Songgotu 索額圖

Names

Identity

Historicity

Historical

Identification

Named

Sex

Male

• Sex: male
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0001

Roles

• Diplomat
• Military Officer
• Official
• Statesman

Family

• Sibling of Gabula (噶布拉)
  Kinship Term: elder brother / 兄 · Subject Relative Age: elder · Shared Parentage: full
• Child of Sonin (索尼)
  Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 2
• Parent of A'erjishan (阿爾吉善)
  Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
• Parent of Ge'erfen (格爾芬)
  Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
• Sibling of Fabao (法保)
  Kinship Term: younger brother / 弟 · Subject Relative Age: younger · Shared Parentage: full
• Sibling of Xinyu (心裕)
  Kinship Term: younger brother / 弟 · Subject Relative Age: younger · Shared Parentage: full

• Kinship Role: sons · Count: 2 · Note: two sons Ge'erfen and A'erjishan executed; earlier plural sons confined
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0055, qingshigao:269:s0063

Origins and identity

• Ethnicity: Manchu / 滿洲
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0002

Career and standing

• Label: deliberative minister / 議政大臣 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙十九年 · Western Year: AD 1680
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0023
• Label: grand secretary of the Hall of Preserving Harmony / 保和殿大學士 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙九年 · Western Year: AD 1670
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0007
• Label: grand secretary of the Historiographic Institute / 國史院大學士 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙八年 · Western Year: AD 1669
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0006
• Label: interior minister / 內大臣 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙十九年八月 · Western Year: AD 1680
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0022
• Label: senior interior minister of the guards / 領侍衛內大臣 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙二十五年 · Western Year: AD 1686
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0028
• Label: vice president of the Board of Civil Appointments / 吏部侍郎 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙七年 · Western Year: AD 1668
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0004
• Label: first-rank guard / 一等侍衛 · Action: restored · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 康熙八年五月 · Western Year: AD 1669
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0005
• Title: Grand Tutor to the Crown Prince / 太子太傅 · Action: granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙十一年 · Western Year: AD 1672
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0008
• Status: retirement · Action: retired for age · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙四十年九月 · Western Year: AD 1701
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0044
• Status: dismissed · Action: stripped of ministerial posts · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙二十三年三月 · Western Year: AD 1684
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0027
• Status: confinement · Action: arrested and confined by Imperial Clan Court · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙四十二年五月 · Western Year: AD 1703 · Authority Person Id: Kangxi Emperor (聖祖)
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0049

Places and affiliations

• Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0002
• Place: Nerchinsk negotiations / 尼布楚 · Relation: traveled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙二十八年 · Western Year: AD 1689
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0031, qingshigao:269:s0035
• Place: Dezhou / 德州 · Relation: traveled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙四十一年 · Western Year: AD 1702
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0046
• Organization: Plain Yellow Banner / 正黃旗 · Relation: member-of
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0002

Works and attributed material

• Work: Shizu Veritable Records / 世祖實錄 · Relation: associated-with-completion
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0008
• Kind: edict · Role: addressee · Speaker Person Id: Kangxi Emperor (聖祖) · Quoted: true
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0049, qingshigao:269:s0050, qingshigao:269:s0051, qingshigao:269:s0052, qingshigao:269:s0053, qingshigao:269:s0054
• Kind: speech · Role: addressee · Speaker Person Id: Kangxi Emperor (聖祖) · Quoted: true
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0016, qingshigao:269:s0017, qingshigao:269:s0018, qingshigao:269:s0019

Events and relationships

• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: defeated Galdan at Ulan Butung · Other Person Id: Galdan (噶爾丹) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙二十九年 · Western Year: AD 1690
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0036
• Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: joined emperor personal campaign · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙三十五年 · Western Year: AD 1696
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0038
• Kind: diplomatic · Role: envoy · Action: negotiated border treaty · Place: Argun and Gorbi Rivers / 額爾固納河及格爾必齊河 · Other Person Id: Fyodor Alekseyevich (費耀多囉) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙二十八年 · Western Year: AD 1689
  Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0031, qingshigao:269:s0035
• Relation: rival-of · Person Id: Mingzhu (明珠)
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0102

Assessments and attributes

• Assessment: abuse of power, greed, and license · Provenance: Mode: named-speaker · Speaker Person Id: Wei Xiangshu (魏象樞)
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0014
• Assessment: fell through greed and extravagance · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0183
• Assessment: greatest criminal of the dynasty · Provenance: Mode: named-speaker · Speaker Person Id: Kangxi Emperor (聖祖)
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0066

Source notes

• Historicity: historical
  Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0001