1
資治通鑑第249卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 249
2
【唐紀六十五】起上章敦牂，盡屠維單閼，凡十年。
[Tang Records 65] From Shangzhang Dunzang through Tuwéi Danqian—ten years in all.
3
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中四年（ 庚午，公元八五零年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; fourth year of the Dazhong era ( gengwu, 850 CE)
4
春，正月，庚辰朔，赦天下。
In spring, the first month, on the gengchen new moon, the emperor proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm.
5
二月，以秦州隸鳳翔。
In the second month, Qin Prefecture was placed under Fengxiang's jurisdiction.
6
夏，四月，庚戌，以中書侍郎、同平章事馬植為天平節度使。 上之立也，左軍中尉馬元贄有力焉，由是恩遇冠諸宦者，植與之敘宗姓。 上賜元贄寶帶，元贄以遺植，植服之以朝，上見而識之。 植變色，不敢隱。 明日。 罷相，收植親吏董侔，下御史台鞫之，盡得植與元贄交通之狀，再貶常州刺史。
In summer, the fourth month, on gengxu, Vice Director of the Secretariat and Co-Equal Chief Minister Ma Zhi was appointed military commissioner of Tianping. When the emperor had been enthroned, Left Army Commandant Ma Yuanzan had been instrumental; from then on his favor exceeded that of all other eunuchs, and Ma Zhi claimed to be related to him by clan. The emperor had bestowed a jeweled belt on Yuanzan; Yuanzan gave it to Ma Zhi, who wore it at court, and the emperor saw it and recognized it. Ma Zhi turned pale and did not dare conceal it. The next day, he was removed as chief minister; Ma Zhi's personal clerk Dong Mou was seized and interrogated at the Censorate; the full record of Ma Zhi's dealings with Yuanzan was obtained, and he was demoted again to prefect of Changzhou.
7
六月，戊申，兵部侍郎、同平章事魏扶薨。 以戶部尚書、判度支崔龜從同平章事。
In the sixth month, on wushen, Vice Minister of War and Co-Equal Chief Minister Wei Fu died. Minister of Revenue and acting commissioner of fiscal affairs Cui Guicong was made Co-Equal Chief Minister.
8
秋，八月，以白敏中判延資庫。
In autumn, the eighth month, Bai Minzhong was made acting director of the Yanzhi Treasury.
9
盧龍節度使周綝薨，軍中表請以押牙兼馬步都知兵馬使張允伸為留後。 九月，丁酉，從之。
Military commissioner of Lulong Zhou Zong died; the army submitted a memorial requesting that adjutant and concurrent commander of horse and foot forces Zhang Yunshen be made acting commissioner. In the ninth month, on dingyou, the request was granted.
10
党項為邊患，發諸道兵討之，連年無功，戍饋不已，右補闕孔溫裕上疏切諫。 上怒，貶柳州司馬。 溫裕，戣之兄子也。
The Tangut were a border menace; troops from various circuits were sent against them; for years there was no success, and frontier supplies never ceased; Right Supplementation Censor Kong Wényù submitted a forceful memorial of remonstrance. The emperor was enraged and demoted him to defender of Liuzhou. Wényù was a nephew of Kong Zhi.
11
吐蕃論恐熱遣僧莽羅藺真將兵於雞項關南造橋，以擊尚婢婢，軍於白土嶺。 婢婢遣其將尚鐸羅榻藏將兵據臨蕃軍以拒之，不利，復遣磨離羆子、燭盧鞏力將兵據氂牛峽以拒之。 鞏力請「按兵拒險，勿與戰，以奇兵絕其糧道，使進不得戰，退不得還，不過旬月，其眾必潰。」 羆子不從。 鞏力曰：「吾寧為不用之人，不為敗軍之將。」 稱疾，歸鄯州。 羆子逆戰，敗死。 婢婢糧乏，留拓跋懷光守鄯州，帥部落三千餘人就水草於甘州西。 恐熱聞婢婢棄鄯州，自將輕騎五千追之。 至瓜州，聞懷光守鄯州，遂大掠河西鄯、廓等八州，殺其丁壯，劓刖其羸老及婦人，以槊貫嬰兒為戲，焚其室廬，五千里間，赤地殆盡。
The Tibetan Lun Qinlé sent the monk Mangluó Lánzhēn to lead troops to build a bridge south of Jixiang Pass to attack Shang Pipi; his army encamped at Baitu Ridge. Pipi sent her general Shang Duóluó Tàzàng with troops to hold Linfan Army against him; this failed, and she again sent Molí Pízi and Zhúlú Gǒnglì with troops to hold Maoniu Gorge against him. Gǒnglì urged, "Hold the army in place and defend the defiles; do not give battle; use surprise troops to cut their supply line, so that they can neither advance to fight nor retreat to return; within no more than ten days their host will surely disperse." Pízi did not follow this advice. Gǒnglì said, "I would rather be a man set aside than a general of a defeated army." He claimed illness and returned to Shazhou. Pízi met the enemy in battle, was defeated, and died. Pipi lacked grain; she left Tuoba Huáiguāng to guard Shazhou and led more than three thousand of her tribesmen west of Ganzhou in search of pasture and water. When Qinlé heard that Pipi had abandoned Shazhou, he personally led five thousand light horsemen in pursuit. Reaching Guazhou, he heard that Huáiguāng held Shazhou; he then plundered on a vast scale the eight Hexi prefectures including Shazhou and Kuozhou—killing the able-bodied, cutting off the noses and ears of the weak elderly and women, spearing infants for sport, burning dwellings; for five thousand li the land was nearly bare.
12
冬，十月，辛未，以翰林學士承旨、兵部侍郎令狐綯同平章事。
In winter, the tenth month, on xinwei, Hanlin Academician-in-Chief and Vice Minister of War Linghu Tao was made Co-Equal Chief Minister.
13
十一月，壬寅，以翰林學士劉瑑為京西招討党項行營宣慰使。
In the eleventh month, on renyin, Hanlin Academician Liu Zhuan was made commissioner for pacification of the western capital campaign to suppress the Tangut.
14
以盧龍留後張允伸為節度使。
Acting commissioner of Lulong Zhang Yunshen was made military commissioner.
15
十二月，以鳳翔節度使李業、河東節度使李試著兼招討党項使。
In the twelfth month, military commissioner of Fengxiang Li Ye and military commissioner of Hedong Li Shizhe were additionally made commissioners to suppress the Tangut.
16
吏部侍郎孔溫業白執政求外官，白敏中謂同列曰：「我輩須自點檢，孔吏部不肯居朝廷矣。」 溫業，戣之弟子也。
Vice Minister of Personnel Kong Wényè informed the chief ministers that he sought an outside post; Bai Minzhong said to his colleagues, "We must examine ourselves—Vice Minister Kong no longer wishes to remain at court." Wényè was a disciple of Kong Zhi.
17
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中五年（ 辛未，公元八五一年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; fifth year of the Dazhong era ( xinwei, 851 CE)
18
春，二月，壬戌，天德軍奏攝沙州刺史張義潮遣使來降。 義潮，沙州人也，時吐蕃大亂，義潮陰結豪傑，謀自拔歸唐。 一旦，帥眾被甲噪於州門，唐人皆應之，吐番守將驚走，義潮遂攝州事，奉表來降。 以義潮為沙州防禦使。
In spring, the second month, on renxu, the Tiande Army reported that acting prefect of Shazhou Zhang Yichao had sent envoys to submit and surrender. Yichao was a native of Shazhou; at the time Tibet was in great turmoil; Yichao secretly rallied bold men and planned to break free and return to Tang. One day he led his followers, armored, to clamor at the prefectural gate; Tang people everywhere responded; the Tibetan garrison commander fled in alarm; Yichao then took charge of the prefecture and sent a memorial submitting to Tang. Yichao was made defender of Shazhou.
19
以兵部侍郎裴休為鹽鐵轉運使。 休，肅之子也。 自太和以來，歲運江、淮米不過四十萬斛，吏卒侵盜、沉沒，舟達渭倉者什不三四，大墮劉晏之法。 休窮究其弊，立漕法十條，歲運米至渭倉者百二十萬斛。
Vice Minister of War Pei Xiu was made salt and iron transport commissioner. Xiu was a son of Pei Su. Since the Taihe era, annual transport of Jianghuai rice had not exceeded four hundred thousand hu; clerks and soldiers pilfered and sank shipments; of boats reaching the Wei granary, scarcely three or four in ten; Liu Yan's methods had greatly decayed. Xiu thoroughly investigated the abuses, established ten articles of transport law, and annual rice reaching the Wei granary came to one million two hundred thousand hu.
20
上頗知党項之反由邊帥利其羊馬，數欺奪之，或妄誅殺，党項不勝憤怨，故反。 乃以右諫議大夫李福為夏綏節度使。 自是繼選儒臣以代邊帥之貪暴者，行日復面加戒勵，党項由是遂安。 福，石之弟也。
The emperor was well aware that the Tangut rebellion arose because frontier commanders coveted their sheep and horses, repeatedly cheated and seized them, or killed without cause; the Tangut could not bear their rage and resentment and therefore rebelled. He therefore appointed Right Remonstrance Grandee Li Fu military commissioner of Xia-Sui. From this time civil officials were successively chosen to replace greedy and violent frontier commanders; on the day of departure the emperor again admonished them face to face; the Tangut were thereby pacified. Fu was a younger brother of Li Shi.
21
上以南山、平夏党項久未平，頗厭用兵。 崔鉉建議，宜遣大臣鎮撫。
Because the Southern Mountain and Pingxia Tangut had long gone unpacified, the emperor was quite weary of military campaigns. Cui Xuan proposed that a senior minister should be sent to pacify them.
22
三月，以白敏中為司空、同平章事，充招討党項行營都統、制置等使，南北兩路供軍使兼邠寧節度使。 敏中請用裴度故事，擇廷臣為將佐，許之。
In the third month, Bai Minzhong was made Minister of Works and Co-Equal Chief Minister, overall commander of the campaign to suppress the Tangut, commissioner for disposition, commissioner for supplies on the northern and southern routes, and military commissioner of Binning. Minzhong requested to follow Pei Du's precedent and choose court officials as staff; this was granted.
23
夏，四月，以左諫議大夫孫景商為左庶子，充邠寧行軍司馬； 知制誥蔣伸為右庶子，充節度副使。 伸，系之弟也。
In summer, the fourth month, Left Remonstrance Grandee Sun Jingshang was made Left Household Mentor and campaign marshal of Binning; Drafter of Proclamations Jiang Shen was made Right Household Mentor and deputy military commissioner. Shen was a younger brother of Jiang Xi.
24
初，上令白敏中為萬壽公主選佳婿，敏中薦鄭顥。 時顥已昏盧氏，行至鄭州，堂帖追還，顥甚銜之，由是數毀敏中於上。 敏中將赴鎮，言於上曰：「鄭顥不樂尚主，怨臣入骨髓。 臣在政府，無如臣何； 今臣出外，顥必中傷，臣死無日矣！」 上曰：「朕知之久矣，卿何言之晚邪！」 命左右於禁中取小檉函以授敏中曰：「此皆鄭郎譖卿之書也。 朕若信之，豈任卿以至今日！」 敏中歸，置檉函於佛前，焚香事之。 敏中軍於寧州，壬子，定遠城使史元破堂項九千餘帳於三交谷，敏中奏党項平。
Earlier, the emperor had ordered Bai Minzhong to select a fine son-in-law for Princess Wanshou; Minzhong recommended Zheng Hao. At the time Hao had already married into the Lu clan; when he reached Zhengzhou, an urgent palace dispatch recalled him; Hao deeply resented this and thereafter repeatedly slandered Minzhong to the emperor. As Minzhong was about to depart for his command, he said to the emperor, "Zheng Hao did not wish to marry the princess; his hatred of me goes to the marrow. While I remain in the government, he can do nothing to me; now that I go outside, Hao will surely strike at me—I have not long to live!" The emperor said, "I have known this for a long time—why do you speak of it only now!" He ordered attendants to take from the inner quarters a small catalpa box and give it to Minzhong, saying, "These are all Master Zheng's letters slandering you. Had I believed them, how could I have entrusted you with office until today!" Minzhong returned home, placed the catalpa box before the Buddha, and burned incense before it. Minzhong encamped at Ningzhou; on renzi, Defender of Dingyuan City Shi Yuan broke more than nine thousand Tangut tents of the Tang clan at Sanjiao Valley; Minzhong memorialized that the Tangut were pacified.
25
辛未，詔：「平夏党項，已就安貼。 南山党項，聞出山者迫於饑寒，猶行鈔掠，平夏不容，窮無所歸。 宜委李福存諭，於銀、夏境內授以閒田。 如能革心向化，則撫如赤子，從前為惡，一切不問，或有抑屈，聽於本鎮投牒自訴。 若再犯疆場，或復入山林，不受教令，則誅討無赦。 將吏有功者甄獎，死傷者優恤。 靈、夏、邠、鄜四道百姓，給復三年，鄰道量免租稅。 向由邊將貪鄙，致其怨叛，自今當更擇廉良撫之。 若復致侵叛，當先罪邊將，後討寇虜。」
On xinwei, an edict stated: "The Pingxia Tangut have already been settled. The Southern Mountain Tangut, hearing that those who came out of the mountains were driven by hunger and cold, still carried out raids; Pingxia would not receive them, and they had nowhere to turn. Li Fu should be entrusted to go and instruct them and grant them idle land within the Yin and Xia borderlands. If they reform their hearts and turn to civilization, treat them as infants; for past wrongdoing, ask nothing; if there is oppression, let them submit petitions of grievance to their own circuit. If they again violate the borderlands or return to the mountains and refuse instruction, then execute and punish without pardon. Officers and soldiers with merit shall be selected and rewarded; the dead and wounded shall receive generous relief. The people of the four circuits Ling, Xia, Bin, and Fu shall receive tax relief for three years; neighboring circuits shall have rents and taxes reduced as appropriate. Formerly frontier generals' greed and baseness caused their resentment and rebellion; from now on more honest and good men must be chosen to pacify them. If invasion and rebellion occur again, the frontier generals shall be punished first, and only afterward shall the marauders be attacked."
26
吐蕃論恐熱殘虐，所部多叛。 拓跋懷光使人說誘之，其眾或散歸部落，或降於懷光。 恐熱勢孤，乃揚言於眾曰：「吾今入朝於唐，借兵五十萬來誅不服者，然後以渭州為國城，請唐冊我為贊普，誰敢不從！」
The Tibetan Lun Qinlé was cruel and tyrannical; many of his followers rebelled. Tuoba Huáiguāng sent men to persuade and entice them; some dispersed to their tribes, some surrendered to Huáiguāng. Qinlé, isolated in power, then proclaimed to the host, "I shall now enter Tang and borrow five hundred thousand troops to execute those who will not submit; then I shall take Weizhou as my capital and ask Tang to invest me as zanpu—who will not follow!"
27
五月，恐熱入朝，上遣左丞李景讓就禮賓院問所欲。 恐熱氣色驕倨，語言荒誕，求為河渭節度使。 上不許，召對三殿，如常日胡客，勞賜遣還。 恐熱怏怏而去，復歸落門川，聚其舊眾，欲為邊患。 會久雨，乏食，眾稍散，才有三百餘人，奔於廓州。
In the fifth month, Qinlé entered court; the emperor sent Left Vice Director Li Jingrang to the Office of Guests to inquire what he desired. Qinlé's bearing was arrogant and haughty; his words were wild and absurd; he sought to be military commissioner of the He and Wei region. The emperor did not grant this; he was summoned to audience in the Three Halls as on ordinary days for barbarian guests, rewarded, and sent back. Qinlé departed resentfully; he returned to Luomen River, gathered his old followers, and intended to become a border menace. As prolonged rain left them short of food, the host gradually dispersed; he had only a little more than three hundred men and fled to Kuozhou.
28
六月，立皇子潤為鄂王。
In the sixth month, the emperor's son Run was established as Prince of E.
29
進士孫樵上言：「百姓男耕女織，不自溫飽，而群僧安坐華屋，美衣精饌，率以十戶不能養一僧。 武宗憤其然，發十七萬僧，是天下一百七十萬戶始得蘇息也。 陛下即位以來，修復廢寺，天下斧斤之聲至今不絕，度僧幾復其舊矣。 陛下縱不能如武宗除積弊，奈何興之於已廢乎！ 日者陛下欲修國東門，諫官上言，遽為罷役。 今所復之寺，豈若東門之急乎？ 所役之功，豈右東門之勞乎？ 願早降明詔，僧未復者勿復，寺未修者勿修，庶幾百姓猶得以息肩也。」
Presented scholar Sun Qiao submitted a memorial stating, "The common people, men plowing and women weaving, cannot warm and feed themselves, while groups of monks sit at ease in splendid halls, in fine clothes and choice food—on average ten households cannot support one monk. Emperor Wuzong resented this and expelled one hundred seventy thousand monks; only then could one million seven hundred thousand households begin to breathe again. Since Your Majesty ascended the throne, ruined monasteries have been restored; the sound of axes throughout the realm has not ceased to this day; ordained monks have nearly returned to the former numbers. Your Majesty, though unable to remove accumulated abuses as Wuzong did, how can you revive what has already been abolished! Recently Your Majesty wished to repair the eastern gate of the capital; remonstrating officials submitted memorials, and the work was promptly halted. Are the monasteries now being restored not more urgent than the eastern gate? Is the labor expended not greater than that for the eastern gate? I pray that an enlightened edict be issued soon: where monks have not been restored, do not restore them; where monasteries have not been repaired, do not repair them—then perhaps the common people may yet rest their shoulders."
30
秋，七月，中書門下奏：「陛下崇奉釋氏，群下莫不奔走，恐財力有所不逮，因之生事擾人，望委所在長吏量加撙節。 所度僧亦委選擇有行業者，若容凶粗之人，則更非敬道也。 鄉村佛捨，請罷兵日修。」 從之。
In autumn, the seventh month, the Secretariat and Chancellery memorialized, "Your Majesty reveres the Buddha; below, none do not rush to follow; we fear finances may not suffice and thereby give rise to affairs that disturb the people; we hope the local chief officials may be entrusted to practice restraint as appropriate. Those ordained as monks should also be chosen from among men of conduct; if coarse and violent men are admitted, that is even less reverence for the Way. Village Buddhist shrines—please halt military days for repairs." This was followed.
31
八月，白敏中奏，南山党項亦請降。 時用兵歲久，國用頗乏，詔並赦南山党項，使之安業。
In the eighth month, Bai Minzhong reported that the Southern Mountain Tangut were also seeking to surrender. With the war having dragged on for years and state finances strained, the court proclaimed a general amnesty for the Southern Mountain Tangut so they could settle in peace.
32
冬，十月，乙卯，中書門下奏：「今邊事已息，而州府諸寺尚未畢功，望且令成之。 其大縣遠於州府者，聽置一寺，其鄉村毋得更置佛捨。」 從之。
In winter, the tenth month, on yimao, the Secretariat and Chancellery submitted: "Border affairs have quieted, yet prefectural monasteries remain unfinished—we ask that they be allowed to reach completion for now. Large counties far from their prefectural seats might keep one monastery; villages must not add new Buddhist shrines." The request was granted.
33
戊辰，以戶部侍郎魏謨同平章事，仍判戶部。 時上春秋已高，未立太子，群臣莫敢言。 謨入謝，因言：「今海內無事，惟未建儲副，使正人輔導，臣竊以為憂。」 且泣。 時人重之。
On wuchen, Vice Minister of Revenue Wei Mo was made Co-Equal Chief Minister while retaining charge of the Ministry of Revenue. The emperor was already advanced in years and had not named a crown prince; none of the ministers dared raise the matter. At his audience of thanks, Mo added: "The realm is at peace, yet no heir apparent has been installed and no upright tutors appointed—I cannot help but worry." He wept as he spoke. Contemporaries held him in high regard for this.
34
蓬、果群盜依阻雞山，寇掠三川。 以果州刺史王贄弘充三川行營都知兵馬使，以討之。
Brigands from Peng and Guo held Jishan and raided the Three Rivers region. Wang Zanhong, prefect of Guo, was made overall commander of the Three Rivers campaign to suppress them.
35
制以党項既平，罷白敏中教統，但以司空、平章事充邠寧節度使。 張義潮發兵略定其旁瓜、伊、西、甘、肅、蘭、鄯、河、岷、廓十州，遣其兄義澤奉十一州圖籍入見，於是河、湟之地盡入於唐。
An edict relieved Bai Minzhong of his campaign command—he remained Minister of Works, Co-Equal Chief Minister, and military commissioner of Binning. Zhang Yichao dispatched troops to secure the ten neighboring prefectures—Gua, Yi, Xi, Gan, Su, Lan, Shan, He, Min, and Kuo—and sent his elder brother Yize to court with maps and registers of all eleven; the He-Huang region thus returned fully to Tang control.
36
十一月，置歸義軍於沙州，以義潮為節度使、十一州觀察使，又以義潮判官曹義金為歸義軍長史。
In the eleventh month the court founded the Guiyi Army at Shazhou, appointing Yichao military commissioner and overseer of the eleven prefectures, with his aide Cao Yijin as chief secretary.
37
以中書侍郎、同平章事崔龜從同平章事，充宣武節度使。
Vice Director of the Secretariat Cui Guicong was transferred to military commissioner of Xuanwu while retaining his chief ministership.
38
右羽林統軍張直方坐出獵累日不還宿衛，貶左驍衛將軍。
Zhang Zhifang, commander of the Right Forest Army, was demoted to general of the Left Xiaowei for hunting several days without returning to guard duty.
39
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中六年（ 壬申，公元八五二年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; sixth year of the Dazhong era ( renshen, 852 CE)
40
春，二月，王贄弘討雞山賊，平之。
In spring, the second month, Wang Zanhong defeated the Jishan bandits and restored order.
41
是時，山南西道節度使封敖奏巴南妖賊言辭悖慢，上怒甚。 崔鉉曰：「此皆陛下赤子，迫於饑寒，盜弄陛下兵於溪谷間，不足辱大軍，但遣一使者可平矣。」 乃遣京兆少尹劉潼詣果州招諭之。 潼上言請不發兵攻討，且曰：「今以日月之明燭愚迷之眾，使之稽顙歸命，其勢甚易。 所慮者，武臣恥不戰之功，議者責欲速之效耳。」 潼至山中，盜彎弓待之，潼屏左右直前曰：「我面受詔赦汝罪，使汝復為平人。 聞汝木弓射二百步，今我去汝十步，汝真欲反者，可射我！」 賊皆投弓列拜，請降。 潼歸館，而王贄弘與中使似先義逸引兵已至山下，竟擊滅之。
Feng Ao, military commissioner of Shannan West, reported that rebel bands south of Ba used defiant language; the emperor was furious. Cui Xuan said, "They are Your Majesty's own people, starving into banditry in the hills; a great army is unnecessary—one envoy should suffice." The court sent Liu Tong, junior vice prefect of the capital, to Guo Prefecture to offer terms. Tong asked that no attack be launched, writing: "With the court's authority shining on them, they will kneel and submit—the matter should be easy. My concern is only that generals hunger for battle-glory and officials demand quick results." In the hills the bandits drew their bows; Tong sent away his escort and stepped forward: "I carry an edict pardoning you and restoring you as ordinary subjects. Your bows are said to carry two hundred paces; I stand ten paces away—if you mean to fight, shoot me now!" They dropped their bows, lined up, and begged to surrender. Tong returned to quarters—but Wang Zanhong and the palace envoy Si Xianyi were already at the mountain foot and annihilated the bandits.
42
三月，敕先賜右衛大將軍鄭光鄠縣及雲陽莊並免稅役。 中書門下奏，以為：「稅役之法，天下皆同。 陛下屢發德音，欲使中外畫一，今獨免鄭光，似稍乖前意。 事雖至細，系體則多。」 敕曰：「朕以鄭光元舅之尊貴，欲優異令免徵稅，初不細思。 況親戚之間，人所難議，卿等苟非愛我，豈進嘉言！ 庶事能盡如斯，天下何憂不理！ 有始有卒，當共守之，並依所奏。」
In the third month an edict preemptively granted General Zheng Guang estates in E and Yunyang counties, exempt from tax and corvée. The Secretariat and Chancellery objected: "Tax and corvée law must be uniform empire-wide. Your Majesty has often proclaimed uniformity between court and provinces; exempting Zheng Guang alone seems at odds with that aim. The matter is small, but the principle is large." The emperor replied: "I meant to favor my uncle Zheng Guang and exempted his levies without thinking it through. Among kin, criticism is hardest—had you not loved me, you would not have spoken so well! If every matter were handled thus, how could the realm fail to prosper! Let us uphold this from start to finish and follow your memorial."
43
夏，四月，甲辰，以邠寧節度使白敏中為西川節度使。
In summer, the fourth month, on jiachen, Bai Minzhong was transferred from Binning to military commissioner of Xichuan.
44
湖南奏，團練副使馮少端討衡州賊帥鄧裴，平之。
Hunan reported that Feng Shaoduan, deputy training commissioner, had suppressed Deng Pei, bandit leader of Hengzhou.
45
党項復擾邊，上欲擇可為邠寧帥者而難其人，從容與翰林學士、中書舍人須昌畢諴論邊事，諴援古據今，具陳方略。 上悅曰：「吾方擇帥，不意頗、牧近在禁廷。 卿其為朕行乎！」 諴欣然奉命。 上欲重其資履，六月，壬申，先以諴為刑部侍郎，癸酉，乃除邠寧節度使。 雍王水美薨，追謚靖懷太子。
Tangut raids resumed; the emperor sought a new Binning commander but found no obvious choice. Chatting with Hanlin drafter Bi Xie, he heard a full strategic brief drawing on past and present. The emperor said gladly, "I am choosing a commander—and find my Li Mu right here in the palace. Will you go for me!" Xie accepted with alacrity. To dignify his appointment, in the sixth month Xie was first made vice minister of justice on renshen, then military commissioner of Binning on guiyou. Prince Yong Shuimei died and was posthumously titled Crown Prince Jinghuai.
46
河東節度使李業縱吏民侵掠雜虜，又妄殺降者，由是北邊擾動。 閏月，庚子，以太子少師盧鈞為河東節度使。 業內有所恃，人莫敢言，魏謨獨請貶黜。 上不許，但徙義成節度使。 盧鈞奏度支郎中韋宙為副使。 宙遍詣塞下，悉召酋長，諭以禍福，禁唐民毋得入虜境侵掠，犯者必死，雜虜由是遂安。 掌書記李璋杖一牙職，明日，牙將百餘人訴於鈞，鈞杖其為首者，摘戍外鎮，餘皆罰之，曰：「邊鎮百餘人，無故橫訴，不可不抑。」 璋，絳之子也。
Li Ye of Hedong let his staff and people prey on frontier tribes and killed surrendering tribesmen without cause, unsettling the north. In the intercalary month, on gengzi, Lu Jun, junior tutor to the heir apparent, replaced him as military commissioner of Hedong. Ye enjoyed palace backing and went unchallenged until Wei Mo alone demanded his removal. The emperor refused removal and merely transferred him to military commissioner of Yicheng. Lu Jun recommended Wei Zhou of the Ministry of Revenue as his deputy. Zhou toured the frontier, summoned every chieftain, warned them of consequences, and forbade Tang subjects to raid tribal lands on pain of death; the tribes quieted. Secretary Li Zhang flogged a clerk; next day a hundred officers petitioned Jun, who flogged the leader, posted him to an outer fort, and punished the rest: "A hundred men cannot bully the command with false grievances." Zhang was Li Jiang's son.
47
八月，甲子，以禮部尚書裴休同平章事。
In the eighth month, on jiazi, Minister of Rites Pei Xiu joined the chief ministers.
48
獠寇昌、資二州。
Liao tribes raided Chang and Zi prefectures.
49
冬，十月，邠寧節度使畢諴奏招諭党項皆降。
In winter, the tenth month, Bi Xie reported that all Tangut groups had submitted after his summons.
50
驍衛將軍張直方坐以小過屢殺奴婢，貶恩州司戶。
Zhang Zhifang of the Xiaowei was demoted to registrar of En for killing servant girls over petty offenses.
51
十一月，立憲宗子惴為棣王。
In the eleventh month the emperor enfeoffed Zhui, a son of Emperor Xianzong, as Prince of Di.
52
十二月，中書門下奏：「度僧不精，則戒法墮壞； 造寺無節，則損費過多，請自今諸州准元敕許置寺外，有勝地靈跡許修復，繁會之縣許置一院。 嚴禁私度僧、尼。 若官度僧、尼有闕，則擇人補之，仍申祠部給牒。 其欲遠遊尋師者，須有本州公驗。」 從之。
In the twelfth month the Secretariat and Chancellery warned: "Careless ordination corrupts monastic discipline; unrestrained temple-building wastes revenue. Henceforth let each prefecture keep only Yuan-era authorized temples, allow repairs only at sacred sites, and limit populous counties to one cloister. Private ordinations of monks and nuns are forbidden. Where official quotas lack monks or nuns, appoint qualified persons and obtain certificates from the Ministry of Rites. Monks seeking distant teachers must carry home-prefecture credentials." The regulations were adopted.
53
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中七年（ 癸酉，公元八五三年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; seventh year of the Dazhong era ( guiyou, 853 CE)
54
春，正月，戊申，上祀圓丘； 赦天下。
In spring, the first month, on wushen, the emperor performed the suburban sacrifice at the Round Mound; he then proclaimed a general amnesty.
55
夏，四月，丙寅，敕：「自今法司處罪，用常行杖。 杖脊一，折法杖十； 杖臀一，折笞五。 使吏用法有常准。」
“In summer, the fourth month, on bingyin, an edict standardized judicial beatings: one blow to the back would equal ten regulation-staff strokes; one blow to the buttocks would equal five light-cane strokes. Clerks would thus apply punishments by a fixed rule."
56
冬，十二月，左補闕趙璘請罷來年元會，止御宣政。 上以問宰相，對曰：「元會大禮，不可罷。 況天下無事。」 上曰：「近華州奏有賊光火劫下邽，關中少雪，皆朕之憂，何謂無事！ 雖宣政亦不可御也。」
In winter, the twelfth month, Zhao Lin asked to cancel the New Year grand audience and confine the emperor to Xuanzheng Hall. The chief ministers answered: "The New Year rite is too important to cancel. Besides, the empire is at peace." The emperor retorted: "Hua reports torch raids on Xia Gui, and Guanzhong lacks snow—how is that 'no trouble'? I will not attend even Xuanzheng."
57
上事鄭太后甚謹，不居別宮，朝夕奉養。 舅鄭光歷平盧、河中節度使。 入朝，上與之論為政，光應對鄙淺，上不悅，留為右羽林統軍，使奉朝請。 太后數言其貧，上輒厚賜金帛，終不復任以民宮。
He served Empress Dowager Zheng devotedly, never living apart, attending her morning and evening. His maternal uncle Zheng Guang had governed Pinglu and Hedong. At audience the emperor discussed policy with Guang, whose answers proved crude; displeased, he kept Guang as a ceremonial general of the Right Forest. The empress dowager often pleaded his poverty; the emperor gave gold and silk generously but never again gave him a civil governorship.
58
度支奏：「自河、湟平，每歲天下所納錢九百二十五萬餘緡，內五百五十萬餘緡租稅，八十二萬餘緡榷酤，二百七十八萬餘緡鹽利。」
Revenue reported that after the He-Huang reconquest annual cash receipts exceeded 9.25 million strings—5.55 million in taxes, 820,000 in liquor monopoly, 2.78 million in salt."
59
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中八年（ 甲戌，公元八五四年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; eighth year of the Dazhong era ( jiaxu, 854 CE)
60
春，正月丙戌朔，日有食之。 罷元會。
In spring, on the bingxu new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The New Year audience was canceled.
61
上自即位以來，治弒憲宗之黨，宦官、外戚乃至東宮官屬，誅竄甚眾。 慮人情不安，丙申，詔：「長慶之初，亂臣賊子，頃搜擿餘黨，流竄已盡，其餘族從疏遠者，一切不問。」
Since his accession he had purged those implicated in Emperor Xianzong's murder—eunuchs, in-laws, even Eastern Palace staff—in vast numbers. On bingshen, fearing public unease, he proclaimed: "Changqing rebels have been hunted to exhaustion; distant kin are now forgiven."
62
二月，中書門下奏拾遺、補闕缺員，請更增補。 上曰：「諫官要在舉職，不必人多，如張道符、牛叢、趙璘輩數人，使朕日聞所不聞足矣。」 叢，僧孺之子也。 久之，叢自司勳員外郎出為睦州刺史，入謝，上賜之紫。 叢既謝，前言曰：「臣所服緋，刺史所借也。」 上遽曰：「且賜緋。」 上重惜服章，有司常具緋、紫衣數襲從行，以備賞賜，或半歲不用其一，故當時以緋、紫為榮。 上重翰林學士，至於遷官，必校歲月，以為不可以官爵私近臣也。
In the second month the Secretariat asked to fill vacant remonstrance and supplementation posts. The emperor replied: "A few good remonstrators suffice—Zhang Daofu, Niu Cong, Zhao Lin give me daily what I need to hear." Cong was Niu Sengru's son. Later Cong left a Ministry of Personnel post for Mu Prefecture; at his farewell audience the emperor granted him purple. Cong added: "This scarlet robe is the prefect's loan." The emperor quickly said, "Then keep scarlet." He prized court dress so highly that attendants carried spare scarlet and purple robes on tour; grants were rare, which made those colors a mark of honor. He valued Hanlin scholars so highly that he tracked their tenure month by month, refusing to reward favorites with rank.
63
秋，九月，丙戌，以右散騎常侍高少逸為陝虢觀察使。 有敕使過硤石，怒餅黑，鞭驛吏見血。 少逸封其餅以進。 敕使還，上責之曰：「深山中如此食豈易得！」 謫配恭陵。
In autumn, the ninth month, on bingxu, Gao Shaoyi was appointed observer of Shan-Guo. A palace envoy passing Xia Gorge, furious that his cakes were burnt, whipped the post clerk until he bled. Shaoyi sealed those cakes and sent them up to court. When the envoy returned, the emperor rebuked him: "In the deep mountains such food is hard to come by!" He was banished to Gongling.
64
立皇子洽為懷王，汭為昭王，汶為康王。
Princes Qia, Rui, and Wen were enfeoffed as Huai, Zhao, and Kang respectively.
65
上獵於苑北，遇樵夫，問其縣，曰：「涇陽人也。」 「令為誰？」 曰：「李行言。」 「為政何如？」 曰：「性執。 有強盜數人，軍家索之，竟不與，盡殺之。」 上歸，帖其名於寢殿之柱。
Hunting north of the imperial park, he met a woodcutter who said he was from Jingyang." "Who is your magistrate?" "Li Xingyan," he replied." "And his governance?" "Stubborn," said the woodcutter. When soldiers demanded several bandits, he refused and killed them all." Back at court he pasted Xingyan's name on a bedroom pillar.
66
冬，十月，行言除海州刺史，入謝。 上賜之金紫，問曰：「卿知所以衣紫乎？」 對曰：「不知。」 上命取殿柱之貼示之。
In winter, the tenth month, Xingyan was appointed prefect of Haizhou and came to give thanks. The emperor granted him gold and purple and asked whether he knew why." "I do not," he answered." The emperor showed him the pillar posting.
67
上以甘露之變，惟李訓、鄭注當死，自餘王涯、賈餗等無罪，詔皆雪其冤。
After the Sweet Dew Incident the emperor held that only Li Xun and Zheng Zhu deserved death; Wang Ya, Jia Su, and the rest were posthumously cleared.
68
上召翰林學士韋澳，托以論詩，屏左右與之語曰：「近日外間謂內侍權勢何如？」 對曰：「陛下威斷，非前朝之比。」 上閉目搖首曰：「全未，全未！ 尚畏之在。 卿謂策將安在！」 對曰：「若與外廷議之，恐有太和之變，不若就其中擇有才識者與之謀。」 上曰：「此乃末策。 朕已試之矣，自衣黃、衣綠至衣緋，皆感恩，才衣紫則相與為一矣！」 上又嘗與令狐綯謀盡誅宦官，恐濫及無辜，密奏曰：「但有罪勿捨，有闕勿補，自然漸耗，至於盡矣。」 宦者竊見其奏，由是益與朝士相惡，南北司如水火矣。
Summoning Hanlin scholar Wei Ao under pretense of discussing poetry, the emperor dismissed attendants and asked what people said of the eunuchs' power." "Your Majesty's authority far exceeds the previous reign," Ao replied." The emperor shut his eyes and shook his head: "Not at all! They are still feared. Where then is your strategy?" "Consulting the outer court risks another Taihe disaster," Ao said; "better to win over talented eunuchs." "That is the worst stratagem," said the emperor. I have tried it—from yellow to green to scarlet they were loyal; in purple they became one bloc!" He also plotted with Linghu Tao to exterminate the eunuchs; Tao secretly urged: punish the guilty, fill no vacancies, and their numbers will dwindle." Eunuchs who read the memorial grew more hostile; court and palace factions became fire and water.
69
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中九年（ 乙亥，公元八五五年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; ninth year of the Dazhong era ( yihai, 855 CE)
70
春，正月，甲申，成德軍奏節度使王元逵薨，軍中立其子節度副使紹鼎。 癸卯，以紹鼎為成德留後。
In spring, on jiashen, Chengde reported Wang Yuankui's death and the army's elevation of his son Shaoding. On guimao, Shaoding became acting commissioner.
71
二月，以醴泉令李君奭為懷州刺史。 初，上校獵渭上，有父老以十數，聚於佛祠。 上問之，對曰：「醴泉百姓也。 縣令李君奭有異政，考滿當罷，詣府乞留，故此祈佛，冀諧所願耳。」 及懷州刺史闕，上手筆除君奭，宰相莫之測。 君奭入謝，上以此獎厲，眾始知之。
In the second month, Li Junyi of Liquan was made prefect of Huaizhou. Earlier, hunting on the Wei, he had met a dozen elders at a temple. “They said they were from Liquan. Magistrate Li Junyi governed so well that when his term ended we begged the prefecture to keep him—hence this prayer." When Huaizhou fell vacant the emperor personally appointed Junyi, baffling his ministers. At his audience the emperor explained the Liquan episode, and all understood.
72
三月，詔邠寧節度使畢諴還邠州。 先是，以河、湟初附，党項未平，移邠寧軍於寧州。 至是，南山、平夏、党項皆安，威、鹽、武三州軍食足，故令還理所。
In the third month Bi Xie was ordered back to Bin Prefecture. Earlier, with He-Huang newly recovered and Tangut unrest, Binning troops had been shifted to Ningzhou. Now that Tangut affairs were quiet and frontier granaries full, the army returned to its old headquarters.
73
夏，閏四月，詔以「州縣差役不均，自今每縣據人貧富及役輕重作差科簿，送刺史檢署訖，鎖於令廳，每有役事委令，據簿輪差。」
An intercalary-fourth-month edict required counties to rank corvée by wealth and duty weight, file registers with prefects, and rotate assignments fairly."
74
五月，丙寅，以王紹鼎為成德節度使。
In the fifth month, on bingyin, Shaoding received full commission as Chengde military commissioner.
75
上聰察強記，宮中廝役給灑掃者，皆能識其姓名，才性所任，呼召使令，無差誤者。 天下奏獄吏卒姓名，一覽皆記之。 度支奏漬污帛，誤書「漬」為「清」，樞密承旨孫隱中謂上不之見，輒足成之，及中書復入，上怒，推按擅改章奏者罰謫之。
So sharp was his memory that he knew every palace servant's name, talent, and proper task. He could memorize at a glance every prisoner and clerk named in empire-wide reports. When Revenue miswrote "stained" as "clear," Sun Yinzhong altered the character; the emperor discovered it and punished unauthorized tampering with memorials.
76
上密令翰林學士韋澳纂次諸州境土風物及諸利害為一書，自寫而上之，雖子弟不知也，號曰《處分語》。 他日，鄧州刺史薛弘宗入謝，出，謂澳曰：「上處分本州事驚人。」 澳詢之，皆《處分語》中事也。 澳在翰林，上或遣中使宣旨草詔。 事有不可者，澳輒曰：「茲事須降御札，方敢施行。」 淹留至旦，上疏論之，上多從之。
He secretly had Wei Ao compile a handbook on every prefecture's terrain and interests—the "Disposition Words"—unknown even to Wei's family. “When Dengzhou prefect Xue Hongzong thanked the emperor, he told Ao he was astonished at how much the throne knew about his circuit.” Ao found every detail came from that secret book. In the Hanlin, palace envoys sometimes ordered Ao to draft edicts. “If an order was improper, Ao insisted on an autograph edict.” He delayed until dawn, memorialized, and usually prevailed.
77
秋，七月，浙東軍亂，逐觀察使李訥。 訥，遜之弟子也，性卞急，遇將士不以禮，故亂作。
In autumn, the seventh month, Zhedong troops mutinied and expelled observer Li Na. Na, kin to Li Xun's family, ruled harshly and drove his men to revolt.
78
淮南饑，民多流亡，節度使杜悰荒於游宴，政事不治。 上聞之，甲午，以門下侍郎、同平章事崔鉉同平章事，充淮南節度使。
Huainan starved and people fled while Du Cong feasted and neglected government. On jiawu the emperor sent chief minister Cui Xuan to replace Du Cong in Huainan.
79
丁酉，以悰為太子太傅、分司。
On dingyou, Cong was sidelined as grand tutor with a sinecure.
80
九月，乙亥，貶李訥為朗州刺史，監軍王宗景杖四十，配恭陵。 仍詔「自今戎臣失律，並坐監軍。」
In the ninth month, Na was demoted to Langzhou; supervisor Wang Zongjing was flogged and banished to Gongling. A new rule punished army supervisors whenever generals broke discipline."
81
以禮部侍郎沈詢為浙東觀察使。 詢，傳師之子也。
Shen Xun was sent as observer of Zhedong. Xun was Shen Chuanshi's son.
82
冬，十一月，以吏部侍郎柳仲郢為兵部侍郎，充鹽鐵轉運使。 有閭閻醫工劉集因緣交通禁中，上敕鹽鐵補場官。 仲郢上言：「醫工術精，宜補醫官。 若委務銅鹽，何以課其殿最！ 且場官賤品，非特敕所宜親，臣未敢奉詔！」 上遽批：「劉集宜賜絹百匹，遣之。」 他日，見仲郢，勞之曰：「卿論劉集事甚佳。」 上嘗若不能食，召醫工梁新診脈，治之數日，良已。 新因自陳求官，上不許，但敕鹽鐵使月給錢三十緡而已。
In winter, Liu Zhongyi became vice minister of war and salt commissioner. Physician Liu Ji curried favor in the palace and was ordered appointed to a salt-field post. “Zhongyi protested: physicians belong in medical offices. Salt posts measure revenue—how can we grade a doctor's work? Field posts are too low for imperial favor—I dare not obey!" The emperor annotated: grant Liu Ji silk and send him away." “Later he praised Zhongyi's stand on Liu Ji.” When the emperor lost his appetite, physician Liang Xin cured him in days. Xin then sought office; the emperor refused but paid him thirty strings monthly from salt funds.
83
右威衛大將軍康季榮前為涇原節度使，擅用官錢二萬緡，事覺，季榮請以家財償之。 上以季榮有開河、湟功，許之。 給事中封還敕書，諫官亦上言。 十二月，庚辰，貶季榮夔州長史。
Kang Jirong, ex-commissioner of Jingyuan, had embezzled twenty thousand strings and offered family wealth to repay. The emperor, honoring his He-Huang service, agreed. The drafting office returned the edict; censors protested. In the twelfth month, on gengchen, Jirong was demoted to Kuizhou.
84
江西觀察使鄭祗德以其子顥尚主通顯，固求散地，甲午，以祗德為賓客、分司。
Zheng Qide, whose son had married a princess, begged a quiet post and was made a ceremonial attendant at court.
85
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中十年（ 丙子，公元八五六年）
Emperor Xuānzong (posthumous titles)—the latter part of his reign; tenth year of the Dazhong era ( bingzi, 856 CE)
86
春，正月，丁巳，以御史大夫鄭朗為工部尚書、同平章事。
In spring, on dingsi, Zheng Lang joined the chief ministers as minister of works.
87
上命裴休極言時事，休請早建太子，上曰：「若建太子，則朕遂為閒人。」 休不敢復言。 二月，丙戌，休以疾辭位，不許。
Asked for candid counsel, Pei Xiu urged naming an heir; the emperor snapped that a crown prince would make him idle." Xiu fell silent. In the second month, Xiu tried to resign for illness but was refused.
88
三月，辛亥，詔以「回鶻有功於國，世為婚姻，稱臣奉貢，北邊無警。 會昌中虜廷喪亂，可汗奔亡，屬奸臣當軸，遽加殄滅。 近有降者雲，已厖歷今為可汗，尚寓安西，俟其歸復牙帳，當加冊命。」
“In the third month an edict recalled Uyghur loyalty and marriage ties. During Huichang their court collapsed and a wicked minister destroyed them. Refugees say Pangtekin still lives in Anxi as qaghan and will receive investiture when he returns."
89
上以京兆久不理，夏，五月，丁卯，以翰林學士、工部侍郎韋澳為京兆尹。 澳為人公直，既視事，豪貴斂手。 鄭光莊吏恣橫，為閭裡患，積年租稅不入，澳執而械之。 上於延英問澳，澳具奏其狀。 上曰：「卿何以處之？」 澳曰：「欲置於法。」 上曰：「鄭光甚愛之，何如？」 對曰：「陛下自內庭用臣為京兆，欲以清畿甸之積弊，若鄭光莊吏積年為蠹，得寬重辟，是陛下之法獨行於貧戶耳，臣未敢奉詔。」 上曰：「誠如此。 但鄭光□帶我不置，卿與痛杖，貸其死，可乎？」 對曰：「臣不敢不奉詔，願聽臣且系之，俟征足及釋之。」 上曰：「灼然可。 朕為鄭光故撓卿法，殊以為愧。」 澳歸府，即杖之。 督租數百斛足，乃以吏歸光。
In summer, the fifth month, Wei Ao was made capital prefect to clean up the neglected metropolis. Ao was famously upright; the mighty feared him at once. Ao shackled the bullying rent agents on Zheng Guang's estates who had withheld taxes for years. In Yanying Hall the emperor questioned him; Ao told the whole story. The emperor asked how he would punish them." "By law," Ao said." "But Zheng Guang loves them," said the emperor." "You made me prefect to purge capital abuses," Ao replied; "if Guang's men get light punishment, the law applies only to the poor—I cannot obey." "True," said the emperor. Guang will not stop pleading—flog them hard but spare their lives, can you?" "I obey," Ao said, "but let me hold them until all rents are paid." "That will do," said the emperor. I twisted the law for Zheng Guang; I am deeply ashamed." Ao went straight home and had them beaten. Once hundreds of piculs of back rent were paid, he sent the agents back to Guang.
90
六月，戊寅，以中書侍郎、同平章事裴休同平章事，充宣武節度使。
Sixth month, wuyin: Pei Xiu, vice director and chief minister, became Xuanwu military commissioner.
91
司農卿韋廑欲求夏州節度使，有術士知之，詣廑門曰：「吾善醮星辰，求官無不如意。」 廑信之，夜，設醮具於庭。 術士曰：「請公自書官階一通。」 既得之，仰天大呼曰：「韋廑有異志，令我祭天。」 廑舉家拜泣曰：「願山人賜百口之命！」 家之貨財珍玩盡與之。 邏者怪術士服鮮衣，執以為盜。 術士急，乃曰：「韋廑令我祭天，我欲告之，彼以家財求我耳。」 事上聞，秋，九月，上召廑面詰之，具知其冤，謂宰相曰：「韋廑城南甲族，為奸人所誣，勿使獄吏辱之。」 立以術士付京兆，杖死，貶廑永州司馬。
“Wei Yin wanted Xiazhou; a sorcerer promised star-altar rites that always won offices.” Yin believed him and set up the altar in his courtyard that night. “The sorcerer asked Yin to write his desired rank on a slip.” “With the slip in hand he cried out that Yin was plotting treason and had him sacrifice to Heaven.” “The family wept and begged the sorcerer to spare all their lives.” They gave him their entire fortune in valuables. Patrolmen arrested the richly dressed sorcerer as a thief. “Cornered, he claimed Yin had bribed him to perform the rite and then silenced him.” “Autumn, ninth month: the emperor heard Yin out, saw he was framed, and forbade the jailers to disgrace a great southern clan.” The sorcerer was flogged to death in the capital; Yin was demoted to Yongzhou vice-governor.
92
戶部侍郎、判戶部、附馬都尉鄭顥營求作相甚切。 其父祗德聞之，與書曰：「聞汝已判戶部，是吾必死之年； 又聞欲求宰相，是吾必死之日也。」 顥懼，累表辭劇務。
Zheng Hao, revenue vice minister and imperial son-in-law, campaigned hard for the chancellorship. His father Zhide wrote: "You now run Revenue—that is the year I die; and if you seek the chancellorship, that is the day I die." Terrified, Hao repeatedly asked to be relieved of heavy office.
93
冬，十月，乙酉，以顥為秘書監。
Winter, tenth month, yiyou: Hao was made palace librarian.
94
上遣使詣安西鎮撫回鶻，使者至靈武，會回鶻可漢遣使入貢。
Envoys sent to soothe Anxi met a Uyghur tribute mission at Lingwu.
95
十一月，辛亥，冊拜為嗢祿登裡羅汩沒密施合俱錄毘伽懷建可汗，以衛尉少卿王端章充使。
Eleventh month, xinhai: the Uyghur ruler was invested as restored qaghan; Wang Duanzhang bore the patent.
96
吏部尚書李景讓上言：「穆宗乃陛下兄，敬宗、文宗、武宗乃兄之子，陛下拜兄尚可，拜侄可乎！ 是使陛下不得親事七廟也，宜遷四主出太廟，還代宗以下入廟。」 詔百官議其事，不決而止。 時人以是薄景讓。
“Li Jingrang argued that bowing to nephews would dishonor the imperial line. He urged moving four emperors out of the main temple and restoring Daizong's line." Officials debated by edict but reached no decision. Contemporaries looked down on Jingrang.
97
敕「於靈感、會善二寺置戒壇，諸僧、尼應填闕者委長老僧選擇，給公賃，赴兩壇受戒，兩京各選大德十人主其事。 有不堪者罷之，堪者給牒，遣歸本州。 不見戒壇公牒，毋得私容。 仍先選舊僧、尼，舊僧、尼無堪者，乃選外人。」
“An edict centralized ordination at two monasteries under senior monks' selection. Unfit candidates were rejected; fit ones received licenses and went home. Private ordinations without platform certificates were forbidden. Veteran clergy were preferred; outsiders filled gaps only."
98
壬辰，以戶部侍郎、判戶部崔慎由為工部尚書、同平章事。 上每命相，左右無知者。 前此一日，令樞密宣旨於學士院，以兵部侍郎、判度支蕭鄴同平章事。 樞密使王歸長、馬公儒覆奏：「鄴所判度支應罷否？」 上以為歸長等佑之，即手書慎由名及新命付學士院，仍云「落判戶部事」。 鄴，明之八世孫也。
Renchen: Cui Shenyou became works minister and chief minister. The emperor named chancellors without telling his attendants. A day earlier Xiao Ye's appointment had been drafted for the Hanlin. “The commissioners asked whether Xiao Ye would keep fiscal affairs.” “Thinking they favored Xiao Ye, the emperor wrote in Cui Shenyou instead and stripped Ye of revenue.” Xiao Ye was Ming of Han's eighth-generation descendant.
99
內園使李敬寔遇鄭郎不避馬，郎奏之。 上責敬寔，對曰：「供奉官例不避。」 上曰：「汝銜敕命，橫絕可也，豈得私出而不避宰相乎！」 命剝色，配南牙。
Li Jingshi refused to give way to an heir-apparent cavalier, who complained. “Rebuked, Jingshi cited the exemption for palace commissioners.” “The emperor said imperial orders allowed passage, not private outings that ignored chancellors.” Jingshi was stripped of rank and sent to the southern guard.
100
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中十一年（ 丁丑，公元八五七年）
Emperor Xuānzong—below; Dazhong year eleven ( dingchou, 857 CE)
101
春，正月，丙午，以御史中丞兼尚書右丞夏侯孜為戶部侍郎、判戶部事。 先是，判戶部有缺，京兆尹韋澳奏事，上欲以澳補之。 辭曰：「臣比年心力衰耗，難以處繁劇，屢就陛下乞小鎮，聖恩未許。」 上不悅。 及歸，其甥柳玼之。 澳曰：「主上不與宰輔僉議，私慾用我，人必謂我以他歧得之，何以自明！ 且爾知時事浸不佳乎？ 由吾曹貪名位所致耳。」 丙辰，以澳為河陽節度使。 玼仲郢之子也。
Spring, first month, bingwu: Xiahou Zi took charge of revenue. A revenue vacancy opened; the emperor wanted Wei Ao for it. “Ao pleaded age and fatigue and asked again for a minor frontier post.” The emperor was displeased. His nephew Liu Can reproached him on returning home. “Ao said a private appointment would look like favoritism and ruin his name. He asked whether Liu Can saw how bad times had become. Men like us, he said, caused the decline by clinging to office." Bingchen: Ao became Heyang military commissioner. Liu Can was Liu Zhongying's son.
102
上欲幸華清宮，諫官論之甚切，上為之止。 上樂聞規諫，凡諫官論事、門下封駁，苟合於理，多屈意從之； 得大臣章疏，必焚香盥手而讀之。
Censors talked him out of visiting Huaqing Palace. He often yielded when remonstrance or Gate Bureau objections were sound; and he burned incense and washed his hands before reading ministers' papers.
103
二月，辛巳，以門下侍郎、同平章事魏謨同平章事，充西川節度使。 謨為相，議事於上前，它相或委曲規諷，謨獨正言無所避。 上每歎曰：「謨綽有祖風，我心重之」。 然竟以剛直為令狐綯所忌而出之。
Second month, xinsi: Wei Mo went out to Xichuan as chief minister. Mo alone spoke bluntly where other chancellors circled around issues. “The emperor praised Mo's grandfatherly forthrightness.” Linghu Tao's jealousy finally drove the upright Mo from court.
104
嶺南溪洞蠻屢為侵盜。
Lingnan cave tribes kept raiding the borders.
105
夏，四月，壬申，以右千牛大將軍宋涯為安南、邕管宣慰使。
Summer, fourth month, renshen: Song Ya was sent to pacify Annan.
106
五月，乙巳，以涯為安南經略使。 容州軍亂，逐經略使王球。
Fifth month, yisi: Ya became Annan military commissioner. Rongzhou troops mutinied and drove out Wang Qiu.
107
六月，癸巳，以涯為容管經略使。
Sixth month, guisi: Ya was shifted to Rongguan.
108
甲午，立皇子灌為衛王，澭為廣王。
Jiawu: Princes Guan and Zong were enfeoffed.
109
秋，七月，庚子，以兵部侍郎、判度支蕭鄴同平章事，仍判度支。
Autumn, seventh month, gengzi: Xiao Ye became chief minister while keeping fiscal affairs.
110
教坊祝漢貞，滑稽敏給，上或指物使之口占，摹詠有如宿構，由是寵冠諸優。 一日，在上前抵掌詼諧，頗及外事。 上正色謂之曰：「我畜養爾曹，正供戲笑耳，豈得輒預朝政邪！」 自是疏之。 會其子坐贓，杖死，流漢貞於天德軍。 樂工羅程，善琵琶，自武宗朝已得幸。 上素曉音律，尤有寵。 程恃恩暴橫，以睚眥殺人，系京兆獄。 諸樂工欲為之請，因上幸後苑奏樂，乃設虛坐，置琵琶，而羅拜於庭，且泣。 上問其故，對曰：「羅程負陛下，萬死，然臣等惜其天下絕藝，不復得奉宴游矣！」 上曰：「汝曹所惜者羅程藝，朕所惜者高祖、太宗法。」 竟杖殺之。
Zhu Hanzhen improvised verses on command and became the favorite performer. One day his banter strayed into state affairs. “The emperor warned that performers were for amusement, not politics.” After that he lost favor. His son's corruption cost him his life; Hanzhen was exiled north. Pipa master Luo Cheng had been favored since Wuzong. Xuānzong, a music lover, favored him most. Cheng murdered over a slight and landed in the capital jail. Musicians set out an empty seat and wept in the rear park to beg his life. “They said Cheng deserved death but his art would be lost forever.” “The emperor said they valued art; he valued Taizong's law.” Cheng was flogged to death anyway.
111
八月，成德節度使王紹鼎薨。 紹鼎沉湎無度，好登樓彈射人以為樂，眾欲逐之。 會病薨，軍中立其弟節度副命名紹懿。 戊寅，以紹懿為成德留後。
Eighth month: Wang Shaoding of Chengde died. Shaoding shot people from towers for sport until the army wanted him gone. He died; the troops made his brother Shaoyi commissioner. Wuyin: Shaoyi became Chengde acting commissioner.
112
九月，辛酉，以太子太師盧鈞同平章事，充山南西道節度使。
Ninth month, xinyou: Lu Jun went to Shannan West as chief minister.
113
冬，十月，己巳，以秦成防禦使李承勳為涇原節度使。 承勳，光弼之孫也。 先是，吐蕃酉長尚延心以河、渭二州部落來降，拜武衛將軍。 承勳利其羊馬之富，誘之入鳳林關，居秦州之西。 承勳與諸將謀執延心，誣雲謀叛，盡掠其財，徙其眾於荒遠。 延心知之，因承勳軍宴，坐中謂承勳曰：「河、渭二州，土曠人稀，因以饑疫。 唐人多內徙三川，吐蕃皆遠遁於疊宕之西，二千里間，寂無人煙。 延心欲入見天子，請盡帥部眾分徙內地，為唐百姓，使西邊永無揚塵之警，其功亦不愧於張義潮矣。」 承勳欲自有其功，猶豫未許。 延心復曰：「延心既入朝，落部內徙，但惜秦州無所復恃耳。」 承勳與諸將相顧默然。 明日，諸將言於承勳曰：「明公首開營田，置使府，擁萬兵，仰給度支，將士無戰守之勞，有耕市之利。 若從延心之謀，則西陲無事，朝廷必罷使府，省戍兵，還以秦州隸鳳翔，吾屬無所復望矣。」 承勳以為然，即奏延心為河、渭都游奕使，使統其眾居之。
Winter, tenth month, jisi: Li Chengxun took Jingyuan. He was Li Guangbi's grandson. Tibetan chief Shang Yanxin had surrendered with He and Wei tribes. Chengxun lured them through Fenglin Pass for their herds. They framed Yanxin for rebellion and looted his people. “At a feast Yanxin warned that He and Wei were empty and plague-ridden. Tang settlers filled the Three Rivers while Tibetans fled two thousand li west. He offered to resettle his tribes as Tang subjects like Zhang Yichao had." Chengxun hesitated, wanting the credit himself. “Yanxin said Qinzhou would be helpless once his people moved in.” The generals fell silent. “His officers said his command thrived on frontier farms and fiscal support. They warned that peace would abolish their lucrative command." Chengxun kept Yanxin on the border as He-Wei inspector instead.
114
中書侍郎、同平章事鄭朗以疾辭位。
Zheng Lang resigned ill.
115
壬申，以朗為太子太師。
Renshen: Lang became grand preceptor.
116
上晚節頗好神仙，遣中使迎道士軒轅集於羅浮山。
Late in life he sent for the Daoist Xuanyuan Ji on Mount Luofu.
117
王端章冊立回鶻可汗，道為黑車子所塞，不至而還。
Wang Duanzhang never reached the Uyghurs; Qara Khitai blocked the road.
118
辛卯，貶端章賀州司馬。
Xinmao: Duanzhang was demoted to Hezhou.
119
十一月，壬寅，以成德軍留後王紹懿為節度使。
Eleventh month, renyin: Shaoyi became full Chengde commissioner.
120
十二月，蕭鄴罷判度支。
Twelfth month: Xiao Ye left fiscal affairs.
121
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中十二年（ 戌寅，公元八五八年）
Emperor Xuānzong—below; Dazhong year twelve ( wuyin, 858 CE)
122
春，正月，以康王傅、分司王式為安南都護、經略使。 式有才略，至交趾，樹芀木為柵，可支數十年。 深塹其外，洩城中水，塹外植竹，寇不能冒。 選教士卒甚銳。 頃之，南蠻大至，屯錦田步，去交趾半日程。 式意思安閒，遣譯逾之，中其要害，蠻一夕引去，遣人謝曰：「我自執叛獠耳，非為寇也。」 安南都校羅行恭，久專府政，麾下精兵二千，都護中軍才羸兵數百。 式至，杖其背，黜於邊徼。
Spring, first month: Wang Shi became Annan protector and commissioner. At Jiaozhi he built ngau-wood palisades meant to last decades. A moat, drained city water, and bamboo blocked raiders. He drilled an elite garrison. Southern tribes camped half a day from Jiaozhi. “Shi's envoys hit their weak point; the Man withdrew claiming they sought rebels only.” Colonel Luo Xinggong ruled Annan with two thousand veterans against a weak protector guard. Shi flogged and exiled Xinggong.
123
初，戶部侍郎、判度支劉瑑為翰林學士，上器重之。 時為河東節度使。 手詔征入朝，瑑奏發河東，外人始知之。 戊午，以瑑同平章事。 瑑，仁軌之五世孫也。 瑑與崔慎由議政於上前，慎由曰：「惟當甄別品流，上酬萬一。」 彖曰：「昔王夷甫祖尚浮華，妄分流品，致中原丘虛。 今盛明之朝，當循名責實，使百官各稱其職； 而遽以品流為先，臣未知致理之日。」 慎由無以對。
Liu Zhuan, once Hanlin and fiscal vice minister, had been highly valued. He was then at Hedong. A secret summons reached him only when he left Hedong. Wuwu: Liu Zhuan became chief minister. He was Liu Rengui's fifth-generation descendant. “Shenyou said offices should reward pedigree.” “Zhuan cited Wang Yifu's pedigree obsession that ruined the north. He urged merit over birth in a brilliant age. Putting pedigree first, he said, would never bring order." Shenyou was silent.
124
軒轅集至長安，上召入禁中，問曰：「長生可學乎？」 對曰：「王者屏欲而崇德，則自然受天遐福，何處更求長生？」 留數月，堅求還山，乃遣之。
“The emperor asked Xuanyuan Ji whether immortality could be learned.” “Ji said virtue, not elixirs, brings long life.” After months he returned to the mountains.
125
二月，甲子朔，罷公卿朝拜光陵及忌日行香，悉移宮人於諸陵。
Second month, jiazi: Guang tomb rites ended; palace women sent to tombs.
126
戊辰，以中書侍郎、同平章事崔慎由為東川節度使。
Wuchen: Cui Shenyou went to Dongchuan.
127
上欲御樓肆赦，令狐綯曰：「御樓所費甚廣，事須有名，且赦不可數。」 上不悅，曰：「遣朕於何得名！」 慎由曰：「陛下未建儲宮，四海屬望。 若舉此禮，雖郊祀亦可，況於御樓！」 時上餌方士藥，已覺躁渴，而外人未知，疑忌方深，聞之，俯首不復言。 旬日，慎由罷相。
“Linghu Tao blocked a costly tower amnesty.” “The emperor snapped that Tao gave him no occasion for one.” “Shenyou said naming an heir would justify even suburban sacrifice. A tower amnesty was trivial compared with investiture, he said." The drug-sick emperor fell silent at the heir hint. Ten days later Shenyou left the chancellorship.
128
勃海王彝震卒。 癸未，立其弟虔晃為勃海王。
Bohai King Yizhen died. Guiwei: Qianhuang became Bohai king.
129
夏，四月，以右街使、附馬都尉劉異為邠寧節度使。 異尚安平公主，上妹也。
Summer, fourth month: Liu Yi took Binning. He had married the emperor's sister.
130
庚子，嶺南都將王令寰作亂，囚節度使楊發。 發，蘇州人也。
Gengzi: Wang Linghuan imprisoned Yang Fa. Fa came from Suzhou.
131
戊申，以兵部侍郎、鹽鐵轉運使夏侯孜同平章事。
Wushen: Xiahou Zi entered the chancellorship.
132
五月，丙寅，工部尚書、同平章事劉瑑薨。 瑑病篤，猶手疏論事，上皆惜之。
Fifth month, bingyin: Liu Zhuan died. Dying, Zhuan still memorialized; the emperor mourned each paper.
133
以右金吾大將軍李燧為嶺南節度使，已命中使賜之節，給事中蕭倣封還制書。 上方奏樂，不暇別召中使，使優人追之，節及燧門而返。 倣，俛之從父弟也。
Li Sui's Lingnan appointment was blocked when Xiao Fang returned the edict. A musician-chaser overtook the envoy at Li Sui's gate and brought the tally back. Xiao Fang was Xiao Ni's cousin.
134
辛巳，以涇原節度使李承勳為嶺南節度使，發鄰道兵討亂者，平之。
Xinsi: Li Chengxun pacified Lingnan with neighbor troops.
135
是日，湖南軍亂，都將石載順等逐觀察使韓悰，殺都押牙王桂直。 琮待將士不以禮，故及於難。
The same day Hunan troops expelled Han Cong and killed Wang Guizhi. Han Cong's discourtesy toward officers caused the mutiny.
136
六月，丙申，江西軍亂，都將毛鶴逐觀察使鄭憲。
Sixth month, bingshen: Mao He drove out Zheng Xian in Jiangxi.
137
初，安南都護李涿為政貪暴，強市蠻中馬牛，一頭止與鹽一鬥。 又殺蠻酋杜存誠。 群蠻怨怒，導南詔侵盜邊境。 峰州有林西原，舊有防冬兵六千，其旁七綰洞蠻，其酋長曰李由獨，常助中國戍守，輸租賦。 知峰州者言於涿，請罷戍兵，專委由獨防遏。 於是由獨勢孤，不能自立，南詔拓東節度使以書誘之，以甥妻其子，補拓東押牙，由獨遂帥其眾臣於南詔。 自是安南始有蠻患。 是月，蠻寇安南。
Li Zhuo had cheated tribes for horses at a picul of salt each. He murdered chief Du Cuncheng. Tribes guided Nanzhao raids in revenge. Li Youdu's seven caves had long aided Fengzhou garrisons. Officials urged Zhuo to rely on Youdu and pull the garrison. Isolated, Youdu submitted to Nanzhao through marriage and rank. Annan's tribal troubles began here. That month the Man attacked Annan.
138
秋，七月，丙寅，宣州都將康全泰作亂，逐觀察使鄭薰。 薰奔揚州。
Autumn, seventh month, bingyin: Kang Quantai expelled Zheng Xun. Xun fled to Yangzhou.
139
丁卯，右補闕內供奉張潛上疏，以為：「籓府代移之際，皆奏倉庫蓄積之數，以羨餘多為課績，朝廷亦因而甄獎。 竊惟籓府財賦，所出有常，苟非賦斂過差，及停廢將士，減削衣糧，則羨餘何從而致！ 比來南方諸鎮數有不寧，皆此故也。 一朝有變，所蓄之財悉遭剽掠。 又發兵致討，費用百倍，然則朝廷竟有何利！ 乞自今籓府長吏，不增賦斂，不減糧賜，獨節游宴，省浮費，能致羨餘者，然後賞之。」 上嘉納之。
“Zhang Qian warned that reporting warehouse surpluses encouraged abuse. Surplus, he said, could only come from extortion or starving soldiers. Southern unrest, he argued, came from false surpluses. Stored wealth would be looted in any revolt. Punitive campaigns cost far more than any gain. He asked to reward only honest surplus after cutting waste." The emperor approved.
140
容管奏都虞候來正謀叛，經略使宋涯捕斬之。 初，忠武軍精兵皆以黃冒首，號黃頭軍。 李承勳以百人定嶺南，宋涯使麾下效其服裝，亦定容州。 安南有惡民，屢為亂，聞之，驚曰：「黃頭軍度海來襲我矣！」 相與夜圍交趾城，鼓噪：「願送都護北歸，我須此城御黃頭軍。」 王式方食，或勸出避之。 式曰：「吾足一動，則城潰矣。」 徐食畢，擐甲，率左右登城，建大將旗，坐而責之，敵者反走。 明日，悉捕誅之。 有杜守澄者，自齊、梁以來擁眾據溪洞，不可制。 式離間其親黨，守澄走死。 安南饑亂相繼，六年無上供，軍中犒賞。 式始修貢賦，饗將士。 占城、真臘皆復通使。
Song Ya executed the alleged rebel Lai Zheng at Rongguan. Zhongwu's elite wore yellow headcloths—the Yellow Head Army. Chengxun's hundred Yellow Heads pacified Lingnan; Song Ya copied them at Rong. “Annan troublemakers feared the Yellow Heads had crossed the sea.” “They besieged Jiaozhi demanding the protector's removal to fight the Yellow Heads.” Some urged Wang Shi to flee during the siege. “Shi said one step would lose the city.” He finished dinner, mounted the wall, and stared them down. Next day he executed every rebel. Du Shoucheng had ruled cave lands since the Southern Dynasties. Shi split his faction until Shoucheng died fleeing. Six years passed without tribute or troop rewards. Shi restored tribute and feasted the army. Champa and Zhenla reopened relations.
141
淮南節度使崔鉉奏已出兵討宣州賊。 八月，甲午，以鉉兼宣歙觀察使。 己亥，以宋州刺史溫璋為宣州團練使。 璋，造之子也。
Cui Xuan reported troops sent against Xu rebels. Eighth month, jiawu: Cui Xuan also took Xu-She. Jihai: Wen Zhang became Xu training commissioner. Wen Zhang was Wen Zao's son.
142
河南、北、淮南大水，徐、泗水深五丈，漂沒數萬家。
Floods five zhang deep drowned tens of thousands on the Xu and Si.
143
冬，十月，建州刺史於延陵入辭，上曰：「建州去京師幾何？」 對曰：「八千里。」 上曰：「卿到彼為政善惡，朕皆知之，勿謂其遠。 此階前則萬里也，卿知之乎？」 延陵悸懾失緒，上撫而遣之。 到官，竟以不職貶復州司馬。
“Winter, tenth month: the emperor asked Yanling how far Jianzhou was.” “He answered eight thousand li.” “The emperor said distance did not hide a prefect's conduct. He said the palace steps were ten thousand li away." Terrified, Yanling was comforted and dismissed. He was demoted for incompetence once he took office.
144
令狐綯擬李遠杭州刺史，上曰：「吾聞遠詩云：『長日惟消一局棋』，安能理人！」 綯曰：「詩人托此為高興耳，未必實然。」 上曰：「且令往試觀之。」 上詔刺史毋得外徙，必令至京師，面察其能否，然後除之。 令狐綯嘗徙其故人為鄰州刺史，便道之官。 上見其謝上表，以問綯，對曰：「以其道近，省送迎耳。」 上曰：「朕以刺史多非其人，為百姓害，故欲一一見之，訪問其所施設，知其優劣以行黜陟。 而詔命既行，直廢格不用，宰相可畏有權！」 時方寒，綯汗透重裘。
‘The emperor rejected Li Yuan for a poem about playing chess all day.’ “Tao said poets exaggerate.” “The emperor said to try him anyway.” He ordered all prefects to the capital for face-to-face vetting. Tao sent a friend to a neighbor prefecture by shortcut. “Tao said he spared escorts because the post was nearby.” “The emperor said he wanted to interview every prefect because most were harmful. Yet Tao had voided the edict—the chancellor's power terrified him." In the cold Tao sweated through his furs.
145
上臨朝，接對群臣如賓客，雖左右近習，未嘗見其有惰容。 每宰相奏事，旁無一人立者，威嚴不可仰視。 奏事畢，忽怡然曰：「可以閒語矣。」 因問閭閻細事，或談宮中游宴，無所不至。 一刻許，復整容曰：「卿輩善為之，朕常恐卿輩負朕，後日不復得再相見。」 乃起入宮。 令狐綯謂人曰：「吾十年秉政，最承恩遇； 然每延英奏事，未嘗不汗沾衣也！」
At court he treated ministers as guests and never looked idle. No attendant stood near when chancellors reported; his majesty was overwhelming. Then he would relax: "We may speak at ease." He chatted about streets or palace revels. “Then he turned grave, warning they might never meet again.” And he returned to the inner palace. “Linghu Tao said ten years in power brought the greatest favor— yet every Yanying session soaked his robe with sweat."
146
初，山南東道節度使徐商，以封疆險闊，素多盜賊，選精兵數百人別置營訓練，號捕盜將。 及湖南逐帥，詔商討之。 南遣捕盜將二百人討平之。
Xu Shang trained Bandit-Catching Generals for his rugged circuit. When Hunan mutinied, Shang was ordered to suppress them. Two hundred of them pacified Hunan.
147
崔鉉奏克宣州，斬康全泰及其黨四百餘人。
Cui Xuan reported Xu taken and four hundred rebels executed.
148
上以光祿卿韋宙父丹有惠政於江西，以宙為江西觀察使，發鄰道兵以討毛鶴。
Wei Zhou was sent to Jiangxi for his father's reputation and to fight Mao He.
149
崔鉉以宣州已平，辭宣歙觀察使。 十一月，戊寅，以溫璋為宣歙觀察使。
Cui Xuan resigned Xuan-She once Xu was pacified. Eleventh month, wuyin: Wen Zhang took Xuan-She.
150
兵部侍部、判戶部蔣伸從容言於上曰：「近日官頗易得，人思僥倖。」 上驚曰：「如此，則亂矣！」 對曰：「亂則未亂，但僥倖者多，亂亦非難。」 上稱歎再三。 伸三起，上三留之，曰：「異日不復得獨對卿矣。」 伸不諭。 十二月，甲寅，以伸同平章事。
“Jiang Shen warned that offices came too easily and bred opportunism.” “The emperor cried that such ease would bring chaos.” “Jiang Shen said chaos was not far off.” The emperor sighed his approval repeatedly. “Three times Shen rose; three times the emperor kept him, saying they might not meet alone again.” Shen did not understand. Twelfth month, jiayin: Jiang Shen became chief minister.
151
韋宙奏克洪州，斬毛鶴及其黨五百餘人。 宙過襄州，徐商遣都將韓季友帥捕盜將從行。 宙至江州，季友請夜帥其眾自陸道間行，比明，至洪州，州人不知，即日討平之，宙奏留捕盜將二百人於江西，以季友為都虞候。
Wei Zhou reported Hongzhou taken and five hundred rebels killed. At Xiangyang, Xu Shang lent Han Jiyou's Bandit-Catchers to Zhou. They marched by night, seized Hongzhou at dawn, and left two hundred Bandit-Catchers in Jiangxi.
152
宣宗元聖至明成武獻文睿智章仁神聰懿道大孝皇帝下大中十三年（ 己卯，公元八五九年）
Emperor Xuānzong—below; Dazhong year thirteen ( jimao, 859 CE)
153
春，正月，戊午朔，赦天下。
Spring, first month, wuwu: general amnesty.
154
三月，割河東雲、蔚、朔三州隸大同軍。
Third month: three Hedong prefectures went to Datong.
155
夏，四月，辛卯，以校書郎-{于}-琮為左拾遺內供奉。 初，上欲以悰尚永福公主，既而中寢。 宰相請其故，上曰：「朕近與此女子會食，對朕輒折匕箸。 性情如是，豈可為士大夫妻！」 乃更命悰尚廣德公主。 二公主皆上女。 琮，敖之子也。
Summer, fourth month, xinmao: Yu Cong became left remonstrance. He had planned to marry Cong to Princess Yongfu, then dropped it. “He said she broke chopsticks at dinner before him. Such temper, he said, unfit her for a minister's household." He married Cong to Princess Guangde instead. Both were imperial daughters. Yu Cong was Yu Ao's son.
156
武寧節度使康季榮不恤士卒，士卒噪而逐之。 上以左金吾大將軍田牟嘗鎮徐州，有能名，復以為武寧節度使，一方遂安。 貶季榮於嶺南。
Kang Jirong neglected troops and was expelled. Tian Mou, once popular at Xuzhou, restored order at Wuning. Jirong was banished to Lingnan.
157
六月，癸巳，封憲宗子惕為彭王。 初，上長子鄆王溫，無寵，居十六宅，餘子皆居禁中。 夔王滋，第三子也，上愛之，欲以為嗣，為其非次，故久不建東宮。
Sixth month, guisi: Prince Ti of Peng was enfeoffed. The eldest, Prince Wen of Yun, lived unfavored in the Sixteen Houses. He loved third son Zi of Kui but delayed the heir for order of birth.
158
上餌醫官李玄伯、道士虞紫芝、山人王樂藥，疽發於背。
Court drugs from Li Xuanbo, Yu Zizhi, and Wang Leyao brought a back abscess.
159
八月，疽甚，宰相及朝臣皆不得見，上密以夔王屬樞密使王歸長、馬公儒、宣徽南院使王居方，使立之。 三人及右軍中尉王茂玄，皆上平日所厚也。 獨左軍中尉王宗實素不同心，三人相與謀，出宗實為淮南監軍。 宗實已受敕於宣化門外，將自銀台門出。 左軍副使亓元實謂宗實曰：「聖人不豫逾月，中尉止隔門起居，今日除改，未可辨也。 何不見聖人而出！」 宗實感寤，復入，諸門已踵故事增人守捉矣。 亓元實翼導宗實直至寢殿，上已崩，東首環泣矣。 宗實叱歸長等，責以矯詔，皆捧足乞命。 乃遣宣徽北院使齊元簡迎鄆王。 壬辰，下詔立鄆王為皇太子，權句當軍國政事，仍更名漼。 收歸長、公儒、居方，皆殺之。
In eighth month he secretly named Kui prince heir through Wang Guichang and allies. They and Wang Maoxuan were longtime favorites. They plotted to exile rival eunuch Wang Zongshi to Huainan. Zongshi was leaving through Yintai Gate with his order. “Qi Yuanshi urged Zongshi to see the emperor before leaving. See the emperor first, he said." Zongshi turned back; every gate was heavily guarded. They found the emperor dead; attendants wept by the bed. Zongshi accused them of forging the succession edict. He sent Qi Yuanjian to fetch Prince Wen of Yun. Renchen: Prince Yun became heir Cui. Guichang, Gongru, and Jufang were executed.
160
癸巳，宣遺制，以令狐綯攝塚宰。
Guisi: Linghu Tao became funeral regent.
161
宣宗性明察沉斷，用法無私，從諫如流，重惜官賞，恭謹節儉，惠愛民物，故大中之政，訖於唐亡，人思詠之，謂之小太宗。
Xuānzong's Dazhong reign was remembered as a small Taizong until Tang's fall.
162
丙申，懿宗即位。
Bingchen: Yizong succeeded.
163
癸卯，尊皇太后為太皇太后。 以王宗實為驃騎上將軍。 李玄伯、虞紫芝、王樂皆伏誅。
Guimao: the empress dowager became grand empress dowager. Wang Zongshi became general of chariots and cavalry. The physicians and alchemists were executed.
164
九月，追尊上母晁昭容為元昭皇太后。
Ninth month: Lady Chao was honored as Grand Empress Dowager Yuanzhao.
165
加魏博節度使何弘敬兼中書令，幽州節度使張允伸同平章事。
He Hongjing gained the secretariat; Zhang Yunshen the chancellorship.
166
冬，十月，辛卯，赦天下。
Winter, tenth month, xinmao: general amnesty.
167
十一月，戊午，以門下侍郎、同平章事蕭鄴同平章事，充荊南節度使。
Eleventh month, wuwu: Xiao Ye went to Jingnan.
168
十二月，甲申，以翰林學士承旨、兵部侍郎杜審權同平章事。 審權，元穎之弟孫也。
Twelfth month, jiashen: Du Shenquan entered the chancellorship. Du Shenquan was Yuan Ying's grandnephew.
169
浙東賊帥裘甫攻陷象山，官軍屢敗，明州城門晝閉，進逼剡縣，有眾百人，浙東騷動。 觀察使鄭祗德遣討擊副使劉勍、副將范居植將兵三百，合台州軍共討之。
Bandit Qiu Fu seized Xiangshan and alarmed eastern Zhe. Zheng Zhude sent Liu Xin and Fan Juzhi with three hundred men.
170
司空、門下侍郎、同平章事令狐綯執政歲久，忌勝己者，中外側目，其子滈頗招權受賄。 宣宗既崩，言事者競攻其短。
Long in power, Linghu Tao envied rivals; his son Hao sold offices. After Xuānzong's death, critics assailed Tao.
171
丁酉，以綯同平章事，充河中節度使。 以前荊南節度使、同平章事白敏中守司徒、兼門下侍郎、同平章事。
Dingyou: Linghu Tao was sent to Hezhong. Bai Minzhong became defender of the excellency and chief minister again.
172
初，韋皋在西川，開青溪道以通群蠻，使由蜀入貢。 又選群蠻子弟聚之成都，教以書數，欲以慰悅羈縻之。 業成則去，復以他子弟繼之。 如是五十年，群蠻子弟學於成都者殆以千數，軍府頗厭於稟給。 又，蠻使入貢，利於賜與，所從傔人浸多，杜悰為西川節度使，奏請節減其數，詔從之。 南詔豐祐怒，其賀冬使者留表付巂州而還。 又索習學子弟，移牒不遜，自是入貢不時，頗擾邊境。 會宣宗崩，遣中使告哀，時南詔豐祐適卒，子酋龍立，怒曰：「我國亦有喪，朝廷不弔祭。 又詔書乃賜故王。」 遂置使者於外館，禮遇甚薄。 使者還，具以狀聞。 上以酋龍不遣使來告喪，又名近玄宗諱，遂不行冊禮。 酋龍乃自稱皇帝，國號大禮，改元建極，遣兵陷播州。
Earlier Wei Gao had opened the Qingxi road for Man tribute through Shu. He also gathered sons of frontier tribes at Chengdu to teach literacy and arithmetic, hoping to win over those under loose suzerainty. When they finished their studies they left, and fresh recruits took their places. For fifty years nearly a thousand tribal students passed through Chengdu, and the command grew weary of feeding them. Tribute missions from the south grew their retinues to maximize gifts; Du Cong of Xichuan asked to cap their numbers, and the court agreed. Fengyou of Nanzhao was furious; his winter-greeting envoy dropped the memorial at Xizhou and went home. He again demanded the Chengdu students in insulting terms; tribute became irregular and the frontier grew troubled. When Xuānzong died, Tang envoys announced the mourning just as Fengyou of Nanzhao died and his son Qulong succeeded; Qulong raged: "We too are in mourning, yet the court sends no condolences. And your edict was addressed to our late king." He housed the envoys in an outer lodge with scant courtesy. The envoys returned and reported everything. Because Qulong had not announced his father's death and his name skirted Xuanzong's taboo, the emperor withheld investiture. Qulong declared himself emperor of Great Li, adopted the era Jianji, and seized Bo Prefecture by force.