Möngke 蒙哥

Names

Identity

Historicity

Historical

Identification

Named

Sex

Male

• Sex: male
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:002:s0012, yuanshi:003:s0001

Roles

• General
• Royal Family Member
• Ruler

Family

• Child of Empress Anggwi (昂灰皇后)
  Kinship Term: brought him up / 撫育之 · Parentage: foster · Subject Role: foster mother · Object Role: foster son · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太宗在潛邸 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1209 · End: AD 1229
• Child of Ögedei (窩闊台)
  Kinship Term: raised as his son / 養以為子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: adopted son · Object Role: adoptive father · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太宗在潛邸 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1209 · End: AD 1229
• Spouse of Huolicha (火裏差)
  Kinship Term: consort / 妃 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: formed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 既長 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1209 · End: AD 1232
• Kin of Ögedei (窩闊台)
  Kinship Term: imperial nephew / 皇侄 · Subject Role: nephew · Object Role: uncle · Generation Distance: 1 · Line: paternal
• Child of Tolui (拖雷)
  Kinship Term: eldest son / 長子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: eldest son · Object Role: father · Subject Birth Order: 1 · Line: paternal
  Kinship Term: imperial nephew / 皇侄 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
• Parent of Bian Du (辨都)
  Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
• Parent of Asudai (阿速帶)
  Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
• Sibling of Kublai (忽必烈)
  Kinship Term: imperial younger brother / 皇弟 · Subject Relative Age: elder · Subject Role: elder brother · Object Role: younger brother
• Child of Sorghaghtani Beki (唆魯禾帖尼)
  Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother · Line: maternal

Career and standing

• Title: Emperor / 皇帝 · Action: enthroned · Place: the Onon River / 斡難河 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年辛亥夏六月 · Regnal Year: 1 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 6 · Western Year: AD 1251
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0029

Places and affiliations

• Place: Yilibenduoha / 也裏本朵哈 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午春正月朔 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Day Of Month: 1 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0144
• Place: Shihui / 失灰 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子春正月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0051
• Place: Qeqen Chaqan / 怯蹇叉罕 · Relation: hunted-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年癸丑春正月 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Western Year: AD 1253
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0064
• Place: north of Zhongguishan / 重貴山北 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年己未春正月乙巳朔 · Regnal Year: 9 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Sexagenary Day: 乙巳 · Western Year: AD 1259
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0210
• Place: Yedige Qulan / 月帖古忽闌 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0061
• Place: Baofeng / 寶峰 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0175
• Place: Gaofeng / 高峰 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0184
• Place: Jianmen / 劍門 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0178
• Place: Wangi / 汪吉 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年癸丑…冬十二月 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1253
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0080
• Place: Yunshan / 運山 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0199
• Place: Dongsheng / 東勝 · Relation: crossed-the-river-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 2 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0157
• Place: Yilihaiya / 也裏海牙 · Relation: hunted-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 2 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0148
• Place: Tamir / 塔密兒 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…夏四月 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0112
• Place: Liupan Mountain / 六盤山 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…夏四月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0160
• Place: Sire Ordo / 昔剌兀魯朵 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…五月 · Regnal Year: 6 · Lunar Month: 5 · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0113
• Place: Qorqonaq Buir / 火兒忽納要不兒 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年癸丑…夏六月 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 6 · Western Year: AD 1253
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0072
• Place: Yier-ata / 䚟亦兒阿塔 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…六月 · Regnal Year: 6 · Lunar Month: 6 · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0115
• Place: Hanzhong / 漢中 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…九月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 9 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0173
• Place: Karakorum / 和林 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…夏 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: summer · Western Year: AD 1252
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0053
• Place: Jünna'ur / 軍腦兒 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年癸丑…秋 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: autumn · Western Year: AD 1253
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0076
• Place: Qeqen Chaqan / 怯蹇叉罕 · Relation: hunted-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅春 · Regnal Year: 4 · Season: spring · Western Year: AD 1254
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0083
• Place: Yürümiq Tütu / 月兒滅怯土 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅…夏 · Regnal Year: 4 · Season: summer · Western Year: AD 1254
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0084
• Place: Yemüqan Qariqai / 也滅干哈里叉海 · Relation: hunted-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅…冬 · Regnal Year: 4 · Season: winter · Western Year: AD 1254
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0087
• Place: Yier-mieqietu / 月兒滅怯土 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 五年乙卯…夏 · Regnal Year: 5 · Season: summer · Western Year: AD 1255
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0103
• Place: Ataha-teqirmen / 阿塔哈帖乞兒蠻 · Relation: encamped-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…冬 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: winter · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0124
• Place: Hulan-yierji / 忽闌也兒吉 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳春 · Regnal Year: 7 · Season: spring · Western Year: AD 1257
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0126
• Place: Yulongzhan / 玉龍棧 · Relation: travelled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…冬 · Regnal Year: 7 · Season: winter · Western Year: AD 1257
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0142

Works and attributed material

• Kind: edict · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年癸丑…夏六月 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 6 · Western Year: AD 1253 · Statement: admonition to Prince Batu on the squandering of Taizu and Ögedei's wealth, counting the thousand ingots against his yearly grant · Addressee Person Id: Batu (拔都)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0073, yuanshi:003:s0074, yuanshi:003:s0075
• Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年己未春正月乙巳朔 · Regnal Year: 9 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Sexagenary Day: 乙巳 · Western Year: AD 1259 · Statement: 「今在宋境，夏暑且至，汝等其謂可居否乎？」 — asked the princes, imperial sons-in-law and officials whether the army could remain in Song territory through the coming summer heat
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0210
• Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…九月 · Regnal Year: 7 · Lunar Month: 9 · Western Year: AD 1257 · Statement: 「方今百姓疲弊，所急者錢爾，朕獨有此何為？」 — the people are worn out and need money, so what use are such things to him alone
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0134
• Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘗攻欽察部 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1235 · End: AD 1241 · Statement: 「此天開道與我也。」 — "Heaven has cleared a path for me."
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0012

Events and relationships

• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: advanced with an army of forty thousand proclaimed as one hundred thousand in three columns, entering San Pass from Longzhou · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…夏四月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Place: San Pass / 散關
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0162
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: asked his ministers for men capable of holding the frontiers firm and versed in military strategy · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅…是歲 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1254
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0091
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: assembled the princes north of the Onon and rewarded them generously · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年癸丑春正月 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Western Year: AD 1253 · Place: north of the Onon / 斡難河北
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0066
• Kind: ritual · Role: principal · Action: assembled the princes west of Gegen Na'ur and sacrificed to Heaven at Sun-and-Moon Mountain · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅…是歲 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1254 · Place: Sun-and-Moon Mountain / 日月山
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0089
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: attacked the Qipchaq tribe, whose chieftain Bachman fled to a sea island · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘗攻欽察部 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1235 · End: AD 1241 · Other Person Id: Bachman (八赤蠻)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0010, yuanshi:003:s0011
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: campaigned with Prince Batu against the Rus', fought hand to hand at Yaroslavl and took the city · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 復與諸王拔都征斡羅思部 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1237 · End: AD 1240 · Other Person Id: Batu (拔都) · Place: Yaroslavl / 也烈贊城
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0019
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: convened a council to campaign against the Song because they had defied his orders and imprisoned his envoys · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…六月 · Regnal Year: 6 · Lunar Month: 6 · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0117
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: crossed the Jialing River to the Baishui, had Tiange build a pontoon bridge, and rewarded him and his men with gold and silk · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Other Person Id: Wang Tiange (汪田哥)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0177
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: decreed that officials coming to court for fiscal audits might confess past irregularities and still be pardoned, and forbade further wasteful spending · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅…秋七月 · Regnal Year: 4 · Season: autumn · Lunar Month: 7 · Western Year: AD 1254
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0086
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: defeated Qipchaq and captured Bachman · Other Person Id: Bachman (八赤蠻) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年丁酉 · Western Year: AD 1237
  Explicit · yuanshi:002:s0119
• Kind: diplomatic · Role: principal · Action: dispatched envoys to summon Longzhou to submit · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Place: Longzhou / 龍州
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0183
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: dispersed the princes to assigned territories · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…夏 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: summer · Western Year: AD 1252
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0054, yuanshi:003:s0055
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: divided the Muslim populace that submitted on the Amu River and granted them to princes and officials · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…冬 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: winter · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0125
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: entered Lizhou and granted Wang Tiange a cup of wine in commendation for holding it so ably that Shu never dared attack · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Other Person Id: Wang Tiange (汪田哥)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0176
• Kind: military · Role: participant · Action: followed on campaigns and repeatedly won extraordinary merit · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 從征伐，屢立奇功 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1232 · End: AD 1248
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0009
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: gathered princes and officials at Yier-mogedu, feasted more than sixty days, granted gold and silk, and fixed the princes' annual allotments · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰春 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: spring · Western Year: AD 1256 · Place: Yier-mogedu / 欲兒陌哥都
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0110
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: granted Li Tan's plea that the troops of Yidu not be withdrawn · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…夏四月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Other Person Id: Li Tan (李璮) · Outcome: granted
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0164, yuanshi:003:s0165
• Kind: legal · Role: principal · Action: had a soldier who pulled up scallions from civilian fields beheaded as an example, after which not the slightest thing was touched · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…五月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 5 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0168, yuanshi:003:s0169
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: had five hundred artisan households relocated to build the traveling palace · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…十二月戊午 · Regnal Year: 2 · Lunar Month: 12 · Sexagenary Day: 戊午 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0246
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: halted at Hexikou and sent swift cavalry to raid Qingju Mountain · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十一月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 11 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Place: Hexikou / 和溪口
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0193
• Kind: ritual · Role: principal · Action: halted at Jünna'ur and poured fermented mare's milk in sacrifice to Heaven · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…秋 · Regnal Year: 7 · Season: autumn · Western Year: AD 1257 · Place: Jünna'ur / 軍腦兒
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0130
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: halted the corvée building Karakorum, releasing fifteen hundred laborers · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年辛亥 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1251 · Place: Karakorum / 和林
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0049
• Kind: personal · Role: subject · Action: injured his arm falling from his horse while hunting and did not hold court for more than a hundred days · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0062
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: left the baggage train at Liupan Mountain and led troops through Baoji to attack Chongguishan, pacifying every place reached · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…秋七月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: autumn · Lunar Month: 7 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0171
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: ordered an immediate withdrawal on hearing Bachman's warning of the returning tide · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘗攻欽察部 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1235 · End: AD 1241 · Other Person Id: Bachman (八赤蠻)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0017, yuanshi:003:s0018
• Kind: political · Role: subject · Action: ordered back to his own princely establishment after Ruizong (Tolui) died · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 及睿宗薨 · Western Year: AD 1232 · Place: his princely establishment / 籓邸
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0008
• Kind: legal · Role: principal · Action: ordered by edict that the armies take no captives and do no plundering · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0205
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: ordered the first registration of the new troops (初籍新軍) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年甲寅…是歲 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1254
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0090
• Kind: military · Role: principal · Action: ordered the princes by edict to take the field against the Song · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳春 · Regnal Year: 7 · Season: spring · Western Year: AD 1257
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0127
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: ordered the princes each to return to their appanages and dwell there · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…秋七月 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: autumn · Lunar Month: 7 · Western Year: AD 1256
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0118
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: partly compensated the Uighurs for their treasures after Sayyid Ajall spoke for them, and forbade further such gifts · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…九月 · Regnal Year: 7 · Lunar Month: 9 · Western Year: AD 1257 · Other Person Id: Saiyid Ajall (賽典赤)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0136
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: personally directed the army in the first assault on Eding Fort and in the hard fighting at Wangxi Gate · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十一月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 11 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0186, yuanshi:003:s0187
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…十二月戊午 · Regnal Year: 2 · Lunar Month: 12 · Sexagenary Day: 戊午 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0240
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: promulgated beneficial measures throughout the realm: recalling improperly issued seals, edicts and commissions, limiting princes' post horses, forbidding private recruitment of households and extortion by officials, and allowing grain delivery at nearer granaries · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年辛亥 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1251
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0044, yuanshi:003:s0045, yuanshi:003:s0046, yuanshi:003:s0047, yuanshi:003:s0048
• Kind: political · Role: subject · Action: proposed for the throne by Batu at the assembly of princes and generals at Alagh Tagh · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 歲戊申，定宗崩 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1248 · End: AD 1251 · Other Person Id: Batu (拔都) · Place: Alagh Tagh / 阿剌脫忽剌兀
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0021, yuanshi:003:s0028
• Kind: legal · Role: principal · Action: rebuked Prince Asudai for trampling the people's crops and had several attendants flogged · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…五月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 5 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Other Person Id: Asudai (阿速帶)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0167
• Kind: diplomatic · Role: host · Action: received at court King Xicuofu of Poli, the Yunnan chieftain Moheluo-cuo, and envoys from the Sultan states · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…是歲 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 1256 · Other Person Id: Xicuofu (細嵯甫)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0120
• Kind: ritual · Role: principal · Action: received the court's congratulations on New Year's Day of the eighth year · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午春正月朔 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Day Of Month: 1 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0144
• Kind: political · Role: host · Action: received the magistrates of the commanderies and counties in audience at Liupan Mountain · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…夏四月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0160
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: received the surrender of the magistrate holding Long Prefecture · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Place: Long Prefecture / 隆州 · Outcome: surrender accepted
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0203
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: reformed the government at large and distributed the chief offices of the realm · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年辛亥 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1251
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0033, yuanshi:003:s0034, yuanshi:003:s0035, yuanshi:003:s0036, yuanshi:003:s0037, yuanshi:003:s0038, yuanshi:003:s0039, yuanshi:003:s0040, yuanshi:003:s0041, yuanshi:003:s0042
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: rewarded in varying measure the magistrates of the districts the army passed through · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…五月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 5 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0170
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: sent Bulghu with troops to guard against the princes who failed to appear on time · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年辛亥 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1251 · Other Person Id: Bulghu (不憐吉䚟)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0032
• Kind: diplomatic · Role: principal · Action: sent edicts to the Song garrison commanders of Jingnan, Xiangyang, Fancheng and Junzhou inviting them to submit · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…秋七月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: autumn · Lunar Month: 7 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0058
• Kind: legal · Role: principal · Action: sent envoys to demand an accounting from Prince Tachar and the imperial son-in-law Teligai for plundering the people of Dongping · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年丙辰…秋七月 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: autumn · Lunar Month: 7 · Western Year: AD 1256 · Other Person Id: Tachar (塔察兒)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0119
• Kind: diplomatic · Role: principal · Action: sent envoys to summon those who had not yet submitted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0202
• Kind: political · Role: principal · Action: sent Prince Hulagu and Mangqasar with troops to watch Shiremün and his discontented brothers · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年辛亥 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1251 · Other Person Id: Hulagu (旭烈兀)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0031
• Kind: diplomatic · Role: principal · Action: sent the Song man Jin Guobao to summon Wang Jian, defending commander of He Prefecture · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Other Person Id: Jin Guobao (晉國寶)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0208
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: slaughtered Bachman's force, captured Bachman and ordered him imprisoned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘗攻欽察部 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1235 · End: AD 1241 · Other Person Id: Bachman (八赤蠻)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0013, yuanshi:003:s0015
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: stormed Ya Prefecture and took it · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 12 · Western Year: AD 1258 · Place: Ya Prefecture / 雅州 · Outcome: captured
  Strongly inferred · yuanshi:003:s0206
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: took personal command of the campaign against the Song, entering by way of western Shu · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…二月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 2 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0149, yuanshi:003:s0150, yuanshi:003:s0151
• Kind: ritual · Role: principal · Action: visited Taizu's traveling palace, sacrificed to the banners and drums, assembled at Kerulen and returned to Yier-mieqietu · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…夏六月 · Regnal Year: 7 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 6 · Western Year: AD 1257 · Other Person Id: Taizu (太祖) · Place: Kerulen / 怯魯連
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0129
• Kind: political · Role: host · Action: was met by Kublai and the princes and Princess Tuomiegan, held a great banquet, and sent each back to his appanage · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…冬 · Regnal Year: 7 · Season: winter · Western Year: AD 1257 · Other Person Id: Kublai (忽必烈)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0143
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: was rejoined at the mobile court by Prince Mögedü and Prince Tachar · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年戊午…十一月 · Regnal Year: 8 · Lunar Month: 11 · Western Year: AD 1258
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0195

Assessments and attributes

• Assessment: approved of Baraq's offer to remain and hold the southern lands (帝善之) · Provenance: Mode: narrative-report · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年己未春正月乙巳朔 · Regnal Year: 9 · Season: spring · Lunar Month: 1 · Sexagenary Day: 乙巳 · Western Year: AD 1259 · About Person Id: Baraq (八里赤)
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0213
• Assessment: clear-minded and wise, as all men know (聰明睿知) · Provenance: Mode: quotation · Source Person Id: Uriyangqadai (兀良合台) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 歲戊申，定宗崩 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1248 · End: AD 1251
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0027
• Assessment: court and camp alike looked to him for the succession after Güyük died, though many others coveted the throne · Provenance: Mode: narrative-report · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 歲戊申 · Western Year: AD 1248
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0020
• Kind: injury · Statement: fell from his horse while hunting and injured his arm, and held no court for more than a hundred days · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年壬子…冬十月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Western Year: AD 1252
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0062
• Item: a crystal basin, a pearl umbrella and other Uighur treasures worth more than thirty thousand ingots of silver / 水精盆、珍珠傘 · Relation: refused · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年丁巳…九月 · Regnal Year: 7 · Lunar Month: 9 · Western Year: AD 1257 · Ev: Unknown
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0133, yuanshi:003:s0135

Source notes

• Kind: name-meaning · Statement: 蒙哥 (Möngke) means "eldest son" in Chinese · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 歲戊辰，十二月三日 · Lunar Month: 12 · Day Of Month: 3 · Western Year: AD 1209
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0005
• Kind: naming · Statement: Named Möngke because a diviner of the Yellow Quda tribe who read the heavens declared the child would attain the greatest eminence · Provenance: Mode: prophecy · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 歲戊辰，十二月三日 · Lunar Month: 12 · Day Of Month: 3 · Western Year: AD 1209
  Explicit · yuanshi:003:s0004