1
資治通鑑第222卷
Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 222
2
卷第二百二十二
Volume 222
3
【唐紀三十八】起重光赤奮若，盡昭陽單閼六月，凡二年有奇。
[Tang Annals 38] Covering a span of just over two years, from the chongguang chifenruo year through the sixth month of the zhaoyang danqie cycle.
4
肅宗文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝下之下上元二年（ 辛丑，公元七六一年）
Second year of Shangyuan in the latter portion of Emperor Suzong's reign ( 761 CE, year xinchou)
5
春，正月，癸卯，史思明改元應天。
In spring, on guimao day in the first month, Shi Siming proclaimed the new era name Yingtian.
6
張景超引兵攻杭州，敗李藏用將李強於石夷門。 孫待封自武康南出，將會景超攻杭州，溫晁據險擊敗之； 待封脫身奔烏程，李可封以常州降。 丁未，田神功使特進楊惠元等將千五百人西擊王□恆。 辛亥夜，神功先遣特進范知新等將四千人自白沙濟，西趣下蜀； 鄧景山等將千人自海陵濟，東趣常州； 神功與邢延恩將三千人軍於瓜洲，壬子，濟江。 展將步騎萬餘陳於蒜山； 神功以舟載兵趣金山，會大風，五舟飄抵金山下，展屠其二舟，沉其三舟，神功不得度，還軍瓜洲。 而范知新等兵已至下蜀，展擊之，不勝。 弟殷勸展引兵逃入海，可延歲月，展曰：「若事不濟，何用多殺人父子乎！ 死，早晚等耳！」 遂更帥眾力戰。 將軍賈隱林射展，中目而僕，遂斬之。 劉殷、許嶧等皆死。 隱林，滑州人也。 楊惠元等擊破王□恆於淮南，□恆引兵東走，至常熟，乃降。 孫待封詣李藏用降。 張景超聚兵至七千餘人，聞展死，悉以兵授張法雷，使攻杭州，景超逃入海。 法雷至杭州，李藏用擊破之，餘黨皆平。 平盧軍大掠十餘日。 安、史之亂，亂兵不及江、淮，至是，其民始罹荼毒矣。
Zhang Jingchao marched on Hangzhou and routed Li Qiang, a general under Li Cangyong, at Shiyimen. Sun Daifeng marched south from Wukang to link up with Jingchao for an assault on Hangzhou, but Wen Chao used the terrain to his advantage and beat him back; Daifeng broke free and fled to Wucheng, while Li Kefeng surrendered Changzhou. On dingwei day Tian Shenggong dispatched Yang Huiyuan, holder of the tejin title, and fifteen hundred troops west against Wang □heng. That xinhai night Shenggong sent Fan Zhixin and four thousand men across from Baisha, marching west toward Xiashu; Deng Jingshan led a thousand men across from Hailing toward Changzhou in the east; Tian Shenggong and Xing Yan'en camped at Guazhou with three thousand men and crossed the Yangtze on renzi day. Zhan drew up over ten thousand foot and horse at Suanshan; Shenggong ferried troops toward Jinshan, but a gale drove five boats ashore at the mountain's foot; Zhan massacred two boatloads and sank the other three, forcing Shenggong to turn back to Guazhou. Fan Zhixin's column had already reached Xiashu, but Zhan repulsed their attack. His brother Yin urged him to take the army to sea and buy time, but Zhan replied, "If we cannot succeed, why spill so much blood between fathers and sons? Death comes soon or late—it makes no difference!" He rallied his men and fought on. General Jia Yinlin shot Zhan in the eye, felling him, and Zhan was beheaded. Liu Yin, Xu Yi, and others were killed. Jia Yinlin came from Huazhou. Yang Huiyuan defeated Wang □heng in Huainan; □heng fled east to Changshu and surrendered there. Sun Daifeng submitted to Li Cangyong. Zhang Jingchao, who had mustered over seven thousand men, turned his forces over to Zhang Falei for an attack on Hangzhou after learning of Zhan's death, then escaped by sea. Li Cangyong crushed Zhang Falei at Hangzhou and mopped up the rest of the rebels. The Pinglu troops looted the region for over ten days. The An Lushan–Shi Siming rebellion had spared the Jiang-Huai heartland until now, when its people at last endured devastation.
7
荊南節度使呂諲奏，請以江南之潭、岳、郴、邵、永、道、連，黔中之涪州，皆隸荊南； 從之。
Jingnan governor Lü Yin petitioned to annex the Jiangnan prefectures of Tan, Yue, Chen, Shao, Yong, Dao, and Lian, plus Fuzhou in Qianzhong, under his command; The court approved.
8
二月，奴剌、党項寇寶雞，燒大散關，南侵鳳州，殺刺史蕭心曳，大掠而西； 鳳翔節度使李鼎追擊破之。
In the second month, Nula and Tangut forces raided Baoji, torched Dasan Pass, pushed south into Fengzhou, killed Prefect Xiao Xinyi, and looted their way west; Fengxiang governor Li Ding chased them down and routed them.
9
戊辰，新羅王金嶷入朝，因請宿衛。
On wuchen day King Kim Ni of Silla came to court and asked to stay on as an imperial guardsman.
10
或言：「洛中將士皆燕人，久戍思歸，上下離心，急擊之，可破也。」 陝州觀軍容使魚朝恩以為信然，屢言於上，上敕李光弼等進取東京。 光弼奏稱：「賊鋒尚銳，未可輕進。」 朔方節度使僕固懷恩，勇而愎，麾下皆蕃、漢勁卒，恃功，多不法，郭子儀寬厚曲容之，每用兵臨敵，倚以集事； 李光弼性嚴，一裁之以法，無所假貸。 懷恩憚光弼而心惡之，乃附朝恩，言東都可取。 由是中使相繼，督光弼使出師，光弼不得已，使鄭陳節度使李抱玉守河陽，與懷恩將兵會朝恩及神策節度使衛伯玉攻洛陽。
Some argued that Luoyang's garrison, homesick Yan men divided from their commanders, could be crushed by a swift attack. Army-inspection commissioner Yu Chao'en of Shaanzhou bought the idea and pressed the emperor repeatedly until Li Guangbi was ordered to retake the Eastern Capital. Guangbi replied that the rebels remained formidable and warned against a rash advance. Shuofang governor Pugu Huai'en was brave but headstrong, leading fierce Tangut and Han veterans who flouted discipline; Guo Ziyi had indulged them and leaned on Huai'en in battle; Li Guangbi enforced the law without favor. Huai'en feared Guangbi but resented him, sided with Chao'en, and insisted Luoyang was ripe for the taking. "Imperial envoys kept pressing Guangbi to march; he left Li Baoyu to hold Heyang and joined Huai'en, Chao'en, and Shence governor Wei Boyu for the Luoyang campaign."
11
戊寅，陳於邙山。 光弼命依險而陳，懷恩陳於平原，光弼曰：「依險則可以進，可以退； 若平原，戰而不利則盡矣。 思明不可忽也。」 命移於險，懷恩復止之。 史思明乘其陳未定，進兵薄之，官軍大敗，死者數千人，軍資器械盡棄之。 光弼、懷恩渡河走保聞喜，朝恩、伯玉奔還陝，抱玉亦棄河陽走，河陽、懷州皆沒於賊。 朝廷聞之，大懼，益兵屯陝。
On wuyin day the allied armies formed up at Mangshan. Guangbi wanted a defensive position on the heights while Huai'en lined up on open ground; Guangbi argued that rugged terrain allowed advance or retreat; on the plain, a lost battle meant total destruction. Shi Siming was not to be underestimated. He ordered a shift to higher ground, but Huai'en blocked it again. Shi Siming struck before the formation set, routing the imperial army: thousands dead and all supplies abandoned. Guangbi and Huai'en retreated across the river to Wenxi; Chao'en and Boyu fled to Shan; Baoyu abandoned Heyang, and both Heyang and Huaizhou fell. "Terrified, the court reinforced the garrison at Shan.
12
李揆與呂諲同為相，不相悅。 諲在荊南，以善政聞，揆恐其復入相，奏言置軍湖南非便，又陰使人如荊、湖求諲過失。 諲上疏訟揆罪，癸未，貶揆袁州長史，以河中節度使蕭華為中書侍郎、同平章事。
Chancellors Li Kui and Lü Yin were at odds. Yin's reputation in Jingnan made Kui fear his return to court; Kui attacked his Hunan garrison plan and sent agents to dig up dirt. Yin impeached Kui in a memorial; on guiwei day Kui was exiled to Yuanzhou and Hedong governor Xiao Hua joined the Grand Council.
13
史思明猜忍好殺，群下小不如意，動至族誅，人不自保。 朝義，其長子也，常從思明將兵，頗謙謹，愛士卒，將士多附之； 無寵于思明，思明愛少子朝清，使守范陽，常欲殺朝義，立朝清為太子，左右頗洩其謀。 思明既破李光弼，欲乘勝西入關，使朝義將兵為前鋒，自北道襲陝城，思明自南道將大軍繼之。 三月，甲午，朝義兵至礓子嶺，衛伯玉逆擊，破之。 朝義數進兵，皆為陝兵所敗。 思明退屯永寧，以朝義為怯，曰：「終不足成吾事！」 欲按軍法斬朝義及諸將。 戊戌，命朝義築三隅城，欲貯軍糧，期一日畢，朝義築畢，未泥，思明至，詬怒之，令左右立馬監泥，斯須而畢。 思明又曰：「俟克陝州，終斬此賊。」 朝義憂懼，不知所為。
Shi Siming was paranoid and bloodthirsty, routinely wiping out entire families over minor slights until no one felt safe. His eldest Chaoyi campaigned with him, modest and caring toward the ranks, and won broad loyalty; Siming favored younger son Chaoqing at Fanyang and plotted to kill Chaoyi and name Chaoqing heir—a plan his courtiers leaked. After beating Guangbi, Siming planned a two-pronged drive into the passes: Chaoyi as vanguard against Shaan city from the north, Siming following with the main force from the south. In the third month, on jiawu day, Chaoyi reached Jiangziling and Wei Boyu repulsed him. Every thrust Chaoyi made was beaten back by the Shaan garrison. Siming pulled back to Yongning, called Chaoyi cowardly, and snapped, "He will never finish what I started! He threatened to execute Chaoyi and his generals under military law. On wuxu he ordered Chaoyi to build a triangular granary fort in one day; when Chaoyi finished the walls but not the plaster, Siming cursed him and had cavalry oversee the work until it was done in minutes. Siming added, "Once Shaanzhou falls, I will kill this wretch. Chaoyi was terrified and at a loss.
14
思明在鹿橋驛，令腹心曹將軍將兵宿衛； 朝義宿於逆旅，其部將駱悅、蔡文景說朝義曰：「悅等與王，死無日矣！ 自古有廢立，請召曹將軍謀之。」 朝義俯首不應。 悅等曰：「王苟不許，悅等今歸李氏，王亦不全矣。」 朝義泣曰：「諸君善為之，勿驚聖人！」 悅等乃令許叔冀之子季常召曹將軍，至，則以其謀告之； 曹將軍知諸將盡怨，恐禍及己，不敢違。 是夕，悅等以朝義部兵三百被甲詣驛，宿衛兵怪之，畏曹將軍，不敢動。 悅等引兵入至思明寢所，值思明如廁，問左右，未及對，已殺數人，左右指示之。 思明聞有變，逾垣至廄中，自備馬乘之，悅人兼人周子俊射之，中臂，墜馬，遂擒之。 思明問：「亂者為誰？」 悅曰：「奉懷王命。」 思明曰：「我朝來語失，宜其及此。 然殺我太早，何不待我克長安！ 今事不成矣。」 悅等送思明於柳泉驛，囚之，還報朝義曰：「事成矣」。 朝義曰：「不驚聖人乎？」 悅曰：「無。」 時周摯、許叔冀將後軍在福昌，悅等使許季常往告之，摯驚倒於地； 朝義引軍還，摯、叔冀來迎，悅等勸朝義執摯，殺之。 軍至柳泉，悅等恐眾心未壹，遂縊殺思明，以氈裹其屍，橐駝負歸洛陽。
Siming lodged at Luqiao Post with his trusted General Cao commanding the guard; Chaoyi stayed at an inn while generals Luo Yue and Cai Wenjing warned him, "We and you, my prince, are living on borrowed time! Deposing rulers is an old story—summon General Cao and plot with us. Chaoyi looked down and said nothing. They pressed him: refuse, and we defect to the Tang—and you will not survive either. Weeping, Chaoyi said, "Do as you must, but do not frighten my father!" They sent Xu Shuji's son Jichang to fetch General Cao and confided the plan. General Cao, knowing the officers' rage and fearing for himself, went along. That night three hundred of Chaoyi's armored men marched on the post; the guards were uneasy but dared not move against General Cao. They burst into Siming's quarters as he was heading to the privy, killed attendants who hesitated, and were directed to him. Siming vaulted into the stable and mounted a horse, but Zhou Zijun shot him in the arm, pulled him down, and seized him. Siming asked who was revolting. Luo Yue answered, "We act for the Prince of Huai. Siming said, "My harsh words this morning brought this on me. But you kill me too soon—why not wait until I had taken Chang'an? Now nothing will succeed. They held Siming at Liuquan Post and told Chaoyi, "It is done." Chaoyi asked, "Was my father frightened? Luo Yue said no. Zhou Zhi and Xu Shuji commanded the rear at Fuchang; when told the news Zhou Zhi collapsed. As Chaoyi marched back, Yue urged him to seize and kill Zhou Zhi when he came to greet them. At Liuquan, fearing unrest, they strangled Siming, wrapped his body in felt, and loaded it on camels for Luoyang."
15
朝義即皇帝位，改元顯聖。 密使人至范陽，敕散騎常侍張通儒等殺朝清及朝清母辛氏並不附己者數十人。 其黨自相攻擊，戰城中數月，死者數千人，范陽乃定。 朝義以其將柳城李懷仙為范陽尹、燕京留守。 時洛陽四面數百里，州、縣皆為丘墟，而朝義所部節度使皆安祿山舊將，與思明等夷，朝義召之，多不至，略相羈縻而已，不能得其用。
Chaoyi proclaimed himself emperor and adopted the era name Xiansheng. Secret orders went to Fanyang for Zhang Tongru to kill Chaoqing, his mother Lady Xin, and dozens of dissenters. Factions fought in the streets for months, thousands died, and Fanyang finally quieted. Chaoyi appointed Li Huaixian of Liucheng as Fanyang prefect and regent of Yanjing. Luoyang's hinterland lay in ruins, and Chaoyi's governors—veterans of An Lushan no less proud than Siming—mostly ignored his summons, leaving him little real authority.
16
李光弼上表，固求自貶； 制以開府儀同三司、侍中，領河中節度使。
Li Guangbi repeatedly asked to be demoted after the defeat. The throne named him Kaifu Yitong Sansi and Palace Attendant while keeping him as Hedong governor.
17
術士長塞鎮將朱融與左武衛將軍竇如玢等謀奉嗣岐王珍作亂，金吾將軍邢濟告之。 夏，四月，乙卯朔，廢珍為庶人，溱州安置，其黨皆伏誅。 珍，業之子也。 丙辰，左散騎常侍張鎬貶辰州司戶。 鎬嘗買珍宅故也。
The sorcerer and garrison officer Zhu Rong joined Left Martial Guard general Dou Rubin in a plot to put heir Prince Zhen of Qi on the throne; Jinwu general Xing Ji exposed them. In summer, on the first yimao day of the fourth month, Zhen was reduced to commoner status and exiled to Qinzhou; his co-conspirators were executed. Zhen was the son of Ye. On bingchen day Zhang Hao, left palace attendant, was banished to registrar of Chenzhou. He had bought Zhen's house, which tied him to the plot.
18
己未，以吏部侍郎裴遵慶為黃門侍郎、同平章事。
On jiwei day Pei Zunqing rose from vice minister of personnel to vice director of the Chancellery and Grand Councillor.
19
乙亥，青密節度使尚衡破史朝義兵，斬首五千餘級。
On yihai day Shang Heng, governor of Qing and Mi, routed Chaoyi's army and took five thousand heads.
20
丁丑，兗鄆節度使能元皓破朝義兵。
On dingchou day Neng Yuanhao of Yan-Yun defeated Chaoyi's forces.
21
壬午，梓州刺史段子璋反，子璋驍勇，從上皇在蜀有功，東川節度使李奐奏替之，子璋舉兵，襲奐於綿州。 道過遂州，剌史虢王巨蒼黃修屬郡禮迎之，子璋殺之。 李奐戰敗，奔成都，子璋自稱梁王，改元黃龍，以綿州為龍安府，置百官，又陷劍州。
On renwu day Zizhou prefect Duan Zizhang revolted; a veteran of the emperor's flight to Shu, he took up arms when Dongchuan governor Li Huan tried to remove him, attacking Huan at Mianzhou. En route through Suizhou, Prefect Prince Ju of Guo hurried to receive him with full ceremony; Zizhang had him killed. Huan fled to Chengdu after defeat; Zizhang proclaimed himself King of Liang, took the era name Huanglong, made Mianzhou his capital as Long'an, set up a full court, and seized Jianzhou.
22
五月，己丑，李光弼自河中入朝。
In the fifth month, on jichou day, Li Guangbi came to court from Hedong.
23
初，李輔國與張後同謀遷上皇於西內。 是日端午，山人李唐見上，上方抱幼女，謂唐曰：「朕念之，卿勿怪也。」 對曰：「太上皇思見陛下，計亦如陛下之念公主也。」 上泫然泣下，然畏張後，尚不敢詣西內。
Li Fuguo and Empress Zhang had conspired to confine the retired emperor in the Western Palace. On Dragon Boat Festival day the recluse Li Tang was received; the emperor held a little princess and said, "I dote on her—do not be offended." Tang answered, "The retired emperor longs to see you as much as you miss your daughter." The emperor wept but, fearing Empress Zhang, still dared not visit the Western Palace.
24
癸巳，党項寇寶雞。 初，史思明以其博州刺史令狐彰為滑鄭汴節度使，將數千兵戍滑台。 彰密因中使楊萬定通表請降，徙屯杏園度。 思明疑之，遣其將薛岌圍之。 彰與岌戰，大破之，因隨萬定入朝。 甲午，以彰為滑、衛等六州節度使。
On guisi day Tangut forces raided Baoji. Siming had appointed his Bozhou prefect Linghu Zhang to guard Huatai as governor of Hua, Zheng, and Bian with several thousand men. Zhang secretly petitioned to surrender through envoy Yang Wanding and shifted camp to Xingyuan Ford. Siming sent Xue Ji to besiege him. Zhang routed Xue Ji and entered court with Wanding. On jiawu day Linghu Zhang was named governor of six prefectures including Hua and Wei.
25
戊戌，平盧節度使侯希逸擊史朝義范陽兵，破之。
On wuxu day Hou Xiyi of Pinglu defeated Chaoyi's Fanyang army.
26
乙未，西川節度使崔光遠與東川節度使李奐共攻綿州，庚子，拔之，斬段子璋。
Cui Guangyuan and Li Huan besieged Mianzhou; on gengzi day they took the city and executed Duan Zizhang.
27
復以李光弼為河南副元帥、太尉兼侍中，都統河南、淮南東西、山南東、荊南、江南西、浙江東西八道行營節度，出鎮臨淮。
Guangbi was restored as deputy supreme commander of Henan, grand marshal and palace attendant, placed over eight regional commands, and posted to Linhuai.
28
六月，甲寅，青密節度使能元皓敗史朝義將李元遇。
In the sixth month, on jiayin day, Neng Yuanhao defeated Chaoyi's general Li Yuanyu.
29
江淮都統李峘畏失守之罪，歸咎於浙西節度使侯令儀，丙子，令儀坐除名，長流康州； 加田神功開府儀同三司，徙徐州刺史； 征李峘、鄧景山還京師。
Li Xian, fearing blame for lost territory, scapegoated Zhexi governor Hou Lingyi, who on bingzi day was stripped of rank and exiled to Kangzhou; Tian Shenggong was made Kaifu Yitong Sansi and moved to Xuzhou; Li Xian and Deng Jingshan were recalled to the capital.
30
戊寅，党項寇好畤。
On wuyin day Tangut raiders struck Hao zhi.
31
秋，七月，癸未朔，日有食之，既，大星皆見。
In autumn, on the first guiwei day of the seventh month, a total solar eclipse ended to reveal the major stars.
32
以試少府監李藏用為浙西節度副使。
Li Cangyong was appointed deputy governor of Zhexi.
33
八月，癸丑朔，加開府儀同三司李輔國兵部尚書。 乙未，輔國赴上，宰相朝臣皆送之，御廚具饌，太常設樂。 輔國驕縱日甚，求為宰相。 上曰：「以卿之功，何官不可為，其如朝望未允何！」 輔國乃諷僕射裴冕等薦己。 上密謂蕭華曰：「輔國求為宰相，若公卿表來，不得不與。」 華出，問冕，曰：「初無此事，吾臂可斷，宰相不可得！」 華入言之，上大悅； 輔國銜之。
On the first guichou day of the eighth month Li Fuguo was also named minister of war. When Fuguo went to court on yiwei day, the whole bureaucracy escorted him with imperial feast and ceremonial music. Fuguo grew ever more arrogant and demanded a seat on the Grand Council. The emperor replied, "Your service entitles you to any post—but the court is not ready to accept this." Fuguo pressed Vice Director Pei Mian and others to nominate him. The emperor confided to Xiao Hua that if the officials petitioned for Fuguo, he would have to agree. Xiao Hua asked Pei Mian, who declared he would lose an arm before making Fuguo chancellor. Xiao Hua reported this and the emperor was delighted; "Fuguo never forgave him."
34
己巳，李光弼赴河南行營。
On jisi day Guangbi took command at the Henan field headquarters.
35
辛巳，以殿中監李若幽為朔方、鎮西、北庭、興平、陳鄭等節度行營及河中節度使，鎮絳州，賜名國貞。
On xinsi day Li Ruoyou was named Guozhen, given Shuofang and allied commands, and posted to Jiangzhou as Hedong governor.
36
九月，甲申，天成地平節。 上於三殿置道場，以宮人為佛菩薩，北門武士為金剛神王，召大臣膜拜圍繞。
In the ninth month the Tian Cheng Di Ping festival was observed on jiashen day. In the Three Halls the emperor staged a Buddhist rite with palace women as bodhisattvas, gate guards as vajra kings, and ministers prostrating around them.
37
壬寅，制去尊號，但稱皇帝； 去年號，但稱元年； 以建子月為歲首，月皆以所建為數； 因赦天下。 停京兆、河南、太原、鳳翔四京及江陵南都之號。 自今每除五品以上清望京官及郎官、御史、刺史，令舉一人自代，觀其所舉，以行殿最。
On renyin day an edict stripped honorific titles, leaving only "Emperor"; era names were dropped in favor of "First Year"; the calendar year began in the jianzi month with months renumbered accordingly; and a general amnesty followed. The titles of the four capitals and the southern capital at Jiangling were abolished. All future appointments from fifth rank up would require each official to name a successor candidate for performance review.
38
江、淮大饑，人相食。
Famine ravaged the Jiang-Huai region until people resorted to cannibalism.
39
冬，十月，江淮都統崔圓署李藏用為楚州刺史。 會支度租庸使以劉展之亂，諸州用倉庫物無准，奏請征驗。 時倉猝募兵，物多散亡，征之不足，諸將往往賣產以償之。 藏用恐其及己，嘗與人言，頗有悔恨。 其牙將高干挾故怨，使人詣廣陵告藏用反，先以兵襲之，藏用走，干追斬之。 崔圓遂簿責藏用將吏以驗之，將吏畏，皆附成其狀。 獨孫待封堅言不反，圓命引出斬之。 或謂曰：「子何不從眾以求生！」 待封曰：「吾始從劉大夫，奉詔書來赴鎮，人謂吾反； 李公起兵滅齊大夫，今又以李公為反。 如此，誰則非反者，庸有極乎！ 吾寧就死，不能誣人以非罪。」 遂斬之。
In the tenth month Cui Yuan, overall commander of Jiang-Huai, named Li Cangyong prefect of Chuzhou. The revenue commissioner, citing Liu Zhan's revolt, ordered audits of prefectural storehouses. Hasty wartime levies had depleted stores; generals sold land to cover shortages. Fearing he would be targeted, Cangyong voiced bitter regret. Yamen officer Gao Gan, nursing a grudge, denounced Cangyong as a rebel at Yangzhou, attacked him, and cut him down as he fled. Cui Yuan interrogated Cangyong's staff, who confirmed the accusation out of fear. Only Sun Daifeng denied guilt and was executed on Yuan's order. Someone urged him to go along with the others to save his life. Daifeng replied, "When I followed Minister Liu here by imperial order, I was called a rebel; When Li Cangyong destroyed Liu, Li too was called a rebel. If this goes on, who is not a rebel—and where does it end? I would rather die than falsely condemn others. He was beheaded."
40
建子月，壬午朔，上受朝賀，如正旦儀。
On the first renwu day of the jianzi month the emperor held a New Year's-style audience.
41
或告鴻臚卿康謙與史朝義通，事連司農卿嚴莊，俱下獄。 京兆尹劉晏遣吏防守莊家。 上尋敕出莊，引見。 莊怨晏，因言晏與臣言，常道禁中語，矜功怨上。 丁亥，貶晏通州刺史，莊難江尉，謙伏誅。 戊子，御史中丞元載為戶部侍郎，充句當度支、鑄錢、鹽鐵兼江淮轉運等使。 載初為度支郎中，敏悟善奏對，上愛其才，委以江淮漕運，數月，遂代劉晏，專掌財利。
Kang Qian of Honglu was accused of dealing with Chaoyi, implicating Yan Zhuang of Sinong; both were jailed. Jingzhao prefect Liu Yan posted guards at Zhuang's home. The emperor soon released Zhuang and received him. Zhuang, resentful, accused Yan of repeating palace secrets, boasting, and disloyalty. On dinghai day Yan was exiled to Tongzhou, Zhuang to Nanjiang, and Qian was executed. On wuzi day Yuan Zai became vice minister of revenue and took over transport and fiscal affairs on the Jiang-Huai. Yuan Zai, a sharp revenue official, won the emperor's favor, took over Jiang-Huai grain transport within months, and displaced Liu Yan.
42
戊戌，冬至； 己亥，上朝上皇於西內。
On wuxu day came the winter solstice; on jihai the emperor visited the retired emperor in the Western Palace.
43
神策節度使衛伯玉攻史朝義，拔永寧，破澠池、福昌、長水等縣。
Wei Boyu of Shence defeated Chaoyi, capturing Yongning and several counties.
44
己酉，上朝獻太清宮； 庚戌，享太廟、元獻廟。 建丑月，辛亥朔，祀圜丘、太一壇。
On jiyou day the emperor worshipped at Taqing Palace; on gengxu at the ancestral and Yuanxian temples. On the first xinhai day of jianchou month he sacrificed at the Round Altar and Grand Unity Altar.
45
平盧節度使侯希逸與范陽相攻連年，救援既絕，又為奚所侵，乃悉舉其軍二萬餘人襲李懷仙，破之，因引兵而南。
After years fighting Fanyang without relief and Xi raids, Hou Xiyi marched his twenty thousand men south, defeating Li Huaixian.
46
肅宗文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝下之下寶應元年（ 壬寅，公元七六二年）
Continuing Emperor Suzong's reign—the first year of Baoying ( 762 CE, year renyin)
47
建丙月，甲申，追尊靖德太子琮為奉天皇帝，妃竇氏為恭應皇后，丁酉，葬於齊陵。
In jianbing month Prince Cong was posthumously enthroned as Emperor Fengtian and buried at Qiling on dingyou day.
48
甲辰，吐蕃遣使請和。
On jiachen day Tibet sued for peace.
49
李光弼拔許州，擒史朝義所署穎川太守李春； 朝義將史參救之，丙午，戰於城下，又破之。
Guangbi took Xuzhou and captured Chaoyi's appointee Li Chun as Yingchuan prefect; General Shi Can's relief force was routed below the walls on bingwu day.
50
戊申，平盧節度使侯希逸於青州北渡河而會田神功、能元皓於兗州。
On wushen day Hou Xiyi crossed the Yellow River north of Qingzhou and joined Tian Shenggong and Neng Yuanhao at Yanzhou.
51
租庸使元載以江、淮雖經兵荒，其民比諸道猶有資產，乃按籍舉八年租調之違負及逋逃者，計其大數而征之； 擇豪吏為縣令而督之，不問負之有無，資之高下，察民有粟帛者發徒圍之，籍其所有而中分之，甚者什取八九，謂之白著。 有不服者，嚴刑以威之。 民有蓄谷十斛者，則重足以待命，或相聚山澤為群盜，州縣不能制。
Yuan Zai decided that Jiang-Huai, despite war damage, still had wealth on the books and levied eight years of back taxes in lump sums; He sent harsh magistrates to seize grain and cloth, taking half—or eight or nine tenths in the worst cases—in the so-called "white levy." Dissenters were crushed by torture. Farmers with even ten hu of grain were shackled; others fled to the hills as bandits beyond county control.
52
建卯月，辛亥朔，赦天下； 復以京兆為上都，河南為東都，鳳翔為西都，江陵為南都，太原為北都。
On the first xinhai day of jianmao month the emperor amnestied the realm; and restored the five capital designations.
53
奴剌寇成固。 初，王思禮為河東節度使，資儲豐衍，贍軍之外，積米百萬斛，奏請輸五十萬斛於京師。 思禮薨，管崇嗣代之，為政寬弛，信任左右，數月間，耗散殆盡，惟陳腐米萬餘斛在。 上聞之，以鄧景山代之。 景山至，則鉤校所出入，將士輩多有隱沒，皆懼。 有裨將抵罪當死，諸將請之，不許； 其弟請代兄死，亦不許； 請入一馬以贖死，乃許之。 諸將怒曰：「我輩曾不及一馬乎！」 遂作亂，癸丑，殺景山。 上以景山撫御失所以致亂，不復推究亂者，遣使慰諭以安之。 諸將請以都知兵馬使、代州刺史辛雲京為節度使。 己未，以雲京為北都留守、河東節度使。 雲京奏張光晟為代州刺史。
Nula raiders struck Chenggu. Wang Sili as Hedong governor had amassed a million hu of rice and offered half a million to the capital. After Sili's death Guan Chongsi squandered the granaries within months, leaving only rotten rice. The emperor sent Deng Jingshan to replace him. Deng audited the books and frightened officers who had skimmed supplies. When a staff captain faced execution, his comrades pleaded in vain; his brother offered to die in his stead and was refused; only a horse ransom won a reprieve. The officers fumed, "Are we worth less than a horse?" They mutinied on guichou day and killed Deng Jingshan. The emperor blamed Deng's harshness, not the mutineers, and sent envoys to pacify the army. They demanded Xin Yunjing as the new governor. On jiwei day Xin Yunjing became regent of the northern capital and Hedong governor. He appointed Zhang Guangcheng prefect of Daizhou.
54
絳州素無儲蓄，民間饑，不可賦斂，將士糧賜不充，朔方等諸道行營都統李國貞屢以狀聞； 朝廷未報，軍中咨怨。 突將王元振將作亂，矯令於眾曰：「來日修都統宅，各具畚鍤，待命於門。」 士卒皆怒，曰：「朔方健兒豈修宅夫邪！」 乙丑，元振帥其徒作亂，燒牙城門。 國貞逃於獄，元振執之，置卒食於彰，曰：「食此而役其力，可乎？」 國貞曰：「修宅則無之，軍食則屢奏而未報，諸君所知也。」 眾欲退。 元振曰：「今日之事，何必更問！ 都統不死，則我輩死矣。」 遂拔刃殺之。 鎮西、北庭行營兵屯於翼城，亦殺節度使荔非元禮，推裨將白孝德為節度使，朝廷因而授之。
Jiangzhou had no reserves, the people were starving, and pay ran short despite Li Guozhen's repeated memorials; the court did not respond and the troops grew mutinous. Strike captain Wang Yuanzhen plotted mutiny, falsely ordering the men to bring tools tomorrow to "repair the commander's house." The Shuofang veterans roared that they were not construction workers. On yichou day Yuanzhen mutinied and torched the headquarters gate. Guozhen hid in the jail; Yuanzhen seized him and mocked, "Eat this ration, then work—is that fair?" Guozhen replied that no one had ordered house repairs and that grain requisitions went unanswered. The men began to disperse. Yuanzhen shouted that there was nothing more to discuss. If the commander lives, we die." He drew his sword and killed Guozhen. "At Yicheng, Zhenxi and Beiting troops killed governor Li Fei Yuanli and made Bai Xiaode governor, which the court confirmed.
55
戊辰，淮西節度使王仲升與史朝義將謝欽讓戰於申州城下，為賊所虜，淮西震駭。 會侯希逸、田神功、能元皓攻汴州，朝義召欽讓兵救之。
On wuchen day Wang Zhongsheng of Huaixi was captured fighting Xie Qinrang below Shenzhou, shocking the circuit. As Hou Xiyi, Tian Shenggong, and Neng Yuanhao besieged Bianzhou, Chaoyi recalled Qinrang to relieve it.
56
絳州諸軍剽掠不已，朝廷憂其與太原亂軍合從連賊，非新進諸將所能鎮服，辛未，以郭子儀為汾陽王，知朔方、河中、北庭潞澤節度行營兼興平、定國等軍副元帥，發京師絹四萬匹、布五萬端、米六萬石以給絳軍。
With Jiangzhou troops looting and fearing alliance with Taiyuan mutineers, on xinwei day Guo Ziyi was made Prince of Fenyang and deputy commander, with huge supplies sent to Jiangzhou.
57
建辰月，庚寅，子儀將行，時上不豫，群臣莫得進見。 子儀請曰：「老臣受命，將死於外，不見陛下，目不瞑矣！」 上召入臥內，謂曰：「河東之事，一以委卿。
In jianchén month, as Ziyi prepared to leave, the ailing emperor received no ministers. Ziyi pleaded, "I may die on campaign without seeing you—my eyes would not close." The emperor received him bedside and said, "All of Hedong is in your hands.
58
史朝義遣兵圍李抱玉於澤州，子儀發定國軍救之，乃去。
Chaoyi besieged Li Baoyu at Zezhou until Ziyi sent the Dingguo army and lifted the siege.
59
上召山南東道節度使來瑱赴京師。 瑱樂在襄陽，其將士亦愛之，乃諷所部將吏上表留之，行及鄧州，復令還鎮。 荊南節度使呂諲、淮西節度使王仲升及中使往來者言：「瑱曲收眾心，恐久難制。」 上乃割商、金、均、房別置觀察使，令瑱止領六州。 會謝欽讓圍王仲長升於申州數月，瑱怨之，按兵不救，仲升竟敗沒。 行軍司馬裴□謀奪瑱位，密表瑱倔強難制，請以兵襲取之，上以為然。 癸巳，以瑱為淮西、河南十六州節度使，外示寵任，實欲圖之。 密敕以□代瑱為襄、鄧等州防禦使。
The emperor recalled Shannan East governor Lai Tian to court. Lai Tian, beloved in Xiangyang, had his officers petition to keep him; at Dengzhou he was sent back. Lü Yin, Wang Zhongsheng, and envoys warned that Lai Tian was winning loyalty and would be hard to control. The court carved out four prefectures under a new observer and limited Lai Tian to six prefectures. When Xie Qinrang besieged Wang Zhongsheng at Shenzhou for months, Lai Tian withheld aid and Wang fell. Marshal Pei □ plotted to replace Lai Tian, urging a surprise arrest, and the emperor agreed. On guisi day Lai Tian was promoted to a grand Huai-Henan command—a trap disguised as honor. Secret orders named Pei □ to replace him in Xiangyang.
60
甲午，奴剌寇梁州，觀察使李勉棄城走，以邠州剌史河西臧希讓為山南西道節度使。 丙申，党項寇奉天。
On jiawu day Nula raided Liangzhou; Li Mian fled and Zang Xirang was named governor of Shannan West. On bingshen day Tangut forces raided Fengtian.
61
李輔國以求宰相不得怨蕭華。 庚午，以戶部侍郎元載為京兆尹。 載詣輔國固辭，輔國識其意； 壬寅，以司農卿陶銳為京兆尹。 輔國言蕭華專權，請罷其相，上不許。 輔國固請不已，乃從之，仍引元載代華。 戊申，華罷為禮部尚書，以載同平章事，領度支、轉運如故。
Li Fuguo resented Xiao Hua after failing to become chancellor. On gengwu day Yuan Zai became Jingzhao prefect. Zai declined the post to Fuguo, who understood the gesture; on renyin Tao Rui of Sinong took the post instead. Fuguo accused Xiao Hua of monopolizing power; the emperor refused to dismiss him. Fuguo kept pressing until the emperor agreed and Yuan Zai replaced Hua. On wushen day Xiao Hua became minister of rites while Yuan Zai joined the Grand Council and kept fiscal posts.
62
建巳月，庚戌朔，澤州剌史李抱玉破史朝義兵於城下。
On the first gengxu day of jiansi month Li Baoyu routed Chaoyi's army at Zezhou.
63
壬子，楚州刺史崔侁表稱，有尼真如，恍惚登天，見上帝，賜以寶玉十三枚，云：「中國有災，以此鎮之。」 群臣表賀。
Chuzhou prefect Cui Shen reported a nun who claimed a heavenly vision and thirteen jade talismans to ward off disaster. Ministers sent congratulatory memorials.
64
甲寅，上皇崩於神龍殿，年七十八。 乙卯，遷坐於太極殿。 上以寢疾，發哀於內殿，群臣發哀於太極殿。 蕃官嫠面割耳者四百餘人。 丙辰，命苗晉卿攝塚宰。 上自仲春寢疾，聞上皇登遐，哀慕，疾轉劇，乃命太子監國。 甲子，制改元； 復以建寅為正月，月數皆如其舊； 赦天下。
On jiayin day the retired emperor died in Shenlong Hall at seventy-eight. On yimao the bier was placed in Taiji Hall. The ailing emperor mourned privately while officials mourned in Taiji Hall. Over four hundred foreign widows mutilated themselves in grief. On bingchen Miao Jinqing served as chief mourner. Grief over his father's death worsened the emperor's illness and he named the crown prince regent. On jiazi day a new era was proclaimed; restoring the normal calendar with jianyin as New Year; and amnestying the realm.
65
初，張後與李輔國相表裡，專權用事，晚年，更有隙。 內射生使三原程元振黨於輔國。 上疾篤，後召太子謂曰：「李輔國久典禁兵，制敕皆從之出，擅逼遷聖皇，其罪甚大，所忌者吾與太子。 今主上彌留，輔國陰與程元振謀作亂，不可不誅。」 太子泣曰：「陛下疾甚危，二人皆陛下勳舊之臣，一日不告而誅之，必致震驚，恐不能堪也。」 後曰：「然則太子姑歸，吾更徐思之。」 太子出，後召越王系謂曰：「太子仁弱，不能誅賊臣，汝能之乎？」 對曰：「能。」 系乃命內謁者監段恆俊選宦官有勇力者二百餘人，授甲於長生殿後。 乙丑，後以上命召太子。 元振知其謀，密告輔國，伏兵於陵霄門以俟之，太子至，以難告。 太子曰：「必無是事。 主上疾，亟召我，我豈可畏死而不赴乎！」 元振曰：「社稷事大，太子必不可入。」 乃以兵送太子於飛龍廄，且以甲卒守之。 是夜，輔國、元振勒兵三殿，收捕越王系、段恆俊及知內侍省事朱光輝等百餘人，系之。 以太子之命遷後於別殿。 時上在長生殿，使者逼後下殿，並左右數十人幽於後宮，宦官宮人皆驚駭逃散。 丁卯，上崩。 輔國等殺後並系及兗王僩。 是日，輔國始引太子素服於九仙門與宰相相見，敘上皇晏駕，拜哭，始行監國之令。 戊辰，發大行皇帝喪於兩儀殿，宣遺詔。 己巳，代宗即位。
Empress Zhang and Li Fuguo had once shared power but later fell out. Inner guard commissioner Cheng Yuanzhen backed Fuguo. On her deathbed the empress told the crown prince that Fuguo, who controlled the guards and had ousted the retired emperor, now threatened them both. She urged killing Fuguo and Cheng Yuanzhen before they rebelled. The crown prince wept that executing two veteran ministers without warning would shock the court. The empress told him to leave while she reconsidered. She then asked Prince Xi of Yue whether he could kill the traitors when the crown prince could not. He answered yes. Xi armed over two hundred strong eunuchs behind Longevity Hall. On yichou the empress summoned the crown prince. Yuanzhen tipped off Fuguo, who ambushed Lingxiao Gate and warned the prince. The prince insisted there was no plot. Father is ill and calls me—I cannot refuse out of fear!" Yuanzhen said the realm came first and barred him from entering. Troops escorted him to Flying Dragon Stable under guard. That night Fuguo and Yuanzhen seized Prince Xi, Duan Hengjun, Zhu Guanghui, and over a hundred others. On the prince's order the empress was moved to another hall. Envoys dragged the empress away while attendants were confined; palace staff fled in terror. On dingmao the emperor died. Fuguo killed the empress, Prince Xi, and Prince Qian of Yan. That day Fuguo brought the prince in mourning to meet the chancellors and begin regency. On wuchen the late emperor's mourning was proclaimed and the will read. On jisi Emperor Daizong ascended the throne.
66
高力士遇赦還，至朗州，聞上皇崩，號慟，嘔血而卒。
Gao Lishi, pardoned and returning, died of grief at Langzhou on hearing of the retired emperor's death.
67
甲戌，以皇子奉節王適為天下兵馬元帥。
On jiaxu day Prince Shi of Fengjie was named supreme commander of all armies.
68
李輔國恃功益橫，明謂上曰：「大家但居禁中，外事聽老奴處分。」 上內不能平，以其方握禁兵，外尊禮之。 乙亥，號輔國為尚父而不名，事無大小皆咨之，群臣出入皆先詣，輔國亦晏然處之。 以內飛龍廄副使程元振為左監門衛將軍。 知內侍省事朱光輝及內常侍啖庭瑤、山人李唐等二十餘人皆流黔中。
Fuguo boasted to the emperor, "Stay in the palace; leave outside affairs to me." Daizong inwardly seethed but outwardly honored him while he held the guards. On yihai day Fuguo was styled Imperial Father; ministers paid court to him first. Cheng Yuanzhen became Left Gate Guard general. Zhu Guanghui, Dan Tingyao, Li Tang, and over twenty others were exiled to Qianzhong.
69
初，李國貞治軍嚴，朔方將士不樂，皆思郭子儀，故王元振因之作亂。 子儀至軍，元振自以為功，子儀曰：「汝臨賊境，輒害主將，若賊乘其釁，無絳州矣。 吾為宰相，豈受一卒之私邪！」 五月，庚辰，收元振及其同謀四十人，皆殺之。 辛雲京聞之，亦推按鄧景山者數十人，誅之。 由是河東諸鎮率皆奉法。
Li Guozhen's harsh discipline made Shuofang troops long for Guo Ziyi, enabling Yuanzhen's mutiny. Ziyi rebuked Yuanzhen for killing his commander on the frontier and inviting enemy attack. As chancellor, I will not show favor to one soldier." In the fifth month, on gengchen day, Yuanzhen and forty conspirators were executed. Xin Yunjing likewise executed dozens tied to Deng Jingshan's murder. Hedong garrisons thereafter mostly obeyed the law.
70
壬午，以李輔國為司空兼中書令。
On renwu day Li Fuguo was made minister of works and director of the Secretariat.
71
党項寇同官、華原。
Tangut raiders struck Tongguan and Huayuan.
72
甲申，以平盧節度使侯希逸為平盧、青、淄等六州節度使，由是青州節度有平盧之號。
On jiashen day Hou Xiyi received the six-prefecture Pinglu command, giving Qingzhou the Pinglu name.
73
乙酉，徙奉節王適為魯王。
Prince Shi of Fengjie was retitled Prince of Lu.
74
庚寅，追尊上母吳妃為皇太后。
On gengyin the emperor's mother Lady Wu was posthumously made empress dowager.
75
壬辰，貶禮部尚書蕭華為峽州司馬。 元載希李輔國意，以罪誣之也。
On renchen Xiao Hua was demoted to staff administrator of Xizhou. Yuan Zai framed him to please Fuguo.
76
敕乾元大小錢皆一當一，民始安之。
An edict fixed Qianyuan coins at par, easing popular distress.
77
史朝義自圍宋州數月，城中食盡，將陷，剌史李岑不知所為。 遂城果毅開封劉昌曰：「倉中猶有麴數千斤，請屑食之； 不過二十日，李太尉必救我。 城東南隅最危，昌請守之。」 李光弼至臨淮，諸將以朝義兵尚強，請南保揚州。 光弼曰：「朝廷倚我以為安危，我復退縮，朝廷何望！ 且吾出其不意，賊安知吾之眾寡！」 遂徑趣徐州，使兗鄆節度使田神功進擊朝義，大破之。 先是，田神功既克劉展，留連揚州未還，太子賓客尚衡與左羽林大將軍殷仲卿相攻於兗、鄆，聞光弼至，憚其威名，神功遽還河南，衡、仲卿相繼入朝。
After months besieging Songzhou until food ran out, Prefect Li Cen despaired. Guard officer Liu Chang of Kaifeng proposed eating leftover mash from the stores; within twenty days Marshal Li Guangbi would relieve them. He volunteered to hold the most threatened southeast corner. At Linhuai, generals urged retreat to Yangzhou while Chaoyi remained strong. Guangbi refused: "The court trusts me for its safety—I cannot retreat. A surprise move will hide our numbers." He marched on Xuzhou and had Tian Shenggong crush Chaoyi's force. Earlier Tian Shenggong had lingered in Yangzhou; Shang Heng and Yin Zhongqing fought in Yan-Yun until Guangbi's arrival sent Tian back and both rivals to court.
78
光弼在徐州，惟軍旅之事自決之，自餘眾務，悉委判官張參。 參吏事精敏，區處如流，諸將白事，光弼多令與參議之，諸將事如光弼，由是軍中肅然，東夏以寧。 先是，田神功起偏裨為節度使，留前使判官劉位等於幕府，神功皆平受其拜； 及見光弼與參抗禮，乃大驚，遍拜位等曰：「神功出於行伍，不知禮儀，諸君亦胡為不言，成神功之過乎！」
At Xuzhou Guangbi kept military command while delegate Zhang Can ran everything else. Zhang Can ran staff work with ease; generals routed business through him as Guangbi did, and order returned to the east. Tian Shenggong, risen from the ranks, had kept former aides like Liu Wei who still bowed to him as equals; Seeing Guangbi treat Zhang Can as an equal shocked Tian, who apologized to his staff for his own ignorance of etiquette;"
79
丁酉，赦天下。
On dingyou day the court amnestied the realm.
80
立皇子益昌王邈為鄭王，延為慶王，迥為韓王。
Princes Miao, Yan, and Jiong were enfeoffed as Princes of Zheng, Qing, and Han.
81
來瑱聞徙淮西，大懼，上言：「淮西無糧，請俟收麥而行。」 又諷將吏留己。 上欲姑息無事，壬寅，復以瑱為山南東道節度使。 飛龍副使程元振謀奪李輔國權，密言於上，請稍加裁製。 六月，己未，解輔國行軍司馬及兵部尚書，餘如故，以元振代判元帥行軍司馬，仍遷輔國出居外第。 於是道路相賀。 輔國始懼，上表遜位。 辛酉，罷輔國兼中書令，進爵博陸王。 輔國入謝，憤咽而言曰：「老奴事郎君不了，請歸地下事先帝！」 上猶慰諭而遣之。
Lai Tian, terrified of transfer to Huaixi, asked to delay until the wheat harvest; he also had his officers petition to keep him. Seeking peace, on renyin day the emperor restored Lai Tian to Shannan East. Cheng Yuanzhen plotted against Fuguo and urged the emperor to rein him in. In the sixth month, on jiwei day, Fuguo lost his marshal and war ministry posts; Yuanzhen replaced him and Fuguo was moved out of the palace. People celebrated in the streets. Fuguo, alarmed, offered to resign. On xinyou day he lost the Secretariat post but was made Prince of Bolu. Fuguo visited court choking with rage, saying he had failed the emperor and wished to join the late emperor in death. The emperor comforted him and sent him away.
82
壬戌，以兵部侍郎嚴武為西川節度使。
On renxu day Yan Wu became Xichuan governor.
83
襄鄧防禦使裴谷屯穀城，既得密敕，即帥麾下二千人沿漢趣襄陽； 己巳，陳於谷水北。 瑱以兵逆之，問其所以來，對曰：「尚書不不受朝命，故來。 若受代，謹當釋兵。」 瑱曰：「吾已蒙恩，復留鎮此，何受代之有！」 因取敕及告身示之，瑱驚惑。 瑱與副使薛南陽縱兵夾擊，大破之，追擒□於申口，送京師； 賜死。
Pei Gu at Gucheng marched two thousand men down the Han toward Xiangyang on secret orders; On jisi day he formed up north of the Gushui. Lai Tian confronted him; Pei said he came because Lai Tian had not obeyed the transfer order. If you accept replacement, we will stand down." Lai Tian said he had been graciously allowed to stay—there was no replacement. He produced the edict and commission, leaving Lai Tian stunned. Lai Tian and Xue Nanyang crushed Pei's force, captured □ at Shenkou, and sent him to the capital; He was executed by imperial grace.
84
乙亥，以通州刺史劉晏為戶部侍郎兼京兆尹，充度支、轉運、鹽鐵、鑄錢等使。
On yihai day Liu Yan became vice minister of revenue, Jingzhao prefect, and fiscal commissioner.
85
秋，七月，壬辰，以郭子儀都知朔方、河東、北庭、潞、儀、澤、沁、陳、鄭等節度行營及興平等軍副元帥。
In the seventh month Guo Ziyi was placed over Shuofang, Hedong, and allied commands as deputy supreme commander.
86
癸巳，劍南兵馬使徐知道反，以兵守要害，拒嚴武，武不得進。
On guisi day Xu Zhidao rebelled in Jiannan and blocked Yan Wu's advance.
87
八月，桂州刺史刑濟討西原賊帥吳功曹等，平之。
In the eighth month Xing Ji of Guizhou suppressed bandits under Wu Gongcao.
88
己未，徐知道為其將李忠勇所殺，劍南悉平。
On jiwei day Li Zhongyong killed Xu Zhidao and Jiannan was pacified.
89
乙丑，山南東道節度使瑱入朝謝罪，上優待之。
On yichou day Lai Tian submitted to court and was treated leniently.
90
己巳，郭子儀自河東入朝。 時程元振用事，忌子儀功高任重，數譖之於上。 子儀不自安，表請解副元帥、節度使。 上慰撫之，子儀遂留京師。
On jisi day Guo Ziyi came to court from Hedong. Cheng Yuanzhen, jealous of Guo Ziyi's stature, slandered him repeatedly. Guo Ziyi, uneasy, asked to resign his commands. The emperor reassured him and he stayed at court.
91
台州賊帥袁晁攻陷浙東諸州，改元寶勝； 民疲於賦斂者多歸之。 李光弼遣兵擊晁於衢州，破之。
Bandit Yuan Chao seized Zhedong prefectures and proclaimed the era Baosheng; tax-weary commoners flocked to him. Li Guangbi defeated Yuan Chao at Quzhou.
92
乙亥，徙魯王適為雍王。
Prince Shi of Lu was retitled Prince of Yong.
93
九月，庚辰，以來瑱為兵部尚書、同平章事、知山南東道節度使。
In the ninth month Lai Tian joined the Grand Council as minister of war while keeping Shannan East.
94
乙未，加程元振驃騎大將軍兼內侍監。
On yiwei day Cheng Yuanzhen was made flying cavalry grand general and palace supervisor.
95
左僕射裴冕為山陵使，議事有與程元振相違者，丙申，貶冕施州刺史。
Pei Mian, clashing with Cheng Yuanzhen over the imperial tomb, was exiled to Shizhou on bingchen day.
96
上遣中使劉清潭使於回紇，修舊好，且徵兵討史朝義。 清潭至其庭，回紇登裡可汗已為朝義所誘，云「唐室繼有大喪，今中原無主，可汗宜速來共收其府庫。」 可汗信之。 清潭致敕書曰：「先帝雖棄天下，今上繼統，乃昔日廣平王，與葉護共收兩京者也。」 回紇業已起兵至三城，見州、縣皆為丘墟，有輕唐之志，乃困辱清潭。 清潭遣使言狀，且曰：「回紇舉國十萬眾至矣！」 京師大駭。 上遣殿中監藥子昂往勞之於忻州南。 初，毘伽闕可汗為登裡求婚，肅宗以僕固懷恩女妻之，為登裡可敦，可汗請與懷恩相見，懷恩時在汾州，上令往見之，懷恩為可汗言唐家恩信不可負，可汗悅，遣使上表，請助國討朝義。 可汗欲自蒲關入，由沙苑出潼關東向，藥子昂說之曰：「關中數遭兵荒，州縣蕭條，無以供擬，恐可汗失望； 賊兵盡在洛陽，請自土門略邢、洺、懷、衛而南，得其資財以充軍裝。」 可汗不從； 又請「自太行南下據河陰，扼賊咽喉」，亦不從； 又請「自陝州大陽津渡河，食太原倉粟，與諸道俱進」，乃從之。
The court sent Liu Qingtan to the Uyghurs to renew alliance and seek troops against Chaoyi. At the Uyghur court Chaoyi's agents told the qaghan the Tang throne was empty and invited him to seize its treasuries. The qaghan believed them. Qingtan presented the edict noting the new emperor was the Prince of Guangping who had retaken the capitals with the Uyghurs. Marching to Sancheng and seeing Tang lands in ruins, they despised the Tang and abused Qingtan. Qingtan warned that a hundred thousand Uyghurs were coming. The capital panicked. The emperor sent Yao Ziang to greet them south of Xinzhou. Earlier Mojilian had married Huai'en's daughter to Tengri; Huai'en persuaded the qaghan to honor Tang and help fight Chaoyi. The qaghan wanted to enter via Puguan and Tong Pass; Yao Ziang warned that ravaged Guanzhong could not feed his army; he urged a southern route through Xing and Ming to loot rebel-held wealth for supplies. The qaghan refused; a plan to seize Heyin via the Taihang was also rejected; only when Yao proposed crossing at Dayang Ford to use Taiyuan grain did the qaghan agree.
97
袁晁陷信州。
Yuan Chao captured Xinzhou.
98
冬，十月，袁晁陷溫州、明州。
In the tenth month Yuan Chao took Wenzhou and Mingzhou.
99
以雍王適為天下兵馬元帥。 辛酉，辭行，以兼御史中丞藥子昂、魏琚為左、右廂兵馬使，以中書舍人韋少華為判官，給事中李進為行軍司馬，會諸道節度使及回紇於陝州，進討史朝義。 上欲以郭子儀為適副，程元振、魚朝恩等沮之而止。 加朔方節度使僕固懷恩同平章事兼絳州刺史，領諸軍節度行營以副適。
Prince Shi of Yong was named supreme commander. On xinyou day the prince set out with Yao Ziang and Wei Ju as wing commanders, assembling allies at Shaanzhou against Chaoyi. The emperor wanted Guo Ziyi as deputy but Cheng Yuanzhen and Yu Chao'en blocked it. Pugu Huai'en was made grand councillor and deputy commander under the prince.
100
上在東宮，以李輔國專橫，心甚不平，及嗣位，以輔國有殺張後之功，不欲顯誅之。 壬戌夜，盜入其第，竊輔國之首及一臂而去。 敕有司捕盜，遣中使存問其家，為刻木首葬之，仍贈太傅。
As crown prince Daizong had hated Fuguo's arrogance but spared him openly for killing Empress Zhang. On renxu night thieves beheaded Fuguo and took an arm. The court hunted the killers, buried a wooden head, and posthumously made him grand tutor.
101
丙寅，上命僕固懷恩與母、妻俱詣行營。
On bingyin day Huai'en was ordered to bring his mother and wife to camp.
102
雍王適至陝州，回紇可汗屯於河北，適與僚屬從數十騎往見之。 可汗責適不拜舞，藥子昂對以禮不當然。 回紇將軍車鼻曰：「唐天子與可汗約為兄弟，可汗於雍王，叔父也，何得不拜舞」子昂曰：「雍王，天子長子，今為元帥。 安有中國儲君向外國可汗拜舞乎！」 且兩宮在殯，不應舞蹈。」 力爭久之，車鼻遂引子昂、魏琚、韋少華、李進各鞭一百，以適年少未諳事，遣歸營。 琚、少華一夕而死。
Prince Shi rode with a small escort to visit the Uyghur qaghan north of the river. The qaghan demanded obeisance; Yao Ziang said protocol did not require it. General Chebi insisted the prince must bow as nephew; Yao Ziang replied he was the heir and commander. How could a Tang crown prince prostrate to a foreign qaghan!" With both emperors' coffins in mourning, dancing obeisance was improper." After heated argument Chebi had Yao Ziang, Wei Ju, Wei Shaohua, and Li Jin flogged a hundred strokes each and sent the young prince back to camp. Wei Ju and Wei Shaohua died that night.
103
戊辰，諸軍發陝州，僕固懷恩與回紇左殺為前鋒，陝西節度使郭英乂、神策觀軍容使魚朝恩為殿，自澠池入； 潞澤節度使李抱玉自河陽入； 河南等道副元帥李光弼自陳留入； 雍王留陝州。 辛未，懷恩等軍於同軌。
On wuchen the allied armies left Shaanzhou with Huai'en and Uyghur vanguard, Guo Yingyi and Yu Chao'en in the rear, via Mianchi; Li Baoyu entered from Heyang; Li Guangbi advanced from Chenliu; Prince Shi stayed at Shaanzhou. On xinwei day Huai'en camped at Tonggui.
104
史朝義聞官軍將至，謀於諸將。 阿史那承慶曰：「唐若獨與漢兵來，宜悉眾與戰； 若與回紇俱來，其鋒不可當，宜退守河陽以避之。」 朝義不從。 壬申，官軍至洛陽北郊，分兵取懷州； 癸酉，拔之。 乙亥，官軍陳於橫水。 賊眾數萬，立柵自固，懷恩陳於西原以當之。 遣驍騎及回紇並南山出柵東北，表裡合擊，大破之。 朝義悉其精兵十萬救之，陳於昭覺寺，官軍驟擊之，殺傷甚眾，而賊陳不動； 魚朝恩遣射生五百人力戰，賊雖多死者，陳亦如初。 鎮西節度使馬璘曰：「事急矣！」 遂單騎奮擊，奪賊兩牌，突入萬眾中。 賊左右披靡，大軍乘之而入，賊眾大敗； 轉戰於石榴園、老君廟，賊又敗； 人馬相蹂踐，填尚書谷，斬首六萬級，捕虜二萬人，朝義將輕騎數百東走。 懷恩進克東京及河陽城，獲其中書令許叔冀、王胄等，制釋之。 懷恩留回紇可汗營於河陽，使其子右廂兵馬使瑒及朔方兵馬使高輔成帥步騎萬餘乘勝逐朝義，至鄭州，再戰皆捷。 朝義至汴州，其陳留節度使張獻誠閉門拒之； 朝義奔濮州，獻誠開門出降。
Chaoyi consulted his generals as imperial troops approached. Ashina Chengqing advised fighting if the Tang came alone, but retreating if Uyghurs joined; if Uyghurs came too, they should fall back to Heyang." Chaoyi refused. On renshen day the allies reached Luoyang's north suburb and sent a column to take Huaizhou; capturing it on guiyou day. On yihai the imperial army formed at Hengshui. Tens of thousands of rebels fortified a camp; Huai'en faced them on the west plain. Elite cavalry and Uyghurs swept around the south hills and routed the rebels. Chaoyi committed a hundred thousand elite troops at Zhaojue Temple; imperial assaults failed to break the line; Yu Chao'en's five hundred archers killed many yet the rebel line held. Zhenxi governor Ma Lin cried that the moment was critical. He charged alone, snatched two enemy shields, and plunged into the enemy host. The rebels broke; the main force poured in and routed them; pursuit at Shiliu Garden and Laojun Temple brought further defeats; Sixty thousand heads were taken and Chaoyi fled east with a few hundred horsemen. Huai'en took Luoyang and Heyang and freed captives including Xu Shuji. Huai'en left the Uyghurs at Heyang and sent his son Yang and Gao Fucheng in pursuit to Zhengzhou. At Bianzhou Zhang Xiancheng shut Chaoyi out; "Chaoyi fled to Puzhou while Xiancheng surrendered.
105
回紇入東京，肆行殺略，死者萬計，火累旬不滅。 朔方、神策軍亦以東京、鄭、汴、汝州皆為賊境，所過虜掠，三月乃已，比屋蕩盡，士民皆衣紙。 回紇悉置所掠寶貨於河陽，留其將安恪守之。
Uyghurs looted Luoyang, killing tens of thousands and burning the city for days. Shuofang and Shence troops also looted for three months until towns were stripped bare and people wore paper clothing. The Uyghurs stored loot at Heyang under General An Shou.
106
十一月，丁丑，露布至京師。
In the eleventh month, on dingchou day, victory reports reached the capital.
107
朝義自濮州北渡河，懷恩進攻滑州，拔之，追敗朝義於衛州。 朝義睢陽節度使田承嗣等將兵四萬餘人與朝義合，復來拒戰； 僕固瑒擊破之，長驅至昌樂東。 朝義帥魏州兵來戰，又敗走。 於是鄴郡節度使薛嵩以相、衛、洺、邢四州降於陳鄭、澤潞節度使李抱玉，恆陽節度使張忠志以恆、趙、深、定、易五州降於河東節度使辛雲京。 嵩，楚玉之子也。 抱玉等已進軍入其營，按其部伍，嵩等皆受代； 居無何，僕固懷恩皆令復位。 由是抱玉、雲京疑懷恩有貳心，各表言之，朝廷密為之備； 懷恩亦上疏自理，上慰勉之。 辛巳，制：「東京及河南、北受偽官者，一切不問。」
Chaoyi fled north from Puzhou; Huai'en took Huazhou and routed him at Weizhou. Tian Chengsi joined Chaoyi with forty thousand men to fight again; Pugu Yang broke them and pursued to east of Changle. Chaoyi led Weizhou troops but was beaten again. Xue Song surrendered four prefectures to Li Baoyu and Zhang Zhongzhi five to Xin Yunjing. Xue Song was the son of Xue Chuyu. Li Baoyu entered their camps to reorganize them; but Huai'en soon restored them all. Baoyu and Xin Yunjing suspected Huai'en's loyalty and warned the court; Huai'en defended himself and the emperor reassured him. On xinsi day collaborators in Luoyang and the north were amnestied."
108
己丑，以戶部侍郎劉晏兼河南道水陸轉運都使。
On jichou day Liu Yan was named overall transport commissioner for Henan.
109
丁酉，以張忠志為成德軍節度使，統恆、趙、深、定、易五州，賜姓李，名寶臣。 初，辛雲京引兵將出井陘，常山裨將王武俊說寶臣曰：「今河東兵精銳，出境遠鬥，不可敵也。 且吾以寡當眾，以曲遇直，戰則必離，守則必潰，公其圖之。」 寶臣乃撤守備，舉五州來降。 及復為節度使，以武俊之策為善，擢為先鋒兵馬使。 武俊，本契丹也，初名沿諾干。
On dingyou Zhang Zhongzhi became Chengde governor as Li Baochen. Wang Wujun warned Li Baochen that Xin Yunjing's elite Hedong army could not be beaten in the field. He urged surrender rather than fight a hopeless battle. Li Baochen surrendered the five prefectures. Made governor again, he promoted Wang Wujun for the advice. "Wang Wujun was Khitan, originally named Yannuogan.
110
郭子儀以僕固懷恩有平河朔功，請以副元帥讓之。 己亥，以懷恩為河北副元帥，加左僕射兼中書令、單于、鎮北大都護、朔方節度使。
Guo Ziyi yielded deputy command to Huai'en for pacifying Hebei. On jihai Huai'en became Hebei deputy commander with grand titles and Shuofang.
111
史朝義走至貝州，與其大將薛忠義等兩節度合，僕固瑒追之至臨清。 朝義自衡水引兵三萬還攻之，瑒設伏擊走之。 回紇又至，官軍益振，遂逐之； 大戰於下博東南，賊大敗，積屍擁流而下，朝義奔莫州。 懷恩都知兵馬使薛兼訓、兵馬使郝庭玉與田神功、辛雲京會於下博，進圍朝義於莫州，青淄節度使侯希逸繼至。
Chaoyi fled to Beizhou; Pugu Yang pursued to Linqing. Chaoyi counterattacked from Hengshui with thirty thousand; Yang ambushed and repulsed him. Uyghur reinforcements bolstered the pursuit; At Xiabo the rebels were shattered; Chaoyi fled to Mozhou. Huai'en's generals besieged Chaoyi at Mozhou with Tian Shenggong, Xin Yunjing, and Hou Xiyi.
112
十二月，庚申，初以太祖配天地。
In the twelfth month the Grand Ancestor was first paired with Heaven and Earth in sacrifice.
113
代宗睿文孝武皇帝上之上
Emperor Daizong, first section
114
肅宗文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝下之下廣德元年（ 癸卯，公元七六三年）
First year of Guangde, continuing from Emperor Suzong ( 763 CE, year guimao)
115
春，正月，己卯，追謚吳太后曰章敬皇后。
In spring, on jimao day, Empress Dowager Wu was posthumously titled Zhangjing.
116
癸未，以國子祭酒劉晏為吏部尚書、同平章事，度支等使如故。
On guiwei day Liu Yan became minister of personnel and grand councillor.
117
初，來瑱在襄陽，程元振有所請托，不從； 及為相，元振譖瑱言涉不順。 王仲升在賊中，以屈服得全，賊平得歸，與元振善，奏瑱與賊合謀，致仲升陷賊。 壬寅，瑱坐削官爵，流播州，賜死於路。 由是籓鎮皆切齒於元振。
At Xiangyang Lai Tian had refused Cheng Yuanzhen's favors; as chancellor Yuanzhen accused him of disloyalty. Wang Zhongsheng, who had surrendered to rebels, joined Yuanzhen in accusing Lai Tian of collusion. On renyin day Lai Tian was stripped of rank, exiled, and executed en route. Frontier governors thereafter hated Yuanzhen.
118
史朝義屢出戰，皆敗，田承嗣說朝義，令親往幽州發兵，還救莫州，承嗣自請留守莫州。 朝義從之，選精騎五千自北門犯圍而出。 朝義既去，承嗣即以城降，送朝義母、妻、子於官軍。 於是僕固瑒、侯希逸、薛兼訓等帥眾三萬追之，及于歸義，與戰，朝義敗走。
After repeated defeats Tian Chengsi urged Chaoyi to fetch troops from Youzhou while he held Mozhou. Chaoyi broke out north with five thousand elite horsemen. Chengsi then surrendered Mozhou and sent Chaoyi's family to the Tang. Pugu Yang and allies pursued with thirty thousand and defeated Chaoyi at Guiyi.
119
時朝義范陽節度使李懷仙已因中使駱奉仙請降，遣兵馬使李抱忠將兵三千鎮范陽縣，朝義至范陽，不得入。 官軍將至，朝義遣人諭抱忠以大軍留莫州、輕騎來發兵救援之意，因責以君臣之義，抱忠對曰：「天不祚燕，唐室復興。 今既歸唐矣，豈可更為反覆，獨不愧三軍邪！ 大丈夫恥以詭計相圖，願早擇去就以謀自全。 且田承嗣必已叛矣，不然，官軍何以得至此！」 朝義大懼，曰：「吾朝來未食，獨不能以一餐相餉乎！」 抱忠乃令人設食於城東。 於是范陽人在朝義麾下者，並拜辭而去，朝義涕泣而已，獨與胡騎數百既食而去。 東奔廣陽，廣陽不受； 欲北入奚、契丹，至溫泉柵，李懷仙兵追及之； 朝義窮蹙，縊於林中，懷仙取其首以獻。 僕固懷恩與諸軍皆還。
Li Huaixian had already surrendered Fanyang; Li Baozhong blocked Chaoyi's entry. Chaoyi appealed to duty; Baozhong replied heaven favored the Tang, not Yan. Having submitted to Tang, how could he turn traitor again before his troops? He urged Chaoyi to choose his fate honestly. Tian Chengsi must have betrayed you—else how did the Tang army reach here?" Terrified, Chaoyi begged for a meal. Baozhong fed him east of the city. His Fanyang followers deserted; Chaoyi left with only a few hundred Hu horsemen. Guangyang refused him; fleeing toward the Xi and Khitan he was caught at Wenquan; Chaoyi hanged himself; Huaixian sent his head to the Tang. "Huai'en and the allied armies withdrew.
120
甲辰，朝義首至京師。
On jiachen day Chaoyi's head reached the capital.
121
閏月，己酉夜，有回紇十五人犯含光門，突入鴻臚寺，門司不敢遏。
On an intercalary jiyou night fifteen Uyghurs forced Hanguang Gate into Honglu Temple unchecked.
122
癸亥，以史朝義降將薛嵩為相、衛、邢、洺、貝、磁六州節度使，田承嗣為魏、博、德、滄、瀛五州都防禦使，李懷仙仍故地為幽州、盧龍節度使。 時河北諸州皆已降，嵩等迎僕固懷恩，拜於馬首，乞行間自效； 懷恩亦恐賊平寵衰，故奏留嵩等及李寶臣分帥河北，自為黨援。 朝廷亦厭苦兵革，敬冀無事，因而授之。
On guihai day former rebels Xue Song, Tian Chengsi, and Li Huaixian were enfeoffed over Hebei. They bowed to Huai'en and offered service; Huai'en kept them as Hebei governors to preserve his power. The weary court accepted to keep peace.
123
回紇登裡可汗歸國，其部眾所過抄掠，廩給小不如意，輒殺人，無所忌憚。 陳鄭、澤潞節度使李抱玉欲遣官屬置頓，人人辭憚，趙城尉馬燧獨請行。 比回紇將至，燧先遣人賂其渠帥，約毋暴掠，帥遣之旗曰：「有犯令者，君處戮之。」 燧取死囚為左右，小有違令，立斬之。 回紇相顧失色，涉其境者皆拱手遵約束。 抱玉奇之，燧因說抱玉曰：「燧與回紇言，頗得其情。 僕固懷恩恃功驕蹇，其子瑒好勇而輕，今內樹四帥，外交回紇，必有窺河東、澤潞之志，宜深備之。」 抱玉然之。 初，長安人梁崇義以羽林射生從來瑱鎮襄陽，累遷右兵馬使。 崇義有勇力，能卷鐵舒鉤，沉毅寡言，得眾心。 瑱之入朝也，命諸將分戍諸州； 瑱死，戍者皆奔歸襄陽。 行軍司馬龐充將兵二千赴河南，至汝州，聞瑱死，引兵還襲襄州； 左兵馬使李昭拒之，充奔房州。 崇義自鄧州引戍兵歸，與昭及副使薛南陽相讓為長，久之不決，眾皆曰：「兵非梁卿主之不可。」 遂推崇義為帥。 崇義尋昭及南陽，以其狀聞，上不能討。 三月，甲辰，以崇義為襄州刺史、山南東道節度留後。 崇義奏改葬瑱，為之立祠，不居瑱聽事及正堂。
Returning home, Tengri's Uyghurs looted and killed over minor supply disputes. Li Baoyu needed an official to manage Uyghur passage; only Ma Sui volunteered. Ma Sui bribed Uyghur chiefs and received authority to punish violators. He executed prisoners on the spot for minor infractions to terrify the Uyghurs. The Uyghurs behaved; all who passed obeyed. Ma Sui warned Baoyu that he understood the Uyghurs and Huai'en's ambitions. Huai'en, arrogant with four Hebei clients and Uyghur allies, likely coveted Hedong and Ze-Lu. Li Baoyu agreed. Liang Chongyi had followed Lai Tian to Xiangyang as a guardsman. Strong and taciturn, he won the troops' loyalty. Lai Tian had dispersed his generals to garrison posts; when he died they rushed back to Xiangyang. Pang Chong turned back from Ruzhou to seize Xiangzhou; Li Zhao repulsed him and Pang fled to Fangzhou. Liang Chongyi returned from Dengzhou; after a leadership dispute the troops chose him. They made Liang Chongyi commander. He eliminated rivals and reported to court, which could not punish him. On jiachen day in the third month he was confirmed as Shannan East regent. "He reburied Lai Tian with honors but did not occupy his hall.
124
辛酉，葬至道大聖大明孝皇帝於泰陵； 廟號玄宗。 庚午，葬文明武德大聖大宣孝皇帝於喬陵； 廟號肅宗。
On xinyou the retired Emperor Xuanzong was buried at Tailing; temple name Xuanzong. On gengwu Emperor Suzong was buried at Qiaoling; temple name Suzong.
125
夏，四月，庚辰，李光弼奏擒袁晃，浙東皆平。 時晁聚眾近二十萬，轉攻州縣，光弼使部將張伯儀將兵討平之。 伯儀，魏州人也。
In the fourth month Guangbi reported capturing Yuan Huang and pacifying Zhedong. Yuan Chao had mustered two hundred thousand; Zhang Boyi crushed him. Zhang Boyi came from Weizhou.
126
郭子儀數上言：「吐蕃、党項不可忽，宜早為之備。」 辛丑，遣兼御史大夫李之芳等使於吐蕃，為虜所留，二年乃得歸。
Guo Ziyi repeatedly warned against neglecting Tibet and the Tangut. "On xinchou envoys to Tibet were detained for two years."
127
群臣三上表請立太子； 五月，癸卯，詔許俟秋成議之。
Ministers thrice asked to name a crown prince; on guimao day in the fifth month the emperor deferred until after harvest.
128
丁卯，制分河北諸州：以幽、莫、媯、檀、平、薊為幽州管； 恆、定、趙、深、易為成德軍管； 相、貝、邢、洺為相州管； 魏、博、德為魏州管； 滄、棣、冀、瀛為青淄管； 懷、衛、河陽為澤潞管。
On dingmao day Hebei was divided into circuits: Chengde over five prefectures; Xiang circuit over four prefectures; Wei circuit over three; Qing-Zi over four; Ze-Lu over Huai, Wei, and Heyang.
129
六月，癸酉，禮部侍郎華陰楊綰上疏，以為：「古之選士必取行實，近世專尚文辭。 自隋煬帝始置進士科，猶試策而已； 至高宗時，考功員外郎劉思立始奏進士加雜文，明經加帖，從此積弊，轉而成俗。 朝之公卿以此待士，家之長老以此訓子，其明經則誦貼括以求僥倖。 又，舉人皆令投牒自應，如此，欲其返淳樸，崇廉讓，何可得也！ 請令縣令察孝廉，取行著鄉閭、學知經術薦之於州。 剌史考試，升之於省。 任各佔一經，朝廷擇儒學之士，問經義二十條，對策三道，上第即注官，中第得出身，下第罷歸。 又，道舉亦非理國所資，望與明經、進士並停。」 上命諸司通議，給事中李棲筠、左丞賈至、京兆尹嚴武並與綰同。 至議以為：「今試學者以帖字為精通，考文者以聲病為是非，風流頹弊，誠當厘改。 然自東晉以來，人多僑寓，士居鄉土，百無一二； 請兼廣學校，保桑梓者鄉里舉焉，在流寓者癢序推焉。」 敕禮部具條目以聞。 綰又請置五經秀才科。
In the sixth month Yang Guan argued that officials should be chosen for conduct, not literary flair alone. Since Sui Yangdi's jinshi degree tested policy essays; Liu Sili added literary essays, beginning abuses that became custom. Officials and families alike drilled paste summaries for mingjing exams to game the system. Self-nomination exams could not restore simplicity or humility, he argued. He proposed county magistrates recommend men of local virtue and classical learning. Prefects would examine them and send the best to the capital. Candidates would be tested on one classic; top passes received office, middling entry rank, failures went home. He also urged abolishing Daoist recruitment along with mingjing and jinshi. The emperor ordered debate; Li Qiyun, Jia Zhi, and Yan Wu sided with Yang Guan. Jia Zhi agreed the exam culture was corrupt and needed reform. But since Eastern Jin few scholars still lived in their home districts; he proposed expanding schools to recommend natives locally and sojourners through academies. The Ministry of Rites was ordered to draft rules. "Yang Guan also proposed a Five Classics xiucai examination.
130
庚寅，以魏博都防禦使田承嗣為節度使。 承嗣舉管內戶口，壯者皆籍為兵，惟使老弱耕稼，數年間有眾十萬； 又選其驍健者萬人自衛，謂之牙兵。 同華節度使李懷讓為程元振所譖，恐懼，自殺。
On gengyin day Tian Chengsi became full military governor of Wei-Bo. Chengsi registered every able man as a soldier, leaving only the old and weak to farm, building an army of one hundred thousand; and chose ten thousand elite guards called yamen troops. Tong-Hua governor Li Huairang, slandered by Cheng Yuanzhen, committed suicide.