Overview
Yelü Bei was a Crown Prince and Imperial Family Member.
PeriodFive Dynasties
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal name | Li Zanhua | 李讚華 | Li Zanhua |
| Changed name | Li Zanhua | 李贊華 | |
| Posthumous name | Emperor Who Yielded the Realm | 讓國皇帝 | Ràngguó huángdì |
| Temple name | Yizong | 義宗 | Yìzōng |
Life and dates
Death
- AD 936 從珂之害Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 134
- AD 936Killed in his mansion on the deposed Tang emperor’s orderDated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 7
Age
- 38Reckoning Sui · Context at deathDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 134
Attested activity
- AD 916 神冊元年春Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 72, passage 10
- AD 926 to AD 936 Chronology stated or entailed by s0002, s0007Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 2, 7
- AD 920 五年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 18
- AD 921 六年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 38
- AD 926 冊為東丹王Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 71, passage 62
- AD 926 唐天成初Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 89
Show 13 more source-backed claims
- AD 919 四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passages 5, 8
- AD 924 天贊三年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 101
- AD 925 天贊四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passages 121, 139
- AD 926 天顯元年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passages 152, 187, 218; History of Liao 72, passage 111
- AD 926 後嫁契丹突欲李贊華Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passages 90-91
- AD 936 從珂害倍時年三十八Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 72, passage 134
- AD 926 to AD 937 讓國皇帝Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passage 74
- AD 926 to AD 937 遼東丹王突欲Directly stated · History of Yuan 146, passage 2
- AD 932 長興三年二月Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 52
- AD 932 長興三年夏四月癸亥Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 89
- AD 931 長興二年Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passages 3, 5, 10, 19-20, 32, 70, 143, 163, 174
- AD 931 長興二年Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 104
- AD 930 長興元年十一月Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passages 235, 237
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Ancestor of Yelü Chucai (耶律楚材)eighth-generation descendant 八世孫 · paternal line · 8 generationsDirectly stated · History of Yuan 146, passage 2
- Sibling of Emperor Taizong of Liao (遼太宗)brother 兄弟 · Full siblings
elder brother 兄 · Full siblingsSources vary in certainty · History of Liao 2, passages 59, 152; History of Liao 72, passages 19, 115 - Spouse of Mother of Longxian (Da clan) (隆先母大氏)consort 妃 · Secondary marriageStrongly inferred · History of Liao 72, passage 141
- Spouse of Lady Gao (高美人)consort 美人 · ConcubinageDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 31
- Child of Taizu (太祖)crown prince 皇太子Directly stated · History of Liao 2, passages 5, 152
- Spouse of Lady Xia (夏氏)divorce 離婚 · Marriage · Divorced
married 嫁 · MarriageDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passages 90, 92 - Sibling of Li Hu (李胡)elder brother 兄 · Full siblingsDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 48
- Parent of Shizong (世宗)eldest 長
eldest son 長子Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 38; History of Liao 5, passage 38 - Child of Emperor Taizu of Liao (遼太祖)father 父
son 男
eldest son 長子 - Spouse of Empress Rouzhen (柔貞皇后蕭氏)empress 后 · Primary marriage
empress 皇后 · Primary marriageSources vary in certainty · History of Liao 72, passage 140; History of Liao 5, passage 38 - Spouse of Empress Duanshun (端順)empress 后 · Primary marriageDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 140
- Child of Taizu (太祖)father 父Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 62
- Child of Forebear of Li Zanhua (讚華先人)forebear 先人Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 91
- Child of Empress Chunqin (淳欽皇后)mother 母Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 8
- Child of Lady Shulü (舒嚕氏)mother 母Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passages 86, 89
- Child of Empress Chunqin (淳欽皇后述律氏)mother 母Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 62
- Child of Empress Dowager Shulü (述律)mother 母Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 34
- Parent of Louguo (婁國)next 次
son 子Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 38 - Parent of Yelü Shao (耶律稍)next 次
son 子Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 38 - Parent of Longxian (隆先)next 次
son 子Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 38, 141 - Parent of Daoyin (道隱)next 次
son 子Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 38, 148 - Sibling of Yelü Deguang (德光)second son / younger brother of the eldest 次 · Full siblingsDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passages 89-90
- Child of Mother of Deguang (德光之母)son 子Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 104
- Parent of Emperor Shizong (世宗)son 子Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 1
- Kin of Emperor Taizu of Liao (遼太祖)son 子Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 25
- Spouse of Lady Xia (夏氏)wife 妻Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 127
- Kinship Role sons · Count 5Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 38
Key source chapters
- History of Liao, Chapter 72 Volume 72 Biographies 2: Imperial Family: Yi Zongbei, the Foreign Emperor Zhang Su, Shun Zongjun, Jin Wangaoluwo 33 passages
- History of Yuan, Chapter 146 Volume 146 Biographies 33: Yelü Chucai, Zhanhezhongshan, Yang Weizhong 1 passage
- History of Liao, Chapter 2 Volume 2 Annals 2: Taizu 2 14 passages
- Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 42 Volume 42 Book of Later Tang 18: Mingzong Annals 8 7 passages
- New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 73 Volume 73: Appendix on the Four Barbarians 2: Khitan 2 7 passages
Origins and identity
- Ethnicity Khitan 契丹Strongly inferred · History of Liao 2, passage 152
- Ethnicity Khitan 契丹Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 90
- Group Khitan 契丹Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 3
- Value Khitan 契丹Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 235
Career and standing
- King of Eastern Dan 東丹王Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passages 89, 104
- Huazhou (Hua/滑州) military commissioner 滑州節度使AD 932 長興三年夏四月癸亥 · AppointedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 89
- military commissioner of Huaihua Army 懷化軍節度使AppointedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 128
- military commissioner of Qianzhou (in absentia) 虔州節度使AppointedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 130
- supervisor of the realm 監國AppointedDirectly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 101
- surveillance commissioner of Ruizhou, Shen, etc. 瑞慎等州觀察使AppointedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 128
Show 21 more source-backed claims
- Huaihua Army military commissioner 懷化軍節度使AD 931 長興二年 · HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 143
- Huaihua Army military commissioner 懷化軍節度使HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 52, 89
- vanguard commander-in-chief 先鋒都統HeldDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 109
- Wuxin military commissioner in absentiaDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 6
- King of Eastern Dan 東丹王EnfeoffedDirectly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 62
- Prince of YanPosthumous trueDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 8
- augmented posthumous title 增謚ReceivedDirectly stated · History of Liao 14, passage 204
- Human EmperorDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 25
- Human Emperor King 人皇王AppointedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 117
- Founding Duke of Longxi County 隴西縣開國公AD 931 長興二年 · EnfeoffedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 143
- Eastern Dan prince 東丹王AD 931 長興二年 · HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 3
- Eastern Dan prince 東丹王HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 235
- Human Emperor King 人皇王HeldDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 89
- Renhuang Wang 人皇王InvestedDirectly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 152
- Dongdan KingDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 1
- AppointedAD 916 神冊元年春 · Crown princeDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 10
- EnteredUnder surveillanceDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 23
- adopted era Ganlu 建元甘露Regent · ExercisedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 118
- HeldTreated lenientlyDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 104
- Posthumously honoredDeceasedDirectly stated · History of Liao 5, passage 19
- lost office and resentful 失職怨望Displaced · Mode named-source-report Source Work Khitan State Annals 契丹國志Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 237
Places and affiliations
- AD 930 長興元年十一月Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Submitted toDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passages 235, 237
- Eastern Dan 東丹Relation RuledDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 89
- Polities liao, Khitan, Later TangDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 2
- Polity Khitan 契丹 · Relation Originated fromStrongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 52, 91
- Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation ServedStrongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 52, 89
- Polity Liao 遼 · Relation Member ofDirectly stated · History of Yuan 146, passage 2
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- Polity Id liao · Relation Associated withDirectly stated · History of Liao 5, passage 19
- Polity Id liao · Relation Member of imperial houseDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 235
- Polity Id liao · Relation Member ofDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 8; New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 90
- Polity Id liao · Relation RuledStrongly inferred · History of Liao 8, passage 30
- Polity Id liao · Relation RuledDirectly stated · History of Liao 21, passage 102; History of Liao 31, passage 74
- Polity Id liao · Relation ServedDirectly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 152; History of Liao 14, passage 204
- AD 931 長興二年At Tang court 闕下 · Relation Resided atDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 104
- AD 930 長興元年十一月At sea crossing from Deng/Qing reports 登州 · Relation Arrived viaDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 235
- At Dongping / Southern Capital 東平/南京 · Relation Exiled toDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 22
- At Eastern Dan / Tianfu 東丹/天福 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 117
- At Huazhou 滑州 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 130
- At Mount Yiwulü 醫巫閭山 · Relation Buried atDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 137
Learning and skills
- Skill Khitan and Chinese writing 遼、漢文章 · Level accomplishedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 34
- Skill yin-yang / music / medicine 陰陽、音律、醫藥 · Level expertDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 33
- Skill painting Khitan subjects 畫本國人物 · Level renownedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 35
- Skill paintingDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 4
Works and attributed material
- A Thousand Deer 千鹿圖Relation AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 35
- Hunting Snow Cavalry 獵雪騎Relation AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 35
- Joy in the Garden 樂田園詩Relation AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 24
- Mounted Archers 射騎Relation AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 35
- Stele on Building the Southern Capital 建南京碑Relation SponsoredDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 24
- Classic of the Hidden Talisman 陰符經Relation TranslatorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 34
Show 4 more source-backed claims
- Poem · AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 29-30
- Report · Author · With Emperor Taizong of Liao (遼太宗)Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 132
- Song · AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 121
- Speech · Speaker · Mode quotationDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 112-113
Events and relationships
- Abdicated in favorDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 19-21
- Arrived at court from Bohai with followersDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 3
- Attached himself to Later Tang because of the sworn brotherhoodPolitical · AppointeeDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 91
- Besieged HurhanMilitary · CommanderDated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 218
- BesiegedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 115
- Branded and burned maidsAbuse · AgentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 91
Show 12 more source-backed claims
- CampaignedMilitary · Commander · At Yan region 燕地Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 109
- Crossed sea to submitAD 930 長興元年十一月 · Diplomatic · PrincipalDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 235
- Defected to Later TangEvent defected to Later Tang · Historical eventDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 2
- Fled overseasTravel · Subject · At Tang 唐Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 31, 125
- Guarded capitalDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 110
- Led followers across seaAD 930 長興元年十一月 · Travel · Leader · Quantity more than forty followers · Mode named-source-report Source Work Khitan State Annals 契丹國志Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 237
- Led vanguard against WuguMilitary · CommanderDated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 8
- Passed overAD 926 唐天成初 · Political · Heir presumptive · Summary Had been expected to succeed and was serving in Bohai; replaced there by Anduan when Deguang was installed.Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passages 93-94
- Presented a Khitan territorial mapDiplomatic · PresenterDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 52
- Presented three seals of his stateAD 931 長興二年 · Tribute · PresenterDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 5
- Returned to his state with accompanying officersAD 931 長興二年 · Travel · LeaderDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 20
- Temple ritesRitual · HonoreeDirectly stated · History of Liao 21, passage 102
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment cruel and fond of killing · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 91
- Assessment exemplary in yielding the throne · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 39-40
- Assessment harsh and bloodthirsty toward servants · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 36
- Item imperial cap and robes 天子冠服 · Relation BestowedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 118
- Item Khitan map 契丹地圖 · Relation PresentedDirectly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 52
- Item ten thousand scrolls at Wanghai Hall 望海堂藏書萬卷 · Relation PossessedDirectly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 32
Source notes
- Historicity historical
- From Bei 倍 · To Muhua 慕華 · Also Surname: Eastern Dan 東丹Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 127
- AD 931 長興二年Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 143
- AD 931 長興二年Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 19
- To Li Zanhua 李贊華Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 129
References in the histories
83 passages
No matching passages.