Rangju 穰苴

Names

Identity

Historicity

Uncertain

Identification

Named

Sex

Male

• Sex: male
  Strongly inferred · shiji:057:s0230
• Sex: male
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0001, shiji:064:s0006, shiji:065:s0094

Roles

• Aristocrat
• General
• Military Officer
• Strategist

Family

• Descendant of Tian Wan (田完)
  Kinship Term: descendant / 苗裔 · Line: paternal
  Kinship Term: descendant / 苗裔 · Line: paternal

Origins and identity

• Line: paternal · Ancestor Person Id: Tian Wan (田完) · Label: descendant of Tian Wan / 田完之苗裔
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0001

Career and standing

• Label: general / 將軍 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 齊景公時 · Western Interval: Start: BC 548 · End: BC 490
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0005
• Label: Grand Marshal / 大司馬 · Action: appointed
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0041
• Label: honored as Grand Marshal / 尊為大司馬 · Action: received
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0041
• Status: dismissed · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 齊景公時 · Western Interval: Start: BC 548 · End: BC 490
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0044
• Status: lowly origin · Label: long lowly / 素卑賤
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0006
• Status: minor collateral of the Tian clan · Label: minor collateral of the Tian clan / 田氏庶孽
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0004
• Label: beheaded the envoy's groom and displayed chariot-horse punishment / 斬其仆，車之左駙，馬之左驂，以徇三軍 · Action: executed
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0030
• Label: beheaded Zhuang Jia before the three armies / 斬莊賈以徇三軍 · Action: executed · Other Person Id: Zhuang Jia (莊賈)
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0022

Places and affiliations

• Polity: Qi / 齊 · Relation: served
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0002, shiji:064:s0005
• Organization: Tian clan / 田氏 · Relation: member-of
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0004

Works and attributed material

• Work: Sima Rangju Military Methods / 司馬穰苴兵法 · Relation: subject-of
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0048
• Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Other Person Id: Zhuang Jia (莊賈)
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0008, shiji:064:s0015, shiji:064:s0017, shiji:064:s0018
• Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0006, shiji:064:s0025, shiji:064:s0029

Events and relationships

• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: appointed to defend against Yan and Jin · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 齊景公時 · Western Interval: Start: BC 548 · End: BC 490
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0005
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: arrived early at camp, set time-marker and water clock, awaited Zhuang Jia
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0009
• Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: beheaded Zhuang Jia as exemplary punishment · Other Person Id: Zhuang Jia (莊賈)
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0022
• Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: consulted army judge on galloping through the camp
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0026
• Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: consulted army judge on penalty for late arrival
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0019
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: overturned time-marker, drained water clock, mustered troops and proclaimed regulations
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0013
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: personally cared for soldiers' camps, wells, stoves, food, illness, and medicine
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0032
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: pursued withdrawing enemies and recovered lost territories
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0036, shiji:064:s0037, shiji:064:s0038
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: released troops and regulations, swore covenant, then entered towns
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0039
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: shared general's provisions equally with soldiers
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0033
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: waited three days for the weak to recover, then mustered troops
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0034

Assessments and attributes

• Assessment: merely led campaigns for a small state and lacked leisure for the ritual courtesies of the Sima Military Methods · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
  Explicit · shiji:064:s0050