Deng Chengxiu (鄧承修)

Overview

Deng Chengxiu was an official and Diplomat.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Tiexiang	鐵香	Tiexiang
Nickname	Iron Han	鐵漢	Tiehan

Life and dates

Death

AD 1891 十七年
At Huizhou 惠州
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 226

Attested activity

AD 1882 光緒八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 188
AD 1875 光緒初
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 179
AD 1871 to AD 1884 光緒初清流黨活動時期
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 142
AD 1882 八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 437, passage 56
AD 1884 其夏
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 193
AD 1891 十七年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 226

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AD 1887 十三年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 224
AD 1886 十二年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 216
AD 1888 十四年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 225
AD 1884 十年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 192
AD 1861 咸豐十一年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 177
AD 1879 to AD 1885 承修以搏擊為能
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 258
AD 1885 明年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 203
AD 1882 to AD 1883 時朝鮮亂平，琉球案未結
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 190
AD 1883 越南亂作，法人襲順化
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 191

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Father of Deng Chengxiu
father 父
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 178
Child of Mother of Deng Chengxiu (鄧承修母)
mother 母
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 225

Key source chapters

Career and standing

head lecturer at Fenghu Academy 主講豐湖書院
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 225
Chief of the Court of State Ceremonial 鴻臚寺卿
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 200
Supervising Secretary 給事中
Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 189
secretary in the Board of Punishments 郎分刑部
Purchased and assigned
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 177
former office restored 故官
AD 1875 to AD 1876 光緒初 · Resumed
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 179
Minister of the Zongli Yamen for Foreign Affairs 總理各國事務大臣
Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 200

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Censor 御史
Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 178
Received
AD 1887 十三年 · Restored to rank
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 224
Resigned for illness
AD 1888 十四年 · Retirement
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 225
Suffered
Demotion · Reason rescuing Fan Gongxu
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 202
demotion in rank 鐫秩
Suffered
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 202

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passages 142, 177, 190, 200, 258
At Guishan, Guangdong 廣東歸善
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 176
AD 1891 十七年
At Huizhou 惠州 · Relation Died at
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 226
AD 1885 明年
At Tianjin 天津 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 203
At Guangxi 廣西 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 205
AD 1888 十四年
Organization Fenghu Academy 豐湖書院 · Relation Head lecturer of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 225

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Organization Qingliu Party 清流黨 · Relation Member of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 142
Organization Qingliu 清議 · Relation Leader of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 180

Learning and skills

Earned
AD 1861 咸豐十一年 · Credential provincial graduate 舉人
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 177

Works and attributed material

Treatises on Foreign Relations 邦交志
Relation Subject of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 223
Denounced customs embezzlement
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 182
Denounced examination gambling contributions
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 181
Impeached officials
AD 1875 to AD 1882 光緒初至雲南報銷案前 · Memorial · Author
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 185
Impeached Wang Wenshao over Yunnan case
AD 1882 光緒八年 · Memorial · Author · With Wang Wenshao (王文韶)
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 188
Proposed eight measures against official corruption
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 184

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Proposed seven examination reforms
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 183
Urged dismissal of Zuo Baojun Wang
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 187
Urged recall of Zuo Zongtang
Memorial · Author · With Zuo Zongtang (左宗棠)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 186
Memorial · Author · Count 13
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 201
AD 1884 其夏
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 193
AD 1887 十三年
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 224
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passages 190-191, 194, 196-199
Telegram memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passages 208-214

Events and relationships

Concluded definitive boundary agreement
Diplomatic · Signatory
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 223
Disputed boundary survey order
Diplomatic · Negotiator · With Bourée (浦理燮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 206
Impeached for ruining campaign
AD 1884 十年 · Political · Impeacher · With Zhao Wo (趙沃)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 192
Impeached for ruining campaign
AD 1884 十年 · Political · Impeacher · With Huang Guilan (黃桂蘭)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 192
Impeached for Vietnam losses
AD 1884 十年 · Political · Impeacher · With Xu Yanxu (徐延旭)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 192
Impeached for Vietnam losses
AD 1884 十年 · Political · Impeacher · With Tang Jiong (唐炯)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 192

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Impeached peace memorial
Political · Impeacher · With Li Hongzhang (李鴻章)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 194
Memorialized to rescue
Political · Advocate · With Fan Gongxu (樊恭煦)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 202
Met French envoy for boundary survey
Diplomatic · Border commissioner · With Bourée (浦理燮)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 205
Negotiated treaty
AD 1885 明年 · Diplomatic · Assistant negotiator · With Li Hongzhang (李鴻章)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 203
Practiced fierce denunciation
AD 1879 to AD 1885 承修以搏擊為能 · Political · Censorial attacker
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 258
Requested home leave
Personal · Petitioner
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 204
Resisted cession proposals
Diplomatic · Negotiator · With Dillon (狄隆)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passages 219-221
Returned home on bereavement
Ritual · Mourner
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 178
Urged Yantai minister fleet patrol and Wu garrison
Political · Memorialist
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 190
Relation Colleague of · Person Pan Yantong (潘衍桐)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 194
Relation Assisted · Person Li Hongzhang (李鴻章)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 203
Relation Colleague of · Person Zhang Peilun (張佩綸)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 180

Assessments and attributes

Assessment indignant at Li Hongzhang hostility to Liu Yongfu fighting spirit · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 194
Assessment made-fierce-denunciation-his-talent-ridiculed-by-men-of-principle · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 258

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 176

References in the histories

Search passages

History

12 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 437Volume 437 Biographies 224: Rong Lu, Wang Wenshao, Zhang Zhidong, Qu Hongji · 1 passage

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八年，御史洪良品、鄧承修劾雲南軍需案，文韶坐失察，奪二級。 In the eighth year Censors Hong Liangpin and Deng Chengxiu impeached officials in the Yunnan military supplies scandal; Wenshao was held negligent and stripped of two ranks.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 444Volume 444 Biographies 231: Huang Tifang, Zong Shibaoting, Zong Shishengyu, Zhang Peilun, Deng Chengxiu, Xu Zhixiang · 11 passages

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是時吳大澂、陳寶琛好論時政，與寶廷、鄧承修輩號「清流黨」，而佩綸尤以糾彈大臣著一時。 At this time Wu Dacheng and Chen Baochen were outspoken on current affairs; with Baoting, Deng Chengxiu, and others they were known as the "Qingliu Party", while Peilun was especially famed for impeaching senior officials.

鄧承修，字鐵香，廣東歸善人。 Deng Chengxiu, whose courtesy name was Tiexiang, came from Guishan in Guangdong.

與張佩綸等主持清議，多彈擊，號曰「鐵漢」。 With Zhang Peilun and others he led the Qingliu faction's moral criticism, impeaching officials relentlessly, and was known as the "Iron Han".

其夏，法人原媾和，承修聯合臺諫上書，極言和議難恃。 That summer, when the French sought peace, Chengxiu joined censors and remonstrators in memorials declaring peace talks untrustworthy.

於是承修再陳三策：「法所恃為援者西貢、東京。 Chengxiu then proposed three stratagems: "France's bases of support are Saigon and Tonkin.

浦理燮欲先勘原界，承修據約先欲改正界限，不相下，乃陽以文淵、保樂、海寧歸我，而陰電其駐京使臣，詆承修違約爭執，謂非先勘原界，勢將罷議。 Bourée wanted to survey the old boundary first; Chengxiu, citing the treaty, insisted on correcting the line first, and neither would yield. Bourée openly offered Wenyuan, Baole, and Haining to China while secretly cabling his minister in Beijing to accuse Chengxiu of violating the treaty, warning that unless the old boundary were surveyed first talks would collapse.

承修遂有三難二害之電奏，略言：「附界居民，不願隸法，先勘原界，慮滋事變，難一。 Chengxiu then telegraphed a memorial listing three difficulties and two harms: "Border inhabitants refuse French rule; surveying the old boundary first risks unrest—the first difficulty.

承修指圖籍抗爭，狄使不能屈，欲分白龍尾半之左歸我而右歸越。 Chengxiu cited maps and records and held firm; unable to prevail, the envoys proposed splitting Bailongwei, the left half to China and the right to Vietnam.

承修以其地為欽海外戶，法得之則內偪防城，外斷東興、思勒，是無欽、廉也。 Chengxiu argued that the district was Qinzhou's maritime gateway: in French hands it would threaten Fangcheng inland and sever Dongxing and Sile seaward—Qin and Lian would be lost.

朝廷慮啟邊釁，命先勘欽西至桂省全界，承修遂與訂定清約，語詳邦交志。 Fearing a border clash, the court ordered a survey of the full boundary from Qinzhou west through Guangxi; Chengxiu then signed the definitive agreement, described in detail in the treatises on foreign relations.

承修以搏擊為能，致祥以誕妄受責，君子譏之。 Chengxiu made a career of fierce denunciation; Zhixiang was punished for absurd arguments—thoughtful men held both in low regard.