Five Dynasties · Ruler

Li Siyuan 李嗣源

Died AD 933

Passages
296
Chapters
47
Histories
3

Overview

The translated histories identify Li Siyuan as a general, official, rebel, and royal family member. This record brings together 296 passages from 47 chapters across 3 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

TypeEnglishChinesePinyin
Personal Li Siyuan 李嗣源 Li Siyuan
Title Emperor Di
Title Emperor
Title Emperor Mingzong 明宗
Temple name Emperor Mingzong 明宗
Temple name Emperor Mingzong 明宗 Mingzong
Temple name Emperor Mingzong 明宗 Míngzōng
Title Emperor Mingzong 明宗 Mingzong
Temple Emperor Mingzong 明宗 Míngzōng
Temple name Emperor Mingzong of Tang 唐明宗 Tang Mingzong
Title Emperor Mingzong of Tang 唐明宗
Temple name Emperor Mingzong of Tang 唐明宗 Táng Míngzōng
Title late emperor 大行皇帝 daxing huangdi
Personal name Li Siyuan 李嗣源 Li Siyuan
Personal name Li Siyuan Li Siyuan
Childhood name Miaojilie 邈佶烈 Miǎojílìe
Temple Mingzong 明宗 Mingzong
Temple Mingzong 明宗
Temple name Mingzong 明宗 Mingzong
Temple Mingzong 明宗 Míngzōng
Temple name Mingzong 明宗
Title Mingzong 明宗 Mingzong
Personal Mingzong 明宗 Mingzong
Temple name Mingzong 明宗 Míngzōng
Temple name Mingzong of Tang 唐明宗 Tang Mingzong
Posthumous Sagely Virtuous Harmonious Martial Filial Emperor Mingzong 明宗聖德和武欽孝皇帝
Posthumous Sheng De He Wu Qin Xiao Emperor 聖德和武欽孝皇帝
Given Siyuan 嗣源 Siyuan
Personal Siyuan 嗣源 Siyuan
Title Son of Heaven 天子 Tianzi
Title Son of Heaven 天子
Title Tang Emperor Mingzong 唐明宗
Alternate Tang Mingzong 唐明宗
Title Tang Mingzong 唐明宗
Title Tang Mingzong 唐明宗 Tang Mingzong
Temple Tang Mingzong 唐明宗 Táng Míngzōng
Temple name Tang's Emperor Mingzong 唐明宗

Identity

Historicity
Historical
Identification
Named
Sex
Male

Roles

  • General
  • Official
  • Rebel
  • Royal Family Member
  • Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Attested activity

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

  • Ancestor of Li Chongmei (李重美)
    Kinship Term: imperial grandson / 皇孫 · Generation Distance: 2 · Subject Role: grandson · Object Role: grandfather · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Ancestor of Chongzhen (重真)
    Kinship Term: imperial grandson / 皇孫 · Generation Distance: 2 · Subject Role: grandson · Object Role: grandfather · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Parent of Li Congke (李從珂)
    Kinship Term: raised as a son / 養以為子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
    Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
    Kinship Term: adopted son / 養子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
  • Parent of Li Conghou (李從厚)
    Kinship Term: fifth son / 第五子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Subject Birth Order: 5 · Line: paternal
    Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
    Kinship Term: Emperor Min / 閔帝 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
  • Ancestor of Chongxin (重信)
    Kinship Term: maternal grandson / 外孫 · Generation Distance: 2 · Line: maternal
  • Parent of Yuan Xingqin (元行欽)
    Kinship Term: adopted son / 假子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: adopted-son · Object Role: adoptive-father
  • Child of Li Cun (李存)
    Kinship Term: adopted son / 養子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
  • Spouse of Consort Wang Shufei (王淑妃)
    Kinship Term: consort / 淑妃 · Union Category: secondary-marriage
    Kinship Term: Consort Shu / 淑妃 · Union Category: secondary-marriage
  • Parent of Princess of Xingping (興平公主)
    Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: daughter · Object Role: father
  • Parent of Mother of Chongxin (重信母)
    Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: daughter · Object Role: father
  • Parent of Princess Yongning (永寧公主)
    Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
  • Parent of Li Congjing (李從璟)
    Kinship Term: eldest son / 長子 · Parentage: biological · Object Birth Order: 1
    Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
  • Spouse of Empress of Mingzong (明宗之后)
    Kinship Term: empress / 後 · Union Category: marriage · Subject Role: wife · Object Role: husband
  • Spouse of Empress Zhaoyi (昭懿皇后)
    Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Subject Role: wife · Object Role: husband
  • Parent of Empress Dowager Li (李氏)
    Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
    Kinship Term: third daughter / 第三女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: daughter · Object Role: father · Subject Birth Order: 3
  • Kin of Li Conghou (李從厚)
    Kinship Term: main branch / 本枝 · Line: paternal
    Kinship Term: one family / 一家 · Subject Role: kinsman · Object Role: kinsman
  • Spouse of Birth mother of Congyi (從益生母)
    Kinship Term: palace concubine / 宮嬪 · Union Category: concubinage
  • Parent of Li Congrong (李從榮)
    Kinship Term: Prince of Qin / 秦王 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Line: paternal
    Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
    Kinship Term: the Emperor's second son / 皇第二子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Subject Birth Order: 2
    Kinship Term: second son / 第二子 · Parentage: biological · Object Birth Order: 2
  • Parent of Prince of Qin (秦王)
    Kinship Term: Prince of Qin / 秦王 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
  • Spouse of Lady Wei (魏氏)
    Kinship Term: seized her / 掠得之 · Union Category: concubinage · Subject Role: consort · Object Role: husband · Relationship State: formed
  • Parent of Li Congcan (李從璨)
    Kinship Term: son / 諸子 · Parentage: biological
  • Parent of Li Congyi (李從益)
    Kinship Term: youngest son / 幼子 · Parentage: biological
  • Kinship Role: additional unnamed imperial grandsons · Count: 5 · Statement: Five additional unnamed imperial grandsons were appointed with Chongzhen in the group of six. · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931

Career and standing

Places and affiliations

Works and attributed material

Events and relationships

  • Kind: political-military · Role: recipient · Action: accepted Jingtang's plan and gave him three hundred elite cavalry · Other Person Id: Gaozu of Jin (晉高祖)
  • Kind: taboo · Role: authority · Action: ancestral-name-taboo-on-ao · Other Person Id: Zheng Ao (鄭遨)
  • Kind: military · Role: orderer · Action: attacked-Jixing · Other Person Id: Liu Xun (劉訓)
  • Kind: funeral · Role: agent · Action: buried-zhuangzong · Other Person Id: Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (後唐莊宗)
  • Kind: military · Role: suppressor · Action: campaigned against Zhao Zaili and was caught in the Wei mutiny · Other Person Id: Zhao Zaili (趙在禮) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 趙在禮之亂、明宗即位前 · Western Year: AD 926
  • Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: campaigned-against · Other Person Id: Yang Li (楊立)
  • Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: entered-Wei
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: feasted officials at the Festival Garden and visited Henan prefecture · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: administrative · Role: actor · Action: gathered those left behind while still a prince
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: held court at the Civilized Illumination Hall · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: hunted in the western suburb · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: ordered-eunuch-purge
  • Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: ordered-to-suppress · Other Person Id: Yang Li (楊立) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同光二年 · Western Year: AD 924
  • Kind: ritual · Role: officiant · Action: posthumously-enregistered-zhaoxuan
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: praised Li Xiang and granted him new robes · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: prayed for rain at Longmen Buddhist temple · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: rebelled-and-entered-capital · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 李嗣源兵反 · Western Year: AD 926
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: received and rewarded Tuyu at court · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: received New Year congratulations at the Bright Hall with ceremonial guard · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: received winter-solstice congratulations at Bright Culture Hall · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Kind: diplomatic · Role: host · Action: received · Other Person Id: Yelü Bei (耶律倍)
  • Kind: administrative · Role: authority · Action: sent Chai home after Zhuangzong's death · Other Person Id: Empress Shenmu Chai (柴氏)
  • Kind: political · Role: envoy · Action: sent-to-persuade-Yanzhang · Other Person Id: Wang Yanzhang (王彥章)
  • Kind: ritual · Role: sovereign · Action: suburban-sacrifice
  • Kind: summons · Role: summoner · Action: summoned-as-Left-Reminder · Other Person Id: Zheng Ao (鄭遨)
  • Kind: imperial-activity · Role: emperor · Action: visited the Palace of Utmost Virtue and the residences of An Yuanxin and Tuyu · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
  • Relation: former-superior-of · Person Id: Yuan Jianfeng (袁建豐)

Assessments and attributes

  • Assessment: deeply-commended-Li-Xiang-memorial · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment

Source notes

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 31Volume 31 Book of Later Tang 7: Zhuangzong Annals 5 · 7 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 37Volume 37 Book of Later Tang 13: Mingzong Annals 3 · 18 passages
丁亥,雲南巂州山後兩林百蠻都鬼主、右武衛大將軍李卑晚遣大鬼主傳能、何華等來朝貢,帝御文明殿對之,百僚稱賀。 On dinghai Li Beiwan, great ghost-lord of the Two Forests and Hundred Clans behind Mount Wushan in Qiong Prefecture, Yunnan, and grand general of the Right Martial Guard, sent the great ghost-lords Chuan Neng, He Hua, and others to court with tribute. The emperor received them at Civilization Hall, and the hundred officials congratulated him.
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 42Volume 42 Book of Later Tang 18: Mingzong Annals 8 · 13 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 51Volume 51 Book of Later Tang 27: Biographies 3: Imperial Family · 19 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 57Volume 57 Book of Later Tang 33: Biographies 9: Gao Chongtao · 3 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 62Volume 62 Book of Later Tang 38: Biographies 14: Meng Fangli, Zhang Wenli, Dong Zhang · 3 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 65Volume 65 Book of Later Tang 41: Biographies 17: Li Jianji, Shi Junli, Gao Xinggui, Zhang Tingyu, Wang Sitong, Suo Zitong · 9 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 66Volume 66 Book of Later Tang 42: Biographies 8: an Zhonghui, Zhu Hongzhao, Zhu Hongshi, Kang Yicheng, Yao Yanchou, Song Lingxun · 25 passages
《五代史闕文》:明宗令翟光鄴、李從璋誅重誨於河中私第,從璋奮楇擊重誨於地,重誨曰:「某死無恨,但恨不與官家誅得潞王,他日必為朝廷之患。」 (The 《Lost Texts of the History of the Five Dynasties》: Mingzong ordered Zhai Guangye and Li Congzhang to kill Chonghui at his Hedong mansion; Congzhang felled him with a mace; Chonghui said, "I die without regret—only that I did not help the Emperor kill the Prince of Lu; he will plague the court hereafter."
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 68Volume 68 Book of Later Tang 44: Biographies 20: Xue Tinggui, Cui Yi, Liu Yue, Liu Ye, Feng Shunqing, Dou Mengzheng, Li Baoyin, Gui Ai, Kong, Miao, Zhang Wenbao, Chen Yi, Liu Zan · 3 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 69Volume 69 Book of Later Tang 45: Biographies 21: Zhang Xian, Wang Zhengyan, Hu Zhuang, Cui Yisun, Meng Hu, Sun Yue, Zhang Yanlang, Liu Yanhao, Liu Yanlang · 8 passages
既而明宗為兵眾所劫,諸軍離散,地遠不知事實,或謂憲曰:「蜀軍未至,洛陽窘急,總管又失兵權,製在諸軍之手,又聞河朔推戴,事若實然,或可濟否?」 Soon afterward Mingzong was seized by the troops, the armies scattered, and being far away they did not know the facts. Someone said to Xian, "The Shu army has not arrived; Luoyang is in dire straits; the chief commander has also lost military authority—control is in the hands of the armies. We also hear that Hebei is pushing for enthronement. If matters are indeed so, might it perhaps succeed?"
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 70Volume 70 Book of Later Tang 46: Biographies 22: Yuan Xingqin, Xia Luqi, Yao Hong, Li Yan, Li Renju, Kang Sili, Zhang Jingda · 25 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 71Volume 71 Book of Later Tang 47: Biographies 23: Ma Yu, Si Kongting, Cao Tingyin, Xiao Xifu, Yao Zongzhi, Jia Fu, Ma Gao, Luo Guan, Chun Yuyan, Zhang Ge, Xu Ji, Zhou Xuanbao · 11 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 72Volume 72 Book of Later Tang 48: Biographies 24: Zhang Chengye, Zhang Juhan, Ma Shaohong, Meng Hangqiong · 5 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 73Volume 73 Book of Later Tang 49: Biographies 25: Mao Zhang, Nie Yu, Wen Tao, Duan Ning, Kong Qian, Li Ye · 6 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 74Volume 74 Book of Later Tang 50: Biographies 126: Kang Yanxiao, Zhu Shouyin, Yang Li, Dou Tingwan, Zhang Qianzhao, Yang Yanwen · 10 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 86Volume 86 Book of Later Jin 12: Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 1 passage
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 87Volume 87 Book of Later Jin 13: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 3 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 96Volume 96 Book of Later Jin 22: Biographies 11: Kong Chongbi, Chen Baoji, Wang Yu, Zhang Jizuo, Zhen Ruan, Hu Rao, Liu Suiqing, Fang Gao, Meng Chenghui, Liu Jixun, Zheng Shouyi, Cheng Xun, Li Yu, Zheng Xuansu, Ma Zhongji, Chen Xuan · 6 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 121Volume 121 Book of Later Zhou 23: Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 2 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 127Volume 127 Book of Later Zhou 29: Biographies 7: Lu Wenji, Ma Yisun, He Ning, Su Yugui, Jing Fan · 1 passage
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 130Volume 130 Book of Later Zhou 32: Biographies 10: Wang Jun, Murong Yanchao, Yan Honglu, Cui Zhoudu · 1 passage
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 138Volume 138: Foreign States Biographies 2: Tubo, Huihu, Goryeo, Bohai Tungusic Tribes, Heishui Tungusic Tribes, Silla, Tangut, Kunming Tribes, Yutian, Champa, Zangkeman · 9 passages
明宗遣靈武康福、邠州藥彥稠等出兵討之,福等擊破阿埋、韋悉、褒勒、強賴、埋廝骨尾及其大首領連香、李八薩王,都統悉那、埋摩,侍御乞埋、嵬悉逋等族。 Mingzong dispatched Kang Fu of Lingwu and Yao Yanchou of Bin Prefecture with troops to suppress them. Fu and his commanders broke the Amai, Weixi, Baole, Qianglai, and Maisigui tribes, together with their great chieftains Lianxiang and Li Basawang, commanders-in-chief Sina and Maimo, attendants Qimai and Weisibu, and other clans.
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 139Volume 139: Treatises 1 Astronomy · 5 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 141Volume 141: Treatises 3 Five Elements · 2 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 143Volume 143: Treatises 5 Rites 2 · 8 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 144Volume 144: Treatises 6 Music 1 · 1 passage
History of Liao, Chapter 2Volume 2 Annals 2: Taizu 2 · 1 passage
History of Liao, Chapter 72Volume 72 Biographies 2: Imperial Family: Yi Zongbei, the Foreign Emperor Zhang Su, Shun Zongjun, Jin Wangaoluwo · 4 passages
History of Liao, Chapter 76Volume 76 Biographies 6: Yelu Jieli, Yelu Balide, Yelu Shuogu, Yelu Lubugu, Zhao Yanshou, Gao Mohan, Zhao Siwen, Yelu Oulisi, Zhang Li · 2 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 7Volume 7 Later Tang Annals 4: Deposed Emperors · 15 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 8Volume 8 Later Jin Annals 1: Gaozu · 14 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 9Volume 9 Later Jin Annals 2: the Emperor That Fled · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 10Volume 10 Later Jin Annals 1: Gaozu, Emperor Yin · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 12Volume 12 Later Zhou Annals 3: Shizong, Emperor Gong · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 16Volume 16: Family of the Tang Deposed Emperor · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 26Volume 26 Later Tang Biographies 6: Fu Xi, Wu Zhen, Kong Qian, Zhang Yanlang, Li Yan, Li Renju, Mao Zhang · 17 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 29Volume 29 Later Jin Biographies 9: Sang Weihan, Jing Yanguang, Wu Luan · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies of Martyrs to Virtue 12: Wang Yanzhang · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 34Volume 34 Biographies of Recluses 14: Zhen Gao, Shi Ang, Cheng Fuyun, Li Zilun · 2 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 35Volume 35 Biographies 15: Zhan Wenyu, Yang She, Zhang Ce, Zhao Guangfeng, Xue Yiju, Su Xun · 1 passage
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 37Volume 37 Biographies 17: · 2 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 38Volume 38 Biographies 18: Zhang Chengye, Zhang Juhan · 11 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 49Volume 49 Miscellaneous Biographies 29: Di Guangye, Feng Hui, Huang Fuhui, Tang Jingsi, Wang Jin, Chang Si, Sun Fangjian · 6 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 53Volume 53 Miscellaneous Biographies 33: Wang Jinchong, Zhao Suwan, Murong Yanchao · 3 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 69Volume 69: Hereditary House of Nanping · 4 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 71Volume 71: Timeline for the Hereditary Houses of the Ten Kingdoms · 2 passages
New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 73Volume 73: Appendix on the Four Barbarians 2: Khitan 2 · 2 passages