Yao Sui (姚燧) | 24 Histories

Overview

Yao Sui was a scholar, Writer, and Official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Muan	牧庵	Mù'ān
Posthumous name	Wen	文

Life and dates

Death

AD 1314 卒於家，年七十六
At at home 於家
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 174, passage 23

Age

13
AD 1251 年十三 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 7
18
AD 1256 十八 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 8
24
AD 1262 二十四 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 10
3
AD 1241 生三歲而孤 · Reckoning Sui · Occasion orphaned 孤
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 3
38
AD 1276 燧年三十八 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 239
70
AD 1308 燧年已七十 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 16

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76
AD 1314 卒於家，年七十六 · Reckoning Sui · Occasion at death 卒
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 23

Attested activity

AD 1275 十二年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 241
AD 1280 十七年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 246
AD 1286 二十三年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 250
AD 1290 二十七年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 252
AD 1270 至元七年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 15
AD 1238 to AD 1313 esteemed He Zhong
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 199, passage 127

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AD 1285 to AD 1314 三十年間
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 46
AD 1305 九年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 256
AD 1262 二十四，始讀韓退之文
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 10
AD 1295 元貞元年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 253
AD 1256 十八，始受學於長安
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 8
AD 1314 卒於家，年七十六
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 174, passage 23
AD 1285 to AD 1314 告病江東著表
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 174, passage 25
AD 1311 四年，得告南歸
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 20
AD 1301 大德五年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 255
AD 1251 年十三，見許衡於蘇門
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 7
AD 1285 to AD 1314 延祐以前
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 39
AD 1309 明年，授榮祿大夫
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 19
AD 1276 燧年三十八
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 239
AD 1241 生三歲而孤
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 174, passage 3
AD 1308 至大元年
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 16

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Yao Shu (姚樞)
paternal uncle 伯父 · paternal line · Through Yao Ge (姚格)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 1, 3, 18
Betrothed to Daughter of Yang Huan
betrothed his daughter to 醮以女 · Betrothal
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 6
Child of Yao Ge (姚格)
father 父
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 2-3
Parent of Yao Cheng (姚城)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 57
Parent of Yao Xun (姚塤)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 57
Parent of Yao Qi (姚圻)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 57

Kinship Role sons · Count 3
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 57

Key source chapters

Career and standing

renowned Confucian scholar 名儒
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 37
Compiler of the National History 修國史
AD 1309 兼修國史 · Appointed concurrently
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 19
commissioner overseeing schools in the Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhongxing, and other circuits 提舉陝西、四川、中興等路學校
AD 1276 兼提舉陝西、四川、中興等路學校 · Appointed concurrently
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 240
vice intendant of the Shaanxi Hanzhong Circuit Investigation and Punishment Commission 陝西漢中道提刑按察司副使
AD 1280 十七年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 246
direct academician of the Hanlin Academy 翰林直學士
AD 1287 明年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 251
assistant director of the Court of the Grand Minister of Agriculture 大司農丞
AD 1290 二十七年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 252

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associate administrator of the Jiangxi branch secretariat 江西行省參知政事
AD 1305 九年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 256
Grand Master of Special Grace 中奉大夫
AD 1305 九年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 256
Grand Master of Palace Discipline 中憲大夫
AD 1301 大德五年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 255
integrity commissioner of Jiangdong 江東廉訪使
AD 1301 大德五年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 255
Junior Tutor of the Heir Apparent 太子少傅
AD 1308 尋拜太子少傅 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 17
Controller of Imperial Edicts 知制誥
AD 1309 明年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 19
Grand Master of Splendid Happiness 榮祿大夫
AD 1309 明年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 19
Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts 翰林學士承旨
AD 1309 明年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 19
Grand Master for Discussion 奉議大夫
AD 1276 未幾，授奉議大夫 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 240
Academician Recipient of Edicts 承旨學士
AD 1308 未幾，除承旨學士 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 17
literary attendant in the Prince of Qin's establishment 秦王府文學
AD 1276 燧年三十八，始為秦王府文學 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 239
Guest of the Heir Apparent 太子賓客
AD 1308 起燧為太子賓客 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 16
Hanlin academician 翰林學士
AD 1295 元貞元年 · Summoned
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 253
investigation post for the Southern Mountains Hubei Circuit 山南湖北道
AD 1280 to AD 1286 調山南湖北道 · Transferred
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 248
Wen 文
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 24
Became
AD 1241 生三歲而孤 · Orphan
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 3
Took
AD 1301 移病太平 · Sick leave
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 255

Places and affiliations

AD 1270 至元七年
Polity Id yuan · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 15
Polity Id yuan · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 46, 52
AD 1270 至元七年
At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Departed from
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 15
AD 1241 樞隱居蘇門
At Sumen 蘇門 · Relation Resided at
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 4
AD 1301 移病太平
At Taiping 太平 · Relation Moved to
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 255
At Jiangdong 江東 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 25

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At Liucheng 柳城 · Relation Associated with
Directly stated · History of Yuan 199, passage 127
At Mount Sumen 蘇門山 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 25
Organization Hanlin Academy 翰林院 · Relation Member of
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 52

Learning and skills

AD 1256 十八，始受學於長安
At Chang'an 長安 · Relation Studied at
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 8
learning grounded in investigating principle and earnest practice 窮理致知，反躬實踐
Teacher Person Id Xu Heng (許衡)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 37
Belief Confucianism 儒 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 37
AD 1262 二十四
Skill prose composition 文 · Level praised as having a master-writer's manner · Mode hearsay
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 10
Skill prose composition 為文 · Level preeminent before Yanyou
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 38-39

Works and attributed material

Veritable Record of Emperor Shizu 世祖實錄
AD 1295 元貞元年 · Relation Compiler
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 253
Veritable Record of Emperor Shizu 世祖實錄
AD 1295 初置檢閱官…總裁之，書成 · Relation Chief compiler · With Gao Daoning (高道凝)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 254
Muan Collected Works 牧庵文集
Relation Author · Volumes 50
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 56
Tables of the Separation and Reunion of Dynastic Legitimacy 國統離合表
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 25
General Principles 凡例
Relation Commentator on
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 25-26
Comprehensive Mirror in Outline 通鑑綱目
Relation Reader of
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 25

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Preface to the Tables 序篇
Preface · Author
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 26-36
Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Wuzong (武宗) · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Yao Sui (姚燧)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 18
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 40-43, 53

Events and relationships

Collated Huizhou and Jian editions of Tongjian Gangmu and found three errors
Scholarly · Collator
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 25-26, 34
Declined junior tutor investiture
AD 1308 燧拜辭 · Court · Appointee
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 18
Hurried to court
AD 1286 二十三年 · Court · Summoned official · At Hubei 湖北
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 250
Instructed people
AD 1276 明年 · Diplomatic · Envoy · At Hanjia 漢嘉
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 242
Joined academy by relay
AD 1270 至元七年 · Travel · Traveler · At Taiyuan 太原
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 15
Met
AD 1251 年十三，見許衡於蘇門 · Meeting · Participant · With Xu Heng (許衡) · At Sumen 蘇門
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 7

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Obtained leave and returned south
AD 1311 四年，得告南歸 · Travel · Official
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 20
Pacified and comforted
AD 1277 又明年 · Administrative · Envoy · At Kuifu 夔府
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 244
Pacified
AD 1275 十二年 · Military administrative · Agent · At Yong and Shu 庸、蜀 · With Prince of Qin (秦王)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 241
Promoted schools and relieved people
AD 1280 to AD 1286 按部澧州 · Administrative · Inspector · At Lizhou 澧州
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 249
Received fifty baskets of gifts and distributed them; kept gold and silver for Hanlin Academy common use; took nothing
Personal · Recipient · With Prince of Shenyang of Goryeo (高麗瀋陽王)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 51-52
Recruited
AD 1276 又奉命招王立於合州 · Diplomatic · Envoy · With Wang Li (王立) · At Hezhou 合州
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 243
Refused poetry and prose to the Prince of Shenyang until compelled by imperial order
Political · Author · With Prince of Shenyang of Goryeo (高麗瀋陽王)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 50
Refused summons for illness
AD 1311 to AD 1312 中書以承旨召；明年，復召。燧以病，俱不赴 · Court · Summoned official
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 20-22
Released wrongly detained prisoners
AD 1280 錄囚延安 · Legal · Judge · At Yan'an 延安
Dated from the passage context · History of Yuan 174, passage 247
Served three missions
AD 1275 to AD 1277 凡三使蜀 · Diplomatic · Envoy · At Shu 蜀
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 245
Studied writings of
AD 1262 二十四，始讀韓退之文 · Scholarly · Reader · With Han Yu (韓退之)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 10
Wrote memorial inscriptions for dynasty's eminent men for thirty years
Scholarly · Author
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 44-46
Relation Rival of · Person Yuan Mingshan (元明善)
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 174, passage 55
Relation Student of · Person Xu Heng (許衡)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 37
Relation Served under · Person Prince of Qin (秦王)
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 239, 241
Relation Rival of · Person Zhao Mengfu (趙孟頫)
Strongly inferred · History of Yuan 174, passage 55

Assessments and attributes

Assessment accepted inscription commissions only for praiseworthy conduct; wording without empty compliment · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 47
Assessment before Yanyou no master of letters ranked above him · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 39
Assessment breadth of mind and bold spirit surpassed ordinary men · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 54
Assessment clarity and decisiveness admired by people · Mode hearsay
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 247
Assessment competent on each of three missions to Shu · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 245
Assessment prose broad, bold without extravagance, forceful without harshness, with Western Han manner; transformed late Song literary habits · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 38

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Assessment proud of his talent; looked down on Zhao Mengfu and Yuan Mingshan; gentlemen esteemed him less for this · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 55
pleased to write when hosts laid on generous feasts with music; otherwise hard to obtain his brush
Temperament
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passage 48

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Yuan 174, passages 1, 25

References in the histories

Search passages

History

23 passages

History of Yuan, Chapter 174Volume 174 Biographies 61: Yao Sui, Guo Guan, Jia Guzhiqi, Liu Geng, Ye Luyoushang, Hao Tianting, Zhang Kongsun · 22 passages

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姚燧，字端甫，世系見燧伯父樞傳。 Yao Sui, styled Duanfu, came of a family whose lineage is recorded in the biography of his paternal uncle Yao Shu.

燧生三歲而孤，育於伯父樞。 Sui was orphaned at the age of three and was brought up by his uncle Yao Shu.

樞隱居蘇門，謂燧蒙暗，教督之甚急，燧不能堪。 Shu had retired to Sumen and judged the boy slow-witted; he drove his studies relentlessly, and Sui found it unbearable.

楊奐馳書止之曰：「燧，令器也，長自有成爾，何以急為！」 Yang Huan wrote in haste to dissuade him: "Sui is promising timber; in time he will mature of his own accord—why press him so hard?"

至元七年，衡以國子祭酒教貴冑，奏召舊弟子十二人，燧自太原驛致館下。 In the seventh year of Zhiyuan (1270), when Xu Heng served as director of the Imperial Academy and instructed the sons of the nobility, he memorialized to recall twelve former pupils; Sui traveled by relay from Taiyuan to join them at the academy.

至大元年，仁宗居藩邸，開宮師府，燧年已七十，遣正字呂洙，如漢徵四皓故事，起燧為太子賓客。 In the first year of Zhida (1308), while Renzong still held his princely establishment and had opened a tutors' bureau, Sui was already seventy. Renzong sent the proofreader Lü Zhu, in deliberate echo of the Han summons to the Four Greybeards, to bring Sui out of retirement as guest of the heir apparent.

武宗面諭燧，燧拜辭，謝曰：「昔臣先伯父樞嘗除是官，尚不敢拜，臣何敢受！」 Emperor Wuzong addressed him in person, but Sui bowed and declined, saying: "My late uncle Shu was once offered this same post and even he did not dare accept the seal—how could I?"

燧以病，俱不赴。 Both times Sui pleaded illness and did not go.

諡曰文。 He was given the posthumous title Wen.

燧年三十八，始為秦王府文學。 At thirty-eight Sui first became literary attendant in the Prince of Qin's establishment.

初置檢閱官，究覈故事，燧與侍讀高道凝總裁之，書成。 When reviewing officers were first established to investigate historical precedents, Sui and the reader-in-waiting Gao Daoning served as chief compilers; the work was completed.