Fu Xi (符習) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Fu Xi as a general, military officer, named individual, and official. This record brings together 39 passages from 6 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Fu Xi	符習	Fu Xi
Surname	Fu	符	Fu
Surname	Fu	符
Personal name	Fu Xi	符習	Fu Xi
Title	Military governor	節度使
Given	Xi	習	Xi
Given	Xi	習

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:031:s0104, jiuwudaishi:037:s0025, jiuwudaishi:054:s0123
Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:062:s0075, xinwudaishi:034:s0044
Value: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0001

Roles

General
Military Officer
Named Individual
Official
Warlord

Life and dates

Death

Manner: stroke · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中風卒 · Western Year: AD 926
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0024

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: AD 911-926 · Western Year: AD 926
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:026:s0001
Source Date: Text: 同光中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 923 · End: AD 926
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:037:s0037
Source Date: Text: 同光二年 · Western Year: AD 924
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:031:s0104
Source Date: Text: 天成元年 · Western Year: AD 926
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:037:s0025
Source Date: Text: 明宗朝 · Western Year: AD 926
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:054:s0123
Source Date: Text: 王鎔時 · Western Year: AD 921
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:062:s0075, jiuwudaishi:062:s0090
Source Date: Text: 節度使符習 · Western Interval: Start: AD 923 · End: AD 936
Strongly inferred · xinwudaishi:034:s0044

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Daughter of Fu Xi (符習女)
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
Parent of Fu Meng (符蒙)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Parent of Fu Lingqian (符令謙)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: field camp commander replacing Wenli / 代其行營 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:062:s0075
Label: Military Governor of Chengde / 成德軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0007
Label: Military Governor of Tianping / 天平軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0008
Label: Military Governor of Yining / 義寧軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0007
Label: Yanzhou military commissioner / 鄆州節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:037:s0025
Label: Qingzhou military commissioner / 青州節度使 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同光中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 923 · End: AD 926
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:037:s0037
Label: Qingzhou military commissioner / 青州節度使 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同光二年 · Western Year: AD 924
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:031:s0104
Label: Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent / 太子太師 · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0022
Label: Military governor / 節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:034:s0044
Label: Grand Preceptor / 太師 · Action: posthumously-granted
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0024

Places and affiliations

Label: Later Tang / 唐 · Relation: served
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0002
Place: Zhaqing, Zhao prefecture / 趙州昭慶
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0001

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Other Person Id: Emperor Mingzong (明宗)
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:054:s0123
Kind: speech · Role: speaker
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0004

Events and relationships

Kind: appointment · Role: appointing-authority · Action: appointed-Linzi-magistrate · Other Person Id: Shi Ang (石昂)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:034:s0044
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: besieged · Other Person Id: Wang Deming (王德明) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 攻文禮 · Western Year: AD 921
Explicit · xinwudaishi:026:s0006
Kind: travel · Role: actor · Action: entered-capital-court
Explicit · xinwudaishi:034:s0045

Source notes

Historicity: historical
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:054:s0123

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 31Volume 31 Book of Later Tang 7: Zhuangzong Annals 5 · 1 passage

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乙巳，以滄州節度使、檢校太傅、同平章事符習為青州節度使，以北京衙內馬步軍都指揮使、右領軍衛大將軍李紹斌為滄州節度使。 On yisi Fu Xi of Cangzhou—acting Grand Tutor and chancellor—went to Qing, and Li Shaobin, inner horse-and-foot commander of the northern capital and Right Guard general, took Cang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 37Volume 37 Book of Later Tang 13: Mingzong Annals 3 · 8 passages

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辛丑，以前青州節度使符習為鄆州節度使，以前華州節度使史敬熔為安州節度使。 On xinchou Fu Xi of Qing became Yan commissioner and Shi Jingrong of Hua became An commissioner.

初，同光中，符習為青州節度使，宦官楊希望為監軍，專製軍政。 In Tongguang Fu Xi had held Qing while eunuch Yang Xiwang as monitor controlled the army.

趙在禮之據魏州，習奉詔以本軍進討，俄而帝為亂軍所劫，習即罷歸。 When Zhao Zaili took Wei, Fu Xi marched to attack, but Zhuangzong was seized by mutineers and Fu Xi withdrew.

希望遣兵邀之，習懼而還。 Yang Xiwang sent troops to cut him off; Fu Xi retreated in fear.

至滑州，帝遣人招之，習至，乃從帝入汴。 At Hua Zhuangzong summoned him; Fu Xi came and followed him into Bian.

希望聞魏軍亂，遣兵圍守習家，欲盡殺之。 Hearing of the Wei mutiny, Yang Xiwang besieged Fu Xi's family to kill them all.

公儼遂與州將李謹等謀據州城，以邀符節，即令軍府飛章留己，兼揚言符習在鎮，人不便其政，帝乃除公儼為登州刺史。 Gongyan and Li Jin seized the city, memorialized to keep the post, and claimed Fu Xi's rule was unpopular; Zhuangzong named him Deng prefect.

公儼不時赴任，即以霍彥威代符習，聚兵淄州，以圖進取。 Gongyan delayed reporting; Huo Yanwei replaced Fu Xi, gathered troops at Zi, and prepared to advance.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Book of Later Tang 30: Biographies 6: Wang Rong, Wang Zhaohui, Wang Chuzhi · 2 passages

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時鎔故將符習為汴州節度使，會昭誨來投，即表其事曰：「故趙王王鎔小男昭誨，年十餘歲遇禍，為人所匿免，今尚為僧，名崇隱，謹令赴闕。」 At that time Rong's former general Fu Xi was military governor of Bianzhou. When Zhaohui came to seek refuge, he memorialized: "The late Prince of Zhao Wang Rong's younger son Zhaohui, barely in his teens when disaster struck, was hidden and spared. He is still a monk named Chongyin, and I respectfully send him to court."

符習因以女妻之。 Fu Xi therefore married his daughter to him.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 62Volume 62 Book of Later Tang 38: Biographies 14: Meng Fangli, Zhang Wenli, Dong Zhang · 2 passages

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惟王鎔略無猜間，漸為腹心，乃以符習代其行營，以文禮為防城使，自此專伺間隙。 Wang Rong alone remained unsuspecting and drew him into his inner circle; he replaced Wenli in the field army with Fu Xi and made Wenli commissioner of city defense, after which Wenli watched only for his chance.

是歲八月，莊宗遣閻寶、史建瑭及趙將符習等率王鎔本軍進討。 In the eighth month Zhuangzong sent Yan Bao, Shi Jiantan, and the Zhao general Fu Xi with Wang Rong's former army to suppress him.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 26Volume 26 Later Tang Biographies 6: Fu Xi, Wu Zhen, Kong Qian, Zhang Yanlang, Li Yan, Li Renju, Mao Zhang · 24 passages

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符習，趙州昭慶人也。 Fu Xi came from Zhaqing in Zhao prefecture.

少事趙王王镕為軍校，自晉救趙，破梁軍柏鄉，趙常遣習將兵從晉。 In youth he served Wang Rong of Zhao as a military officer. When Jin marched to save Zhao and broke Liang at Baixiang, Zhao often sent Xi with Jin’s host.

晉軍德勝，張文禮弒趙王王镕，上書莊宗，求習歸趙。 After Jin’s victory at Desheng, Zhang Wenli murdered Wang Rong of Zhao and petitioned Zhuangzong to send Xi home to Zhao.

莊宗遣之，習號泣曰：「臣世家趙，受趙王恩，王嘗以一劍與臣使自效，今聞王死，欲以劍自裁，念卒無益，請擊趙破賊，報王冤。」 Zhuangzong sent him off. Xi wept and said: “My house has served Zhao for generations, and the king once gave me a sword to spend my life in his service. Now that he is dead I mean to fall on that sword—but what good would that do? Let me strike Zhao, break the rebels, and avenge my king.”

莊宗壯之，乃遣閻寶、史建瑭等助習討文禮，以習為鎮州兵馬留後。 Zhuangzong was moved. He sent Yan Bao and Shi Jiantan to help Xi crush Wenli and made Xi acting commander of Zhenzhou’s forces.

習攻文禮不克，莊宗用佗將破之。 Xi besieged Wenli without success; Zhuangzong sent other commanders and broke him.

拜習成德軍節度使，習辭不敢受，乃以相、衛二州為義寧軍，以習為節度使，習辭曰：「魏博六州，霸王之府也，不宜分割以示弱，願授臣河南一鎮，得自攻取之。」 They offered Xi the Chengde command; he refused. They carved Xiang and Wei into the Yining army and made him its governor. He refused again: “Weibo’s six prefectures are a hegemon’s seat—split them and you look weak. Give me one command south of the river and I will win it myself.”

乃拜習天平軍節度使、東南面招討使，習亦未嘗攻取。 They made him military governor of Tianping and southeast pacification commissioner—but he never took a command by force.

趙在禮作亂，遣習以鎮兵討賊。 When Zhao Zaili rose in rebellion, Xi was sent with his garrison to put him down.

習未至魏，而明宗兵變，習不敢進。 Before Xi reached Wei, Mingzong’s army turned on him. Xi halted and would not go on.

明宗遣人招之，習見明宗於胙縣，而以明宗舉兵不順，去就之意未決，霍彥威紿習曰：「主上所殺者十人，公居其四，復何猶豫乎？」 Mingzong sent for him. Xi met him at Zuo county, but Mingzong’s rebellion still left him torn. Huo Yanwei lied to him: “The emperor killed ten men—and you were four of them. What is there to hesitate over?”