He Delun (賀德倫) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify He Delun as a general, military officer, official, and rebel. This record brings together 27 passages from 9 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	He Delun	賀德倫	He Delun
Given	Delun	德倫	Delun
Given name	Delun	德倫	Delun
Personal name	Delun	德倫	Delun
Surname	He	賀	He
Personal name	He Delun	賀德倫	He Delun
Personal	He Delun	賀德倫	Hè Délún
Given		德倫	Delun

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:006:s0099, jiuwudaishi:007:s0035, jiuwudaishi:069:s0070, jiuwudaishi:071:s0032, xinwudaishi:003:s0092, xinwudaishi:044:s0160
Sex: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:023:s0129

Roles

General
Military Officer
Official
Rebel
Warlord

Life and dates

Death

Manner: executed · Authority Person Id: Zhang Chengye (張承業)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0070

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 貞明元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 915
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:023:s0129
Source Date: Text: 乾化二年 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:007:s0035
Source Date: Text: 乾化元年五月 · Western Year: AD 911
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:006:s0099
Source Date: Text: 光化二年 · Western Year: AD 899
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:016:s0050
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 913
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:050:s0048
Western Year: AD 915 · Source Date: Text: 及張彥復脅賀德倫降於唐，德倫遣頲先奉狀太原。
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:071:s0032
Source Date: Text: 德倫鎮青州 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:069:s0070, jiuwudaishi:069:s0071
Source Date: Text: 貞明元年 · Western Year: AD 915
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0150
Source Date: Text: 贞明元年 · Western Year: AD 915
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:003:s0092, xinwudaishi:003:s0094

Family

Kinship Role: sons · Count: 1 · Note: one son granted ninth-rank regular post
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0099

Career and standing

Label: Military governor of Tianxiong / 天雄軍節度使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 貞明元年 · Western Year: AD 915
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0151
Label: military governor of Tianxiong / 天雄軍節度使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 贞明元年 · Western Year: AD 915
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0092
Label: circuit military commissioner / 諸道節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0099
Label: military governor of Pinglu / 平盧軍節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0092
Label: Military governor of Pinglu / 平盧軍節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0149
Label: Qingzhou Military Commissioner / 青州節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0035
Label: Military governor of Datong / 大同軍節度使 · Action: transferred
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0068

Places and affiliations

Place: Hexi / 河西
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0147
Place: Taiyuan / 太原 · Relation: died-at
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0069, xinwudaishi:044:s0070

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: attacked · Place: Suo county / 蓚縣
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:050:s0048
Kind: military · Role: defector · Action: defected-to-Jin · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 贞明元年 · Western Year: AD 915
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0094
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: marched-to-Liting · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾化二年二月 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0035
Kind: political · Role: defector · Action: surrendered Wei to Jin
Explicit · xinwudaishi:023:s0129
Kind: political · Role: actor · Action: surrendered · Label: surrendered Wei to Jin / 降晉
Explicit · xinwudaishi:044:s0065

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: blamed for failing to die loyal and instead defecting; held solely responsible though not chief mutiny instigator · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0095, xinwudaishi:003:s0096, xinwudaishi:003:s0097

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 6Volume 6 Book of Later Liang 6: Taizu Annals 6 · 1 passage

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諸道節度使錢鏐、張宗奭、馬殷、王審知、劉隱各賜一子六品正員官，高季昌賜一子八品正員官，賀德倫賜一子九品正員官。 Commissioners Qian Liu, Zhang Zongshi, Ma Yin, Wang Shenzhi, and Liu Yin each received a regular sixth-rank post for a son; Gao Jichang an eighth-rank post; He Delun a ninth-rank post.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 7Volume 7 Book of Later Liang 7: Taizu Annals 7 · 1 passage

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青州節度使賀德倫奏，統領兵士赴曆亭軍前。 He Delun, Qingzhou commissioner, reported that he was marching his forces to Liting.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 16Volume 16 Book of Later Liang 16: Biographies 6: Ge Congzhou, Xie Yanzhang, He Zhen, Zhang Guiba, Zhang Guihou, Zhang Guibian · 2 passages

Open chapter

從周與賀德倫率五百騎出戰，謂門者曰：「前有敵，不可返顧！」 With He Delun he charged out, telling the gatekeepers, "Enemies ahead—do not turn back!"

七月，並人陷澤州，太祖召從周，令賀德倫守潞州，德倫等尋棄城而歸。 Month 7 Ze fell; He Delun abandoned Lu despite orders.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50Volume 50 Book of Later Tang 26: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 1 passage

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時梁祖新屠棗強，其將賀德倫急攻蓚縣，率師五萬合勢營於蓚之西。 The Liang founder had just slaughtered the population of Zaoqiang. His general He Delun was pressing the attack on Suo county and had brought fifty thousand men to encamp west of the city in a combined force.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 69Volume 69 Book of Later Tang 45: Biographies 21: Zhang Xian, Wang Zhengyan, Hu Zhuang, Cui Yisun, Meng Hu, Sun Yue, Zhang Yanlang, Liu Yanhao, Liu Yanlang · 2 passages

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正言早孤貧，從沙門學，工詩，密州刺史賀德倫令歸俗，署郡職。 Zhengyan was orphaned early and poor; he studied under Buddhist monks and was skilled at poetry. The prefect of Mizhou, He Delun, had him return to lay life and appointed him to a prefectural post.

德倫鎮青州，表為推官； When Delun was posted to Qingzhou he recommended him as investigating officer;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 71Volume 71 Book of Later Tang 47: Biographies 23: Ma Yu, Si Kongting, Cao Tingyin, Xiao Xifu, Yao Zongzhi, Jia Fu, Ma Gao, Luo Guan, Chun Yuyan, Zhang Ge, Xu Ji, Zhou Xuanbao · 2 passages

Open chapter

及張彥復脅賀德倫降於唐，德倫遣頲先奉狀太原。 When Zhang Yan once more forced He Delun to surrender to Tang, Delun sent Ting ahead to Taiyuan with the formal submission.

賀德倫使西迎莊宗於晉陽，莊宗既得鄴城，擢為馬步都虞候，以其稱職，自是遷拜日隆。 When He Delun sent him west to welcome Zhuangzong at Jinyang, Zhuangzong, after taking Yecheng, made him chief inspector of horse and foot; his capable service brought ever higher appointments thereafter.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 3Volume 3 Later Liang Annals 3: Later Emperors · 5 passages

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平盧軍節度使賀德倫為天雄軍節度使，命官不書，非常而有故則書，此書為天雄軍亂張本。 He Delun of Pinglu was appointed military governor of Tianxiong. Appointments are normally not recorded, but this one was unusual and consequential, so it is written here to set up the Tianxiong mutiny.

己丑，天雄軍亂，賀德倫叛附于晉。 On jichou, the Tianxiong army mutinied, and He Delun defected to Jin.

軍亂書，首惡不書而書德倫叛，責貴者深也。 The text records the mutiny but not its chief culprit, and instead records Delun’s defection, because it assigns heavier blame to the higher-ranking man.

德倫不可加以首惡，而可責其不死以叛。 Delun could not be accused as the chief instigator, but he could be blamed for failing to die loyal and instead defecting.

張彥實首惡，而略不書，彥，微者，德倫可以誅而不誅，故以德倫獨任其責。 Zhang Yan was in fact the chief culprit, but he is omitted because he was a minor figure. Delun could have executed him and failed to do so, so Delun alone is made to bear the blame.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 23Volume 23 Later Liang Biographies 3: Yang Shihou, Wang Jingren, He Gui, Wang Tan, Ma Sixun, Wang Qianyu, Xie Yanzhang · 1 passage

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貞明元年，魏兵亂，賀德倫降晉，晉王入魏州。 In the first year of Zhenming Wei troops mutinied. He Delun went over to Jin, and the Prince of Jin entered Weizhou.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 44Volume 44 Miscellaneous Biographies 24: Liu Zhijun, Ding Hui, He Delun, Yan Bao, Kang Yanxiao · 12 passages

Open chapter

賀德倫 He Delun

賀德倫，河西人也。 He Delun came from Hexi.

梁太祖兼領宣義，德倫從太祖征伐，以功累遷平盧軍節度使。 When Zhu Wen also held Xuanyi, Delun followed him on campaign and rose by stages to military governor of Pinglu.

魏、博、貝三州仍為天雄軍，以德倫為節度使。 Wei, Bo, and Bei stayed Tianxiong, with Delun as governor.

德倫促牙兵上道，牙兵親戚相訣別，哭聲盈塗。 Delun pressed the tooth troops to march. Kinsmen took tearful leave along the road, and weeping filled the streets.

遲明，魏兵攻牙城，殺五百餘人，執德倫致之樓上，縱兵大掠。 At dawn Wei troops stormed the barracks city, killed more than five hundred men, seized Delun and hauled him to the tower, and let the army loot at will.

彥乃以楊師厚鎮魏州嘗帶招討使，逼德倫論列之，末帝不許，諭以詔書，彥裂詔書抵於地，曰：「愚主聽人穿鼻，難與共事矣！」 Yan cited Yang Shihou’s old joint title as pacification commissioner at Wei and made Delun argue it in memorials. The Last Emperor refused and sent an edict; Yan tore it and flung it down: “A fool led by the nose—no man can serve him!”

乃迫德倫降晉，德倫惶恐曰：「惟將軍命。」 He forced Delun to surrender to Jin. Delun quaked: “Only as the general commands.”

莊宗入魏，德倫以彥逼己，遣人陰訴於莊宗，莊宗斬彥於臨清而後入。 When Zhuangzong entered Wei, Delun—pressed by Yan—sent secret word to the throne. Zhuangzong beheaded Yan at Linqing, then marched in.

徙德倫為大同軍節度使。 Delun was moved to military governor of Datong.

王檀攻太原，德倫麾下多奔檀，承業懼德倫為變，殺之。 Wang Tan struck Taiyuan; Delun’s men ran to Tan. Chengye feared revolt and killed Delun.

貞明三年，賀德倫以魏博降晉，晉軍攻下洺、磁、相、衛，移兵圍邢州。 Zhenming 3: He Delun gave Weibo to Jin. Jin took Ming, Ci, Xiang, and Wei and moved to besiege Xing.