Sima Qian (太史公) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Sima Qian as an astronomer, commentator, historian, and official. This record brings together 87 passages from 75 chapters across 11 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Sima Qian	太史公	Sima Qian
Title	Grand Astrologer	太史令
Title	Grand Historian	太史公	Taishigong
Title	Grand Historian
Title	Grand Historian	太史公
Title	Grand Historian	太史
Personal	Grand Historian	太史公	Taishigong
Title	Grand Historian	太史公	Tàishǐ Gōng
Title	Grand Historian	太史公	Tàishǐ gōng
Title	Grand Historian	太史	Taishi
Title	Grand Historian	太史公	Tài shǐ gōng
Title	Grand Historian	太史公	Taishi Gong
Title	Grand Historian	太史公	Tàishǐgōng
Title	Grand Scribe	太史公	Taishigong
Title	Grand Scribe	太史公
Title	Grand Scribe	太史	Taishi
Alternate name	Ma Qian	馬遷
Given	Qian	遷	Qian
Given name	Qian	遷	Qian
Given	Qian	遷	Qiān
Surname	Sima	司馬	Sima
Surname	Sima	司馬	Sīmǎ
Personal	Sima Qian		Sima Qian
Personal	Sima Qian	司馬遷	Sima Qian
Personal name	Sima Qian	司馬遷	Sima Qian
Personal	Sima Qian	太史公	Taishigong
Personal name	Sima Qian	司馬遷
Title	Sima Qian	太史公
Personal name	Sima Qian	史遷	Sima Qian
Personal name	Sima Qian	司馬遷	Sīmǎ Qiān
Personal	Sima Qian	史遷	Shi Qian
Personal	Sima Qian	遷	Qiān
Personal	Sima Qian	司馬遷	Sīmǎ Qiān
Personal	Sima Qian	遷
Title	Sima Qian	太史公	Tàishǐgōng
Personal	Sima Qian	司馬遷
Title	the Grand Historian	太史公	Taishigong
Title	the Grand Historian	太史公	Tàishǐgōng
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公	Taishigong
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公	Tài Shǐ Gōng
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公	Tàishǐgōng
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公	Taishi Gong
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公	Tàishǐ Gōng
Title	The Grand Historian	太史公	Taishi gong
Alternate name	the Historian	史遷
Surname		司馬	Sima
Title		太史
Given		遷	Qian

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0258, hanshu:069:s0193, hanshu:091:s0144, jinshi:131:s0048, liaoshi:054:s0005, liaoshi:104:s0091, liaoshi:110:s0003, liaoshi:116:s0001, shiji:003:s0234, shiji:011:s0119, shiji:029:s0090, shiji:051:s0067, shiji:053:s0111, shiji:059:s0164, shiji:061:s0008, shiji:062:s0064, shiji:064:s0049, shiji:065:s0157, shiji:076:s0221, shiji:077:s0153, shiji:084:s0244, shiji:085:s0093, shiji:088:s0099, shiji:094:s0090, shiji:099:s0185, shiji:100:s0105, shiji:103:s0153, shiji:109:s0173, shiji:114:s0079, shiji:120:s0159, songshi:497:s0032
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:044:s0045, nanqishu:060:s0020, qingshigao:028:s0025, shiji:023:s0001, shiji:025:s0035, shiji:045:s0194, shiji:050:s0047, shiji:054:s0147, shiji:057:s0227, shiji:063:s0142, shiji:072:s0114, shiji:073:s0180, shiji:078:s0170, shiji:080:s0119, shiji:082:s0051, shiji:083:s0236, shiji:090:s0104, shiji:091:s0168, shiji:098:s0070, shiji:102:s0134, shiji:104:s0071, shiji:108:s0144, shiji:113:s0136, shiji:116:s0073, shiji:124:s0009, shiji:127:s0107, suishu:077:s0112, yuanshi:066:s0018
Value: male
Strongly inferred · hanshu:068:s0244, shiji:013:s0001, shiji:026:s0013, shiji:074:s0001, shiji:101:s0197, shiji:115:s0059, shiji:119:s0001, shiji:125:s0068
Value: male
Explicit · shiji:068:s0189

Roles

Astronomer
Commentator
Historian
Official
Writer

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 元封三年 · Regnal Year: 3 · Western Year: BC 108
Strongly inferred · shiji:115:s0059
Source Date: Text: undated authorial first-person narrative · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit · shiji:061:s0008, shiji:061:s0010, shiji:061:s0013, shiji:061:s0047
Source Date: Text: 余從負薪塞宣房 · Western Year: BC 109
Explicit · shiji:029:s0095
Source Date: Text: 余獨悲韓子 · Western Year: BC 100
Explicit · shiji:063:s0141
Source Date: Text: 元封元年冬 · Western Year: BC 110
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:114:s0079, shiji:114:s0060
Source Date: Text: 元朔二年中 · Western Year: BC 127
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:108:s0143, shiji:108:s0144
Source Date: Text: 兩漢以來爲史者 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit · nanqishu:060:s0019, nanqishu:060:s0020
Source Date: Text: 史遷 · Western Year: BC 99
Explicit · liangshu:014:s0039
Source Date: Text: 史遷因以為《書》 · Western Year: BC 100
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:054:s0005
Source Date: Text: 司馬寡識而輕信 · Western Interval: Start: c. BC 110 · End: c. BC 90
Strongly inferred · songshi:497:s0032
Source Date: Text: 司馬遷 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:104:s0091
Source Date: Text: 司馬遷不言 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Strongly inferred · hanshu:069:s0193
Source Date: Text: 司馬遷天官書 · Western Year: BC 100
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:044:s0045
Source Date: Text: 司馬遷時代 · Western Year: BC 100
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:116:s0001
Source Date: Text: 司馬遷記河渠 · Western Year: AD 100
Strongly inferred · yuanshi:066:s0018
Source Date: Text: 吾視郭解 · Western Year: BC 120
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:124:s0124
Source Date: Text: 吾過大梁之墟 · Western Year: BC 100
Explicit · shiji:077:s0153
Source Date: Text: 吾適楚 · Western Interval: Start: BC 126 · End: BC 119
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:078:s0170
Source Date: Text: 太初之元 · Western Year: BC 104
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:023:s0001, shiji:023:s0034, shiji:023:s0117
Source Date: Text: 太初元年 · Western Year: BC 104
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:026:s0013, shiji:026:s0061
Source Date: Text: 太初曆 · Western Year: BC 104
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0244, hanshu:068:s0245
Source Date: Text: 太史公 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit · shiji:084:s0244
Source Date: Text: 太史公敘九流 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0048
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰：文帝時 · Western Interval: Start: BC 100 · End: BC 90
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:025:s0035
Western Interval: Start: BC 104 · End: BC 87 · Source Date: Text: 太史公曰
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:074:s0001
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 100 · End: BC 90
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:025:s0223, shiji:065:s0157
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 100 · End: BC 90
Explicit · shiji:083:s0236
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 110 · End: BC 90
Explicit · shiji:104:s0071
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 141 · End: BC 90
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:102:s0133, shiji:102:s0134
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 90
Explicit · shiji:100:s0105
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 99 · End: BC 90
Explicit · shiji:109:s0173
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 104 · End: BC 91
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:062:s0064
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 104 · End: BC 91
Strongly inferred · shiji:091:s0168
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 104 · End: BC 91
Explicit · shiji:125:s0068, shiji:127:s0107
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 108 · End: BC 91
Strongly inferred · shiji:088:s0099
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Interval: Start: BC 109 · End: BC 91
Explicit · shiji:002:s0260, shiji:064:s0049, shiji:073:s0180, shiji:116:s0073
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: c. BC 100
Uncertain · shiji:051:s0067
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: c. BC 100
Derived · shiji:076:s0221
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: c. BC 100
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:098:s0070, shiji:113:s0136
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: BC 100
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:003:s0234, shiji:013:s0001, shiji:054:s0147, shiji:057:s0227, shiji:059:s0164, shiji:068:s0189, shiji:080:s0119, shiji:090:s0104, shiji:103:s0153
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: BC 100
Strongly inferred · shiji:050:s0047, shiji:094:s0090
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: BC 100
Explicit · shiji:053:s0111, shiji:063:s0142, shiji:072:s0114, shiji:082:s0051, shiji:085:s0093, shiji:099:s0185, shiji:124:s0009
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: BC 91
Explicit · shiji:045:s0194
Source Date: Text: 太史公曰 · Western Year: BC 91
Strongly inferred · shiji:119:s0001, shiji:119:s0077
Source Date: Text: 太史公著述時 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Strongly inferred · shiji:101:s0197
Source Date: Text: 太史公著述時代 · Western Year: c. BC 100
Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:049:s0004
Source Date: Text: 太史公記六國 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:099:s0153, hanshu:099:s0216
Source Date: Text: 太史公述贊 · Western Year: BC 100
Strongly inferred · shiji:120:s0159
Source Date: Text: 後三年 · Western Year: BC 141
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0119
Source Date: Text: 於是卒塞瓠子 · Western Year: BC 109
Explicit · shiji:029:s0095, shiji:029:s0080
Source Date: Text: 漢代 · Western Year: AD 100
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0106
Source Date: Text: 漢史記傳時代 · Western Year: BC 100
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:110:s0003
Source Date: Text: 漢興 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:091:s0144, hanshu:091:s0148
Source Date: Text: 漢興六十餘載 · Western Interval: Start: BC 141 · End: BC 87
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:068:s0254, hanshu:068:s0258
Source Date: Text: 秦火之餘 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 86
Explicit · nanqishu:060:s0020
Source Date: Text: 秦炬之後 · Western Year: BC 91
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:028:s0025
Source Date: Text: 豫章王書 / 賾答書 · Western Interval: Start: AD 581 · End: AD 604
Explicit event contextual date · suishu:077:s0128
Source Date: Text: 贊曰：司馬遷稱 · Western Interval: Start: BC 100 · End: BC 90
Strongly inferred · hanshu:067:s0260

Career and standing

Label: Grand Historian / 太史公
Explicit · shiji:011:s0119, shiji:023:s0001, shiji:045:s0194, shiji:051:s0067, shiji:061:s0008, shiji:062:s0064, shiji:068:s0189, shiji:073:s0180, shiji:074:s0001, shiji:078:s0170, shiji:083:s0236, shiji:091:s0168, shiji:113:s0136, shiji:119:s0001, shiji:119:s0077, shiji:124:s0009, shiji:125:s0068
Label: Grand Astrologer / 太史令 · Action: held
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0244
Label: Grand Historian / 太史公 · Action: held
Explicit · shiji:025:s0035, shiji:025:s0223, shiji:029:s0090, shiji:113:s0136
missions and high office / 奉使方外或為郡國守相至公卿
Explicit · hanshu:076:s0230

Places and affiliations

Label: Han / 漢 · Relation: lived-under
Strongly inferred · hanshu:069:s0193
Label: Han / 漢 · Relation: served
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0244
Label: Han / 漢 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:044:s0041, liaoshi:044:s0045, shiji:023:s0032, shiji:023:s0034, shiji:115:s0059
Label: Western Han / 漢 · Relation: served
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0258
Polity: Han · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · shiji:026:s0013, shiji:026:s0049
Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · shiji:025:s0035
Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: served
Explicit · shiji:029:s0090, shiji:029:s0095, shiji:116:s0073
Polity: Western Han / 漢 · Relation: served
Explicit · shiji:127:s0107
Polity: Western Han / 西漢 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · nanqishu:060:s0019, nanqishu:060:s0020, shiji:078:s0170, shiji:088:s0099, shiji:091:s0168
Place: Chu / 楚 · Relation: traveled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 吾適楚 · Western Interval: Start: BC 126 · End: BC 119
Explicit · shiji:078:s0170
Place: Gusu / 姑蘇 · Relation: traveled-to
Explicit · shiji:029:s0090
Place: Kuaiji / 會稽 · Relation: traveled-to
Explicit · shiji:029:s0090
Place: Lidui / 離碓 · Relation: traveled-to
Explicit · shiji:029:s0092
Place: Longmen / 龍門 · Relation: traveled-to
Explicit · shiji:029:s0093
Place: Lord Chunshen's ancient city / 春申君故城 · Relation: visited
Explicit · shiji:078:s0170
Place: Mount Lu / 廬山 · Relation: traveled-to
Explicit · shiji:029:s0090
Place: Shuofang / 朔方 · Relation: traveled-to
Explicit · shiji:029:s0093
Place: Xuanfang / 宣房 · Relation: worked-at
Explicit · shiji:029:s0095

Works and attributed material

Work: account of Sima Jizhu / 司馬季主 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:127:s0108
Work: Biographies of Guan and Yan / 管晏列傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:062:s0065
Work: Biography of Sima Rangju / 司馬穰苴列傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:064:s0051
Work: Book of Rivers and Canals / 河渠書 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:029:s0095
Work: Records of the Grand Scribe / 太史公書
Explicit · hanshu:091:s0144, hanshu:091:s0148
Work: Bian Que and Lord Cang / 扁鵲倉公列傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0048
Work: Biographies of Bian Que and Lord Cang / 扁鵲倉公傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · beiqishu:049:s0004
Work: biographies of flatterers and harsh officials / 佞幸、酷吏傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:110:s0003
Work: Biographies of Lu Zhonglian and Zou Yang / 魯仲連鄒陽列傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:083:s0236, shiji:083:s0237
Work: Biographies of the Day Diviners / 日者 · Relation: author
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0048
Work: Biography of Tian Dan / 田儋列傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:094:s0095
Work: Book of Rivers and Canals / 河渠書 · Relation: author
Explicit · shiji:029:s0095
Work: Book / 書 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:054:s0005
Work: historical writings / 史 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:116:s0001
Work: Records of the Grand Historian (Annals, Hereditary Houses, Eight Treatises, Biographies) / 本紀、世家、八書、列傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · nanqishu:060:s0020
Work: Records of the Grand Historian / 史記 · Relation: author
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:028:s0025, shiji:002:s0260
Work: Records of the Grand Historian / 太史公書 · Relation: author
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0106
Work: Records of the Grand Scribe / 太史公書 · Relation: author
Explicit · hanshu:091:s0144, hanshu:091:s0148
Work: Records of the Historian / 史記 · Relation: author
Strongly inferred · hanshu:099:s0153
Work: The Day Diviners / 日者 · Relation: author
Explicit · beiqishu:049:s0004
Work: Tortoise and Yarrow / 龜策 · Relation: author
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0048
Work: treatise on rivers and canals / 河渠 · Relation: author
Explicit · yuanshi:066:s0018
Work: Treatise on the Calendar / 歷書 · Relation: author
Strongly inferred · shiji:026:s0013
Work: Treatise on the Heavenly Offices / 天官書 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:044:s0045, qingshigao:028:s0025
Work: Treatises on Tortoises and Divination / 龜策 · Relation: author
Explicit · beiqishu:049:s0004
Work: Treatise on Korea / 朝鮮列傳 · Relation: commentator
Explicit · shiji:115:s0059
Work: Grand Inception calendar / 太初曆 · Relation: compiler
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0245
Work: Guan clan writings and Yanzi Chunqiu / 管氏書及晏子春秋 · Relation: reader
Explicit · shiji:062:s0064
Work: Sima Military Methods / 司馬兵法 · Relation: reader
Explicit · shiji:064:s0049
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: author · About Person Id: Cao Can (曹參)
Explicit · shiji:054:s0147, shiji:054:s0148, shiji:054:s0149, shiji:054:s0150
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Extent: s0189, s0190, s0191, s0192, s0193
Explicit · shiji:068:s0189, shiji:068:s0190, shiji:068:s0191, shiji:068:s0192, shiji:068:s0193
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: author · Extent Unit Ids: s0104, s0105, s0106, s0107, s0108 · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:090:s0104, shiji:090:s0105, shiji:090:s0106, shiji:090:s0107, shiji:090:s0108
Kind: commentary · Role: author · Note: Authorial appraisal on Yu's surname and descendant clans / 太史公曰 · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:002:s0260
Kind: commentary · Role: author · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:025:s0035, shiji:025:s0036, shiji:025:s0037, shiji:025:s0223, shiji:025:s0224, shiji:025:s0225, shiji:025:s0226
Kind: commentary · Role: author · Quoted: true
Explicit · shiji:115:s0059, shiji:115:s0060, shiji:115:s0061, shiji:115:s0062, shiji:115:s0063, shiji:115:s0064, shiji:120:s0159, shiji:120:s0165
Kind: commentary · Role: speaker
Explicit · shiji:063:s0142, shiji:063:s0143, shiji:063:s0144, shiji:063:s0145, shiji:063:s0146, shiji:063:s0141
Kind: historian-appraisal · Role: author · Other Person Id: Ying Bu (英布)
Explicit · shiji:091:s0168, shiji:091:s0169, shiji:091:s0170, shiji:091:s0171, shiji:091:s0172
Kind: historian-appraisal · Role: author · Quoted: false
Explicit · shiji:078:s0170, shiji:078:s0171, shiji:078:s0172, shiji:078:s0173, shiji:078:s0174
Kind: historian-appraisal · Role: author · Quoted: true
Explicit · shiji:094:s0090, shiji:094:s0091, shiji:094:s0092, shiji:094:s0093, shiji:094:s0094, shiji:094:s0095, shiji:094:s0096
Kind: historian-comment · Role: author · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:053:s0111, shiji:053:s0112, shiji:053:s0113, shiji:053:s0114, shiji:083:s0236, shiji:083:s0237, shiji:116:s0073, shiji:116:s0074, shiji:116:s0075, shiji:116:s0076, shiji:116:s0077, shiji:116:s0078, shiji:116:s0079
Kind: historian-comment · Role: author · Quoted: true
Explicit · shiji:029:s0090, shiji:029:s0094, shiji:064:s0049, shiji:064:s0050, shiji:064:s0051
Kind: historian-comment · Role: author
Explicit · shiji:011:s0119, shiji:011:s0120, shiji:011:s0121, shiji:050:s0047, shiji:050:s0048, shiji:050:s0049, shiji:050:s0050, shiji:050:s0051, shiji:050:s0052, shiji:059:s0164, shiji:059:s0165, shiji:059:s0166, shiji:059:s0167, shiji:059:s0168, shiji:080:s0119, shiji:080:s0120, shiji:080:s0121, shiji:080:s0122, shiji:088:s0099, shiji:088:s0100, shiji:088:s0101, shiji:100:s0105, shiji:100:s0106, shiji:100:s0107, shiji:100:s0108, shiji:100:s0109, shiji:100:s0110, shiji:100:s0111, shiji:102:s0134, shiji:102:s0135, shiji:102:s0136, shiji:102:s0137, shiji:102:s0138, shiji:102:s0139, shiji:102:s0140, shiji:102:s0141, shiji:109:s0173, shiji:109:s0174, shiji:109:s0175, shiji:109:s0176, shiji:109:s0177, shiji:109:s0178, shiji:109:s0179, shiji:109:s0180
Kind: historian-comment · Role: speaker · Units: s0064, s0065, s0066, s0067, s0068, s0069, s0070, s0071, s0072, s0073
Explicit · shiji:062:s0064, shiji:062:s0065, shiji:062:s0066, shiji:062:s0067, shiji:062:s0068, shiji:062:s0069, shiji:062:s0070, shiji:062:s0071, shiji:062:s0072, shiji:062:s0073
Kind: historian-comment · Role: speaker
Explicit · shiji:077:s0153, shiji:077:s0154, shiji:077:s0155, shiji:077:s0156, shiji:077:s0157
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: author · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:108:s0144, shiji:108:s0145, shiji:108:s0146, shiji:108:s0147
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: speaker · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:085:s0093, shiji:085:s0094, shiji:085:s0095, shiji:085:s0096, shiji:085:s0097, shiji:085:s0098, shiji:085:s0099
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: author · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · shiji:103:s0153, shiji:103:s0154, shiji:103:s0155, shiji:103:s0156
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: speaker · Quoted: false
Explicit · shiji:082:s0051, shiji:082:s0052, shiji:082:s0053, shiji:082:s0054, shiji:082:s0055
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: author · Quoted: true
Explicit · shiji:057:s0227, shiji:057:s0228, shiji:057:s0229, shiji:057:s0230, shiji:057:s0231, shiji:057:s0232
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · shiji:045:s0194, shiji:045:s0195, shiji:045:s0196, shiji:114:s0079, shiji:114:s0080, shiji:114:s0081, shiji:114:s0082
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: author
Explicit · shiji:076:s0221, shiji:076:s0222, shiji:076:s0223, shiji:076:s0224, shiji:076:s0225, shiji:101:s0197, shiji:101:s0198, shiji:101:s0199, shiji:101:s0200, shiji:101:s0201, shiji:101:s0202, shiji:101:s0203, shiji:101:s0204
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: speaker
Explicit · shiji:065:s0157, shiji:065:s0158, shiji:065:s0159, shiji:065:s0160, shiji:065:s0161, shiji:084:s0244, shiji:084:s0245, shiji:084:s0246, shiji:084:s0247, shiji:125:s0068, shiji:125:s0069, shiji:125:s0070
Kind: historian-remark · Role: author · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:119:s0001, shiji:119:s0002, shiji:119:s0003, shiji:119:s0077, shiji:119:s0078, shiji:119:s0079, shiji:119:s0080, shiji:119:s0081
Kind: historian-remark · Role: author
Explicit · shiji:003:s0234, shiji:051:s0067, shiji:051:s0068, shiji:051:s0069, shiji:113:s0136, shiji:113:s0137, shiji:113:s0138, shiji:113:s0139, shiji:113:s0140, shiji:113:s0141, shiji:113:s0142, shiji:113:s0143, shiji:113:s0144, shiji:113:s0145
Kind: historian-remark · Role: speaker · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:127:s0107, shiji:127:s0108
Kind: historian-remark · Role: speaker
Explicit · shiji:072:s0114, shiji:072:s0115, shiji:072:s0116, shiji:104:s0071, shiji:104:s0072, shiji:104:s0073
Kind: historical-silence · Role: author · Statement: does not mention shared ancestry of Zhang Tang with the Marquis of Liu
Explicit · hanshu:069:s0193
Kind: judgment · Role: author · Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · shiji:074:s0001, shiji:074:s0002, shiji:074:s0003, shiji:074:s0004, shiji:074:s0005
Kind: judgment · Role: author · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · shiji:099:s0185, shiji:099:s0186, shiji:099:s0187, shiji:099:s0188, shiji:099:s0189, shiji:099:s0190, shiji:099:s0191, shiji:099:s0192
Kind: judgment · Role: author · Statement: appraisal of Bai Qi and Wang Jian
Explicit · shiji:073:s0180, shiji:073:s0181, shiji:073:s0182, shiji:073:s0183, shiji:073:s0184
Kind: judgment · Role: author
Explicit · shiji:098:s0070, shiji:098:s0071
Kind: memorial · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0244
Kind: quotation · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · hanshu:067:s0260, hanshu:067:s0261, hanshu:067:s0262
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Mode: historian-narration
Explicit · shiji:013:s0001, shiji:013:s0007, shiji:013:s0008, shiji:013:s0010
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: false · Note: chapter opening judgment
Explicit · shiji:026:s0013
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · shiji:023:s0001, shiji:023:s0117, shiji:061:s0008

Events and relationships

Kind: disaster-response · Role: participant · Action: carried-firewood-at-Xuanfang · Place: Xuanfang / 宣房
Explicit · shiji:029:s0095
Kind: travel · Role: visitor · Action: climbed · Place: Mount Ji / 箕山
Explicit · shiji:061:s0008
Kind: scholarly · Role: author · Action: compiled-genealogical-table
Explicit · shiji:013:s0010
Kind: scholarly · Role: compiler · Action: gathered broken classics and hundred-schools traditions after the Qin book burning to record good and evil and rise and fall
Explicit · nanqishu:060:s0020
Kind: travel · Role: observer · Action: inspected-waterways
Explicit · shiji:029:s0090, shiji:029:s0091, shiji:029:s0092, shiji:029:s0093
Kind: observation · Role: witness · Action: observed · Other Person Id: Guo Xie (郭解)
Explicit · shiji:124:s0124
Kind: scholarly · Role: author · Action: recorded-Sima-Jizhu · Other Person Id: Sima Jizhu (司馬季主)
Explicit · shiji:127:s0108
Kind: scholarly · Role: author · Action: recorded-star-officials · Statement: Recorded the full roster of the three houses' star officials
Explicit · liaoshi:044:s0045
Kind: calamity · Role: victim · Action: suffered calamity · Provenance: Mode: quotation · Speaker Person Id: Yelu Mengjian (耶律孟簡)
Explicit · liaoshi:104:s0091
Kind: travel · Role: traveler · Action: surveyed · Place: Lord Chunshen's ancient city / 春申君故城 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 吾適楚 · Western Interval: Start: BC 126 · End: BC 119
Explicit · shiji:078:s0170
Kind: scholarly · Role: observer · Action: visited-rites-office-and-observed-Three-Dynasties
Explicit · shiji:023:s0003
Relation: friend-of · Person Id: Feng Sui (馮遂)
Explicit · shiji:102:s0133
Relation: friend-of · Person Id: Tian Ren (田仁)
Explicit · shiji:104:s0073
Relation: colleague-of · Person Id: Hu Sui (壺遂)
Explicit · shiji:108:s0144

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: pursued mere reputation rather than true renown · About Person Id: Lü Buwei (呂不韋) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:085:s0099
Assessment: master of extraordinary tactics · About Person Id: Tian Dan (田單) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:082:s0055
Assessment: cunning and strategy surpassed others; endured captivity hoping for another chance · About Person Ids: Wei Bao (魏豹), Peng Yue (彭) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:090:s0104, shiji:090:s0105, shiji:090:s0106, shiji:090:s0107, shiji:090:s0108
Assessment: guests multiply with power and vanish without it · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · About Person Ids: Ji An (汲黯), Zheng Dangshi (鄭當時)
Explicit · shiji:120:s0159
Assessment: Han Jue's restoration of Zhao Wu fulfilled Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu's righteousness and was a hidden virtue under Heaven · About Person Ids: Han Jue (韓厥), Zhao Wu (趙武), Cheng Ying (程嬰), Gongsun Chujiu (公孫杵臼) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:045:s0194
Assessment: admires Yan Zi enough to hold the whip for him · Provenance: Mode: self-report · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:062:s0073
Assessment: all originated from Way and virtue, yet Laozi was profound and far-reaching · Other Person Id: Confucius (孔子) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:063:s0146
Assessment: benefits and harms of water are immense · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:029:s0094
Assessment: favor and disfavor shift to extremes; Mi Zixia's conduct illustrates later flatterers · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:125:s0068, shiji:125:s0069, shiji:125:s0070
Assessment: General Li's upright personal example moved others · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · shiji:109:s0175, shiji:109:s0177
Assessment: greatly confused whether so-called heaven's way is so or not · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:061:s0047
Assessment: grieves for Bo Yi's intent; finds the lost poem strange · Other Person Id: Bo Yi (伯夷) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:061:s0013
Assessment: Guo Jie ordinary in appearance and speech yet universally admired as the standard of knight-errantry · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公) · Other Person Id: Guo Xie (郭解)
Explicit · shiji:124:s0124, shiji:124:s0125
Assessment: judged Lord Chunshen later muddled and controlled by Li Yuan, applying the proverb on failing to act when one should · Other Person Id: Lord Chunshen (春申君) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:078:s0172, shiji:078:s0173, shiji:078:s0174
Assessment: judged that Li Li's death helped Duke Wen of Jin uphold state law · Other Person Id: Li Li (李離) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:119:s0081
Assessment: judged that Shi She's death established King Zhao of Chu's reputation · Other Person Id: Shi She (石奢) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:119:s0080
Assessment: Laozi valued emptiness and non-action; subtle and hard to recognize · Other Person Id: Confucius (孔子) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:063:s0142
Assessment: limited-knowledge-and-credulous · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · songshi:497:s0032
Assessment: literary composition (文章) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · hanshu:068:s0258
Assessment: noted Gongyi Xiu expelled his wife after seeing fine cloth · Other Person Id: Gongyi Xiu (公儀休) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:119:s0079
Assessment: noted that Zheng's people wailed when Zi Chan died · Other Person Id: Zichan (子產) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:119:s0078
Assessment: obscured sage laws, inverted right and wrong, and selected mistaken confused material; could not fully convey the sages' inner truth · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · nanqishu:060:s0021, nanqishu:060:s0022, nanqishu:060:s0024
Assessment: praised Lord Chunshen's early clarity of wisdom in persuading King Zhao of Qin and risking his life to return the Chu crown prince · Other Person Id: Lord Chunshen (春申君) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:078:s0171
Assessment: praised Sun Shuao for restoring the Ying market with a single word · Other Person Id: Sunshu Ao (孫叔敖) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:119:s0077
Assessment: Sima Military Methods are vast and profound, but their literary style merits little praise · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:064:s0049
Assessment: skilled at applying ideas; benevolent; loved reputation · Target Person Id: Yuan Ang (袁盎) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:101:s0197, shiji:101:s0200
Assessment: sought private revenge rather than urgently saving the situation · Target Person Id: Chao Cuo (晁錯) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:101:s0203
Assessment: Spring and Autumn, Changes, Greater Odes, and Lesser Odes differ in subject but share one moral thread · Provenance: Mode: quotation · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · hanshu:067:s0260, hanshu:067:s0261
Assessment: success and failure turn like intertwined strands of a twisted cord · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:113:s0145
Assessment: The Han clan's accomplishments in Jin had not seemed especially great, yet with Zhao and Wei they rightly endured as feudal lords for more than ten generations · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:045:s0195, shiji:045:s0196
Assessment: Tian Shu upheld righteousness and remedied the ruler's faults · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:104:s0072
Assessment: towering talent and extraordinary man among historians after the Three Dynasties · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · nanqishu:060:s0023
Assessment: Yue ancestors had great merit and virtue; line endured long · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)
Explicit · shiji:114:s0079

Source notes

Historicity: historical
Explicit · liaoshi:044:s0045, shiji:050:s0047, shiji:061:s0008, shiji:078:s0170, shiji:083:s0236

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 49Volume 49 Biographies 41: Arts · 1 passage