將各上表請罪，上皆不問，惟削崔圓階封，貶蘇震為濟王府長史，削銀青階。
When Ziyi reached Heyang he planned to hold the city. His troops panicked one another and again fled toward Que Gate. As the generals rejoined him his force swelled to tens of thousands, and some urged abandoning the Eastern Capital and falling back to defend Pu and Shan. Chief adjutant Zhang Yongji said, "Pu and Shan are repeatedly stricken by famine. Better to hold Heyang and meet the rebels with our combined strength when they come." Ziyi agreed. He sent roaming-inspection commissioner Han Yougui of Lingwu ahead with five hundred horsemen, and Yongji followed with five thousand infantry. Zhou Zhi raced for Heyang but arrived too late to enter and withdrew. Yongji set his men to building and holding twin cities on the south and north banks. Duan Xiushi led officers, soldiers, families, and public and private baggage across from Yegu and waited on the south bank of Heqing; when Lifei Yuanli arrived they made camp there. The generals each submitted memorials asking to be punished; the emperor ignored them all, merely reducing Cui Yuan's rank and fief, demoting Su Zhen to chief secretary of the Prince of Ji's household, and stripping his silver-and-blue insignia.
13
史思明審知官軍潰去，自沙河收整士眾，還屯鄴城南。 安慶緒收子儀等營中糧，得六七萬石，與孫孝哲、崔乾祐謀閉門更拒思明。 諸將曰：「今日豈可復背史王乎！」 思明不與慶緒相聞，又不南追官軍，但日於軍中饗士。 張通儒、高尚等言於慶緒曰：「史王遠來，臣等皆應迎謝。」 慶緒曰：「任公暫往。」 思明見之涕泣，厚禮而歸之。 經三日，慶緒不至。 思明密召安太清令誘之，慶緒窘蹙，不知所為，乃遣太清上表稱臣于思明，請待解甲入城，奉上璽綬。 思明省表，曰：「何至如此！」 因出表遍示將士，咸稱萬歲。 乃手疏唁慶緒而不稱臣，且曰：「願為兄弟之國，更作籓籬之援。 鼎足而立，猶或庶幾； 北面之禮，固不敢受。」 並封表還之。 慶緒大悅，因請歃血同盟，思明許之。 慶緒以三百騎詣思明營，思明令軍士擐甲執兵以待之，引慶緒及諸弟入至庭下。 慶緒再拜稽首曰：「臣不克荷負，棄失兩都，久陷重圍，不意大王以太上皇之故，遠垂救援，使臣應死復生，摩頂至踵，無以報德。」 思明忽震怒曰：「棄失兩都，亦何足言。 爾為人子，殺父奪其位，天地所不容！ 吾為太上皇討賊，豈受爾佞媚乎！」 即命左右牽出，並其四弟及高尚、孫孝哲、崔乾祐皆殺之； 張通儒、李庭望等悉授以官。 思明勒兵入鄴城，收其士馬，以府庫賞將士，慶緒先所有州、縣及兵皆歸于思明。 遣安太清將兵五千取懷州，因留鎮之。 思明欲遂西略，慮根本未固，乃留其子朝義守相州，引兵還范陽。
Learning that the imperial army had broken and withdrawn, Shi Siming regrouped his troops at Shahe and encamped again south of Ye city. An Qingxu gathered grain from the imperial camps—sixty or seventy thousand piculs—and with Sun Xiaozhe and Cui Qianyou plotted to shut the gates and resist Siming anew. His generals said, "How can we turn our backs on King Shi now!" Siming sent no word to Qingxu and did not pursue the imperial army south, but daily feasted his troops in camp. Zhang Tongru, Gao Shang, and others told Qingxu, "King Shi has come from far away—we ought all to go welcome him." Qingxu said, "Lord Ren may go for now." Siming received him in tears, treated him with great honor, and sent him back. Three days passed and Qingxu still did not come. Siming secretly summoned An Taiqing to lure him in. Cornered and at a loss, Qingxu sent Taiqing with a memorial declaring himself Siming's subject, asking to lay aside arms and enter the city to present the imperial seal and cord. Siming read the memorial and said, "Why go so far!" He then displayed the memorial to all his officers and men, who shouted "Long live the king!" He wrote in his own hand to console Qingxu without calling himself a subject, adding, "Let us be brother realms and each other's bulwark again. Standing three-legged like a tripod, we might yet prevail; but I dare not accept the rites of a vassal facing north." He sealed Qingxu's memorial and returned it. Qingxu was delighted and asked to swear a blood oath of alliance; Siming agreed. Qingxu came to Siming's camp with three hundred horsemen. Siming had his soldiers arm and wait, then led Qingxu and his brothers into the courtyard. Qingxu bowed to the ground and said, "Your subject failed in his charge, lost the two capitals, and lay long under siege. I never dreamed that you, for the Supreme Emperor's sake, would come so far to save me—one who should have died lives again. From crown to heel I cannot repay such grace." Siming suddenly blazed with anger. "Losing the two capitals—is that worth mentioning? You are a son who murdered his father and stole his throne—heaven and earth will not tolerate it! I have come to punish the rebel for the Supreme Emperor—why should I accept your fawning!" He ordered his attendants to drag Qingxu out; together with his four younger brothers, Gao Shang, Sun Xiaozhe, and Cui Qianyou, they were all put to death; while Zhang Tongru, Li Tingwang, and the rest were all given offices. Siming marched into Ye city, took over its troops and horses, rewarded his soldiers from the treasury, and all the prefectures, counties, and armies that had belonged to Qingxu passed to Siming. He sent An Taiqing with five thousand men to take Huai Prefecture and left him to garrison it. Siming wished to push west at once but feared his base was not secure; he left his son Chaoyi to hold Xiang Prefecture and marched back to Fanyang.
14
甲申，回紇骨啜特勒、帝德等十五人自相州奔還西京，上宴之於紫宸殿，賞賜有差。 庚寅，骨啜特勒等辭還行營。
On jiashen, fifteen Uyghurs including Bonechuo tekle and Dide fled from Xiang Prefecture back to the Western Capital. The emperor feasted them in Zichen Hall and gave rewards according to rank. On gengyin Bonechuo tekle and the others took their leave to return to the expeditionary camp.
15
辛卯，以荔非元禮為懷州刺史，權知鎮西、北庭行營節度使。 元禮復以段秀實為節度判官。
On xinmao Lifei Yuanli was appointed prefect of Huai and acting military commissioner of the Zhenxi and Beiting expeditionary camps. Yuanli again appointed Duan Xiushi his expeditionary adjutant.
16
甲午，以兵部侍郎呂諲同平章事，乙未，以中書侍郎、同平章事苗晉卿為太子太傅，王璵為刑部尚書，皆罷政事。 以京兆尹李峴行吏部尚書，中書舍人兼禮部侍郎李揆為中書侍郎，及戶部侍郎第五琦並同平章事。 上於峴恩意尤厚，峴亦以經濟為己任，軍國大事多獨決於峴。 於是京師多盜，李輔國請選羽林騎士五百以備巡邏。 李揆上疏曰：「昔西漢以南北軍相制，故周勃因南軍入北軍，遂安劉氏。 皇朝置南、北牙，文武區分，以相伺察。 今以羽林代金吾警夜，忽有非常之變，將何以制之！」 乃止。
On jiawu Vice Minister of War Lü Yin was made Grand Councillor; on yiwei Vice Director of the Secretariat and Grand Councillor Miao Jinqing was made Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent and Wang Yu Minister of Justice—all were removed from active government. Jingzhao intendant Li Xian was made acting Minister of Personnel; Zhongshu attendant and Vice Minister of Rites Li Kui Vice Director of the Secretariat; and Vice Minister of Revenue Diwu Qi—all were made Grand Councillors. The emperor favored Xian above all; Xian took statecraft as his personal charge, and many military and civil decisions were made by him alone. The capital was plagued by thieves, and Li Fuguo asked to select five hundred Imperial Guard horsemen for patrol duty. Li Kui submitted a memorial: "In the Western Han the Southern and Northern armies checked each other; that was how Zhou Bo entered the Northern Army through the Southern and secured the Liu house. Our dynasty placed Southern and Northern guards, civil and military kept apart, to watch one another. If the Imperial Guard replaces the Golden Crow for night watch, and sudden crisis strikes, how will we control it!" The plan was dropped.
17
丙申，以郭子儀為東畿、山東、河東諸道元帥，權知東京留守。 以河西節度使來瑱行陝州刺史，充陝、虢、華州節度使。
On bingshen Guo Ziyi was made supreme commander of the Eastern Capital, Shandong, and Hedong circuits and acting garrison commander of the Eastern Capital. Hexi military commissioner Lai Tian was made acting prefect of Shan and military commissioner of Shan, Guo, and Hua.
18
夏，四月，庚子，澤潞節度使王思禮破史思明將楊旻於潞城東。
In summer, the fourth month, on gengzi, Zelu military commissioner Wang Silun defeated Shi Siming's general Yang Min east of Lu city.
19
太子詹事李輔國，自上在靈武，判元帥行軍司馬事，侍直帷幄，宣傳詔命，四方文奏，寶印符契，晨夕軍號，一以委之，乃還京師，專掌禁兵，常居內宅，制敕必經輔國押署，然後施行，宰相百司非時奏事，皆因輔國關白、承旨。 常於銀台門決天下事，事無大小，輔國口為制敕，寫付外施行，事畢聞奏。 又置察事數十人，潛令於人間聽察細事，即行推按； 有所追索，諸司無敢拒者。 御史台、大理寺重囚，或推斷未畢，輔國追詣銀台，一時縱之。 三司、府、縣鞫獄，皆先詣輔國咨稟，輕重隨意，稱制敕行之，莫敢違者。 宦官不敢斥其官，皆謂之五郎。 李揆山東甲族，見輔國執子弟禮，謂之五父。
Li Fuguo, household head of the Crown Prince, had served as acting expedition marshal from the time the emperor was at Lingwu. He attended within the imperial curtains, proclaimed edicts, and handled every document from the realm, every seal and tally, every morning and evening army signal. Back in the capital he took sole charge of the palace guard and lived in the inner quarters. No edict could be executed without his countersignature; the chief minister and every office that needed to report after hours had to go through Fuguo for clearance and assent. He routinely decided affairs of state at the Yintai Gate. Great or small, Fuguo dictated edicts that were written down and sent out for execution, then reported to the throne when done. He also placed several dozen investigators in the field to eavesdrop on petty affairs and pursue them at once; and when they pursued a case, no office dared refuse them. Even serious prisoners held by the Censorate and the Court of Judicial Review, with trials still unfinished, Fuguo would summon to Yintai and release in a single stroke. The Three Offices and every prefecture and county consulted Fuguo before trying a case, fixing punishment as he pleased under the label of imperial edict; none dared disobey. Eunuchs did not dare use his title; all called him Fifth Lord. Li Kui, scion of a great Shandong clan, treated Fuguo with the deference due a kinsman and called him Fifth Father.
20
及李峴為相，於上前叩頭，論制敕皆應由中書出，具陳輔國專權亂政之狀，上感寤，賞其正直； 輔國所行事，多所變更，罷其察事。 輔國由是讓行軍司馬，請歸本官，上不許。 壬寅，制：「比緣軍國務殷，或宣口敕處分。 諸色取索及杖配囚徒，自今一切並停。 如非正宣，並不得行。 中外諸務，各歸有司。 英武軍虞候及六軍諸使、諸司等，比來或因論競，懸自追攝，自今一切須經台、府。 如所由處斷不平，聽具狀奏聞。 諸律令除十惡、殺人、奸、盜、造偽外，餘煩冗一切刪除，仍委中書、門下與法官詳定聞奏。」 輔國由是忌峴。
When Li Xian became chief minister he kowtowed before the emperor and argued that edicts must come from the Secretariat, detailing Fuguo's abuse of power. The emperor was moved and praised his integrity; much of what Fuguo had done was reversed, and his investigators were abolished. Fuguo then resigned as expedition marshal and asked to return to his original post; the emperor refused. On renyin an edict declared: "Because military and civil affairs have been pressing, oral edicts have sometimes been used for disposition. All requisitions and assignments of convicts to flogging are hereby stopped. Nothing not properly proclaimed may be carried out. All affairs within and without the court shall return to the proper offices. Adjutants of the Valiant Martial Army, envoys of the Six Armies, and all offices that have lately pursued and seized people on their own because of disputes must hereafter act only through the Censorate and prefectural authorities. If the deciding office is unfair, the parties may submit a memorial to the throne. Of all statutes except the ten abominations, murder, adultery, theft, and counterfeiting, all redundant provisions are deleted, and the Secretariat, Chancellery, and legal officers are to revise the remainder and report." From this Fuguo came to hate Xian.
21
甲辰，置陳、鄭、亳節度使，以鄧州刺史魯炅為之； 以徐州刺史尚衡為青、密等七州節度使； 以興平軍節度使李奐兼豫、許、汝三州節度使； 仍各於境上守捉防禦。
On jiachen the Chen, Zheng, and Bo military commission was established, with Deng Prefecture prefect Lu Hui as commissioner; Xuzhou prefect Shang Heng was made military commissioner of Qing, Mi, and six other prefectures; Xingping Army military commissioner Li Huan was additionally made military commissioner of Yu, Xu, and Ru; each to guard and defend his own borders.
22
九節度之潰於相州也，魯炅所部兵剽掠尤甚，聞郭子儀退屯河上，李光弼還太原，炅慚懼，飲藥而死。
When the nine military commissioners broke at Xiang Prefecture, Lu Hui's troops had looted worst of all. Hearing that Guo Ziyi had withdrawn to the river and Li Guangbi to Taiyuan, Hui took poison in shame and fear.
23
史思明自稱大燕皇帝，改元順天，立其妻辛氏為皇后，子朝義為懷王，以周摯為相，李歸仁為將，改范陽為燕京，諸州為郡。
Shi Siming proclaimed himself emperor of Great Yan, adopted the era name Shuntian, made his wife Lady Xin empress and his son Chaoyi Prince of Huai, appointed Zhou Zhi chancellor and Li Guiren general, renamed Fanyang the Yan capital, and turned prefectures into commanderies.
24
戊申，以鴻臚卿李抱玉為鄭、陳、穎、亳節度使。 抱玉，安興貴之後也，為李光弼裨將，屢有戰功，自陳恥與安祿山同姓，故賜姓李氏。
On wushen Director of Guests Li Baoyu was made military commissioner of Zheng, Chen, Ying, and Bo. Baoyu was a descendant of An Xinggui and served Li Guangbi as lieutenant general with repeated battle honors. He declared himself ashamed to share a surname with An Lushan and was granted the surname Li.
25
回紇毘伽闕可汗卒，長子葉護先遇殺，國人立其少子，是為登裡可汗。 回紇欲以寧國公主為殉。 公主曰：「回紇慕中國之俗，故娶中國女為婦。 若欲從其本俗，何必結婚萬里之外邪！」 然亦為之剺面而哭。
The Uyghur qaghan Bögü Qaghan died. His eldest son Yabghu had already been killed, and the people enthroned his younger son as Dengli Qaghan. The Uyghurs wished to sacrifice Princess Ningguo to accompany the dead. The princess said, "The Uyghurs admire Chinese custom—that is why they take Chinese wives. If you wish to follow your native custom, why marry a woman from ten thousand li away!" Yet she scarred her face in mourning and wept for him.
26
鳳翔馬坊押官為劫，天興尉謝夷甫捕殺之。 其妻訟冤。 李輔國素出飛龍廄，敕監察御史孫鎣鞫之，無冤。 又使御史中丞崔伯陽、刑部侍郎李曄、大理卿權獻鞫之，與鎣同。 妻猶不服。 又使侍御史太平毛若虛鞫之。 若虛傾巧士，希輔國意，歸罪夷甫。 伯陽怒，召若虛詰責，欲劾奏之。 若虛先自歸於上，上匿若虛於簾下。 伯陽尋至，言若虛附會中人，鞫獄不直。 上怒，叱出之。 伯陽貶高要尉，獻貶桂陽尉，曄與鳳翔尹嚴向皆貶嶺下尉，鎣除名，長流播州。 吏部尚書、同平章事李峴奏伯陽等無罪，責之太重； 上以為朋黨，五月，辛巳，貶峴蜀州刺史。 右散騎常侍韓擇木入對，上謂之曰：「李峴欲專權，今貶蜀州，朕自覺用法太寬。」 對曰：「李峴言直，非專權。 陛下寬之，只益聖德耳。」 若虛尋除御史中丞，威振朝廷。
A Fengxiang horse-pasture escort officer turned robber; Tianxing magistrate Xie Yifu captured and killed him. His wife sued, claiming injustice. Li Fuguo, who had come from the Flying Dragon Stud, ordered investigating censor Sun Jin to try the case; Jin found no injustice. He had Vice Censor-in-Chief Cui Boyang, Vice Minister of Justice Li Ye, and Court of Judicial Review chief Quan Xian retry it; they agreed with Jin. The wife still would not accept the verdict. He sent attendant censor Taiping Mao Ruoxu to try it again. Ruoxu was a crafty man who curried Fuguo's favor and blamed Yifu. Boyang was furious, summoned Ruoxu to rebuke him, and prepared to impeach him. Ruoxu went first to the emperor, who hid him behind the curtain. When Boyang arrived he said Ruoxu had curried favor with the eunuchs and judged unjustly. The emperor flew into a rage and had him driven out. Boyang was demoted to magistrate of Gaoyao, Xian to Guiyang, Ye and Fengxiang intendant Yan Xiang to posts in the Lingnan, Jin stripped of rank and exiled to Bozhou. Minister of Personnel and Grand Councillor Li Xian memorialized that Boyang and the others were innocent and the punishments too severe; the emperor took it as factional defense. In the fifth month, on xinsi, Xian was demoted to prefect of Shuzhou. Right Regular Attendant Han Zemu came to audience. The emperor said, "Li Xian wanted to monopolize power; now that he is demoted to Shuzhou, I myself feel I was too lenient." Zemu replied, "Li Xian spoke plainly; that was not monopolizing power. If Your Majesty pardons him, it will only add to Your sagely virtue." Ruoxu was soon made Vice Censor-in-Chief, and his authority dominated the court.
27
壬午，以滑、濮節度使許叔冀為汴州刺史，充滑、汴等七州節度使； 以試汝州刺史劉展為滑州刺史，充副使。
On renwu Hua and Pu military commissioner Xu Shuji was made prefect of Bian and military commissioner of Hua, Bian, and five other prefectures; acting Ru Prefecture prefect Liu Zhan was made prefect of Hua and deputy commissioner.
28
六月，丁巳，分朔方置邠、寧等九州節度使。
In the sixth month, on dingsi, Shuofang was divided and military commissioners were placed over Bin, Ning, and eight other prefectures.
29
觀軍容使魚朝恩惡郭子儀，因其敗，短之於上。 秋，七月，上召子儀還京師，以李光弼代為朔方節度使、兵馬元師。 士卒涕泣，遮中使請留子儀。 子儀紿之曰：「我餞中使耳，未行也。」 因躍馬而去。
Army-oversight commissioner Yu Chao'en hated Guo Ziyi and, using his defeat as pretext, slandered him to the emperor. In autumn, the seventh month, the emperor recalled Ziyi to the capital and replaced him with Li Guangbi as Shuofang military commissioner and supreme army commander. The soldiers wept, blocked the imperial envoy, and begged to keep Ziyi. Ziyi deceived them, saying, "I am only seeing off the envoy; I am not leaving yet." Then he spurred his horse and rode away.
30
光弼願得親王為之副，辛巳，以趙王系為天下兵馬元帥，光弼副之，仍以光弼知諸節度行營。 光弼以河東騎五百馳赴東都，夜，入其軍。 光弼治軍嚴整，始至，號令一施，士卒、壁壘、旌旗、精彩皆變。 是時朔方將士樂子儀之寬，憚光弼之嚴。
Guangbi asked for an imperial prince as deputy. On xinsi the Prince of Zhao, Xi, was made supreme commander of the realm's armies, with Guangbi as deputy, while Guangbi retained charge of the various expeditionary camps. Guangbi galloped to the Eastern Capital with five hundred Hedong horsemen and entered the army by night. Guangbi ran a tight army. As soon as he arrived and his first orders went out, the troops, the camps, the banners, and the whole spirit of the force changed. The Shuofang troops had loved Ziyi's lenience and now feared Guangbi's severity.
31
左廂兵馬使張用濟屯河陽，光弼以檄召之。 用濟曰：「朔方，非叛軍也，乘夜而入，何見疑之甚邪！」 與諸將謀以精銳突入東京，逐光弼，請子儀； 命其士皆被甲上馬，銜枚以待。 都知兵馬使僕固懷恩曰：「鄴城之潰，郭公先去，朝廷責帥，故罷其兵柄。 今逐李公而強請之，違拒朝命，是反也，其可乎！」 右武鋒使康元寶曰：「君以兵請郭公，朝廷必疑郭公諷君為之，是破其家也。 郭公百口何負於君乎！」 用濟乃止。 光弼以數千騎東出汜水，用濟單騎來謁。 光弼責用濟召不時至，斬之，命部將辛京杲代領其眾。
Left wing army-and-horse commissioner Zhang Yongji was encamped at Heyang; Guangbi summoned him by dispatch. Yongji said, "Shuofang is not rebel territory—why enter by night with such suspicion!" He plotted with the generals to break into the Eastern Capital with elite troops, drive out Guangbi, and demand Ziyi's return; he ordered his men to arm, mount, and wait in silence with gag-sticks in their mouths. Chief army-and-horse commissioner Pugu Huai'en said, "At the rout at Ye city Lord Guo withdrew first; the court blamed the commander and removed his command. To drive out Lord Li and force them to recall Lord Guo would defy the court—that is rebellion. How can we do it!" Right Martial Vanguard commissioner Kang Yuanbao said, "If you use troops to demand Lord Guo, the court will suspect he incited you—that will destroy his household. What has Lord Guo's household done to wrong you!" Yongji then abandoned the plan. Guangbi rode east from Sishui with several thousand horsemen; Yongji came alone to pay his respects. Guangbi rebuked Yongji for failing to come promptly, beheaded him, and put his subordinate Xin Jinggao in command of his troops.
32
僕固懷恩繼至，光弼引坐，與語。 須臾，閽者曰：「蕃、渾五百騎至矣。」 光弼變色。 懷恩走出，召麾下將，陽責之曰：「語汝勿來，何得固違！」 光弼曰：「士卒隨將，亦復何罪！」 命給牛酒。
Pugu Huai'en arrived next; Guangbi seated him and spoke with him. Before long the gatekeeper announced, "Five hundred Tibetan and Hun horsemen have arrived." Guangbi's face changed. Huai'en went out, summoned his officers, and feigned rebuke: "I told you not to come—why do you disobey!" Guangbi said, "Soldiers follow their general—what crime is theirs!" He ordered cattle and wine given them.
33
丁亥，以潞沁節度使王思禮兼太原尹，充北京留守、河東節度使。
On dinghai Luzhou and Qinzhou military commissioner Wang Silun was additionally made Taiyuan intendant, Northern Capital garrison commander, and Hedong military commissioner.
34
初，潼關之敗，思禮馬中矢而斃，有騎卒盩厔張光晟下馬授之，問其姓名，不告而去。 思禮陰識其狀貌，求之不獲。 及至河東，或譖代州刺史河西辛雲京，思禮怒之，雲京懼，不知所出。 光晟時在雲京麾下，曰：「光晟嘗有德於王公，從來不敢言者，恥以此取賞耳。 今使君有急，光晟請往見王公，必為使君解之。」 雲京喜，即遣之。 光晟謁思禮，未及言，思禮識之，曰：「噫！ 子非吾故人乎？ 何相見之晚邪！」 光晟以實告，思禮大喜，執其手，流涕曰：「吾之有今日，皆子力也，吾求子久矣。」 引與同榻坐，約為兄弟。 光晟因從容言雲京之冤。 思禮曰：「雲京過亦不細，今日特為故人捨之。」 即日擢光晟為兵馬使，贈金帛田宅甚厚。
Earlier, at the defeat at Tong Pass, Silun's horse was killed by an arrow. A mounted soldier named Zhang Guangcheng of Zhouzhi dismounted and gave him his horse, asked his name, and left without giving his own. Silun remembered his face and searched for him in vain. When he reached Hedong, someone slandered Dai Prefecture prefect Xin Yunjing of Hexi. Silun was angry, and Yunjing was terrified and at a loss. Guangcheng was then in Yunjing's service and said, "I once did your lord a service at Tong Pass but never spoke of it, ashamed to claim a reward. Now that my lord is in trouble, let me go to Lord Wang; he will surely clear you." Yunjing was delighted and sent him at once. Guangcheng called on Silun. Before he could speak, Silun recognized him and cried, "Ah! Are you not my old friend? Why did we meet so late!" Guangcheng told the whole story. Silun was overjoyed, took his hand, and wept: "What I am today is all your doing. I have searched for you so long." He drew him to sit on the same couch and pledged brotherhood. Guangcheng then spoke gently of Yunjing's injustice. Silun said, "Yunjing's faults are not slight, but today I forgive him for an old friend's sake." That same day he promoted Guangcheng to army-and-horse commissioner and gave him lavish gifts of gold, silk, fields, and houses.
35
辛卯，以朔方節度副使、殿中監僕固懷恩兼太常卿，進爵大寧郡王。 懷恩從郭子儀為前鋒，勇冠三軍，前後戰功居多，故賞之。
On xinmao Shuofang deputy military commissioner and Palace Supervisor Pugu Huai'en was additionally made Director of Imperial Sacrifices and advanced to Prince of Daning. Huai'en had served Guo Ziyi as vanguard with courage unmatched in the army and more battle honors than any other, and was rewarded accordingly.
36
八月，乙巳，襄州將康楚元、張嘉延據州作亂，刺史王政奔荊州。 楚元自稱南楚霸王。
In the eighth month, on yisi, Xiang Prefecture generals Kang Chuyuan and Zhang Jiayan seized the prefecture in revolt; prefect Wang Zheng fled to Jing Prefecture. Chuyuan styled himself Hegemon-King of Southern Chu.
37
回紇以寧國公主無子，聽歸； 丙辰，至京師。
Because Princess Ningguo had borne no son, the Uyghurs permitted her return; on bingchen she reached the capital.
38
戊午，上使將軍曹日昇往襄州慰諭康楚元，貶王政為饒州長史，以司農少卿張光奇為襄州刺史； 楚元不從。
On wuwu the emperor sent General Cao Risheng to Xiang Prefecture to reassure Kang Chuyuan, demoted Wang Zheng to chief secretary of Raozhou, and appointed Vice Director of Agriculture Zhang Guangqi prefect of Xiang; Chuyuan refused to comply.
39
壬戌，以李光弼為幽州長史、河北節度等使。
On renxu Li Guangbi was appointed chief secretary of You Prefecture and Hebei military commissioner and related offices.
40
九月，甲午，張嘉延襲破荊州，荊南節度使杜鴻漸棄城走，澧、朗、郢、峽、歸等州官吏聞之，爭潛竄山谷。
In the ninth month, on jiawu, Zhang Jiayan raided and captured Jing Prefecture. Jingnan military commissioner Du Hongjian abandoned the city and fled. When officials in Li, Lang, Ying, Xia, Gui, and other prefectures heard the news, they all scrambled to hide in the hills.
41
戊辰，更令絳州鑄乾元重寶大錢，加以重輪，一當五十； 在京百官，先以軍旅畢無俸祿，宜以新錢給其冬料。
On wuchen the court again ordered Jiang Prefecture to cast Qianyuan Heavy Treasure large coins with a double rim, each to pass for fifty; Capital officials, who had already lost their salaries entirely to the war effort, were to receive their winter rations in the new coin.
42
丁亥，以太子少保崔光遠為荊、襄招討使，充山南東道處置兵馬都使； 以陳、穎、亳、申節度使王仲升為申、沔等五州節度使，知淮南西道行軍兵馬。
On dinghai Vice Grand Protector of the Heir Apparent Cui Guangyuan was made Jing and Xiang pacification commissioner and overall director of troops and horses for the Shannan East Circuit; Chen, Ying, Bo, and Shen military commissioner Wang Zhongsheng was made military commissioner of Shen, Mian, and four other prefectures and given charge of Huainan West Circuit expeditionary forces.
43
史思明使其子朝清守范陽，命諸郡太守各將兵三千從己向河南，分為四道，使其將令狐彰將兵五千自黎陽濟河取滑州，思明自濮陽，史朝義自白皋，周摯自胡良濟河，會於汴州。
Shi Siming left his son Chaoqing to hold Fanyang and ordered each prefectural prefect to lead three thousand men south into Henan. He divided his force into four columns: his general Linghu Zhang was to take five thousand men from Liyang, cross the river, and seize Hua Prefecture; Siming himself would advance from Puyang, Shi Chaoyi from Baigao, and Zhou Zhi from Huliang, all crossing the river to rendezvous at Bian Prefecture.
44
李光弼方巡河上諸營，聞之，還入汴州，謂汴滑節度使許叔冀曰：「大夫能守汴州十五日，我則將兵來救。」 叔冀許諾。 光弼還東京。 思明至汴州，叔冀與戰，不勝，遂與濮州刺史董秦及其將梁浦、劉從諫、田神功等降之。 思明以叔冀為中書令，與其將李詳守汴州； 厚待董秦，收其妻子，置長蘆為質； 使其將南德信與梁浦、劉從諫、田神功等數十人徇江、淮。 神功，南宮人也。 思明以為平盧兵馬使。 頃之，神功襲德信，斬之。 從諫脫身走。 神功將其眾來降。
Li Guangbi was inspecting the camps along the river when he heard the news. He returned to Bian Prefecture and told Bian and Hua military commissioner Xu Shuji, "If you can hold Bian Prefecture for fifteen days, I will bring troops to relieve you." Shuji agreed. Guangbi returned to the Eastern Capital. When Siming reached Bian Prefecture, Shuji gave battle and was defeated. He then surrendered, along with Pu Prefecture prefect Dong Qin and his generals Liang Pu, Liu Congjian, Tian Shegong, and others. Siming made Shuji Secretariat Director and left his general Li Xiang to hold Bian Prefecture; he treated Dong Qin generously, took his wife and children hostage, and held them at Changlu as surety; he sent his general Nan Dexin with Liang Pu, Liu Congjian, Tian Shegong, and several dozen others to sweep the Yangzi and Huai regions. Shegong was a native of Nangong. Siming made him Pinglu army-and-horse commissioner. Before long Shegong ambushed Dexin and killed him. Congjian broke free and fled. Shegong brought his troops over to surrender.
45
思明乘勝西攻鄭州。 光弼整眾徐行，至洛陽，謂留守韋陟曰：「賊乘勝而來； 利在按兵，不利速戰。 洛城不可守，於公計何如？」 陟請留兵於陝，退守潼關，據險以挫其銳。 光弼曰：「兩敵相當，貴進忌退，今無故棄五百里地，則賊勢益張矣。 不若移軍河陽，北連澤潞，利則進取，不利則退守，表裡相應，使賊不敢西侵，此猿臂之勢也。 夫辨朝廷之禮，光弼不如公； 論軍旅之事，公不如光弼。」 陟無以應。 判官韋損曰：「東京帝宅，侍中奈何不守？」 光弼曰：「守之，則汜水、崿嶺、龍門皆應置兵，子為兵馬判官，能守之乎？」 遂移牒留守韋陟使帥東京官屬西入關，牒河南尹李若幽使帥吏民出城避賊，空其城。 光弼帥軍士運油、鐵諸物詣河陽為守備，光弼以五百騎殿。 時思明遊兵已至石橋，諸將請曰：「今自洛城而北乎，當石橋而進乎？」 光弼曰：「當石橋而進。」 及日暮，光弼乘炬徐行，部曲堅重，賊引兵躡之，不敢逼。 光弼夜至河陽，有兵二萬，糧才支十日。 光弼按閱守備，部分士卒，無不嚴辦。 庚寅，思明入洛陽，城空，無所得，畏光弼掎其後，不敢入宮，退屯白馬寺南，築月城於河陽南以拒光弼。 於是鄭、滑等州相繼陷沒，韋陟、李若幽皆寓治於陝。 冬，十月，丁酉，下制親征史思明； 群臣上表諫，乃止。
Siming pressed his advantage and marched west to attack Zheng Prefecture. Guangbi reformed his troops and marched slowly to Luoyang. He told garrison commander Wei Zhi, "The rebels are coming on the momentum of victory; our advantage lies in holding back; a quick fight would not serve us. Luoyang cannot be held. What do you propose?" Zhi proposed leaving troops at Shan, falling back to Tong Pass, and using the terrain to blunt the enemy's momentum. Guangbi said, "When two equal foes meet, advance is prized and retreat is dangerous. To abandon five hundred li of ground for no reason would only swell the rebels' power. Better to shift the army to Heyang, link north with Ze and Lu, advance when we can and fall back when we must, with inner and outer positions supporting each other so the rebels dare not push west. That is the posture of an ape's arm. In matters of court ritual, Guangbi is no match for you; but in military affairs you are no match for Guangbi." Zhi had no reply. Adjutant Wei Sun said, "The Eastern Capital is the imperial residence—how can the attendant-in-chief abandon it?" Guangbi said, "To hold it we would have to garrison Sishui, Eling, and Longmen as well. You are army-and-horse adjutant—can you hold them?" He then ordered garrison commander Wei Zhi by dispatch to lead Eastern Capital officials west through the passes, and Henan intendant Li Ruoyou to evacuate officials and civilians from the city, leaving it empty. Guangbi led his soldiers in transporting oil, iron, and other supplies to Heyang to prepare its defenses, while he himself brought up the rear with five hundred horsemen. By then Siming's advance troops had reached Shiqiao. The generals asked, "Shall we go north from Luoyang, or advance through Shiqiao?" Guangbi said, "Advance through Shiqiao." At dusk Guangbi marched slowly by torchlight. His ranks held firm and steady, and though the rebels followed they did not dare close in. Guangbi reached Heyang by night with twenty thousand troops and provisions for only ten days. Guangbi inspected the defenses and assigned the troops; every detail was rigorously in order. On gengyin Siming entered Luoyang. The city was empty and he gained nothing. Fearing Guangbi might strike from behind, he did not dare enter the palace. He withdrew to camp south of White Horse Temple and built a crescent fort south of Heyang to block Guangbi. Zheng, Hua, and other prefectures then fell one after another. Wei Zhi and Li Ruoyou both governed from Shan in exile. In winter, the tenth month, on dingyou an edict was issued for the emperor to lead a personal campaign against Shi Siming; the ministers submitted memorials urging him not to go, and the plan was dropped.
46
史思明引兵攻河陽，使驍將劉龍仙詣城下挑戰。 龍仙恃勇，舉右足加馬鬣上，慢罵光弼。 光弼顧諸將曰：「誰能取彼者？」 僕固懷恩請行。 光弼曰：「此非大將所為。」 左右言「裨將白孝德可往。」 光弼召問之。 孝德請行。 光弼問：「須幾何兵？」 對曰：「請挺身取之。」 光弼壯其志，然固問所須。 對曰：「願選五十騎出壘門為後繼，兼請大軍助鼓噪以增氣。」 光弼撫其背而遣之。 孝德挾二矛，策馬亂流而進。 半涉，懷恩賀曰：「克矣。」 光弼曰：「鋒未交，何以知之？」 懷恩曰：「觀其攬轡安閒，知其萬全。」 龍仙見其獨來，甚易之； 稍近，將動，孝德搖手示之，若非來為敵者，龍仙不測而止。 去之十步，乃與之言，龍仙慢罵如初。 孝德息馬良久，因瞋目謂曰：「賊識我乎？」 龍仙曰：「誰也？」 曰：「我，白孝德也。」 龍仙曰：「是何狗彘！」 孝德大呼，運矛躍馬搏之。 城上鼓噪，五十騎繼進。 龍仙矢不及發，環走堤上。 孝德追及，斬首，攜之以歸。 賊眾大駭。 孝德，本安西胡人也。
Shi Siming led troops against Heyang and sent his fierce general Liu Longxian to challenge the defenders below the wall. Longxian, trusting in his courage, rested his right foot on the horse's mane and hurled insults at Guangbi. Guangbi looked at his generals and asked, "Who can bring down that man?" Pugu Huai'en volunteered. Guangbi said, "This is not work for a chief general." Those beside him said, "Lieutenant general Bai Xiaode can go." Guangbi summoned him and questioned him. Xiaode volunteered. Guangbi asked, "How many men do you need?" He replied, "I ask to go alone and take him." Guangbi admired his spirit but still pressed him on what he needed. He replied, "I want fifty horsemen to sally from the camp gate as backup, and I ask the main army to drum and shout to raise our spirits." Guangbi clapped him on the back and sent him off. Xiaode tucked two spears under his arms and spurred his horse through the swirling current. When he was halfway across, Huai'en cried, "He is as good as taken." Guangbi said, "The blades have not yet crossed—how do you know?" Huai'en said, "Watch how calmly he holds the reins—I know he is completely sure of himself." Longxian saw him come alone and took him lightly; as he drew nearer and was about to move, Xiaode waved his hand as if he were not coming as an enemy. Longxian, unable to read him, held still. When they were ten paces apart, they spoke; Longxian hurled the same contemptuous insults as before. Xiaode reined in his horse for a long while, then glared and said, "Rebel, do you know who I am?" Longxian said, "Who are you?" He said, "I am Bai Xiaode." Longxian said, "What kind of cur is this!" Xiaode shouted, swung his spear, spurred his horse forward, and closed with him. Drums and shouts rose from the wall as fifty horsemen charged out in support. Longxian could not even get off a shot and circled along the embankment. Xiaode caught him, cut off his head, and carried it back. The rebel troops were terrified. Xiaode was originally a Hu from Anxi.
47
思明有良馬千餘匹，每日出於河南渚浴之，循環不休以示多。 光弼命索軍中牝馬，得五百匹，縶其駒於城內。 俟思明馬至水際，盡出之，馬嘶不已，思明馬悉浮渡河，一時驅之入城。 思明怒，列戰船數百艘，泛火船於前而隨之，欲乘流燒浮橋。 光弼先貯百尺長竿數百枚，以巨木承其根，氈裹鐵叉置其首，以迎火船而叉之。 船不得進，須臾自焚盡。 又以叉拒戰船，於橋上發砲石擊之，中者皆沉沒，賊不勝而去。
Siming had more than a thousand fine horses. Each day they were brought out to bathe at the Henan sandbars, circling endlessly to show how many he had. Guangbi ordered a search for mares in the army and found five hundred. Their foals were tethered inside the city. When Siming's horses reached the water's edge, all the mares were released. They neighed without cease, Siming's horses swam across the river, and in one rush they were driven into the city. Siming was furious. He lined up several hundred warships, sent fire ships ahead down the current, and followed them, hoping to burn the pontoon bridge. Guangbi had already stockpiled several hundred poles, each a hundred feet long mounted on great timbers, with felt-wrapped iron forks at the tips to meet the fire ships and hook them aside. The ships could not advance and in a moment burned out on their own. They also used the forks to fend off the warships and hurled catapult stones from the bridge. Every ship struck sank, and the rebels withdrew defeated.
48
思明見兵於河清，欲絕光弼糧道，光弼軍於野水渡以備之。 既夕，還河陽，留兵千人，使部將雍希顥守其柵，曰：「賊將高庭暉、李日越、喻文景，皆萬人敵也。 思明必使一人來劫我。 我且去之，汝待於此。 若賊至，勿與之戰。 降，則與之俱來。」 諸將莫諭其意，皆竊笑之。 既而思明果謂李日越曰：「李光弼長於憑城，今出在野，此成擒矣。 汝以鐵騎宵濟，為我取之，不得，則勿返。」 日越將五百騎晨至柵下，希顥阻壕休卒，吟嘯相視。 日越怪之，問曰：「司空在乎？」 曰：「夜去矣。」 「兵幾何？」 曰：「千人。」 「將誰？」 曰：「雍希顥。」 日越默計久之，謂其下曰：「今失李光弼，得希顥而歸，吾死必矣，不如降也。」 遂請降。 希顥與之俱見光弼，光弼厚待之，任以心腹。 高庭暉聞之，亦降。 或問光弼：「降二將何易也？」 光弼曰：「此人情耳。 思明常恨不得野戰，聞我在外，以為必可取。 日越不獲我，勢不敢歸。 庭暉才勇過於日越，聞日越被寵任，必思奪之矣。」 庭暉時為五台府果毅。 己亥，以庭暉為右武衛大將軍。
Siming showed troops at Heqing, intending to cut Guangbi's supply line. Guangbi encamped at Yeshui Ford to block him. At evening he returned to Heyang, leaving a thousand men under his subordinate Yong Xihao to hold the palisade. He said, "The rebel generals Gao Tinghui, Li Riyue, and Yu Wenjing are each a match for ten thousand men. Siming is sure to send one of them to raid us. I am leaving for now. You wait here. If the rebels come, do not fight them. If they surrender, bring them back with you." None of the generals understood what he meant, and they all laughed behind his back. Before long Siming did say to Li Riyue, "Li Guangbi excels at fighting from behind walls. Now he is out in the open—this is a sure capture. Take iron cavalry across by night and seize him for me. If you fail, do not come back." Riyue arrived at the palisade at dawn with five hundred horsemen. Xihao blocked the moat, rested his men, and hummed and whistled as they looked at one another. Riyue found it strange and asked, "Is the Minister of Works here?" He was told, "He left last night." "How many men?" "A thousand." "Who commands them?" "Yong Xihao." Riyue thought for a long while and then told his men, "I missed Li Guangbi and would return with only Xihao—I am as good as dead. Better to surrender." He then offered to surrender. Xihao brought him to Guangbi, who treated him generously and took him into his inner circle. When Gao Tinghui heard of it, he surrendered too. Someone asked Li Guangbi, "Why was it so easy to get those two generals to defect? Li Guangbi replied, "That is simply human nature. Siming has always wished for a pitched battle in the open field. When he heard I was away from the city, he assumed I could be captured. Riyue failed to take me, so he would not dare go back empty-handed. Tinghui is more gifted and bold than Riyue. Once he heard Riyue had been favored and given command, he would be bound to try to supplant him. Gao Tinghui was then a guoyi officer of Wutai Prefecture. On jihai, Gao Tinghui was appointed Grand General of the Right Martial Guard."
49
思明復攻河陽，光弼謂鄭陳節度使李抱玉曰：「將軍能為我守南城二日乎？」 抱玉曰：「過期何如？」 光弼曰：「過期救不至，任棄之。」 抱玉許諾，勒兵拒守。 城且陷，抱玉紿之曰：「吾糧盡，明旦當降。」 賊喜，斂軍以待之。 抱玉繕完城備，明日，復請戰。 賊怒，急攻之。 抱玉出奇兵，表裡夾擊，殺傷甚眾。
Shi Siming again attacked Heyang. Li Guangbi said to Li Baoyu, military governor of Zheng and Chen, "Can you hold the south city for me for two days? Baoyu asked, "And if the two days pass? Guangbi said, "If the deadline passes and relief has not come, you may abandon the city. Baoyu agreed and marshaled his troops to defend the walls. When the city was nearly lost, Baoyu deceived the enemy, saying, "Our provisions are spent. We will surrender tomorrow morning. The rebels rejoiced, pulled back their forces, and waited. Baoyu used the respite to repair the defenses, and the next day he offered battle again. Enraged, the rebels pressed the assault. Baoyu sent out a surprise force and attacked from inside and out, inflicting heavy casualties.
50
董秦從思明寇河陽，夜帥其眾五百，拔柵突圍，降於光弼。 時光弼自將屯中水單，城外置柵，柵外穿塹，深廣二丈。 乙巳，賊將周摯捨南城，並力攻中水單。 光弼命荔非元禮出勁卒於羊馬城以拒賊。 光弼自於城東北隅建小朱旗以望賊。 賊恃其眾，直進逼城，以車載攻具自隨，督眾填塹，三面各八道以過兵，又開柵為門。 光弼望賊逼城，使問元禮曰：「中丞視賊填塹開柵過兵，晏然不動，何也？」 元禮曰：「司空欲守乎，戰乎？」 光弼曰：「欲戰。」 元禮曰：「欲戰，則賊為吾填塹，何為禁之？」 光弼曰：「善，吾所不及，勉之！」 元禮俟柵開，帥敢死士突出擊賊，卻走數百步。 元禮度賊陣堅，未易摧陷，乃復引退，須其怠而擊之。 光弼望見元禮退，怒，遣左右召，欲斬之。 元禮曰：「戰正急，召何為？」 乃退入柵中。 賊亦不敢逼。 良久，鼓噪出柵門，奮擊，破之。
Dong Qin had followed Shi Siming in the attack on Heyang. By night he led five hundred men, tore down the palisade, broke out of the encirclement, and surrendered to Li Guangbi. Li Guangbi was then in personal command at the Zhongshui encampment. Outside the city he had built palisades, and beyond them a moat twenty chi deep and wide. On yisi the rebel general Zhou Zhi gave up the south city and concentrated his forces against the Zhongshui encampment. Guangbi ordered Lifei Yuanli to deploy elite troops on the cavalry rampart to hold the rebels. Guangbi himself raised a small vermilion banner at the northeast corner of the wall to observe the enemy. Trusting in their numbers, the rebels pressed straight toward the walls with siege engines on wagons, driving their men to fill the moat. On three sides they opened eight lanes each for troops to cross, and they cut gates through the palisades. Seeing the enemy close on the walls, Guangbi sent to ask Yuanli, "You watch them fill the moat, break through the palisades, and march troops across, yet you sit perfectly still. Why? Yuanli replied, "Do you mean to hold the city, or to fight? Guangbi said, "To fight. Yuanli said, "If you mean to fight, let them fill the moat for us. Why stop them? Guangbi said, "Well said. That is beyond my reach. Press on! Yuanli waited until the palisade gate was opened, then led his death-defying troops in a sudden charge and drove the enemy back several hundred paces. Yuanli judged the enemy line too firm to break at once, so he withdrew again to wait until they slackened before striking. When Guangbi saw Yuanli fall back, he flew into a rage, sent attendants to summon him, and meant to behead him. Yuanli said, "The fighting is at its height. Why summon me now? He withdrew back into the palisade. The rebels did not dare press him further. After a long interval he raised a battle cry, burst from the palisade gate, struck hard, and broke the enemy.
51
周摯復收兵趣北城。 光弼遽帥眾入北城，登城望賊曰：「賊兵雖多，囂而不整，不足畏也。 不過日中，保為諸君破之。」 乃命諸將出戰。 及期，不決，召諸將問曰：「向來賊陣，何方最堅？」 曰：「西北隅。」 光弼命其將郝廷玉當之。 廷玉請騎兵五百，與之三百。 又問其次堅者。 曰：「東南隅。 光弼命其將論惟貞當之。 惟貞請鐵騎三百，與之二百。 光弼令諸將曰：「爾輩望吾旗而戰，吾颭旗緩，任爾擇利而戰； 吾急颭旗三至地，則萬眾齊入，死生以之，少退者斬！」 又以短刀置靴中，曰：「戰，危事。 吾國之三公，不可死賊手。 萬一戰不利，諸君前死於敵，我自剄於此，不令諸君獨死也。」 諸將出戰，頃之，廷玉奔還。 光弼望之，驚曰：「廷玉退，吾事危矣！」 命左右取廷玉首，廷玉曰：「馬中箭，非敢退也。」 使者馳報。 光弼令易馬，遣之。 僕固懷恩及其子開府儀同三司瑒戰小卻，光弼又命取其首。 懷恩父子顧見使者提刀馳來，更前決戰。 光弼連颭其旗，諸將齊進致死，呼聲動天地，賊眾大潰，斬首千餘級，捕虜五百人，溺死者千餘人。 周摯以數騎遁去，擒其大將徐璜玉、李秦授，其河南節度使安太清走保懷州。 思明不知摯敗，尚攻南城，光弼驅俘囚臨河示之，乃遁。
Zhou Zhi regrouped and hurried toward the north city. Guangbi hurried his troops into the north city, mounted the wall, looked out at the enemy, and said, "Their numbers are great, but they are noisy and disordered. There is nothing to fear. Before noon I pledge to break them for you. He then ordered his generals into battle. When the hour came he held back. He summoned his generals and asked, "In the enemy line just now, which sector was strongest? They answered, "The northwest corner. Guangbi ordered his general Hao Tingyu to face it. Tingyu asked for five hundred horsemen and was given three hundred. He asked next which sector was second strongest. They said, "The southeast corner. Guangbi ordered his general Lun Weizhen to face it. Weizhen asked for three hundred armored horsemen and was given two hundred. Guangbi told his generals, "Fight by my banner. When I wave it slowly, choose your own moment and ground; when I whip the banner three times to the ground, the whole army charges as one. Life or death on that stroke. Anyone who falls back even a step will be beheaded! He also tucked a short knife into his boot and said, "War is perilous. A grand minister of our state must not die at rebel hands. If the battle goes badly, you go die on the enemy first. I will cut my own throat here. I will not let you die alone. The generals went out to fight. Before long Tingyu came galloping back. Guangbi saw him and cried in alarm, "Tingyu has fallen back. All is lost! He ordered his attendants to take Tingyu's head. Tingyu said, "My horse was hit. I did not mean to retreat. The messenger galloped back with the report. Guangbi had his horse changed and sent him back into the fight. Pugu Huai'en and his son Yang, a Kaifu yitong sansi, gave ground slightly in the fighting, and Guangbi again ordered their heads taken. Father and son Huai'en looked back, saw the messenger galloping toward them with blade drawn, and pressed forward again to fight to the finish. Guangbi whipped his banner again and again. The generals charged together as if unto death. Their battle cries shook heaven and earth. The rebel army collapsed completely. More than a thousand heads were taken, five hundred captives seized, and more than a thousand drowned. Zhou Zhi escaped with a few horsemen. The rebel generals Xu Huangyu and Li Qinshou were captured. An Taiqing, their Henan military governor, fled to hold Huai Prefecture. Shi Siming did not know Zhou Zhi had been beaten and was still attacking the south city. Guangbi paraded captives along the river to show them, and then the rebels withdrew."
52
丁巳，以李日越為右金吾大將軍。
On dingsi, Li Riyue was appointed Grand General of the Right Golden Guard.
53
邛、簡、嘉、眉、瀘、戎等州蠻反。
The tribal peoples of Qiong, Jian, Jia, Mei, Lu, Rong, and other prefectures rose in rebellion.
54
十一月，甲子，以殿中監董秦為陝西、神策兩軍兵馬使，賜姓李，名忠臣。
In the eleventh month, on jiazi, Palace Supervisor Dong Qin was made military commissioner of the Shaanxi and Shence armies. He was granted the surname Li and given the name Zhongchen.
55
康楚元等眾至萬餘人，商州刺史、充荊襄等道租庸使韋倫發兵討之，駐於鄧之境，招諭降者，厚撫之； 伺其稍怠，進軍擊之，生擒楚元，其眾遂潰； 得其所掠租庸二百萬緡，荊、襄皆平。 倫，見素之從祖弟也。 發安西、北庭兵屯陝，以備史思明。
Kang Chuyuan and his followers numbered more than ten thousand. Wei Lun, governor of Shang Prefecture and grain-tax commissioner for the Jing and Xiang circuits, raised troops against them, encamped on the border of Deng, summoned those willing to surrender, and treated them generously; when he saw them slacken, he advanced and attacked, captured Chuyuan alive, and their force broke apart; recovered two million strings of plundered grain tax, and Jing and Xiang were both pacified. Wei Lun was a younger cousin of Pei Jian Su on his father's side. Troops from Anxi and Beiting were sent to encamp at Shan as a precaution against Shi Siming.
56
第五琦作乾元錢、重輪錢，與開元錢三品並行，民爭盜鑄，貨輕物重，谷價騰踴，餓殍相望。 上言者皆歸咎於琦，庚午，貶琦忠州長史。 御史大夫賀蘭進明貶溱州員外司馬，坐琦黨也。
Diwu Qi introduced Qianyuan coins and double-rim coins to circulate alongside Kaiyuan coins in three denominations. The people rushed to illicit casting. Money grew light and goods heavy; grain prices soared, and the starving lay everywhere in sight of one another. Memorialists all blamed Diwu Qi. On gengwu he was demoted to prefectural administrator of Zhong Prefecture. Censor-in-chief Helan Jinming was demoted to supernumerary adjutant of Qin Prefecture for association with Qi's faction.
57
十二月，甲午，呂諲領度支使。
In the twelfth month, on jiawu, Lü Yin took charge as commissioner of the census.
58
乙巳，韋倫送康楚元詣闕，斬之。
On yisi, Wei Lun sent Kang Chuyuan to the capital, where he was beheaded.
59
史思明遣其將李歸仁將鐵騎五千寇陝州，神策兵馬使衛伯玉以數百騎擊破之於礓子阪，得馬六百匹，歸仁走。 以伯玉為鎮西四鎮行營節度使。 李忠臣與歸仁等戰於永寧、莎柵之間，屢破之。
Shi Siming sent his general Li Guiren with five thousand armored horsemen to raid Shan Prefecture. Wei Boyu, military commissioner of the Shence army, defeated them at Jiangzi Slope with several hundred horsemen, seized six hundred horses, and Guiren fled. Wei Boyu was appointed military commissioner of the expeditionary headquarters of the Four Garrisons west of the pass. Li Zhongchen fought Guiren and his men between Yongning and Sha Palisade and repeatedly defeated them.
60
肅宗文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝下之上上元元年（ 庚子，公元七六零年）
The latter part of the reign of Emperor Suzong of Tang—Shangyuan year 1 ( gengzi, AD 760)
61
春，正月，辛巳，以李光弼為太尉兼中書令，餘如故。
In spring, on xinsi of the first month, Li Guangbi was appointed Grand Marshal and concurrently Director of the Secretariat; his other offices remained unchanged.
62
丙戌，以于闐王勝之弟曜同四鎮節度副使，權知本國事。
On bingxu, Yao, younger brother of the king of Khotan, Sheng, was made deputy military commissioner of the Four Garrisons with provisional charge of the affairs of his kingdom.
63
党項等羌吞噬邊鄙，將逼京畿，乃分邠寧等州節度為鄜坊丹延節度，亦謂之渭北節度。 以邠州刺史桑如珪領邠寧，鄜州刺史杜冕領鄜坊節度副使，分道招討。 戊子，以郭子儀領兩道節度使，留京師，假其威名以鎮之。
The Tangut and other Qiang peoples were swallowing the frontier and threatening the capital region. The Binning circuit was therefore split off into the Yao-Fang-Dan-Yan circuit, also called the North-of-Wei circuit. Sang Rugui, governor of Bin Prefecture, took command of Binning, and Du Mian, governor of Yao Prefecture, became deputy military commissioner of Yao-Fang. They set out by separate routes to summon rebels and suppress them. On wuzi, Guo Ziyi was made military commissioner of both circuits and remained in the capital, his prestige alone relied upon to keep the frontier calm.
64
上祀九宮貴神。
The emperor sacrificed to the spirits of the Nine Palaces.
65
二月，李光弼攻懷州，史思明救之。 癸卯，光弼逆戰於沁水之上，破之，斬首三千餘級。
In the second month, Li Guangbi attacked Huai Prefecture, and Shi Siming marched to relieve it. On guimao, Guangbi met the enemy on the Qin River, defeated them, and took more than three thousand heads.
66
忠州長史第五琦既行，或告琦受人金二百兩，遣御史劉期光追按之。 琦曰：「琦備位宰相，二百兩金不可手挈； 若付受有憑，請准律科罪。」 期光即奏琦已服罪。 庚戌，琦坐除名，長流夷州。
After Diwu Qi had set out on his way to Zhong Prefecture as prefectural administrator, someone reported that he had accepted two hundred liang of gold. The censor Liu Qiguang was sent to pursue and investigate. Qi said, "I held a place among grand chancellors. Two hundred liang of gold cannot be carried in one's hand; if there is proof of receipt, I ask that the law be applied and punishment assigned accordingly. Qiguang at once memorialized that Qi had already confessed guilt. On gengxu, Qi was stripped of rank and exiled far to Yi Prefecture.
67
三月，甲申，改蒲州為河中府。
In the third month, on jiashen, Pu Prefecture was redesignated Hezhong Prefecture.
68
庚寅，李光弼破安太清於懷州城下，夏，四月，壬辰，破史思明於河陽西渚，斬首千五百餘級。
On gengyin, Li Guangbi defeated An Taiqing below the walls of Huai Prefecture. In summer, on renchen of the fourth month, he defeated Shi Siming at the west shoal of Heyang and took more than fifteen hundred heads.
69
襄州將張維瑾、曹玠殺節度使史翽，據州反。 制以隴州刺史韋倫為山南東道節度使。 時李輔國用事，節度使皆出其門。 倫既朝廷所除，又不謁輔國，尋改秦州防禦使。 己未，以陝西節度使來瑱為山南東道節度使。 瑱至襄州，張維瑾等皆降。
The Xiang Prefecture generals Zhang Weijin and Cao Jie killed military governor Shi Chi, seized the prefecture, and rebelled. An edict appointed Wei Lun, governor of Long Prefecture, military governor of Shannan East Circuit. At the time Li Fuguo held power, and military governors were all drawn from his faction. Wei Lun had been appointed by the court yet did not call on Li Fuguo. Soon he was reassigned as defensive commissioner of Qin Prefecture. On jiwei, Lai Tian, military governor of Shaanxi, was appointed military governor of Shannan East Circuit. When Lai Tian reached Xiang Prefecture, Zhang Weijin and the others all surrendered.
70
閏月，丁卯，加河東節度使王思禮為司空。 自武德以來，思禮始不為宰相而拜三公。
In the intercalary month, on dingmao, Wang Silun, military commissioner of Hedong, was additionally appointed Grand Preceptor. Since the Wude era, Silun was the first man appointed to one of the Three Dukes without having served as chancellor.
71
甲戌，徙趙王系為越王。
On jiaxu, Prince of Zhao Xi was reassigned as Prince of Yue.
72
己卯，赦天下，改元。 追謚太公望為武成王，選歷代名將為亞聖、十哲。 其中祀、下祀並雜祀一切並停。
On jimao, the emperor proclaimed a general amnesty and changed the reign title. Taigong Wang was posthumously ennobled as King Wu Cheng, and celebrated generals from history were chosen as Sub-Sage and Ten Worthies. Mid-tier, lower-tier, and all miscellaneous rites among them were suspended entirely.
73
是日，史思明入東京。
That same day Shi Siming entered the Eastern Capital.
74
五月，丙午，以太子太傅苗晉卿行侍中。 晉卿練達吏事，而謹身固位，時人比之胡廣。
In the fifth month, on bingwu, Grand Tutor to the Heir Apparent Miao Jinqing was appointed acting chief secretary. Jinqing was skilled in administrative matters, but he guarded his own person and clung to his post; contemporaries compared him to Hu Guang.
75
宦者馬上言受賂，為人求官於兵部侍郎、同中書門下三品呂諲，諲為之補官。 事覺，上言杖死。 壬子，諲罷為太子賓客。
The eunuch Ma Shangyan took bribes and asked Vice Minister of War and Associate Grand Councillor Lü Yin to secure an office for someone; Yin granted it. When the affair came to light, Shangyan was ordered flogged to death. On renzi, Yin was dismissed and appointed guest of the heir.
76
癸丑，以京兆尹南華劉晏為戶部侍郎，充度支、鑄錢、鹽鐵等使。 晏善治財利，故用之。
On guichou, Liu Yan of Nanhua, intendant of the capital district, was made vice minister of revenue and appointed commissioner of fiscal affairs, coin minting, salt and iron, and related offices. Yan was skilled at managing finances, and so he was put in charge.
77
六月，甲子，桂州經略使邢濟奏：破西原蠻二十萬眾，斬其帥黃乾曜等。
In the sixth month, on jiazi, Guizhou regional inspector Xing Ji reported that he had broken two hundred thousand Xiyuan tribesmen and beheaded their leader Huang Qianyao and others.
78
乙丑，鳳翔節度使崔光遠奏破涇、隴羌、渾十餘萬眾。
On yichou, Fengxiang military commissioner Cui Guangyuan reported breaking more than one hundred thousand Qiang and Hun tribesmen in Jing and Long.
79
三品錢行浸久，屬歲荒，米斗至七千錢，人相食。 京兆尹鄭叔清捕私鑄錢者，數月間，榜死者八百餘人，不能禁。 乃敕京畿，開元錢與乾元小錢皆當十，其重輪錢當三十，諸州更俟進止。 是時史思明亦鑄順天、得一錢，一當開元錢百。 賊中物價尤貴。
The devalued third-rank coinage had been in circulation for some time; famine followed, and a peck of rice fetched seven thousand cash until people turned to cannibalism. Capital intendant Zheng Shuqing cracked down on illegal minting; within months more than eight hundred died under the lash, yet the practice could not be stopped. An edict then fixed valuations in the capital region: Kaiyuan and Qianyuan small coins at ten each, heavy-rim coins at thirty; other prefectures were told to await further instruction. Shi Siming was minting Shuntian and Deyi coins at the same time, each reckoned at one hundred Kaiyuan coins. Prices in rebel-held territory were even higher.
80
甲申，興王佋薨。 佋，張-{后}-長子也，幼曰定王侗。 張-{后}-以故數欲危太子，太子常以恭遜取容。 會佋薨，侗尚幼，太子位遂定。
On jiashen, Prince of Xing You died. You was Empress Zhang's eldest son; in his youth he had been Prince of Ding, named Tong. For this reason Empress Zhang repeatedly tried to undermine the heir, who in turn often sought safety through humble deference. You's death came while Tong was still young, and the heir's position was at last secured.
81
乙酉，鳳翔節度使崔光遠破党項於普潤。
On yiyou, Fengxiang military commissioner Cui Guangyuan defeated the Tangut at Purun.
82
平盧兵馬使田神功奏破史思明之兵於鄭州。
Pinglu army-and-horse commissioner Tian Shengong reported defeating Shi Siming's forces at Zheng Prefecture.
83
上皇愛興慶宮，自蜀歸，即居之。 上時自夾城往起居，上皇亦間至大明宮。 左龍武大將軍陳玄禮、內侍監高力士久侍衛上皇； 上又命玉真公主、如仙媛、內侍王承恩、魏悅及梨園弟子常娛侍左右。 上皇多御長慶樓，父老過者往往瞻拜，呼萬歲，上皇常於樓下置酒食賜之； 又嘗召將軍郭英乂等上樓賜宴。 有劍南奏事官過樓下拜舞，上皇命玉真公主、如仙媛為之作主人。
The Retired Emperor loved Xingqing Palace and moved in there as soon as he returned from Shu. The emperor visited him regularly through the walled passage, and the Retired Emperor also occasionally came to Daming Palace. Left Longwu Grand General Chen Xuanli and chief eunuch Gao Lishi had long attended the Retired Emperor; the emperor also assigned Princess Yuzhen, Lady Ru Xianyuan, eunuchs Wang Chengen and Wei Yue, and Pear Garden performers to amuse him constantly. The Retired Emperor often sat on the Changqing Tower; common folk who passed below would look up in homage and shout "Long live the Emperor!" and he often had food and drink set out below for them; He also once summoned Generals Guo Yingyi and others to the tower for a feast. When a Jiannan memorial officer passed below and performed the court bow, the Retired Emperor had Princess Yuzhen and Lady Ru Xianyuan receive him as hostesses.
84
李輔國素微賤，雖暴貴用事，上皇左右皆輕之。 輔國意恨，且欲立奇功以固其寵，乃言於上曰：「上皇居興慶宮，日與外人交通，陳玄禮、高力士謀不利於陛下。 今六軍將士盡靈武勳臣，皆反仄不安，臣曉諭不能解，不敢不以聞。」 上泣曰：「聖皇慈仁，豈容有此！」 對曰：「上皇固無此意，其如群小何！ 陛下為天下主，當為社稷大計，消亂於未萌，豈得徇匹夫之孝！ 且興慶宮與閭閻相參，垣墉淺露，非至尊所宜居。 大內深嚴，奉迎居之，與彼何殊，又得杜絕小人熒惑聖聽。 如此，上皇享萬歲之安，陛下有三朝之樂，庸何傷乎！」 上不聽。 興慶宮先有馬三百匹，輔國矯敕取之，才留十匹。 上皇謂高力士曰：「吾兒為輔國所惑，不得終孝矣。」
Li Fuguo came from humble origins; though he had risen abruptly to power, the Retired Emperor's attendants all looked down on him. Fuguo nursed a grievance and sought a bold stroke to cement his favor. He told the emperor, "The Retired Emperor lives at Xingqing Palace and meets outsiders every day. Chen Xuanli and Gao Lishi are plotting against Your Majesty. The six armies are filled with the men who earned their merit at Lingwu, and they are all uneasy. I have tried to reason with them but cannot calm them. I dare not keep this from you." The emperor wept and said, "The Holy Emperor is benevolent—how could such a thing be possible!" Fuguo replied, "The Retired Emperor surely has no such intent—but what of the petty men at his side! Your Majesty is sovereign of the realm. You must think of the altars of state and stamp out trouble before it takes root. How can you indulge private filial feeling! Besides, Xingqing Palace stands amid ordinary streets, its walls low and exposed—not a fit dwelling for the utmost honored one. The Inner Palace is deep and secure. If he is received there, what difference is there for him? And petty men could no longer sway his judgment. In that way the Retired Emperor would enjoy lasting safety, and Your Majesty the pleasure of daily audiences. What would be lost!" The emperor refused. Xingqing Palace had three hundred horses; Fuguo forged an edict and seized them, leaving only ten. The Retired Emperor told Gao Lishi, "My son has been led astray by Fuguo. I shall not be able to keep my filial duty to the end."
85
輔國又令六軍將士，號哭叩頭，請迎上皇居西內。 上泣不應。 輔國懼。 會上不豫，秋，七月，丁未，輔國矯稱上語，迎上皇游西內，至睿武門，輔國將射生五百騎，露刃遮道奏曰：「皇帝以興慶宮湫隘，迎上皇遷居大內。」 上皇驚，幾墜。 高力士曰：「李輔國何得無禮！」 叱令下馬。 輔國不得已而下。 力士因宣上皇誥曰：「諸將士各好在！」 將士皆納刃，再拜，呼萬歲。 力士又叱輔國與己共執上皇馬鞚，侍衛如西內，居甘露殿。 輔國帥眾而退。 所留侍衛兵，才尪老數人。 陳玄禮、高力士及舊宮人皆不能留左右。 上皇曰：「興慶宮，吾之王地，吾數以讓皇帝，皇帝不受。 今日之徙，亦吾志也。」 是日，輔國與六軍大將素服見上，請罪。 上又迫於諸將，乃勞之曰：「南宮、西內，亦復何殊！ 卿等恐小人熒惑，防微杜漸，以安社稷，何所懼也！」 刑部尚書顏真卿首帥百寮上表，請問上皇起居。 輔國惡之，奏貶蓬州長史。
Fuguo then had officers and soldiers of the six armies wail and prostrate themselves, begging that the Retired Emperor be moved to the Western Inner Palace. The emperor wept and gave no answer. Fuguo grew afraid. When the emperor fell ill, in the seventh month of autumn, on dingwei, Fuguo forged the emperor's orders and escorted the Retired Emperor toward the Western Inner Palace. At Ruiwu Gate Fuguo led five hundred mounted archers with bared blades blocking the way and announced, "The emperor finds Xingqing Palace cramped and damp and has sent us to receive the Retired Emperor to the Great Inner Palace." The Retired Emperor started in alarm and nearly fell from his mount. Gao Lishi cried, "How dare Li Fuguo show such insolence! He shouted and ordered him to dismount. Fuguo had no choice but to get down. Lishi then proclaimed on the Retired Emperor's behalf, "Officers and soldiers—all is well!" The soldiers sheathed their blades, bowed twice, and shouted "Long live the Emperor!" Lishi then ordered Fuguo to join him in leading the Retired Emperor's horse into the Western Inner Palace, where he was lodged at Ganlu Hall. Fuguo withdrew with his men. Only a handful of feeble old men were left to guard him. Chen Xuanli, Gao Lishi, and the Retired Emperor's longtime attendants were none of them allowed to stay. The Retired Emperor said, "Xingqing Palace was my princely estate. I offered it to the emperor again and again, but he would not take it. Today's move is also my wish." That day Fuguo and the grand generals of the six armies appeared before the emperor in undyed garments to beg forgiveness. Pressed by the generals, the emperor comforted them and said, "South Palace and Western Inner Palace—what difference does it make! You feared petty men might mislead him and took care to check trouble early for the realm's sake. What is there to fear!" Minister of Justice Yan Zhenqing was first among the hundred officials to submit a memorial inquiring after the Retired Emperor's health. Fuguo resented this and had him demoted to chief secretary of Peng Prefecture.
86
癸丑，敕天下重稜錢皆當三十，如畿內。
On guichou, an edict fixed the valuation of heavy-rim coins empire-wide at thirty, matching the capital region.
87
丙辰，高力士流巫州，王承恩流播州，魏悅流溱州，陳玄禮勒致仕； 置如仙媛于歸州，玉真公主出居玉真觀。 上更選後宮百餘人，置西內，備灑掃。 令萬安、咸宜二公主視服膳； 四方所獻珍異，先薦上皇。 然上皇日以不懌，因不茹葷，辟谷，浸以成疾。 上初猶往問安，既而上亦有疾，但遣人起居。 其後上稍悔寤，惡輔國，欲誅之，畏其握兵，竟猶豫不能決。
On bingchen, Gao Lishi was exiled to Wu, Wang Chengen to Bo, and Wei Yue to Qin; Chen Xuanli was forced to retire; Lady Ru Xianyuan was sent to Gui Prefecture, and Princess Yuzhen moved out to Yuzhen Abbey. The emperor chose more than a hundred women from the rear palace and installed them in the Western Inner Palace to attend to housekeeping. He put Princesses Wan'an and Xianyi in charge of his meals and clothing; and rare tribute from the provinces was always presented to the Retired Emperor first. Yet the Retired Emperor grew daily more downcast; he gave up meat and grain and slowly sickened. At first the emperor still visited him in person; then he too fell ill and sent messengers only. Later the emperor slowly came to his senses, turned against Fuguo, and wanted him dead—but feared his control of the armies and in the end could not bring himself to act.
88
初，哥舒翰破吐蕃於臨洮西關磨環川，於其地置神策軍。 及安祿山反，軍使成如璆遣其將衛伯玉將千人赴難。 既而軍地淪入吐蕃，伯玉留屯於陝，累官至右羽林大將軍。 八月，庚午，以伯玉為神策軍節度使。
Earlier, when Geshu Han defeated the Tibetans at Guanmohuan Creek west of Lintao, he established the Shence Army on that ground. When An Lushan rebelled, army commissioner Cheng Ruqiu sent his general Wei Boyu with a thousand men to aid the court. The Shence base later fell to the Tibetans, and Boyu stayed garrisoned at Shan, rising in time to Right Pillar-of-State Grand General. In the eighth month, on gengwu, Boyu was appointed military commissioner of the Shence Army.
89
丁亥，贈謚興王佋曰恭懿太子。
On dinghai, Prince of Xing You was posthumously ennobled as the Reverent and Virtuous Heir.
90
九月，甲午，置南都於荊州，以荊州為江陵府，仍置永平軍團練兵三千人，以扼吳、蜀之沖，從節度使呂諲之請也。
In the ninth month, on jiawu, a Southern Capital was established at Jing Prefecture, which was renamed Jiangling Prefecture; three thousand drilled troops of the Yongping Army were stationed there to hold the crossroads between Wu and Shu, at the request of military commissioner Lü Yin.
91
或上言：「天下未平，不宜置郭子儀於散地。」 乙未，命子儀出鎮邠州； 党項遁去。 戊申，制：「子儀統諸道兵自朔方直取范陽，還定河北，發射生英武等禁軍及朔方、鄜坊、邠寧、涇原諸道蕃、漢兵共七萬人，皆受子儀節度。」 制下旬日，復為魚朝恩所沮，事竟不行。
Someone memorialized, "The realm is not yet at peace; Guo Ziyi should not be left idle." On yimwei, Ziyi was ordered to take command at Bin Prefecture; and the Tangut withdrew. On wushen an edict ordered Ziyi to lead allied armies from Shuofang straight against Fanyang, then sweep Hebei; seventy thousand men from the palace guards and the Shuofang, Fufang, Binning, and Jingyuan commands—including both tribal and Han troops—were all placed under his command." Within ten days Yu Chao'en blocked it again, and the plan came to nothing.
92
冬，十月，丙子，置青、沂等五州節度使。
In the tenth month of winter, on bingzi, military commissioners were established for five prefectures including Qing and Yi.
93
十一月，壬辰，涇州破党項。
In the eleventh month, on renchen, Jing Prefecture defeated the Tangut.
94
御史中丞李銑、宋州刺史劉殿皆領淮西節度副使。 銑貪暴不法，展剛強自用，故為其上者多惡之； 節度使王仲升先奏銑罪而誅之。 時有謠言曰：「手執金刀起東方。」 仲升使監軍使、內左常侍邢延恩入奏：「展倔強不受命，姓名應謠讖，請除之。」 延恩因說上曰：「展與李銑一體之人，今銑誅，展不自安，苟不去之，恐其為亂。 然展方握強兵，宜以計去之。 請除展江淮都統，代李峘，俟其釋兵赴鎮，中道執之，此一夫力耳。」 上從之，以展為都統淮南東、江南西、浙西三道節度使； 密敕舊都統李峘及淮南東道節度使鄧景山圖之。
Censor-in-chief Li Xian and Song Prefecture prefect Liu Zhan both served as associate military commissioners of Huai West. Xian was greedy and brutal; Zhan was obstinate and willful. Their superiors mostly despised them both; and military commissioner Wang Zhongsheng memorialized Xian's crimes and had him executed. A rhyme was going around: "Hand holding the golden blade, rising in the east." Zhongsheng sent army overseer and Left Internuncio Xing Yan'en to report, "Zhan is defiant and disobedient; his name matches the omen in the rhyme. I ask that he be removed." Yan'en urged the emperor, "Zhan and Li Xian were birds of a feather. With Xian dead, Zhan will not feel safe. Unless he is removed, he may rebel. But he still commands a strong army. He should be removed by stratagem. Appoint Zhan overall commander of Jiang and Huai in Li Kuan's place, wait until he gives up his army and sets out for his post, then seize him on the road. That takes no more than one man's strength." The emperor agreed and made Zhan overall commander of Huai South East, Jiang South West, and Zhe West; A secret edict ordered the former overall commander Li Kuan and Huai South East military commissioner Deng Jingshan to trap him.
95
延恩以制書授展，展疑之，曰：「展自陳留參軍，數年至刺史，可謂暴貴矣。 江、淮租賦所出，今之重任，展無勳勞，又非親賢，一旦恩命寵擢如此，得非有讒人間之乎？」 因泣下。 延恩懼，曰：「公素有才望，主上以江、淮為憂，故不次用公。 公反以為疑，何哉？」 展曰：「事苟不欺，印節可先得乎？」 延恩曰：「可。」 乃馳詣廣陵，與峘謀，解峘印節以授展。 展得印節，乃上表謝恩，牒追江、淮親舊，置之心膂，三道宮屬遣使迎賀，申圖籍，相望於道，展悉舉宋州兵七千趣廣陵。
Yan'en handed Zhan the imperial commission. Zhan was suspicious and said, "I rose from aide at Chenliu to prefect in only a few years—surely that is sudden favor. Jiang and Huai are the source of the empire's revenues—a post of grave responsibility. I have won no merit and am neither kin nor trusted counselor. To be raised so suddenly by grace—could slanderers not have set someone against me? With that he broke into tears. Yan'en grew fearful and said, "Your Lordship has long enjoyed talent and renown. The sovereign is deeply troubled over Jiang and Huai and has therefore appointed you out of the usual order. Why then do you turn it into grounds for suspicion? Zhan said, "If this is no deception, may I have the seal and staff of office first? Yan'en said, "It can. He then galloped to Guangling, took counsel with Li Kuan, stripped Kuan of his seal and staff, and handed them to Zhan. Once Zhan had the seal and staff, he submitted a memorial of thanks, summoned his Jiang-Huai kinsmen and old associates, and made them his inner circle. Palace officers from three circuits sent envoys with congratulations and brought maps and registers, crowding the roads. Zhan then mustered all seven thousand troops of Song Prefecture and marched on Guangling.
96
延恩知展已得其情，還奔廣陵，與李峘、鄧景山發兵拒之，移檄州縣，言展反。 展亦移檄言峘反，州縣莫知所從。 峘引兵渡江，與副使潤州刺史韋儇、浙西節度使侯令儀屯京口，鄧景山將萬人屯徐城。 展素有威名，御軍嚴整，江、淮人望風畏之。 展倍道先期至，使人問景山曰：「吾奉詔書赴鎮，此何兵也？」 景山不應。 展使人呼於陣前曰：「汝曹皆吾民也，勿干吾旗鼓。」 使其將孫待封、張法雷擊之，景山眾潰，與延恩奔壽州。 展引兵入廣陵，遣其將屈突孝標將兵三千徇濠、楚，王□恆將兵四千略淮西。
Learning that Zhan had learned the truth, Yan'en fled back to Guangling. With Li Kuan and Deng Jingshan he raised troops to resist Zhan and sent proclamations through the prefectures and counties declaring that Zhan had rebelled. Zhan issued proclamations of his own declaring that Kuan had rebelled, and the prefectures and counties did not know whom to follow. Kuan led his army across the Yangzi and, with deputy commissioner and Run Prefecture prefect Wei Yin and Zhe West military commissioner Hou Lingyi, encamped at Jingkou, while Deng Jingshan stationed ten thousand men at Xucheng. Zhan had long enjoyed a formidable reputation and kept his army under strict discipline; throughout Jiang and Huai, men feared him at the mere report of his approach. Zhan forced the march and arrived ahead of schedule. He sent a man to ask Jingshan, "I come by imperial edict to take up my post—what army is this? Jingshan made no reply. Zhan sent a man to shout before the battle line, "You are all my people. Do not stand in the way of my banners and drums. He then sent his generals Sun Daifeng and Zhang Falei to attack. Jingshan's army broke and fled, and he and Yan'en ran to Shou Prefecture. Zhan marched into Guangling and sent his general Quetu Xiaobiao with three thousand men to overrun Hao and Chu, and Wang □heng with four thousand to sweep Huai West.
97
李峘辟北固為兵場，插木以塞江口。 展軍於白沙，設疑兵於瓜洲，多張火、鼓，若將趣北固者，如是累日。 峘悉銳兵守京口以待之。 展乃自上流濟，襲下蜀。 峘軍聞之，自潰，峘奔宣城。
Li Kuan cleared Beigu for a drill ground and drove stakes into the river mouth to block it. Zhan encamped at Baisha and posted decoy forces at Guazhou, setting out fires and drums as though he meant to strike Beigu. This went on for days. Kuan gathered all his best troops to hold Jingkou and wait for the attack. Zhan then crossed upstream and fell upon Xia Shu. When Kuan's army heard of it, it broke and fled of its own accord, and Kuan ran to Xuancheng.
98
甲午，展陷潤州。 升州軍士萬五千人謀應展，攻金陵城，不克而遁。 侯令儀懼，以後事授兵馬使姜昌群，棄城走。 昌群遣其將宗犀詣展降。 丙申，展陷升州，以宗犀為潤州司馬、丹楊軍使； 使昌群領升州，以從子伯瑛佐之。
On jiawu, Zhan captured Run Prefecture. Fifteen thousand soldiers of Sheng Prefecture plotted to join Zhan, attacked Jinling city, failed to take it, and dispersed. Hou Lingyi, in fear, entrusted all remaining affairs to army-and-horse commissioner Jiang Changqun and abandoned the city in flight. Changqun sent his general Zong Xi to Zhan to surrender. On bingshen, Zhan captured Sheng Prefecture and appointed Zong Xi aide of Run Prefecture and commissioner of the Danyang army; he put Changqun in charge of Sheng Prefecture, with his nephew Boying to assist him.
99
李光弼攻懷州，百餘日，乃拔之，生擒安太清。
Li Guangbi besieged Huai Prefecture for more than a hundred days before capturing it and taking An Taiqing alive.
100
史思明遣其將田承嗣將兵五千徇淮西，王同芝將兵三千人徇陳，許敬江將二千人徇兗鄆，恭薛鄂將五千人徇曹州。
Shi Siming sent his generals Tian Chengsi with five thousand men to overrun Huai West, Wang Tongzhi with three thousand to overrun Chen, Xu Jingjiang with two thousand to overrun Yan and Yun, and Gong Xue'e with five thousand to overrun Cao Prefecture.
101
十二月，丙子，党項寇美原、華原、同官，大掠而去。
In the twelfth month, on bingzi, Tangut forces raided Meiyuan, Huayuan, and Tongguan, looted heavily, and withdrew.
102
賊帥郭惲等引諸羌、胡敗秦隴防禦使韋倫，殺監軍使。
The bandit chieftain Guo Yun and others led Qiang and Hu allies to defeat Qin-Long defense commissioner Wei Lun and kill the army supervisor.
103
兗鄆節度使能元皓擊史思明兵，破之。
Yan and Yun military commissioner Neng Yuanhao attacked Shi Siming's army and routed it.
104
峘之去潤州也，副使李藏用謂峘曰：「處人尊位，食人重祿，臨難而逃之，非忠也； 以數十州之兵食，三江、五湖之險固，不發一矢而棄之，非勇也。 失忠與勇，何以事尹！ 藏用請收餘兵，竭力以拒之。」 峘乃悉以後事授藏用。 藏用收散卒，得七百人，東至蘇州募壯士，得二千人，立柵以拒劉展。
As Kuan was leaving Run Prefecture, deputy commissioner Li Zangyong said to him, "To hold an honored post, draw a heavy salary, and flee when danger comes is not loyalty; to command the armies and stores of dozens of prefectures, with the natural defenses of the Three Rivers and Five Lakes, and abandon them without loosing a single arrow is not courage. Without loyalty and courage, how can one serve the sovereign! Let me gather the remaining troops and resist with all my strength. Kuan then entrusted all remaining affairs to Zangyong. Zangyong gathered the scattered troops and mustered seven hundred men. He went east to Suzhou to recruit stalwarts and raised two thousand more, then built palisades to resist Liu Zhan.
105
展遣其將傅子昂、宗犀攻宣州，宣歙節度使鄭炅之棄城走，李峘奔洪州。
Zhan sent his generals Fu Zi'ang and Zong Xi to attack Xuan Prefecture. Xuan-She military commissioner Zheng Jiongzhi abandoned the city and fled, and Li Kuan fled to Hong Prefecture.
106
李藏用與展將張景超、孫待封戰於郁墅，兵敗，奔杭州。 景超遂據蘇州，待封進陷湖州。 展以其將許嶧為潤州刺史，李可封為常州刺史，楊持璧蘇州刺史，待封領湖州事。 景超進逼杭州，藏用使其將溫晃屯餘杭。 展以李晃為泗州刺史，宗犀為宣州刺史。
Li Zangyong fought Zhan's generals Zhang Jingchao and Sun Daifeng at Yushu, was defeated, and fled to Hang Prefecture. Jingchao then seized Suzhou, and Daifeng advanced and captured Hu Prefecture. Zhan appointed his general Xu Yi prefect of Run, Li Kefeng prefect of Chang, Yang Chibi prefect of Suzhou, and put Daifeng in charge of Hu Prefecture. Jingchao pressed toward Hang Prefecture, and Zangyong posted his general Wen Huang at Yuhang. Zhan appointed Li Huang prefect of Si and Zong Xi prefect of Xuan.
107
傅子昂屯南陵，將下江州，徇江西。 於是屈突孝摽陷濠、楚州，王□恆陷舒、和、滁、廬等州，所向無不摧靡，聚兵萬人，騎三千，橫行江、淮間。 壽州刺史崔昭發兵拒之，由是□恆不得西，止屯廬州。
Fu Zi'ang encamped at Nanling, preparing to move downriver on Jiang Prefecture and overrun Jiang West. Meanwhile Quetu Xiaobiao captured Hao and Chu prefectures, and Wang □heng took Shu, He, Chu, Lu, and others. Wherever they turned, resistance collapsed. They gathered ten thousand infantry and three thousand cavalry and ranged freely across Jiang and Huai. Shou Prefecture prefect Cui Zhao raised troops to resist them, so □heng could not push west and halted at Lu Prefecture.
108
初，上命平廬都知兵馬使田神功將所部精兵五千屯任城； 鄧景山既敗，與刑延恩奏乞敕神功救淮南，未報。 景山遣人趣之，且許以淮南金帛子女為賂，神功及所部皆喜，悉眾南下，及彭城，敕神功討展。 展聞之，始有懼色，自廣陵將兵八千拒之，選精兵二千度淮，擊神功於都梁山，展敗，走至天長，以五百騎據橋拒戰，又敗，展獨與一騎亡渡江。 神功入廣陵及楚州，大掠，殺商胡以千數，城中地穿掘略遍。
Earlier the emperor had ordered Pinglu overall army-and-horse commissioner Tian Shen'gong to lead five thousand picked troops of his command to encamp at Rencheng; After Deng Jingshan's defeat, he and Xing Yan'en memorialized begging that Shen'gong be ordered to rescue Huai South, but received no answer. Jingshan sent envoys to hurry him along and promised the gold, silks, and women of Huai South as reward. Shen'gong and his men were delighted and marched south in full force. At Pengcheng an edict arrived ordering Shen'gong to suppress Zhan. When Zhan heard this, fear showed on his face for the first time. He led eight thousand men from Guangling to resist, chose two thousand elite troops to cross the Huai, and attacked Shen'gong at Duliang Mountain. Zhan was defeated and fled to Tianchang, where with five hundred cavalry he held a bridge and fought again, but was beaten once more. Zhan alone, with a single rider, escaped across the river. Shen'gong entered Guangling and Chu Prefecture and looted on a vast scale, killing merchant Hu by the thousands. Within the cities the ground was dug and tunneled almost everywhere.
109
是歲，吐蕃陷廓州。」
That year the Tibetans captured Kuo Prefecture.”