Zhang Yongde (張永德)

Overview

Zhang Yongde was an Imperial Son-in-Law and Military Commissioner.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 951 廣順元年四月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 121, passage 124
AD 956 周世宗征淮
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 94; New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 190
AD 958 夏四月甲戌
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 97
AD 954 顯德元年三月
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 70, passage 43
AD 959 顯德六年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passage 72; Old History of the Five Dynasties 120, passage 20
AD 957 顯德四年五月丁酉
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Spouse of Daughter of Zhou Taizu (周太祖之女)
married a daughter of Taizu of Zhou 尚周太祖之女 · Marriage
married to 尚 · Marriage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passage 72
Spouse of Princess Shou'an (壽安公主)
married 降 · Marriage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 121, passage 124

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Xuzhou military commissioner 許州節度使
AD 959 顯德六年七月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 120, passage 20
Chanzhou military commissioner 澶州節度使
AD 957 顯德四年五月丁酉 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85
Chan Prefecture military governor 澶州節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 97
Director of the Palace Front 殿前都點檢
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85
Huazhou military commissioner 滑州節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85
imperial son-in-law 駙馬都尉
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Military Commissioner of Chanzhou 澶州節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passages 72, 94
Director of the Palace Front 殿前都點檢
Removed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passage 94
acting Grand Marshal 檢校太尉
Advanced
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85

Places and affiliations

Later Zhou 周
Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 190
Polity Later Zhou 周 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 117, passage 85
Polity Later Zhou 後周 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 97

Works and attributed material

Eastern Capital Miscellany, Biography of Zhang Yongde 東都事略·張永德傳
Relation Subject of
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 121, passage 4
Memorial · Author · With Zhou Shizong (周世宗) · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Zhang Yongde (張永德)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 191
Speech · Speaker · With Shizong (世宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 119, passages 74-75

Events and relationships

Left to attack
AD 956 周世宗征淮 · Military · Commander · At Lu and Shou 廬壽
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 190
Memorialized rebellion charge
AD 956 周世宗征淮 · Political · Accuser · With Li Chongjin (李重進)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 191
Went to northern frontier
AD 958 夏四月甲戌 · Military · Commander · At northern frontier 北邊
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 97
Relation Accused of rebellion · Person Li Chongjin (李重進)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 191
Relation Rival of · Person Li Chongjin (李重進)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 94

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 118, passage 97; New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 94

References in the histories

Search passages

History

13 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 117Volume 117 Book of Later Zhou 19: Shizong Annals 4 · 1 passage

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丁酉，以滑州節度使兼殿前都點檢、駙馬都尉張永德為澶州節度使，加檢校太尉； On dingyou, Zhang Yongde, Huazhou commissioner, Director of the Palace Front, and imperial son-in-law, was made Chanzhou commissioner and acting Grand Marshal;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 118Volume 118 Book of Later Zhou 20: Shizong Annals 5 · 1 passage

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甲戌，澶州節度使張永德準詔赴北邊，以契丹犯境故也。 On jiaxu Chan Prefecture military governor Zhang Yongde, pursuant to edict, went to the northern frontier because the Khitan had violated the border.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 119Volume 119 Book of Later Zhou 21: Shizong Annals 6 · 4 passages

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時張永德為澶州節度使，永德尚周太祖之女，以親故，獨得至臥內，於是群臣因永德言曰：「天下未定，根本空虛，四方諸侯惟幸京師之有變。 Zhang Yongde was then military commissioner of Chanzhou; having married a daughter of Taizu of Zhou, he alone was admitted to the sickroom by reason of kinship. The officials therefore spoke through Yongde: "The realm is not yet settled and the capital lies exposed; the regional lords all hope for upheaval in the capital.

永德然之，乘間為世宗言如群臣旨，世宗問：「誰使汝為此言？」 Yongde agreed and at an opportune moment relayed the officials' plea to Shizong. Shizong asked, "Who put you up to this?"

永德對以群臣之意皆願為此，世宗熟思久之，嘆曰：「吾固知汝必為人所教，獨不喻吾意哉！ Yongde replied that all the officials wished it. Shizong thought long and sighed: "I knew someone had coached you—you alone fail to grasp what I mean!

澶州節度使兼殿前都點檢、駙馬都尉張永德落軍職，加檢校太尉、同平章事； Zhang Yongde of Chanzhou, director of the palace front and imperial son-in-law, was relieved of his military posts and given acting grand marshal and concurrent grand councilor;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 120Volume 120 Book of Later Zhou 22: Emperor Gong Annals · 1 passage

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以澶州節度使、檢校太尉、同平章事、附馬都尉張永德為許州節度使，進封開國公； Zhang Yongde of Chanzhou, imperial son-in-law and grand councilor, became Xuzhou commissioner and was made Duke Who Opens the State;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 121Volume 121 Book of Later Zhou 23: Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 2 passages

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〈（《東都事略·張永德傳》云：周太祖柴後，本唐莊宗之嬪御也。 (The 《Eastern Capital Miscellany》, Biography of Zhang Yongde, states that Empress Chai of Emperor Taizu of Zhou had originally been a concubine of Emperor Zhuangzong of Tang.

第四女壽安公主，降張永德，廣順元年四月封，至顯德元年，封晉國長公主。 The fourth daughter, Princess Shou'an, married Zhang Yongde and was enfeoffed in Guangshun 1.4; by Xiande 1 she held the title Grand Princess of Jin.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies of Martyrs to Virtue 12: Wang Yanzhang · 1 passage

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而重進與張永德兩軍相疑不協，仁贍屢請出戰，景達不許，由是憤惋成疾。 Chongjin and Zhang Yongde distrusted each other and would not cooperate. Renzhan begged again and again to sally; Jingda refused—and resentment curdled into sickness.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 33Volume 33 Biographies of Martyrs to Service 13: Zhang Yuande, Xia Luqi, Yao Hong, Wang Sitong, Zhang Jingda, Di Jinzong, Shen Bin, Wang Qing, Shi Yanchao, Sun Cheng · 2 passages

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世宗亦以暑雨班師，留李重進、張永德等分攻廬、壽，周兵所得揚、泰諸州，皆不能守，景兵復振。 Shizong withdrew for summer rain, leaving Chongjin and Yongde to attack Lu and Shou; Zhou lost Yang and Tai; Jing’s army revived.

重進與永德兩軍相疑，有隙，永德上書言重進反，世宗不聽。 Chongjin and Yongde mistrusted each other; Yongde accused Chongjin of rebellion; Shizong disbelieved.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 70Volume 70: Hereditary House of Eastern Han · 1 passage

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顯德元年三月親征，甲午，戰於高平，李重進、白重贊將左，樊愛能、何徽將右，向訓、史彥超居中軍，張永德以禁兵衛蹕。 Third month, Xiande 1: he marched in person. On jiawu day the armies met at Gaoping—Li Chongjin and Bai Chongzan on the left, Fan Aineng and He Hui on the right, Xiang Xun and Shi Yanchao in the center, Zhang Yongde shielding the imperial train with the palace guard.