Shi Xiancheng (史憲誠)

Overview

The translated histories identify Shi Xiancheng as a general, military officer, and warlord. This record brings together 46 passages from 2 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Shi Xiancheng	史憲誠	Shi Xiancheng
Surname	Shi	史	Shi
Personal name	Shi Xiancheng	史憲誠	Shi Xiancheng
Personal	Shi Xiancheng	史憲誠	Shǐ Xiànchéng
Given	Xiancheng	憲誠	Xiancheng

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiutangshu:181:s0001
Sex: male
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0209
Value: male
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0003

Roles

General
Military Officer
Warlord

Life and dates

Death

Cause: killed by troops · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太和三年六月二十六日夜 · Western Year: AD 829
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0036
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太和三年六月二十六日夜 · Western Year: AD 829 · Manner: killed by soldiers
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0034

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 元和中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 806 · End: AD 820
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0005
Source Date: Text: 元和中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 806 · End: AD 820
Explicit event contextual date · jiutangshu:185:s0007
Source Date: Text: 史憲誠等五家 · Western Interval: Start: AD 822 · End: AD 829
Explicit event contextual date · jiutangshu:181:s0209
Source Date: Text: 太和三年六月二十六日夜 · Western Year: AD 829
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0034
Source Date: Text: 太和二年 · Western Year: AD 828
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0024
Source Date: Text: 長慶二年正月 · Western Year: AD 822
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0014, jiutangshu:185:s0016

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Descendant of Shi Daode (史道德)
Kinship Term: grandfather / 祖 · Generation Distance: 2 · Line: paternal
Child of Shi Zhouluo (史周洛)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Line: paternal
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: child
Parent of Shi Xiaozhang (史孝章)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: child
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Successful son of the Shi house (史氏子)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: uncertain · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: uncertain · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father

Kinship Role: houses · Count: 5 · Label: five houses beginning with Shi Xiancheng / 史憲誠等五家
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0209

Origins and identity

Label: Xi people / 奚虜
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0001
Label: Xi / 奚
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0003

Career and standing

Label: Concurrent Censor-in-Chief / 兼中丞 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0008
Label: Grand Councilor / 平章事 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0026, jiutangshu:185:s0028
Label: Grand Minister of Works / 司空 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0023
Label: Grand Tutor / 司徒 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0029
Label: Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs / 左僕射 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0024
Label: Left Vice Director / 左僕射 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0022
Label: Military governor of Weibo / 魏博節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0013
Label: Minister of Education / 司徒 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0031
Label: Minister of Works / 司空 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0025
Label: Palace Attendant / 侍中 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0032, jiutangshu:185:s0034
Label: Wei-Bo military governor / 魏博節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0015, jiutangshu:185:s0016
Title: Grand Councilor / 平章事 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太和二年 · Western Year: AD 828
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0028
Title: Minister of Works / 司空 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 敬宗即位 · Western Year: AD 824
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0025
Label: Investigating Censor / 監察御史 · Action: held
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0004
Title: Investigating Censor / 監察御史 · Action: held
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0006
Title: Left Vice Director / 左僕射 · Action: held
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0024
Title: Minister of Education / 司徒 · Action: held
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0031
Title: Palace Attendant / 侍中 · Action: held
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0034
Title: Vice Censor-in-Chief / 兼中丞 · Action: held
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0010
Label: Grand Commandant / 太尉 · Action: posthumously-granted
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0036
Label: Grand Preceptor / 太尉 · Action: posthumous
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0034
Title: Grand Preceptor / 太尉 · Action: posthumously-enfeoffed
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0036

Places and affiliations

Label: Tang / 唐 · Relation: served
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0013
Polity Label: Tang / 唐 · Relation: served
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0003
Place: Jiankang in Lingwu / 靈武建康
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0001
Place: Jiankang, Lingwu / 靈武建康 · Relation: native-of
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0003
Place: Hezhong / 河中 · Relation: posted-to
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0032, jiutangshu:185:s0034

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Addressee Person Id: Wei Wenke (韋文恪) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: AD 822 · Western Year: AD 822
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0021, jiutangshu:185:s0022
Kind: historian-judgment · Role: subject
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0209
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Wei Wenke (韋文恪)
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0019, jiutangshu:181:s0020

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: subject · Action: acclaimed-commander · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長慶二年正月 · Western Year: AD 822
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0015, jiutangshu:185:s0016
Kind: political · Role: subject · Action: acclaimed-commander
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0015
Kind: military · Role: vanguard-commander · Action: campaigned-against · Other Person Id: Li Shidao (李師道) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元和中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 806 · End: AD 820
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0005
Kind: military · Role: vanguard-commander · Action: campaigned · Other Person Id: Li Shidao (李師道) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元和中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 806 · End: AD 820
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0007
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: campaigned · Other Person Id: Li Shidao (李師道) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元和中 · Western Year: AD 813
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0007
Kind: political · Role: warlord · Action: first gained power through the autonomous three-command system and later lost it by the same means
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0209
Kind: political · Role: victim · Action: killed-by-troops · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太和三年六月二十六日夜 · Western Year: AD 829
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0036
Kind: political · Role: installed-as-commander · Action: seized-command · Place: Wei / 魏
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0013
Kind: military · Role: supporter · Other Person Id: Li Tongjie (李同捷) · Action: supplied-grain
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0027
Kind: diplomatic · Role: correspondent · Other Person Id: Li Qi (李㝏) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: AD 822 · Western Year: AD 822
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0018
Relation: kin-of · Person Id: Li Quanlue (李全略) · Union Category: marriage
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0027
Relation: marriage-alliance-with · Person Id: Li Quanlue (李全略)
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0025
Relation: ally-of · Person Id: Wang Tingcou (王廷湊)
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0016
Relation: ally-of · Person Id: Zhu Kerong (硃克融)
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0016

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: cunning and deceitful · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0021
Assessment: cunning and duplicitous · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiutangshu:185:s0023
Assessment: exemplar of the five houses that rose and fell by warlord autonomy · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiutangshu:181:s0209

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 181Volume 177 Biographies 127: Cui Shenyou, Cui Gong, Lu Jun, Pei Xiu, Yang Shou, Wei Baoheng, Lu Yan, Xiao Houzi, Liu Zhan, Liu Zhuan, Cao Que, Bi Xian, Du Shenquan, Liu Ye, Dou Luzhan · 23 passages

Open chapter

列傳第一百三十一史憲誠史憲誠，其先出於奚虜，今爲靈武建康人。 Biography 131: Shi Xiancheng. His ancestors originally sprang from the Xi people; in his day Shi Xiancheng was reckoned a man of Jiankang in Lingwu.

憲誠始以材勇，隨父歷軍中右職，兼監察御史。 Xiancheng first made his name through ability and valor, serving beside his father in senior army posts while also holding the post of Investigating Censor.

元和中，田弘正討李師道，令憲誠以先鋒四千人濟河，累下其城柵。 During the Yuanhe reign, when Tian Hongzheng marched against Li Shidao, he sent Xiancheng ahead with four thousand vanguard troops to cross the Yellow River and take one fortified camp after another.

錄功，超授憲誠兼中丞。 When his merits were entered on the rolls, Xiancheng was promoted out of turn to concurrent Censor-in-Chief.

憲誠爲中軍都知兵馬使，乘亂以河朔舊事動其人心，諸軍即擁而歸魏，共立爲帥，國家因而命之。 Xiancheng, as chief controller of the central army's horse and foot, used the disorder to appeal to the old ways of the Hebei garrisons; the troops at once rallied back to Wei, set him up as their leader, and the throne confirmed the appointment.

時克融、廷湊並據兵爲亂，憲誠喜得旄節，雖外順朝旨，而中與硃、王爲輔車之勢，長慶二年正月也。 Kerong and Tingcou were both in arms against the court; Xiancheng was delighted to receive the commander's baton and banner. Outwardly he followed the court's orders, yet inwardly he and Zhu and Wang lent each other the support of linked chariots — all this in the first month of the second year of Changqing.

時李㝏爲亂，與憲誠書問交通。 Li Qi was then in rebellion and kept up a correspondence with Xiancheng.

憲誠表請與㝏節鉞，仍於黎陽艤舟，示欲渡河。 Xiancheng memorialized asking for the same command baton as Qi, and moored boats at Liyang as if preparing to cross the river.

旋聞絺爲帳下所殺，乃從改過，謂文恪曰：「憲誠蕃人，猶狗也，唯能識主。 When he soon heard that Qi had been killed by his own officers, he changed his tune and told Wenke, "Xiancheng is a barbarian—no better than a dog—and knows only his master.

敬宗即位，進秩司空。 When Emperor Jingzong came to the throne, Xiancheng was advanced to Grand Minister of Works.

先是，憲誠與全略婚媾，及同捷叛，復潛以糧餉爲助。 Xiancheng had earlier been linked to Quanlue by marriage; when Tongjie rebelled, he again secretly supplied him with grain and fodder.