1
資治通鑑第235卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 235
2
【唐紀五十一】起閼逢閹茂六月，盡上章執徐，凡六年有奇。
[Tang Records 51], from the sixth month of the jianmao year in the yanmao cycle through shangzhang zhixu—altogether a little more than six years.
3
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十年（ 甲戌，公元七九四年）
Emperor Dezong, tenth year of Zhenyuan ( jiaxu, AD 794)
4
六月，壬寅朔，昭義節度使李抱真薨。 其子殿中侍御史緘與抱真從甥元仲經謀，秘不發喪，詐為抱真表，求以職事授緘。 又詐為其父書，遣裨將陳榮詣王武俊假貨財。 武俊怒曰：「吾與乃公厚善，欲同獎王室耳，豈與汝同惡邪！ 聞乃公已亡，乃敢不俟朝命而自立，又敢告我，況有求也！」 使榮歸，寄聲質責緘。 昭義步軍都虞候王延貴，汝州梁人也，素以義勇聞。 上知抱真已薨，遣中使第五守進往觀變，且以軍事委王延貴。 守進至上黨，緘稱抱真有疾不能見。 三日，緘乃嚴兵詣守進，守進謂之曰：「朝廷已知相公捐館，令王延貴權知軍事。 侍御宜發喪行服。」 緘愕然，出，謂諸將曰：「朝廷不許緘掌事，諸君意如何？」 莫對。 緘懼，乃歸發喪，以使印及管鑰授監軍。 守進召延貴，宣口詔令視事，趣緘赴東都。 元仲經出走，延貴悉歸罪於仲經，捕斬之。 詔以延貴權知昭義軍事。
In the sixth month, on the first day (renyin) of the month, Li Baozhen, military commissioner of Zhaoyi, died. His son Li Jian, a palace attendant in the Secretariat, conspired with Baozhen's nephew by marriage Yuan Zhongjing to conceal the death and withhold mourning. They forged a memorial in Baozhen's name asking that Jian be entrusted with his father's post. They also forged a letter in his father's name and sent the adjutant Chen Rong to Wang Wujun to borrow money and supplies. Wujun said angrily, "Your father and I were close, and we meant to support the throne together—why would I join you in villainy! I hear your father is dead, yet you dare seize power without the court's order—and you dare come to me with this, much less ask for a loan!" He sent Rong back with a message of rebuke for Jian. Wang Yangui, chief controller of the Zhaoyi infantry, was from Liang in Ruzhou and had long been known for courage and integrity. Learning that Baozhen had died, the emperor sent the palace envoy Diwu Shoujin to assess the situation and entrusted military command to Wang Yangui. When Shoujin reached Shangdang, Jian claimed Baozhen was too ill to see him. Three days later Jian came to Shoujin under arms. Shoujin told him, "The court already knows your father has died and has ordered Wang Yangui to take temporary command of the army. You, Attendant, should announce the mourning and observe the funeral rites." Jian was stunned. He went out and asked the generals, "The court will not let me take command—what do you think?" No one replied. Frightened, Jian went back to announce the mourning and surrendered the commissioner’s seal and the keys of office to the army supervisor. Shoujin summoned Yangui, proclaimed the oral edict appointing him to office, and ordered Jian to go to the eastern capital. Yuan Zhongjing fled. Yangui blamed everything on Zhongjing, captured him, and executed him. An edict appointed Yangui acting commander of Zhaoyi military affairs.
5
雲南王異牟尋遣其弟湊羅楝獻地圖、土貢及吐蕃所給金印，請復號南詔。 癸丑，以祠部郎中袁滋為冊南詔使，賜銀窠金印，文曰：「貞元冊南詔印」。 滋至其國，異牟尋北面跪受冊印，稽首再拜，因與使者宴，出玄宗所賜銀平脫馬頭盤二以示滋。 又指老笛工、歌女曰：「皇帝所賜《龜茲樂》，唯二人在耳。」 滋曰：「南詔當深思祖考，子子孫孫盡忠於唐。」 異牟尋拜曰：「敢不謹承使者之命！」
King Yimouxun of Yunnan sent his younger brother Cuoluoleng with a map, local tribute, and the gold seal the Tibetans had given him, asking to resume the name Nanzhao. On guichou, Yuan Zi of the Ministry of Rites was appointed envoy to invest Nanzhao and was given a silver-inlaid gold seal reading "Seal for Investing Nanzhao in the Zhenyuan Era." When Zi arrived, Yimouxun faced north, knelt, and received the investiture seal, then kowtowed twice. At the banquet with the envoy he brought out two silver repoussé horse-head platters that Emperor Xuanzong had once given him, to show Zi. He also pointed to an old flute player and a songstress and said, "Of the Kuchean music the emperor gave us, only these two are left." Zi said, "Nanzhao should honor its forebears and remain loyal to Tang for generations to come." Yimouxun bowed and said, "I shall respectfully obey the envoy's charge!"
6
賜義武節度使張升雲名茂昭。
Zhang Shengyun, military commissioner of Yiwu, was granted the name Maozhao.
7
御史中丞穆贊按度支吏贓罪，裴延齡欲出之，贊不從。 延齡譖之，貶饒州別駕，朝士畏延齡側目。 贊，寧之子也。
Vice Censor-in-Chief Mu Zan investigated embezzlement by a revenue official. Pei Yanling wanted the man released; Zan refused. Yanling slandered him, and he was demoted to vice prefect of Raozhou. Officials at court feared Yanling and dared not meet his eye. Zan was the son of Mu Ning.
8
韋皋奏破吐蕃於峨和城。
Wei Gao reported a victory over the Tibetans at Ehe Fortress.
9
秋，七月，壬申朔，以王延貴為昭義留後，賜名虔休。
In autumn, the seventh month, on the first day (renshen), Wang Yangui was appointed acting commissioner of Zhaoyi and given the name Qianxiu.
10
昭義行軍司馬、攝洺州刺史元誼聞虔休為留後，意不平，表請在以磁、邢、洺別為一鎮。 昭義精兵多在山東，誼厚賚以悅之。 上屢遣中使諭之，不從。 臨洺守將夏侯仲宣以城歸虔休，虔休遣磁州刺史馬正卿督裨將石定蕃等將兵五千擊洺州。 定蕃帥其眾二千叛歸誼，正卿退還。 詔以誼為饒州刺史，誼不行。 虔休自將兵攻之，引洺水以灌城。
Yuan Yi, Zhaoyi's campaigning army marshal and acting prefect of Mingzhou, was displeased when Qianxiu became acting commissioner and memorialized asking that Ci, Xing, and Ming be formed into a separate command. Many of Zhaoyi's best troops were in Shandong; Yi lavished gifts on them to win them over. The emperor repeatedly sent palace envoys to reason with him, but he refused to comply. Xiahou Zhongxuan, the defender of Linming, surrendered the city to Qianxiu. Qianxiu sent Ma Zhengqing, prefect of Cizhou, with the adjutant Shi Dingfan and others at the head of five thousand men to attack Mingzhou. Dingfan took two thousand men and defected to Yi; Zhengqing retreated. An edict appointed Yi prefect of Raozhou, but he refused to leave. Qianxiu led the attack in person and diverted the Ming River to flood the city.
11
黃少卿陷欽、橫、潯、貴等州，攻孫公器於邕州。
Huang Shaoqing seized Qin, Heng, Xun, Gui, and other prefectures and attacked Sun Gongqi at Yongzhou.
12
九月，王虔休破元誼兵，進拔雞澤。
In the ninth month Wang Qianxiu defeated Yuan Yi's forces and took Jize.
13
裴延齡奏管官吏太多，自今缺員請且勿補，收其俸以實府庫。 上欲修神龍寺，須五十尺松，不可得。 延齡曰：「臣近見同州一谷，木數千株，皆可八十尺。」 上曰：「開元、天寶間求美材於近畿猶不可得，今安得有之？」 對曰：「天生珍材，固待聖君乃出，開元、天寶何從得之！」 延齡奏：「左藏庫司多有失落，近因檢閱使置簿書，乃於糞土之中得銀十三萬兩，其匹段雜貨百萬有餘。 此皆已棄之物，即是羨餘，悉應移入雜庫以供別敕支用。」 太府少卿韋少華不伏，抗表稱：「此皆每月申奏見在之物，請加推驗。」 執政請令三司詳覆。 上不許，亦不罪少華。 延齡每奏對，恣為詭譎，皆眾所不敢言，亦未嘗聞者，延齡處之不疑。 上亦頗知其誕妄，但以其好詆毀人，冀聞外事，故親厚之。 群臣畏延齡有寵，莫敢言，惟鹽鐵轉運使張滂、京兆尹李充、司農卿李銛以職事相關，時證其妄，而陸贄獨以身當之，日陳其不可用。 十一月，壬申，贄上書極陳延齡奸詐，數其罪惡，其略曰：「延齡以聚斂為長策，以詭妄為嘉謀，以掊克斂怨為匪躬，以靖譖服讒為盡節，總典籍之所惡以為智術，冒聖哲之所戒以為行能，可謂堯代之共工，魯邦之少卯也。 跡其奸蠹，日長月滋，陰秘者固未盡彰，敗露者尤難悉數。」 又曰：「陛下若意其負謗，則誠宜亟為辨明。 陛下若知其無良，又安可曲加容掩！」 又曰：「陛下姑欲保持，曾無詰問，延齡謂能蔽惑，不復懼思。 移東就西，便為課績，取此適彼，遂號羨餘，愚弄朝廷，有同兒戲。」 又曰：「矯詭之能，誣罔之辭，遇事輒行，應口便發，靡日不有，靡時不為，又難以備陳也。」 又曰：「昔趙高指鹿為馬，臣謂鹿之與馬，物類猶同，豈若延齡掩有為無，指無為有。」 又曰：「延齡凶妄，流布寰區，上自公卿近臣，下逮輿台賤品，喧喧談議，億萬為徒，能以上言，其人有幾！ 臣以卑鄙，任當台衡，情激於衷，雖欲罷而不能自默也。」 書奏，上不悅，待延齡益厚。
Pei Yanling memorialized that his department had too many officials. He asked that vacancies no longer be filled and that the salaries be kept to fill the treasury. The emperor wanted to repair Shenlong Temple and needed fifty-foot pines, but none could be found. Yanling said, "I recently saw a valley in Tongzhou with several thousand trees, every one eighty feet tall." The emperor said, "In the Kaiyuan and Tianbao eras you could not find fine timber even near the capital—how could such trees exist now?" He replied, "Rare timber appears only for a sage ruler—how could Kaiyuan and Tianbao have had it!" Yanling reported, "The Left Treasury had many losses. A recent audit turned up one hundred thirty thousand taels of silver in the refuse, plus more than a million in cloth and miscellaneous goods. These were all discarded goods and therefore surplus; they should all go into the miscellaneous treasury for special disbursements." Wei Shaohua, vice director of the Imperial Treasury, protested in a memorial: "These are items reported every month as on hand—please investigate further." The chief ministers asked the three offices to review the matter in detail. The emperor refused and did not punish Shaohua. Whenever Yanling spoke at audience he told brazen lies no one else would dare utter; he did so without a flicker of doubt. The emperor knew Yanling was a liar, but because he delighted in slandering others the emperor hoped to hear outside news through him and therefore kept him close. Ministers feared Yanling's favor and kept silent. Only Zhang Pang, Li Chong, and Li Qian, whose duties overlapped his, sometimes exposed his lies; Lu Zhi alone stood in the breach and argued daily that he must not be used. In the eleventh month, on renshen, Zhi submitted a memorial denouncing Yanling's treachery and listing his crimes. In part it read: "Yanling treats extortion as statecraft, deceit as good counsel, squeezing the people as loyalty, and silencing slander as devotion. He makes a virtue of everything the classics condemn and dares everything the sages forbid. He is a Gong Gong for our age and a Shao Mao for our court. His corruption grows daily; what remains hidden is not yet fully known, and what has been exposed is already beyond numbering." It also said, "If Your Majesty believes he has been slandered, you should clear his name at once. If Your Majesty knows he is worthless, how can you bend to protect him!" It also said, "Your Majesty has kept him on without inquiry. Yanling thinks he has blinded you and no longer fears consequences. Moving funds from one account to another counts as meeting targets; shifting assets from place to place he calls surplus. He toys with the court like a child at play." It also said, "His deceits and lies come at every turn—there is no day or hour without them—and they are too many to list." It also said, "Zhao Gao once called a deer a horse—but deer and horse are at least alike. Yanling hides what exists and invents what does not." It also said, "Yanling's villainy is known everywhere, from ministers down to common servants—millions talk of it. Yet how many dare speak to the throne! Though I am unworthy, I hold the highest office. My heart compels me—though I wish to hold my tongue, I cannot." When the memorial arrived the emperor was displeased and treated Yanling even more favorably.
14
十二月，王虔休乘冰合度壕，急攻洺州。 元誼出兵擊之，虔休不勝而返，日暮冰解，士卒死者太半。
In the twelfth month Wang Qianxiu crossed the frozen moats and launched a fierce assault on Mingzhou. Yuan Yi counterattacked. Qianxiu was beaten back, and at dusk the ice gave way—more than half his men perished.
15
中書侍郎、同平章事陸贄以上知待之厚，事有不可，常力爭之。 所親或規其太銳，贄曰：「吾上不負天子，下不負所學，他無所恤。」 裴延齡日短贄於上。 趙憬之入相也，贄實引之，既而有憾於贄，密以贄所譏彈延齡事告延齡，故延齡益得以為計，上由是信延齡而不直贄。 贄與憬約至上前極論延齡奸邪，上怒形於色，憬默而無言。 壬戌，贄罷為太子賓客。
Lu Zhi, vice director of the Secretariat and fellow grand councillor, knew the emperor favored him; whenever he saw something wrong he argued fiercely. Friends sometimes warned him he was too blunt. Zhi said, "I owe the emperor my loyalty above and my principles below—nothing else concerns me." Pei Yanling daily slandered Zhi to the emperor. Zhao Jing had entered the chancellorship on Zhi's recommendation, but later resented him and secretly told Yanling what Zhi had said against him. Yanling used this to his advantage, and the emperor came to trust Yanling and doubt Zhi. Zhi and Jing had agreed to argue Yanling's guilt before the emperor. The emperor's anger showed on his face; Jing said nothing. On renxu, Zhi was dismissed and made tutor to the heir apparent.
16
初，勃海文王欽茂卒，子宏臨早死，族弟元義立。 元義猜虐，國人殺之，立宏臨之子華嶼，是為成王，改元中興。 華嶼卒，復立欽茂少子嵩鄰，是為康王，改元正歷。
Earlier, Literary King Qinmao of Bohai died. His son Honglin had died young, and a younger clansman, Yuan Yi, took the throne. Yuan Yi was cruel and suspicious; the people killed him and set up Honglin's son Huayu as King Cheng, changing the era name to Zhongxing. When Huayu died, Qinmao's youngest son Songlin became King Kang and changed the era name to Zhengli.
17
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十一年（ 乙亥，公元七九五年）
Emperor Dezong, eleventh year of Zhenyuan ( yihai, AD 795)
18
春，二月，乙巳，冊拜嵩鄰為忽汗州都督、勃海王。
In spring, the second month, on yisi, Songlin was invested as military commissioner of Hohan Prefecture and king of Bohai.
19
陸贄既罷相，裴延齡因譖京兆尹李充、衛尉卿張滂、前司農卿李銛黨於贄。 會早，延齡奏言：「贄等失勢怨望，言於眾曰，『天下旱，百姓且流亡，度支多欠諸軍芻糧，軍中人馬無所食，其事奈何！』 以動搖眾心，其意非止欲中傷臣而已。」 後數日，上獵苑中，適有神策軍士訴云：「度支不給馬芻。」 上意延齡言為信，遽還宮。 夏，四月，壬戌，貶贄為忠州別駕，充為涪州長史，滂為汀州長史，銛為邵州長史。
After Lu Zhi left office, Pei Yanling accused the metropolitan governor Li Chong, Minister of the Guard Zhang Pang, and former Minister of Agriculture Li Qian of being Zhi's partisans. There was a drought. Yanling reported, "Zhi and his allies, bitter over their fall, are telling people, 'The land is dry, the people will flee, the revenue office owes the armies fodder and grain, and the troops have nothing to feed their horses—what will become of us! —to shake public confidence. Their aim is not merely to harm me." Days later, while hunting in the park, a Shence soldier complained that the revenue office was not supplying horse fodder." The emperor believed Yanling and hurried back to the palace. In summer, the fourth month, on renxu, Zhi was demoted to vice prefect of Zhongzhou, Chong to chief administrator of Fuzhou, Pang to Tingzhou, and Qian to Shaozhou.
20
初，陽城自處士征為諫議大夫，拜官不辭。 未至京師，人皆想望風采，曰：「城必諫諍，死職下。」 及至，諸諫官紛紛言事細碎，天子益厭苦之。 而城方與二弟及客日夜痛飲，人莫能窺其際，皆以為虛得名耳。 前進士河南韓愈作《爭臣論》以譏之，城亦不以屑意。 有欲造城而問者，城揣知其意，輒強與酒。 客或時先醉僕席上，城或時先醉臥客懷中，不能聽客語。 及陸贄等坐貶，上怒未解，中外惴恐，以為罪且不測，無敢救者。 城聞而起曰：「不可令天子信用奸臣，殺無罪人。」 即帥拾遺王仲舒、歸登、右補闕熊執易、崔邠等守延英門，上疏論延齡奸佞，贄等無罪。 上大怒，欲加城等罪。 太子為之營救，上意乃解，令宰相諭遣之。 於是金吾將軍張萬福聞諫官伏閣諫，趨往至延英門，大言賀曰：「朝廷有直臣，天下必太平矣！」 遂遍拜城與仲舒等，已而連呼「太平萬歲！ 太平萬歲！」 萬福，武人，年八十餘，自此名重天下。 登，崇敬之子也。 時朝夕相延齡，陽城曰：「脫以延齡為相，城當取白麻壞之，慟哭於庭。」 有李繁者，泌之子也，城盡疏延齡過惡，欲密論之，以繁故人子，使之繕寫，繁徑以告延齡。 延齡先詣上，一一自解。 疏入，上以為妄，不之省。
Earlier, Yang Cheng was summoned from private life to be supervising censor and accepted without demur. Before he reached the capital everyone expected great things of him and said, "Cheng will remonstrate unto death." When he arrived, the other remonstrating officials pestered the throne with petty complaints, and the emperor grew only more weary. Meanwhile Cheng drank day and night with his two brothers and guests. No one could fathom him; all thought his reputation hollow. Han Yu of Henan, a former presented scholar, wrote "On Remonstrating Ministers" to mock him; Cheng paid it no heed. When anyone came to question him, Cheng guessed their purpose and forced wine on them. Sometimes the guest passed out first on the mat; sometimes Cheng passed out in the guest's arms, too drunk to listen. When Lu Zhi and the others were demoted, the emperor's anger had not cooled. Court and country were afraid the punishment might go further, and no one dared intervene. Cheng heard and rose, saying, "We cannot let the emperor trust villains and kill innocent men." He led the remonstrance officials Wang Zhongshu, Gui Deng, Xiong Zhiyi, Cui Bin, and others to block the Yanying Gate and memorialized that Yanling was corrupt and that Zhi and his allies were innocent. The emperor was furious and meant to punish Cheng and the others. The heir apparent interceded; the emperor relented and ordered the chancellors to send them away with an explanation. Jinwu General Zhang Wanfu, hearing the censors were remonstrating at the gate, ran to the Yanying Gate and shouted in joy, "The court has upright ministers—the realm will be at peace!" He bowed to Cheng, Zhongshu, and the others in turn, then shouted again, "Long live peace! Long live peace!" Wanfu was a soldier, over eighty; from this his fame spread across the realm. Gui Deng was the son of Chongjing. Yanling was at court daily. Yang Cheng said, "If Yanling is made chancellor, I will tear up the appointment edict and wail in the courtyard. Li Fan, son of Li Bi, copied a memorial in which Cheng listed Yanling's crimes for secret presentation; Fan took it straight to Yanling. Yanling went to the emperor first and answered each charge himself. When the memorial arrived, the emperor dismissed it as fabrication and took no notice.
21
丙寅，幽州奏破奚王啜利等六萬餘眾。
On bingyin, Youzhou reported defeating the Xi king Zhuoli and more than sixty thousand of his followers.
22
回鶻奉誠可汗卒，無子，國人立其相骨咄祿為可汗。 骨咄祿本姓□夾跌氏，辯慧有勇略，自天親時典兵馬用事，大臣諸酋長皆畏服之。 既為可汗，冒姓藥葛羅氏，遣使來告喪。 自天親可汗以上子孫幼稚者，皆內之闕庭。
The Uyghur Fengcheng Khagan died childless; the people made his chancellor Kutlug khagan. Kutlug was originally of the Ashina clan. Clever and bold, he had commanded troops since Khagan Tianqin's day; ministers and chiefs alike feared him. As khagan he took the surname Yaghlakar and sent envoys to announce the death. Young descendants of khagans from Tianqin upward were all brought into the court.
23
五月，丁丑，以宣武留後李萬榮、昭義左司馬領留後王虔休皆為節度使。
On dingchou in the fifth month, Li Wanrong of Xuanwu and Wang Qianxiu of Zhaoyi were both appointed military commissioners.
24
甲申，河東節度使李自良薨。 戊子，監軍王定遠奏請以行軍司馬李說為留後。 說，神通之五世孫也。
On jiashen, Li Ziliang, military commissioner of Hedong, died. On wuzi, army supervisor Wang Dingyuan asked that campaigning army marshal Li Shuo be made acting commissioner. Li Shuo was a fifth-generation descendant of Li Shentong.
25
庚寅，遣秘書監張薦冊拜回鶻可汗骨咄祿為騰裡邏羽錄沒密施合胡祿毘伽懷信可汗。
On gengyin, Zhang Jian was sent to invest Kutlug as Tengri Bogu Ulug Moch Baghla Kül Bilge Khaiduk Khagan.
26
癸巳，以李說為河東留後，知府事。 說深德王定遠，請鑄監軍印，從之。 監軍有印自定遠始。
On guisi, Li Shuo was appointed acting commissioner of Hedong. Shuo was deeply obliged to Wang Dingyuan and asked that an army-supervisor seal be cast; the request was granted. Army supervisors having their own seals began with Dingyuan.
27
秋，七月，丙寅朔，陽城改國子司業，坐言裴延齡故也。
In autumn, the seventh month, on the first day (bingyin), Yang Cheng was made vice director of the Directorate of Education for having denounced Pei Yanling.
28
王定遠自恃有功於李說，專河東軍政，易置諸將。 說不能盡從，由是有隙。 定遠以私怒拉殺大將彭令茵，埋馬矢中，將士皆憤怒。 說奏其狀，定遠聞之，直詣說，拔刀刺之。 說走免。 定遠召諸將，以箱貯敕及告身二十餘通，示之曰：「有敕，令說詣京師，以行軍司馬李景略為留後，諸君皆遷官。」 眾皆拜。 大將馬良輔竊視箱中，皆定遠告身及所受敕也，乃麾眾曰：「敕告皆偽，不可受也。」 定遠走登乾陽樓，呼其麾下，莫應，逾城而墜，為枯木卉所傷而死。
Wang Dingyuan, trusting in his service to Li Shuo, dominated Hedong military affairs and replaced generals at will. Shuo could not always comply, and a breach opened between them. In a private rage Dingyuan killed the great general Peng Lingyin and buried him in horse dung; the troops were furious. Shuo reported the crime; Dingyuan went to him and drew a knife. Shuo fled and escaped. Dingyuan summoned the generals, produced a box of edicts and commissions, and said, "An edict sends Shuo to the capital and makes Li Jinglue acting commissioner; you are all promoted." All bowed. General Ma Liangfu peeked inside: they were Dingyuan's own commissions. He cried, "These orders are forged—do not obey them." Dingyuan fled to Qianyang Tower and called his men; none came. He leapt from the wall, struck dead wood, and died.
29
八月，辛亥，司徒兼侍中北平莊武王馬燧薨。
In the eighth month, on xinhai, Ma Sui, King Zhuangwu of Beiping, died.
30
閏月，戊辰，元誼以洺州詐降。 王虔休遣裨將將二千人入城，誼皆殺之。
In the intercalary month, on wuchen, Yuan Yi pretended to surrender Mingzhou. Wang Qianxiu sent two thousand men into the city; Yi killed them all.
31
九月，丁巳，加韋皋雲南安撫使。
In the ninth month, on dingsi, Wei Gao was made pacification commissioner of Yunnan.
32
橫海節度使程懷直，不恤士卒，獵於野，數日不歸。 懷直從父兄懷信為兵馬使，因眾心之怨，閉門拒之，懷直奔歸京師。 冬，十月，丁丑，以懷信為橫海留後。
Cheng Huaizhi, military commissioner of Heng-Hai, neglected his troops and hunted in the countryside for days on end. His cousin Cheng Huaixin, army horse commissioner, exploited the troops' anger, shut him out, and Huaizhi fled to the capital. In winter, the tenth month, on dingchou, Huaixin was made acting commissioner of Heng-Hai.
33
南詔攻吐蕃昆明城，取之。 又虜施、順二蠻王。
Nanzhao attacked the Tibetan city of Kunming and captured it. They also captured the Shi and Shun tribal kings.
34
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十二年（ 丙子，公元七九六年）
Emperor Dezong, twelfth year of Zhenyuan ( bingzi, AD 796)
35
春，正月，庚子，元誼、石定蕃等帥洺州兵五千人及其家人萬餘口奔魏州。 上釋不問，命田緒安撫之。
In spring, the first month, on gengzi, Yuan Yi, Shi Dingfan, and others led five thousand Mingzhou troops and more than ten thousand dependents to Wei Prefecture. The emperor pardoned them without punishment and ordered Tian Xu to reassure them.
36
乙丑，以渾瑊、王武俊並兼中書令。 己巳，加嚴震、田緒、劉濟、韋皋並同平章事。 天下節度、觀察使，悉加檢校官以悅其意。
On yichou, Hun Jian and Wang Wujun were both made concurrent grandees of the palace secretariat. On jisi, Yan Zhen, Tian Xu, Liu Ji, and Wei Gao were all made fellow grand councillors. Military and observation commissioners empire-wide were given acting ministerial titles to gratify them.
37
三月，甲午，韋皋奏降西南蠻高萬唐等二萬餘口。
In the third month, on jiawu, Wei Gao reported more than twenty thousand southwestern tribesmen, including Gao Wantang, had submitted.
38
乙巳，以閒廄、宮苑使李齊運為禮部尚書，戶部侍郎裴延齡為戶部尚書，使職如故。 齊運無才能學術，專以柔佞得幸於上，每宰相對罷，則齊運次進決其議。 或病臥家，上欲有所除授，往往遣中使就問之。
On yisi, Li Qiyun was made minister of rites and Pei Yanling minister of revenue, retaining their special duties. Qiyun had no talent; he won favor by flattery alone. After each council session he entered and overruled the ministers' decisions. Even when ill at home, the emperor sent palace envoys to consult him on appointments.
39
丙辰，韶王暹薨。
On bingchen, Prince Shao of Zhao died.
40
魏博節度使田緒尚嘉誠公主，有庶子三人，季安最幼，公主子之，以為副大使。 夏，四月，庚午，緒暴薨。 左右匿之，使季安領軍事，年十五。 乙亥，發喪，推季安為留後。
Tian Xu of Weibo had married Princess Jiacheng; of three sons by a concubine, the youngest Ji'an was adopted by the princess and made deputy commissioner. In summer, the fourth month, on gengwu, Xu died suddenly. His staff concealed the death and had fifteen-year-old Ji'an take command. On yihai mourning was announced and Ji'an was made acting commissioner.
41
庚辰，上生日，故事，命沙門、道士講論於麟德殿，至是，始命以儒士參之。 四門博士韋渠牟嘲談辯給，上悅之，旬月，遷右補闕，始有寵。
On gengchen, the emperor's birthday. By custom monks lectured in Qinde Hall; now Confucian scholars joined them for the first time. Wei Qumou of the Four Gates Academy was quick with wit; within ten days he was promoted to right supplementer and won favor.
42
五月，丙申，邠寧節度使張獻甫暴薨，監軍楊明議請都虞候楊朝晟權知留後。 甲辰，以朝晟為邠寧節度使。
On bingshen in the fifth month, Zhang Xianfu of Binning died suddenly; army supervisor Yang Mingyi asked that Yang Chaocheng act as commissioner. On jiachen, Chaocheng was made military commissioner of Binning.
43
六月，乙丑，以監句當左神策竇文場、監句當右神策霍仙鳴皆為護軍中尉，監左神威軍使張尚進、監右神威軍使焦希望皆為中護軍。 初，上置六統軍，視六尚書，以處節度使罷鎮者，相承用麻紙寫制。 至是，文場諷宰相比統軍降麻。 翰林學士鄭絪奏言：「故事惟封王、命相用白麻，今以命中尉，不識陛下特以寵文場邪，遂為著令也？」 上乃謂文場曰：「武德、貞觀時，中人不過員外將軍同正耳，衣緋者無幾。 自輔國以來，墮壞制度。 朕今用爾，不謂無私。 若復以麻制宣告天下，必謂爾脅我為之矣。」 文場叩頭謝。 遂焚其麻，命並統軍自今皆中書降敕。 明日，上謂絪曰：「宰相不能違拒中人，朕得卿言悟耳。」 是時竇、霍勢傾中外，籓鎮將帥多出神策軍、台省清要亦有出其門者矣。
On yichou in the sixth month, Dou Wenchang and Huo Xianming were made chief protectors of the army; Zhang Shangjin and Jiao Xiwang were made secondary protectors. The emperor had created six army commands, equal to the six ministries, for retired commissioners; appointments were written on hemp paper. Wenchang pressed the chancellors to use white hemp for army commanders too. Zheng Qun of the Hanlin Academy wrote: "Only enfeoffing princes and appointing chancellors use white hemp. Are you favoring Wenchang alone, or making this permanent?" The emperor told Wenchang, "Under Wude and Zhenguan, eunuchs were only acting outside generals; few wore red. Since Li Fuguo the system has rotted. I use you now—but not without reason. If I announce this with white hemp, the realm will say you forced my hand." Wenchang kowtowed in thanks. The hemp was burned; henceforth army commanders would receive Secretariat edicts. Next day the emperor told Qun, "Chancellors cannot refuse eunuchs—you opened my eyes." Dou and Huo now dominated court and country; many generals and central posts came from their faction.
44
宣武節度使李萬榮病風，昏不知事，霍仙鳴薦宣武押牙劉沐可委軍政。 辛巳，以沐為行軍司馬。
Li Wanrong of Xuanwu was paralyzed; Huo Xianming recommended adjutant Liu Mu to run the command. On xinsi, Mu was made campaigning army marshal.
45
宣歙觀察使劉贊卒。 初，上以奉天窘乏，故還宮以來，尤專意聚斂。 籓鎮多以進奉市恩，皆云「稅外方圓」，亦云「用度羨餘」，其實或割留常賦，或增斂百姓，或減刻吏祿，或販鬻蔬果，往往私自入，所進才什一二。 李兼在江西有月進，韋皋在西川有日進。 其後常州刺史濟源裴肅以進奉遷浙東觀察使，刺史進奉自肅始。 及劉贊卒，判官嚴綬掌留務，竭府庫以進奉，征為刑部員外郎，幕僚進奉自綬始。 綬，蜀人也。
Liu Zan, observation commissioner of Xuan-She, died. Since the hardship at Fengtian, the emperor had been obsessed with gathering wealth. Commissioners bought favor with "tribute": "surplus beyond tax" or "budget surplus." In truth they withheld levies, taxed the people harder, cut salaries, or sold goods privately—only a tenth reached court. Li Jian in Jiangxi sent monthly tribute; Wei Gao in Xichuan sent daily tribute. Later Pei Su of Changzhou rose to Zhedong observer through tribute—the prefects' tribute race began with him. When Liu Zan died, judge Yan Shou drained the treasury for tribute and was made vice director of justice—staff tribute began with Shou. Shou was from Shu.
46
李萬榮疾病，其子乃為兵馬使。 甲申，乃集諸將責李湛、伊婁說、張丕以不憂軍事，斥之外縣。 上遣中使第五守進至汴州，宣慰始畢，軍士十餘人呼曰：「兵馬使勤勞無賞，劉沐何人，為行軍司馬！」 沐懼，陽中風，舁出。 軍士又呼曰：「倉官劉叔何給納有奸。」 殺而食之。 又欲斫守進，乃止之。 乃又殺伊婁說、張丕。 都虞候匡城鄧惟恭與萬榮鄉里相善，萬榮常委謀以腹心，乃亦倚之。 至是，惟恭與監軍俱文珍，執乃，送京師。 秋，七月，乙未，以東都留守董晉同平章事，兼宣武節度使，以萬榮為太子少保，貶乃虔州司馬。 丙申，萬榮薨。
Li Wanrong fell ill; his son became army horse commissioner. On jiashen he rebuked Li Zhan, Yi Loushuo, and Zhang Pi for neglecting the army and banished them to outer counties. Palace envoy Diwu Shoujin reached Bianzhou; as the address ended, soldiers shouted, "The horse commissioner earned no reward—who is Liu Mu to be marshal!" Mu feigned a stroke and was carried out. They shouted, "Granary officer Liu Shuhe cheated on rations." They killed and ate him. They nearly killed Shoujin but were stopped. They then killed Yi Loushuo and Zhang Pi. Chief controller Deng Weigong of Kuangcheng, Wanrong's townsman and confidant, was also relied upon. Weigong and army supervisor Ju Wenzhen seized Li Nai and sent him to the capital. On yiwei in the seventh month, Dong Jin was made fellow councillor and Xuanwu commissioner; Wanrong became junior tutor to the heir apparent and Nai was demoted. On bingshen, Wanrong died.
47
鄧惟恭既執李乃，遂權軍事，自謂當代萬榮，不遣人迎董晉。 晉既受詔，即也傔從十餘人赴鎮，不用兵衛。 至鄭州，迎者不至，鄭州人為晉懼，或勸晉且留觀變。 有自汴州出者，言於晉曰：「不可入。」 晉不對，遂行。 惟恭以晉來之速，不及謀。 晉去城十餘里，惟恭乃帥諸將出迎。 晉命惟恭勿下馬，氣色甚和，惟恭差自安。 既入，仍委惟恭以軍政。
Weigong held power and expected to succeed Wanrong; he did not send anyone to welcome Dong Jin. Jin set out at once with only a dozen attendants and no escort. At Zhengzhou no one met him; locals feared for his safety and urged him to wait. A man from Bianzhou warned, "Do not enter." Jin said nothing and went on. Weigong, taken by surprise at Jin's speed, had no time to plot. When Jin was ten li from the city, Weigong led the generals out to welcome him. Jin told Weigong to remain mounted; his manner was mild, and Weigong felt somewhat reassured. Once inside he still left military affairs to Weigong.
48
初，劉玄佐增汴州兵至十萬，遇之厚，李萬榮、鄧惟恭每回厚焉。 士卒驕，不能御，乃置腹心之士，幕於公庭廡下，挾弓執劍以備之，時勞賜酒肉。 晉至之明日，悉罷之。
Liu Xuanzuo had raised Bianzhou's army to one hundred thousand and treated the men well; Wanrong and Weigong had done the same. The troops were unruly; trusted men camped under the hall eaves with bows and swords, rewarded with wine and meat. The day after Jin arrived he dismissed them all.
49
戊威，韓王迥薨。
On wuchen, Prince Han of Han died.
50
壬子，詔以宣武將士鄧惟恭等有執送李乃功，各遷官賜錢。 其為乃所脅，邀逼制使者，皆勿問。
On renzi, an edict rewarded Xuanwu troops including Weigong for capturing Li Nai with promotions and cash. Those coerced by Nai or who had hindered the envoy were not punished.
51
八月，乙未朔，日有食之。
In the eighth month, on the first day (yimao), there was a solar eclipse.
52
己巳，以田季安為魏博節度使。
On jisi, Tian Ji'an was made military commissioner of Weibo.
53
丙子，以汝州刺史陸長源為宣武行軍司馬。 朝議以董晉柔仁多可，恐不能集事，故以長源佐之。 長源性剛刻，多更張舊事。 晉初皆許之，案成則命且罷，由是軍中得安。
On bingzi, Lu Changyuan, prefect of Ruzhou, was made Xuanwu campaigning army marshal. The court thought Dong Jin too mild to manage the command and sent Changyuan to assist him. Changyuan was harsh and overturned many old customs. Jin agreed at first, then suspended each plan once drafted—keeping the army calm.
54
丙戌，門下侍郎、同平章事趙憬薨。
On bingxu, Zhao Jing, vice director of the Secretariat and fellow grand councillor, died.
55
初，上不欲生代節度使，常自擇行軍司馬以為儲帥。 李景略為河東行軍司馬，李說忌之。 回鶻梅錄入貢，過太原，說與之宴，梅錄爭坐次，說不能遏。 景略叱之，梅錄識其聲，趨前拜之曰：「非豐州李端公邪！」 又拜，遂就下坐。 座中皆屬目於景略。 說益不平，乃厚賂中尉竇文場，使去之。 會有傳回鶻將入寇者，上憂之，以豐州當虜沖，擇可守者。 文場因薦景略。 九月，甲午，以景略為豐州都防禦使。 窮邊氣寒，土瘠民貧，景略以勤儉帥眾，二歲之後，儲備完實，雄於北邊。
The emperor would not let commands pass father to son and usually picked the campaigning marshal as heir apparent. Li Jinglue was Hedong's campaigning marshal; Li Shuo resented him. A Uyghur Meilu came to court via Taiyuan. At Shuo's banquet Meilu quarreled over precedence and Shuo could not stop him. Jinglue rebuked him. Meilu recognized his voice, bowed, and said, "Are you not Director Li of Fengzhou!" He bowed again and took the lower seat. All eyes turned to Jinglue. Shuo, bitter, bribed Dou Wenchang to remove him. Rumors spread that the Uyghurs would invade; Fengzhou lay on the frontier and the emperor sought a defender. Wenchang recommended Jinglue. In the ninth month, on jiawu, Jinglue was made defense commissioner of Fengzhou. The frontier was cold and poor; Jinglue led by thrift, and within two years his stores were full and he dominated the north.
56
盧邁得風疾，庚子，賈耽私忌，宰相絕班，上遣中使召主書承旨。
Lu Mai was ill. On gengzi, Jia Dan's taboo broke the chancellors' formation; the emperor summoned the drafting clerk.
57
丙午，戶部書尚、判度支裴延齡卒，中外相賀，上獨悼惜之。 壬子，吐蕃寇慶州。
On bingwu, Pei Yanling died. Court and country rejoiced; only the emperor grieved. On renzi, Tibetans raided Qing Prefecture.
58
冬，十月，甲戌，以諫議大夫崔損、給事中趙宗儒並同平章事。 損，玄□之弟孫也，嘗為裴延齡所薦，故用之。
In winter, the tenth month, on jiaxu, Cui Sun and Zhao Zongru were made fellow grand councillors. Sun was a descendant of Cui Xuanwei and had been Yanling's protégé—hence his appointment.
59
十一月，乙未，以右補闕韋渠牟為左諫議大夫。 上自陸贄貶官，尤不任宰相，自御史、刺呼、縣令以上皆自選用，中書行文書而已。 然深居禁中，所取信者裴延齡、李齊運、戶部郎中王紹、司農卿李實、翰林學士韋執誼及渠牟，皆權傾宰相，趨附盈門。 紹謹密無損益，實狡險掊克； 執誼以文章與上唱和，年二十餘，自右拾遺召入翰林； 渠牟形神恌躁，尤為上所親狎，上每對執政，漏不過三刻，渠牟奏事率至六刻，語笑款狎往往聞外，所薦引鹹不次遷擢，率皆庸鄙之士。
In the eleventh month, on yimao, Wei Qumou was made left remonstrance officer. After Lu Zhi's fall the emperor stopped trusting chancellors. He picked officials himself from censors down to magistrates; the Secretariat only drafted paperwork. He trusted Yanling, Qiyun, Wang Shao, Li Shi, Wei Zhiyi, and Qumou—each as powerful as a chancellor, with crowds at their gates. Shao was cautious but useless; Shi was cunning and grasping; Zhiyi pleased the emperor with verse; in his twenties he entered the Hanlin; Qumou was flighty and the emperor's favorite; his audiences ran twice as long as the chancellors', and his nominees were vulgar men rushed into office.
60
宣武都虞侯鄧惟恭內不自安，潛結將士二百餘人謀作亂。 事覺，董晉悉捕斬其黨，械惟恭送京師。 己未，詔免死，汀州安置。
Weigong plotted rebellion with two hundred officers. Dong Jin executed the plotters and sent Weigong to the capital in chains. On jiwei, he was spared and exiled to Tingzhou.
61
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十三年（ 丁丑，公元七九七年）
Emperor Dezong, thirteenth year of Zhenyuan ( dingchou, AD 797)
62
春，正月，壬寅，吐蕃遣使請和親，上以吐蕃數負約，不許。
In spring, on renyin, Tibet asked for a marriage alliance; the emperor refused, citing broken treaties.
63
上以方渠、合道、木波皆吐蕃要路，欲城之，使問邠寧節度使楊朝晟：「須幾何兵？」 對曰：「邠寧兵足以城之，不煩他道。」 上復使問之曰：「曏城鹽州，用兵七萬，僅能集事。 今三城尤逼虜境，兵當倍之，事更相反，何也？」 對曰：「城鹽州之眾，虜皆知之。 今發本鎮兵，不旬日至塞下，出其不意而城之。 虜謂吾眾亦不減七萬，其眾未集，不敢輕來犯我。 不過三旬，吾城已畢，留兵戍之，虜雖至，無能為也。 城旁草盡，不能久留，虜退則運芻糧以實之，此萬全之策也。 若大集諸道兵，逾月始至，虜亦集眾而來，與我爭戰。 勝負未可知，何暇築城哉！」 上從之。 二月，朝晟分軍為三，各築一城。 軍吏曰：「方渠無井，不可屯軍。」 判官孟子周曰：「方渠承平之時，居人成市，無井何以聚人乎！」 命浚眢井，果得甘泉。 三月，三城成。 夏，四月，庚申，楊朝晟軍還至馬嶺，吐蕃始出兵追之，相拒數月而去。 朝晟遂城馬嶺而還，開地三百里，皆如其素。
The emperor wanted to build forts at Fangqu, Hedao, and Mubo and asked Yang Chaocheng how many troops he needed." He said, "Binning's troops suffice; no other circuit is needed." The emperor asked, "Building Yanzhou took seventy thousand men—why so few now? These forts face the frontier—shouldn't you need twice as many?" He said, "The Yanzhou army was known to the Tibetans. Send only Binning's men—they can reach the border in ten days and build before the enemy knows. Tibet will assume we still have seventy thousand men and dare not attack until they mass. In thirty days the forts will stand; garrisons can hold off any attack. Grass will be gone—they cannot linger. When they leave we stock the forts. That is the sure plan. Mass troops from many circuits and Tibet will meet us in battle. Who could build forts then!" The emperor agreed. In the second month Chaocheng split his force to build three forts. Officers said, "Fangqu has no wells—troops cannot camp there." Judge Meng Zizhou said, "In peace it was a market town—how did people live without wells!" They dug old wells and found sweet water. In the third month the three forts were finished. In summer, on gengshen, Tibet pursued Chaocheng to Maling; they faced off for months. Chaocheng fortified Maling and opened three hundred li of territory, as he had promised.
64
庚午，義成節度使李復薨。 庚辰，以陝虢觀察使姚南仲為義成節度使。 監軍薛盈珍方大會，聞之，言曰：「姚大夫書生，豈將才也！」 判官盧坦私謂人曰：「姚大夫外雖柔，中甚剛，監之侵之，必不受。 軍府之禍，自此始矣，吾恐為所留。」 遂自他道潛去。 南仲果以牒請之，不遇，得免。 既而盈珍與南仲有隙，幕府多以罪貶，有死者。
On gengwu, Li Fu, military commissioner of Yicheng, died. On gengchen, Yao Nanzhong was made military commissioner of Yicheng. Army supervisor Xue Yingzhen sneered, "Yao is a scholar—not general material!" Judge Lu Tan warned, "Yao is soft outside but hard within—provoke him and trouble follows. Disaster starts here; I may be held." He slipped away by another route. Nanzhong summoned him; he was gone. Yingzhen and Nanzhong clashed; staff were punished and some died.
65
吐蕃贊普乞立贊卒，子足之煎立。
Tibetan king Tridé Tsuktsen died; his son Footsie succeeded.
66
六月，壬午，韋皋奏吐蕃入寇，巂州刺史曹高仕破之於台登城下。
On renwu, Wei Gao reported a Tibetan raid; Cao Gaoshi defeated them at Taideng.
67
光祿少卿同正張茂宗，茂昭之弟也，許尚義章公主； 未成婚，茂宗母卒，遺表請終嘉禮，上許之。 秋，八月，癸酉，起復茂宗左衛將軍同正。 左拾遣義興蔣乂上疏諫，以為：「兵革之急，古有墨衰從事者，未聞附馬起復尚主也。」 上遣中使諭之，不止，乃特召對於延英，謂曰：「人間多借吉成婚者，卿何執此之堅？」 對曰：「婚姻、喪紀，人之大倫，吉凶不可瀆也。 委巷之家，不知禮教，其女孤貧無恃，或有借吉從人，未聞男子借吉娶婦者也。」 太常博士韋彤、裴堪復上疏諫。 上不悅，命趣下嫁之期，辛巳，成婚。
Zhang Maozong, Maozhao's brother, was betrothed to Princess Yizhang; before the wedding his mother died; her dying request to complete the rites was granted. In autumn, on guiyou, Maozong was recalled to office as acting left Guards general. Remembrancer Jiang Yi objected: "Soldiers may wear ink mourning in war, but no imperial son-in-law should leave mourning to marry." The emperor's envoy failed; summoned to Yanying, the emperor said, "Commoners often marry on lucky days—why are you so rigid?" Jiang replied, "Marriage and mourning are great rites—auspicious and inauspicious must not be mixed. " Poor girls may marry on borrowed lucky days—but never a man leaving mourning to wed. Wei Tong and Pei Kan of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices protested again. The emperor hastened the wedding; on xinsi they married.
68
九月，己丑，中書侍郎、同平章事盧邁以疾罷為太子賓客。
On jichou, Lu Mai was dismissed for illness and made tutor to the heir apparent.
69
冬，十月，淮西節度使吳少誠擅開刀溝入汝，上遣中使諭止之，不從。 命兵部郎中盧群往詰之，少誠曰：「開此水，大利於人。」 群曰：「君令臣行，雖利，人臣敢專乎！ 公承天子之令而不從，何以使下吏從公之令乎！」 少誠遽為之罷役。
In winter, Wu Shaoqing of Huai-Hsi opened the Daogou canal into Ru without permission and ignored the emperor's envoy. Lu Qun was sent to rebuke him. Shaoqing said, "This canal greatly benefits the people." Qun said, "The ruler commands—even if it helps, how dare a subject act alone! You disobey the Son of Heaven—how can you demand obedience from your men!" Shaoqing stopped the work at once.
70
十二月，徐州節度使張建封入朝。 先是，宮中市外間物，令官吏主之，隨給其直。 比歲以宦者為使，謂之宮市，抑買人物，稍不如本估。 其後不復行文書，置白望數百人於兩市及要鬧坊曲，閱人所賣物，但稱宮市，則斂手付與，真偽不復可辯，無敢問所從來及論價之高下者，率用直百錢物買人直數千物，多以紅紫染故衣、敗繒，尺寸裂而給之，仍索進奉門戶及腳價錢。 人將物詣市，至有空手而歸者，名為宮市，其實奪之。 商賈有良貨，皆深匿之。 每敕使出，雖沽漿、賣餅者皆撤業閉門。 嘗有農夫以驢負柴，宦者稱宮市取之，與絹數尺，又就索門戶，仍邀驢送柴至內。 農夫啼泣，以所得絹與之，不肯受，曰：「須得爾驢。」 農夫曰：「我有父母妻子，待此然後食。 今以柴與汝，不取直而歸，汝尚不肯，我有死而已。」 遂毆宦者。 街吏擒以聞，詔黜宦者，賜農夫絹十匹。 然宮市亦不為之改，諫官御史數奏疏諫，不聽。 建封入朝，具奏之，上頗嘉納，以問戶部侍郎判度支蘇弁，弁希宦者意，對曰：「京師游手萬家，無土著生業，仰宮市取給。」 上信之，故凡言宮市者皆不聽。
In the twelfth month, Zhang Jianfeng of Xuzhou came to court. Once the palace bought outside goods through officials at fair prices. Later eunuchs called "palace market" bought below fair value. Hundreds of "white watchers" seized goods as "palace market" without documents or fair price—paying pennies for dollars in dyed rags and demanding gate fees. Merchants often went home empty-handed—palace market was robbery. Good goods were hidden away. When palace agents appeared, even food sellers closed shop. A farmer's donkey load of firewood was seized for a few feet of silk, then they took the donkey to haul wood inside. The farmer wept and offered back the silk; they refused: "We want the donkey." The farmer said, "My family waits on this to eat. I give you the wood and you still refuse—only my death remains." He beat the eunuch. Street officers seized him and reported; the eunuch was demoted and the farmer given ten bolts of silk. Yet the palace market continued unchanged; censors protested repeatedly, but the emperor would not listen. Jianfeng reported the abuses; the emperor asked Su Bian, who curried favor with eunuchs and said tens of thousands of idlers depended on the palace market." The emperor believed him and ignored all further complaints about the palace market.
71
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十四年（ 戊寅，公元七九八年）
Emperor Dezong, fourteenth year of Zhenyuan ( wuyin, AD 798)
72
春，二月，乙亥，名申、光、蔡軍曰彰義。
In spring, the second month, on yihai, the Shen, Guang, and Cai armies were renamed Zhangyi.
73
夏，閏五月，庚申，以神策行營節度使韓全義為夏、綏、銀、宥節度使。 全義時屯長武城，詔帥其眾赴鎮。 士卒以夏州磧鹵，又盛夏，不樂徙居。 辛酉，軍亂，殺大將王棲巖等，全義逾城走。 都虞侯高崇文誅首亂者，眾然後定。 崇文，幽州人也。 丙子，以崇文為長武城都知兵馬使，不降敕，令中使口宣授之。
In the intercalary fifth month, on gengshen, Han Quanyi was made commissioner of Xia, Sui, Yin, and You. Quanyi was at Changwu Fort; he was ordered to take up his command. The troops hated Xiazhou's salty desert and the summer heat and refused to move. On xinyou the army mutinied, killed Wang Qiyan and others, and Quanyi fled over the wall. Gao Chongwen executed the ringleaders and restored order. Chongwen was from Youzhou. On bingzi, Chongwen was made Changwu commander by oral edict, without written appointment.
74
秋，七月，壬申，給事中、同平章事趙宗儒罷為右庶子，以工部侍郎鄭餘慶為中書侍郎、同平章事。
On renshen in the seventh month, Zhao Zongru was demoted and Zheng Yuqing made fellow grand councillor.
75
八月，初置左、右神策統軍。 時禁軍戍邊者，稟賜優厚，諸將多請遙隸神策軍，稱行營，皆統於中尉，其軍遂至十五萬人。
In the eighth month the left and right Shence army commanders were first established. Frontier troops sought Shence affiliation for better pay; the Shence army grew to one hundred fifty thousand.
76
京兆尹吳湊屢言宮市之弊，請委之府縣。 宦者言湊屢奏宮市，皆右金吾都知趙洽、田秀巖之謀也。 丙午，洽、秀巖坐流天德軍。
Metropolitan governor Wu Cou repeatedly denounced the palace market and asked that civil officials handle it. Eunuchs claimed Cou was acting for Zhao Qia and Tian Xiuyan of the Jinwu guard. On bingwu, Qia and Xiuyan were exiled to Tiande Army.
77
九月，丙申，以陝虢觀察使-{于}-頔為山南東道節度使。
On bingshen in the ninth month, Yu Di was made military commissioner of Shannan East Circuit.
78
丁卯，札王倕薨。
On dingmao, Prince Zha died.
79
彰義節度使吳少誠遣兵掠壽州霍山，殺鎮遏使謝詳，侵地二十餘里，置兵鎮守。
Wu Shaoqing raided Shouzhou, killed Xie Xiang, and seized territory.
80
太學生薛約師事司業陽城，坐言事，徙連州，城送之郊外。 上以城黨罪人，己巳，左遷城道州刺史。 城治民如治家，州之賦稅不登，觀察使數加誚讓，城自署其考曰：「撫字心勞，征科政拙，考下下。」 觀察使遣判官督其賦，至州，城先自囚於獄。 判官大驚，馳入，謁城於獄曰：「使君何罪！ 某奉命來侯安否耳。」 留一二日未去，城不復歸。 館門外有故門扇橫地，城晝夜坐臥其上，判官不自安，辭去。 其後又遣它判官往按之，它判官載妻子行中道逸去。
Student Xue Yue, Yang Cheng's pupil, was banished to Lianzhou; Cheng escorted him beyond the suburbs. On jisi the emperor demoted Cheng to prefect of Daozhou for befriending a punished man. Cheng governed like a family head. When taxes fell short the observer rebuked him; Cheng rated himself lowest for gentle rule but poor collection." The observer sent a tax collector; Cheng had already jailed himself. “The judge rushed to the jail asking what crime Cheng had committed. I was only sent to inquire after your health." He stayed days; Cheng would not leave the jail. Cheng sat on a door panel outside the jail until the judge fled. A later investigator fled midway with his family.
81
冬，十月，丁酉，通王諶薨。
In winter, on dingyou, Prince Tong died.
82
庚子，夏州節度使韓全義奏破吐蕃於鹽州西北。
On gengzi, Han Quanyi reported defeating Tibet northwest of Yanzhou.
83
明州鎮將栗金皇殺刺史盧雲，誘山越作亂，攻陷浙東州縣。
Li Jinhuang killed the Mingzhou prefect and led Yue tribes in revolt across Zhedong.
84
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十五年（ 己卯，公元七九九年）
Emperor Dezong, fifteenth year of Zhenyuan ( jimao, AD 799)
85
春，正月，甲寅，雅王逸薨。
In spring, on jiayin, Prince Ya died.
86
二月，丁丑，宣武節度使董晉薨。 乙酉，以其行軍司馬陸長源為節度使。 長源性刻急。 恃才傲物。 判官孟叔度，輕佻淫縱，好慢侮將士，軍中皆惡之。 董晉薨，長源知留後，揚言曰：「將士弛慢日久，當以法齊之耳！」 眾皆懼。 或勸之發財以勞軍，長源曰：「我豈效河北賊，以錢買健兒求節鉞邪！」 故事，主帥薨，給軍士布以制服，長源命給其直。 叔度高鹽直，下布直，人不過得鹽三二斤。 軍中怨怒，長源亦不為之備。 是日，軍士作亂，殺長源、叔度，臠食之，立盡。 監軍俱文珍以宋州刺史劉逸准久為宣武大將，得眾心，密書召之。 逸准引兵徑入汴州，亂眾乃定。
In the second month, on dingchou, Dong Jin of Xuanwu died. On yiyou, Lu Changyuan was made military commissioner. Changyuan was harsh and severe. He was talented and arrogant. Judge Meng Shudu was dissolute and insulted the officers, who hated him. As acting commissioner Changyuan announced he would discipline the long-lax troops by law." The troops were terrified. Advisers urged him to pay the troops; he refused to buy loyalty like Hebei warlords." By custom the army received mourning cloth; Changyuan paid cash instead. Shudu inflated salt prices and cut cloth payments to a few pounds of salt per man. The army seethed; Changyuan made no preparations. That day the troops mutinied, killed Changyuan and Shudu, and devoured their bodies. Ju Wenzhen secretly summoned Liu Yizhun, a popular Songzhou general. Yizhun entered Bianzhou and restored order.
87
以常州刺史李錡為浙西觀察使、諸道鹽鐵轉運使。 錡，國貞之子也。 閒廄、宮苑使李齊運受其賂數十萬，薦之於上，故用之。 錡刻剝以事進奉，上由是悅之。
Li Qi was made Zhexi observer and salt-and-iron transport commissioner. Qi was Guozhen's son. Li Qiyun took hundreds of thousands in bribes and recommended Qi to the emperor. Qi extorted for tribute and won the emperor's favor.
88
庚辰，浙東觀察使裴肅擒栗鍠於台州，送京師，斬之。
On gengchen, Pei Su captured Li Huang at Taizhou and executed him in the capital.
89
己丑，以劉逸准為宣武節度使，賜名全諒。 三月，甲寅，吳少誠遣兵襲唐州，殺監軍邵國朝、鎮遏使張嘉瑜，掠百姓千餘人而去。
On jichou, Liu Yizhun was made Xuanwu commissioner and named Quanliang. On jiayin, Shaoqing raided Tangzhou, killed officials, and abducted a thousand people.
90
戊午，昭義節度使王虔休薨。 戊辰，以河陽、懷州節度使李元淳為昭義節度使。
On wuwu, Wang Qianxiu of Zhaoyi died. On wuchen, Li Yuanchun was made military commissioner of Zhaoyi.
91
夏，四月，癸未，以安州刺史伊慎為安、黃等州節度使。
On guimao in the fourth month, Yi Shen was made commissioner of An and Huang.
92
癸巳，山南西道節度使嚴震薨。
On guisi, Yan Zhen of Shannan West Circuit died.
93
南詔異牟尋遣使與韋皋約共擊吐蕃，皋以兵糧未集，請俟它年。
Yimouxun proposed joint action with Wei Gao against Tibet; Gao asked to wait for supplies.
94
山南西道都虞候嚴礪諂事嚴震，震病，使知留後，遺表薦之。 秋，七月，乙巳，以嚴礪為山南西道節度使。
Yan Li fawned on Yan Zhen, acted during his illness, and was recommended in his final memorial. In autumn, on yisi, Yan Li was made military commissioner of Shannan West Circuit.
95
八月，丙申，陳許節度使曲環薨。 乙未，吳少誠遣兵掠臨穎，陳州刺史上官涗知陳洲留後，遣大將王令忠將兵三千救之，皆為少誠所虜。 九月，丙午，以涗為陳許節度使，少誠遂圍許州。 涗欲棄城走，營田副使劉昌裔止之曰：「城中兵足以辦賊，但閉城勿與戰，不過數日，賊氣自衰，吾以全制其弊，蔑不克矣。」 少誠晝夜急攻，昌裔募勇士千人鑿城出擊少誠，大破之，城由是全。 昌裔，兗州人也。 少誠又寇西華，陳許大將孟元陽拒卻之。 陳許都知兵馬使安國寧與上官涗不葉，謀翻城應少誠，劉昌裔以計斬之。 召其旄下，人給二縑。 伏兵要巷，見持縑者悉斬之，無得脫者。
In the eighth month, on bingshen, Qu Huan of Chen-Xu died. Shaoqing plundered Linying; Shangguan Shui's three thousand rescuers were captured. On bingwu, Shui was made Chen-Xu commissioner; Shaoqing besieged Xuzhou. “Shui meant to flee; Liu Changyi said closing the walls would break the besiegers' spirit.” Changyi sallied with a thousand men and routed Shaoqing; the city was saved. Changyi was from Yanzhou. Shaoqing raided Xihua; Meng Yuanyang repelled him. An Guoning plotted treason; Changyi executed him. He summoned Guoning's men and gave each two bolts of silk. Ambushers in the lanes killed every man holding silk.
96
庚戌，宣武節度使劉全諒薨。 軍中思劉玄佐之恩，推其甥都知兵馬使匡城韓弘為留後。 弘將兵，識其材鄙勇怯，指顧必堪其事。
On gengxu, Liu Quanliang of Xuanwu died. The army made Han Hong, Xuanzuo's nephew, acting commissioner. Hong knew every soldier's strengths at a glance.
97
丙辰，詔削奪吳少誠官爵，令諸道進兵討之。
On bingchen, Shaoqing was stripped of rank and all circuits were ordered to attack him.
98
辛酉，以韓弘為宣武節度使。 先是少慶遣使與劉全諒約共攻陳許，以陳州歸宣武。 使者數輩猶在館，弘悉驅出斬之。 選卒三千。 會諸軍擊少誠於許下。 少誠由是失勢。
On xinyou, Han Hong was made Xuanwu military commissioner. Shaoqing's envoys to Quanliang were still in Bianzhou; Hong executed them. He selected three thousand troops. They joined the allied armies at Xu. Shaoqing lost momentum. In winter, on jichou, Prince Yuan of Yong died.
99
冬，十月，己丑，邕王源薨。 太子之子也，上愛而子之，及薨，謚曰文敬太子。
The emperor's adopted son; he was posthumously titled Literary and Reverent Crown Prince. Yu Di, Yi Shen, Shui, and Hong repeatedly defeated Shaoqing.
100
山南東道節度使-{于}-頔、安黃節度使伊慎、知壽州事王宗與上官涗、韓弘進擊吳少誠，屢破之。 十一月，壬子，-{于}-頔奏拔吳房、朗山。
In the eleventh month, on renzi, Yu Di reported taking Wu Fang and Langshan. In the twelfth month, on xinwei, Hun Jian died at Hezhong.
101
十二月，辛未，中書令、咸寧王渾瑊薨於河中。 瑊性謙謹，雖位窮將相，無自矜大之色，每貢物必躬自閱視，受賜如在上前，由是為上所親愛。 上還自興元，雖一州一鎮有兵者，皆務姑息。 瑊每奏事，不過，輒私喜曰：「上不疑我。」 故能以功名終。
Hun Jian was humble despite his rank; the emperor loved him for it. After Xingyuan the emperor indulged every garrison. When the emperor rejected his advice, Jian rejoiced that he was still trusted. Whenever Hun Jian's memorials were rejected he would say privately, "The emperor still trusts me. Tangut tribes at Shizhou fled west under Ashina Sijian's oppression.
102
六州党項自永泰以來居於石州，永安鎮將阿史那思暕侵漁不已，党項部落悉逃奔河西。
The allied armies lacked a commander; each unit pursued its own gain.
103
諸軍討吳少誠者既無統帥，每出兵，人自規利，進退不壹。 乙未，諸軍自潰於小殷水，委棄器械、資糧，皆為少誠所有。 於是始議置招討使。 吐蕃眾五萬分擊南詔及巂州，異牟尋與韋皋各發兵御之，吐蕃無功而還。
On yiwei the allies collapsed at Xiao Yinshui and lost their supplies to Shaoqing. They then decided to appoint a pacification commissioner. Fifty thousand Tibetans attacked Nanzhao and Cizhou; Yimouxun and Wei Gao drove them back. Fifty thousand Tibetans attacked Nanzhao and Cizhou; Yimouxun and Wei Gao drove them back.
104
德宗神武聖文皇帝十貞元十六年（ 庚辰，公元八零零年）
Emperor Dezong, sixteenth year of Zhenyuan ( gengchen, AD 800)
105
春，正月，乙巳，恆冀、易定、陳許、河陽四軍與吳少誠戰，皆不利而退。 夏綏節度使韓全義本出神策軍，中尉竇文場愛厚之，薦於上，使統諸軍討吳少誠。 二月乙酉，以全義為蔡州四面行營招討使，十七道兵皆受全義節度。
In spring, on yisi, four armies fought Shaoqing and were beaten back. Han Quanyi of the Shence Army was Dou Wenchang's protégé and was put in command against Shaoqing. On yiyou in the second month, Quanyi was made Caizhou pacification commissioner over seventeen circuits.
106
宣武軍自劉玄佐薨，凡五作亂，士卒益驕縱，輕其主帥。 韓弘視事數月，皆知其主名，有郎將劉鍔，常為唱首。 三月，弘陳兵牙門，召鍔及其黨三百人，數之以：「數預於亂，自以為功」，悉斬之，血流丹道。 自是至弘入朝二十一年，士卒無一人敢歡呼於城郭者。
Since Xuanzuo's death Xuanwu had mutinied five times; the troops despised their commanders. Within months Hong knew every ringleader; Liu E often led the mutineers. “In the third month Hong executed Liu E and three hundred mutineers at headquarters; blood ran in the street.” For twenty-one years until Hong went to court, no soldier dared riot in the streets.
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義成監軍薛盈珍為上所寵信，欲奪節度使姚南仲軍政，南仲不從，由是有隙。 盈珍譖其幕僚□，貶泉州別駕。 福建觀察使柳冕謀害總以媚盈珍，遣幕僚寶鼎薛戎攝泉州事，使按致總罪，戎為辯證其無辜。 冕怒，召戎，囚之，使守卒恣為侵辱。 如此累月，徐誘之使誣總，戎終不從，總由是獲免。 冕，芳之子也。 盈珍屢毀南仲於上，上疑之。 盈珍又遣小吏程務盈乘驛誣奏南仲罪。 牙將曹文洽亦奏事長安，知之，晨夜兼行，追及務盈於長樂驛，與之同宿，中夜，殺之，沉盈珍表於廁中。 自作表雪南仲之冤，且首專殺之罪，亦作狀白南仲，遂自殺。 明旦，門不啟，驛吏排之入，得表、狀於文洽屍旁。 上聞而異之，征盈珍入朝。 南仲恐盈珍讒之益深，亦請入朝。 夏，四月，丙子，南仲至京師，待罪於金吾。 詔釋之，召見。 上問：「盈珍擾卿邪？」 對曰：「盈珍不擾臣，但亂陛下法耳。 且天下如盈珍輩，何可勝數！ 雖使羊、杜復生，亦不能行愷悌之政，成攻取之功也。」 上默然，竟不罪盈珍，仍使掌機密。 盈珍又言於上曰：「南仲惡政，皆幕僚馬少微贊之也。」 詔貶少微江南官，遣中使送之，推墜江中而死。
Xue Yingzhen tried to seize Yao Nanzhong's command; Nanzhong refused. Yingzhen slandered a staff member into exile at Quanzhou. Liu Mian of Fujian tried to kill the man for Yingzhen; Xue Rong defended his innocence. Mian imprisoned Rong and had guards abuse him. For months Mian tried to make Rong frame the man; Rong refused and the man was spared. Mian was Fang's son. Yingzhen slandered Nanzhong until the emperor doubted him. Yingzhen sent Cheng Wuying to accuse Nanzhong falsely. Cao Wenzhi overtook Wuying at Changle Post, killed him, and destroyed Yingzhen's memorial. He wrote a memorial clearing Nanzhong, confessed to murder, informed Nanzhong, and killed himself. At dawn the post station found his body and the memorials. The emperor marveled and summoned Yingzhen to court. Nanzhong also came to court for fear of Yingzhen. In summer, on bingzi, Nanzhong reached the capital to await judgment. An edict pardoned him and he was received in audience. The emperor asked, "Did Yingzhen harass you?" He replied, "Yingzhen did not harass me—he disturbed Your Majesty's laws. Men like Yingzhen are beyond counting. " Not even Yang Xiu and Du Yu reborn could govern benevolently or win battles. The emperor was silent and kept Yingzhen in power. “Yingzhen claimed Nanzhong's abuses were Ma Shaowei's doing.” Shaowei was demoted and drowned en route by the envoy.
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黔中觀察使韋士宗，政令苛刻。 丁亥，牙將傅近等逐之，出奔施州。
Wei Shizong of Qianzhong ruled harshly. On dinghai, Fu Jin expelled him to Shi Prefecture.
109
新羅王敬則卒，庚寅，冊命其嫡孫俊邕為新羅王。
Silla's Gyeongjeon died; on gengyin Junyeong was invested king.
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韓全義素無勇略，專以巧佞貨賂結宦官得為大帥，每議軍事，宦官為監軍者數十人坐帳中爭論，紛然莫能決而罷。 天漸暑，士卒久屯沮洳之地，多病疫，全義不存撫，人有離心。 五月，庚戌，與吳少誠將吳秀、吳少陽等戰於殷南廣利原，鋒鏑未交，諸軍大潰。 秀等乘之，全義退保五樓。 少陽，滄州清池人也。
Quanyi lacked courage and let eunuch supervisors argue in his tent. In summer heat and plague, Quanyi neglected his troops. On gengxu at Guangli Plain the allies routed before battle was joined. Xiu pursued; Quanyi fled to Wulou. Shaoyang was from Qingchi in Cangzhou.
111
山南東道節度使-{于}-頔因討吳少誠，大募戰士，繕甲厲兵，聚斂貨財，恣行誅殺，有據漢南之志，專以慢上陵下為事。 上方姑息籓鎮，知其所為，無如之何。 頔誣鄧州刺史元洪贓罪，朝廷不得已流洪端州，遣中使護送至棗陽。 頔遣兵劫取歸襄州，中使奔歸。 頔表洪責太重，上復以洪為吉州長史，乃遣之。 又怒判官薛正倫，奏貶峽州長史。 比敕下，頔怒已解，復奏留為判官。 上一一從之。
Yu Di built power attacking Shaoqing and defied the throne. The emperor indulged him helplessly. Di framed Yuan Hong; the court exiled him to Duanzhou. Di's troops seized Hong; the envoy fled. The court relented and made Hong chief administrator of Jizhou. He also demoted judge Xue Zhenglun. When the edict arrived Di had cooled and kept Zhenglun as judge. The emperor agreed to each request.
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徐、泗、濠節度使張建封鎮彭城十餘年，軍府稱治，病篤，累表請除代人。 辛亥，以蘇州刺史夏卿為徐、泗、濠行軍司馬。 敕下，建封已薨。 夏卿，執誼之從祖兄也。 徐州判官鄭通誠知留後，恐軍士為變，會浙西兵過彭城，通誠欲引入城為援。 軍士怒，壬子，數千人斧庫門，出甲兵擐執之，圍牙城，劫建封子前虢州參軍愔令知軍府事，殺通誠及大將段伯熊等數人，械系監軍。 上聞之，以吏部員外郎李鄘為徐州宣慰使。 鄘直抵其軍，召將士宣朝旨，諭以禍福，脫監軍械，使復其位，凶黨不敢犯。 愔上表稱兵馬留後，鄘以非朝命，不受，使削去，然後受之以歸。
Zhang Jianfeng, ill after ten years at Xuzhou, asked for a successor. On xinhai, Xia Qing was made campaigning marshal of Xu, Si, and Hao. When the edict arrived Jianfeng was dead. Xia Qing was Wei Zhiyi's cousin. Judge Zheng Tongcheng tried to bring Zhexi troops into Pengcheng. On renzi the troops mutinied, made Yin commander, and killed Tongcheng. The emperor sent Li Yun as comforting commissioner. Yun restored order and freed the army supervisor. Yin claimed acting command; Yun refused until the illegal title was removed.
113
靈州破吐蕃於烏蘭橋。
Lingzhou defeated Tibet at Wulan Bridge.
114
丙寅，韋士宗復入黔中。
On bingyin, Wei Shizong returned to Qianzhong.
115
湖南觀察使河中呂渭奏發永州刺史陽履贓賄，履表稱所斂物皆備進奉。 上召詣長安，丁丑，命三司使鞫之，詰其物費用所歸，履對曰：「已市馬進之矣。」 又詰：「馬主為誰？ 馬齒幾何？」 對曰：「馬主，東西南北之人，今不知所之。 按《禮》，齒路馬有誅，故不知其齒。」 所對率類此。 上悅其進奉之言，釋之，但免官而已。
Lü Wei accused Yang Lü of embezzlement; Lü claimed it was tribute. At Chang'an, Lü was interrogated about the funds; he said he had bought horses for tribute." “They asked who owned the horses. How old were they?" “He said the owners were from everywhere and could not be found. " By the Rites, worn-out road horses are destroyed—so I do not know their age. His answers were all evasions. The emperor was amused and only removed him from office.
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丙戌，加淄青節度使李師古同平章事。
On bingxu, Li Shigu was made fellow grand councillor.
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徐州亂兵為張愔表求旄節，朝廷不許。 加淮南節度使杜佑同平章事，兼徐、濠、泗節度使，使討之。 佑大具舟艦，遣牙將孟准為前鋒。 濟淮而敗，佑不敢進。 泗州刺史張伾出兵攻橋伾，大敗而還。 朝廷不得已除愔徐州團練使，以伾為泗州留後，濠州刺史杜兼為濠州留後，仍加佑兼濠泗觀察使。 兼，正倫五世孫也，性狡險強忍。 建封之疾亟也，兼陰圖代之，自濠州疾驅至府。 幕僚李籓與同列，入問建封疾，出見之，泣曰：「僕射疾危如此，公宜在州防遏，今棄州此來，欲何為也！ 宜速去，不然，當奏之。」 兼錯愕出不意，遂徑歸。 建封薨，籓歸揚州，兼誣奏籓於建封之薨搖動軍情，上大怒，密詔杜佑使殺之。 佑素重籓，懷詔旬日不忍發，因引籓論佛經曰，「佛言果報，有諸？」 籓曰：「有之」。 佑曰：「審如此，君宜遇事無恐。」 因出詔示籓。 籓神色不變，曰：「此真報也。」 佑曰：「君慎勿出口，吾已密論，用百口保君矣。」 上猶疑之，召籓詣長安，望見籓儀度安雅，乃曰：』此豈為惡者邪！ 即除秘書郎。
Xuzhou mutineers asked for a commission for Yin; the court refused. Du You was made fellow councillor and ordered to attack Xuzhou. You sent Meng Zhun as naval vanguard. Zhun was beaten crossing the Huai; You halted. Zhang Yi attacked Qiaoyi and was routed. The court made Yin training commissioner and Yi and Du acting commissioners. Du Jian was crafty and ruthless. As Jianfeng lay dying Du Jian raced from Hao to seize power. “Li Fan drove Du Jian away from the dying Jianfeng's bedside. Leave at once or I will report you." Jian fled back to Hao. Jian slandered Fan; the emperor secretly ordered You to kill him. You delayed the edict and tested Fan with talk of karma." “Fan said there was.” You told him not to fear." He showed Fan the edict. Fan said calmly, "This is retribution." “You promised to save him with a hundred lives.” The emperor saw Fan's calm bearing and spared him. He made Fan a secretary.
118
新羅王俊邕卒，國人立其子重熙。
Junyeong of Silla died; Chongxi succeeded.
119
秋，七月，吳少誠進擊韓全義於五樓，諸軍復大敗。 全義夜遁，保殷水縣城。
In autumn Shaoqing attacked Quanyi at Wulou and routed the allies again. Quanyi fled by night to Yingshui.
120
盧龍節度使劉濟弟源為涿州刺史，不受濟命； 濟引兵擊擒之。 九月，癸卯，義成節度使盧群薨。 甲戌，以尚書左丞李元素代之。 賈耽曰：「凡就軍中除節度使，必有愛憎向背，喜懼者相半，故眾心多不安。 自今願陛下只自朝廷除人，庶無它變。」 上以為然。
Liu Ji's brother Yuan, prefect of Zhuo, defied him; Ji captured him by force. In the ninth month, on guimao, Lu Qun of Yicheng died. On jiaxu, Li Yuansu replaced him. “Jia Dan urged appointing commissioners from court, not from the army. " Appoint only from the capital and there will be no turmoil. The emperor agreed.
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中書侍郎、同平章事鄭餘慶與戶部侍郎、判度支于( 丕頁) 善，所奏事，餘慶多勸上從之。 上以為朋比，庚戌，貶餘慶郴州司馬，( 丕頁) 泉州司戶。 (丕頁) ，頔之兄也。
Zheng Yuqing was close to Yu Pi of the Revenue Ministry; Pi) Yuqing usually urged the emperor to follow Pi's advice. The emperor saw factionalism. On gengxu he demoted Yuqing to Chenzhou and ( Yu Pi) registrar of Quanzhou. Pi), elder brother of Yu Di.
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癸丑，吳少誠進逼殷水數里置營，韓全義復帥諸軍退保陳州。 宣武、河陽兵私歸本道，獨陳許將孟元陽、神策將蘇光榮所部留軍殷水。 全義以詐誘昭義將夏侯仲宣、義成將時昂、河陽將權文變、河中將郭湘等，斬之，欲以威眾。 全義至陳州，刺史劉昌裔登城謂之曰：「天子命公討蔡州，今乃來此，昌裔不敢納，請捨於城外。」 既而昌裔繼牛酒入全義營犒師，全義驚喜，心服之。 己未，孟元陽等與少誠戰，殺二千餘人。
On guichou, Shaoqing camped near Yinshui; Quanyi retreated to Chenzhou. The Xuanwu and Heyang troops went home; only Yuanyang and Guangrong stayed at Yinshui. Quanyi lured and executed Zhongxuan, Ang, Wenbian, and Xiang to intimidate the army. “At Chenzhou, Liu Changyi refused Quanyi entry and told him to camp outside.” Changyi then feasted the army; Quanyi was won over. On jiwei, Yuanyang killed more than two thousand of Shaoqing men.
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庚申，以太常卿齊抗為中書舍人、同平章事。
On gengshen, Qi Kang was made fellow grand councillor.
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癸亥，以張愔為徐州留後。
On guihai, Zhang Yin was made acting commissioner of Xuzhou.
125
冬，十月，吳少誠引兵還蔡州。 先是，韋皋聞諸軍討少誠無功，上言「請以渾瑊、賈耽為元帥，統諸軍。 若重煩元老，則臣請以精銳萬人下巴峽，出荊楚以翦凶逆。 不然，因其請罪而赦之，罷兩河諸軍以休息私公，亦策之次也。 若少誠一旦罪盈惡稔，為麾下所殺，則又當以其爵位授之，是除一少誠，生一少誠，為患無窮矣。」 賈耽言於上曰：「賊意蓋亦望恩貸，恐須開其生路。」 上然之。 會少誠致書幣於監官軍者求昭洗，監軍奏之。 戊子，詔赦少誠及彰義將士，復其官爵。
In winter, the tenth month, Shaoqing withdrew to Caizhou. “Wei Gao proposed Hun Jian and Jia Dan as supreme commanders. Or he offered ten thousand men through the Ba Gorge into Jing-Chu. Or pardon Shaoqing and disband the armies—that was his second choice. Kill one Shaoqing and another rises—endless trouble." “Jia Dan urged opening a path to mercy.” The emperor agreed. Shaoqing asked for amnesty through the army supervisors. On wuzi, Shaoqing and the Zhangyi army were pardoned and restored.
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己丑，河東節度使李說薨。 甲午，以其行軍司馬鄭儋為節度使。 上擇可以代儋者，以刑部員外郎嚴綬嘗以幕僚進奉，記其名，即用為河東行軍司馬。
On jichou, Li Shuo of Hedong died. On jiawu, Zheng Dan was made military commissioner. Yan Shou, remembered for tribute as a staffer, was made Hedong campaigning marshal.
127
吐蕃數為韋皋所敗，同歲，其曩貢、臘城等九節度嬰、籠官馬定德帥其部落來降。 定德有智略，吐蕃諸將行兵，皆稟其謀策，常乘驛計事，至是以兵數不利，恐獲罪，遂來奔。
Tibet suffered repeated defeats; Ma Dingde and others surrendered. Dingde had advised Tibetan campaigns; fearing blame, he defected.
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CATEGORY:資治通鑑
Category: Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance