Overview
Yu Qian was a minister of War.
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Courtesy name | Tingyi | 廷益 | Tingyi |
| Posthumous name | Su Min | 肅湣 | Su Min |
Life and dates
Death
- AD 1457 天順元年春正月丁亥Put to death by the courtDirectly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 9
- AD 1457 天順改元丁亥Execution · At marketplace 市Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 214
- AD 1457 奪門ExecutionDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 277, 302
- Already deceased when posthumous rites were ordered in Chenghua twoStrongly inferred · History of Ming 13, passage 69
Age
- 7Reckoning SuiDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 3
Attested activity
- AD 1449 to AD 1450 上皇北狩且一年Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passages 127, 165
- AD 1449 九月Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 73
- AD 1450 于時八月Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passages 131, 135
- AD 1448 十三年Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 45
- AD 1449 十月Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 84
- AD 1457 天順元年Strongly inferred · History of Ming 13, passage 69
Show 15 more source-backed claims
- AD 1457 天順元年六月乙巳Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 12, passages 1, 47
- AD 1457 天順元年春正月丁亥Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 12, passages 1, 9
- AD 1457 天順元年春正月壬午Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 12, passages 1, 5
- AD 1457 天順元年春正月壬辰Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 12, passages 1, 13
- AD 1457 天順改元丁亥Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 214
- AD 1457 奪門Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passages 277, 302
- AD 1426 宣德初Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 5
- AD 1449 明年秋Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 46
- AD 1450 to AD 1457 景帝朝Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passages 184, 190
- AD 1450 景泰元年三月Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 115-116
- AD 1457 景泰八年正月壬午Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 204
- AD 1449 正統Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 169, passage 76
- AD 1441 正統六年Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 18
- AD 1421 永樂十九年Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 4
- AD 1449 to AD 1450 郕王監國Dated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passages 265-266
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Parent of Daughter of Yu Qian (于謙女)daughter 女Strongly inferred · History of Ming 170, passage 275
- Child of Father of Yu Qian (于謙父)father 父Strongly inferred · History of Ming 170, passage 44
- Child of Mother of Yu Qian (于謙母)mother 母Strongly inferred · History of Ming 170, passage 44
- Parent of Mian (冕)son 子Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 254, 256
- Parent of Mian (冕)son 子Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 1
- Parent of Yu Mian (冕)son 子Directly stated · History of Ming 13, passage 69
- Parent of Yu Mian (于冕)son 子Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 197, 199
- Exiled to frontierAD 1457 天順改元丁亥 · Kinship Role family · Quantity unknownDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 214
Key source chapters
- History of Ming, Chapter 170 Volume 170 Biographies 58: Yu Qian 105 passages
- History of Ming, Chapter 12 Volume 12 Annals 12: Yingzong Later Records 4 passages
- History of Ming, Chapter 169 Volume 169 Biographies 57: Gao Gu, Hu Ying, Wang Zhi 3 passages
- History of Ming, Chapter 13 Volume 13 Annals 13: Xianzong 1 1 passage
- History of Ming, Chapter 14 Volume 14 Annals 14: Xianzong 2 1 passage
Career and standing
- minister consulted on appointments 用事大臣Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 184-185
- Left Vice Minister of War 兵部左侍郎AD 1448 十三年 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 45
- Minister of War 兵部尚書AD 1449 土木後 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 58
- Vice Minister of War 兵部右侍郎AD 1426 宣德 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 15
- supervising censor 御史AD 1426 宣德初 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 5
- Junior Guardian 少保AD 1449 論功 · AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 111
Show 23 more source-backed claims
- grand coordinator of Henan and Shanxi 巡撫河南、山西AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 15
- Left Vice Minister 左侍郎AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 31
- vice director of the Court of Revision 大理寺少卿AppointedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 40
- Minister of War 兵部尚書AD 1457 天順元年春正月壬午 · HeldDirectly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 5
- Minister of War 兵部尚書AD 1450 to AD 1457 景帝朝 · HeldStrongly inferred · History of Ming 170, passage 236
- grand coordinator 巡撫HeldDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 299
- Ministry of War 兵部HeldDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 165
- Special Advancement Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, Pillar of the State, and Grand Tutor 特進光祿大夫、柱國、太傅AD 1489 弘治二年 · Posthumously grantedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 250
- consolation and restored rank 復官賜恤Posthumously grantedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 304
- office restored with sacrificial honors 復官賜祭AD 1465 成化初 · Posthumously restoredDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 246
- posthumous title Zhong Su 諡忠肅AD 1573 to AD 1620 萬曆中 · ChangedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 252
- posthumous title Su Min 諡肅湣AD 1489 弘治二年 · GrantedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 250
- overall supervisor of military affairs 總督軍務GrantedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 111
- EnteredAD 1448 繫獄三月 · ImprisonmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 39
- PracticedFrugalDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 178
- ReceivedAD 1460 to AD 1461 又數年 · Posthumous rehabilitationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 245
- EnteredAD 1457 景泰八年正月壬午 · ImprisonmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 204
- sentenced to death then released 論死得釋PardonedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 39-40
- wrongful death redressed 卹于謙之冤Directly stated · History of Ming 14, passage 195
- extreme penalty 極刑Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 208-209
- SufferedAD 1457 天順元年春正月丁亥 · Legal Action execution 殺Directly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 9
- SufferedAD 1457 天順元年春正月壬午 · Legal Action imprisonment in the Brocade Guard prison 下錦衣衛獄Directly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 5
- SufferedAD 1457 天順改元丁亥 · Property confiscationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 214
Places and affiliations
- Ming 明Relation ServedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 4-5, 184, 238
- Ming 明Relation ServedStrongly inferred · History of Ming 170, passages 265, 301
- Polity Ming 明 · Relation ServedStrongly inferred · History of Ming 12, passages 5, 9, 13; History of Ming 13, passage 69
- Polity Ming 明 · Relation ServedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 137, 165
- At Qiantang 錢塘Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 2
- AD 1458 踰年歸葬At Hangzhou 杭州 · Relation Buried atDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 231
Show 8 more source-backed claims
- At duty hall 直廬 · Relation Lodged atDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 219
- At Hangzhou 杭州 · Relation Cult maintainedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 253
- At Henan 河南 · Relation Cult maintainedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 253
- At Henan 河南 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 15
- At Jiangxi 江西 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 13
- At Shanxi 山西 · Relation Cult maintainedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 253
- At Shanxi 山西 · Relation Posted toDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 15
- At Xihua Gate mansion 西華門 · Relation Offered residenceDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 179
Learning and skills
- EarnedAD 1421 永樂十九年 · Credential Presented Scholar 進士Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 4
Works and attributed material
- AD 1449 九月Memorial · Author · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 73-82
- AD 1450 景泰元年Speech · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 118-122
- AD 1441 正統六年Memorial · Author · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 18-23
- Patent of nobility · Subject · Extent s0247, s0248 · Mode quotation Source Work patent of nobility 誥Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 247-248
- Memorial speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Shi Heng (石亨)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 199-201
- Memorial · Author · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Yu Qian (于謙)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 131-134
Show 6 more source-backed claims
- Oral statement · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Shi Heng (石亨)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 210
- Oral statement · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 191
- Speech · Speaker · With Xu Gui (許貴) · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Yu Qian (于謙)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 123
- Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Yu Qian (于謙)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 138-139, 161, 179
- If I have faults, face me and regulate me—how did it come to this?Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 294
- Speech · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 52-53, 87, 112
Events and relationships
- A public list of his faction was posted throughout the realmAD 1457 天順元年春正月壬辰 · Political · SubjectDirectly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 13
- Accused of monopolizing powerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 188
- Alone directed campaigns against rebels and frontier crisesMilitary · DirectorDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 168-169
- Blocked abolition of Guizhou two commissionsDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 161-162
- Case cleared after Heng and Jixiang fallsAD 1460 to AD 1461 又數年 · Legal · SubjectDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 245
- Cleared wrongful imprisonmentsInspection · Inspector · At Jiangxi 江西Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 13
Show 43 more source-backed claims
- Defended Beijing against EsenDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 84, 88, 100
- Dispersed near capital surrendered settlers via southwest campaignsPolitical · PlannerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 156-157
- Entrusted lure and killing of agentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 128
- Falsely charged with plotting to change heirAD 1457 景泰八年正月壬午 · Legal · Target · With Huang Qiong (黃竑) · Mode allegation Source Person Id Shi Heng (石亨)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 205
- Falsely charged with plotting to enthrone Prince of Xiang sonDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 206
- Forced to death by Xu Shi factionDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 302
- Frontier commanders thereafter advocated war not peaceMilitary · Policy makerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 125
- Impeached for breach in Miao campaignDated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passage 203
- Impeached for inflating merit rollsDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 187
- Opposed moving capital southCourt · SpeakerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 52-53
- Opposed peace talksDiplomatic · OpponentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 193
- Proposed selecting 150000 elite into ten regiment campsMilitary · ReformerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 149-150
- Ransomed several hundred captives from Oirat tribute missionsDiplomatic · MemorialistDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 152-153
- Rebuked for urging southward moveDated from the passage context · History of Ming 170, passage 194
- Rebutted critics on ancestral institutionsPolitical · SpeakerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 189
- Received commanded sacrificial rites; the Chenghua date is commemoration onlyAD 1466 成化二年八月丁卯 · Ritual · Deceased honoreeDirectly stated · History of Ming 13, passage 69
- Refused bestowed mansion at Xihua GateDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 179-180
- Repaired arms and secured frontierMilitary · OrganizerDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 300
- Requested pardon and reemploymentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 196
- Requested personal campaign against Esen and TogtoDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 163
- Requested troops at Juyong Pass against surpriseMilitary · Proposer · At Juyong Pass 居庸關Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 145
- Resisted invaders outside wallsMilitary · CommanderDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 266
- Secretly ordered seizure and executionDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 127
- Secured return of former emperorDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 142
- Seized and imprisonedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 204
- Sent stern rebuke by dispatchDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 124
- Sent Sun An to recover eight fortsDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 159
- Shown secret memorial against himself and thanked emperorPolitical · SubjectDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 291, 295
- Sought special release of family with promised enfeoffmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 129
- Stopped gathering wild vegetables and making dried fishPolitical · CounselorDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 183
- Submitted three frontier security policiesPolitical · MemorialistDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 147
- Swore not to live while enemy survivedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 218
- Twice declined double salary as concurrent palace staffPolitical · AppointeeDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 176-177
- Urged Nanjing and interior security measuresPolitical · MemorialistDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 131-134
- Urged swift welcome of former emperor while affirming settled throneDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 138-139
- Jiang Lin was executed as a member of his factionDirectly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 47
- Relation Trusted by · Person Jing Emperor (景帝)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 301
- Relation Rival of · Person Wang Zhen (王振)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 36, 38
- Relation Recommended · Person Sun Yuanzhen (孫原貞)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 37
- Relation Recommended · Person Wang Lai (王來)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 37
- Relation Recommender of · Person Wu Ning (吳寧)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 265
- Relation Patron of · Person Wang Wei (王偉)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 290
- Relation Recommender of · Person Wang Wei (王偉)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 285-286
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment answered truthfully without concealment or fear of resentment · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 185
- Assessment contemporaries called his death wrongful · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 302
- Assessment did not speak of his merit after former emperor returned · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 175
- Assessment died without surplus wealth; incorrupt · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 224, 226
- Assessment future statesman who rescues the realm · Mode quotationDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 3
- Assessment held timid ministers and old nobility in contempt · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 192
Show 15 more source-backed claims
- Assessment loyal heart and righteous fervor vie with sun and moon · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 304
- Assessment loyalty pitied; known to have been wronged · Mode quotation Source Work patent of nobility 誥Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 248
- Assessment outstanding reputation and achievements as grand coordinator; talent to govern an age · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 299
- Assessment preserved the altars in crisis; stood alone on public principle; jointly envied by powerful traitors · Mode quotation Source Work patent of nobility 誥Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 247
- Assessment realm depends on him · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Wang Zhi (王直)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 66-67
- Assessment return of former emperor was Qian's doing · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 142
- Assessment talent surpassing Gu Zuo · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Gu Zuo (顧佐)Directly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 7
- Assessment talent, energy, and devotion unmatched in his time · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passages 170, 173-174
- Assessment worried for the state and forgot household; person tied to security; will set on ancestral altars; immense achievement · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 301
- stern/rigid by natureCharacterDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 191
- chronic phlegm disorderIllnessDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 220
- AD 1457 天順元年春正月丁亥Item household property 家 · Relation Registered and confiscated after his executionDirectly stated · History of Ming 12, passage 9
- AD 1450 to AD 1457 景帝朝Item python robes and swords 蟒衣、劍器 · Relation BestowedDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 225
- Item Commending Merit shrine 旌功祠 · Relation Bestowed at tombDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 251
- Item imperial letters, robes, and silver ingots 璽書、袍、錠 · Relation Sealed and inspected yearlyDirectly stated · History of Ming 170, passage 181
References in the histories
114 passages
No matching passages.