Liu Jiyuan (劉繼元) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Liu Jiyuan as an aristocrat, royal family member, and ruler. This record brings together 23 passages from 7 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Liu Jiyuan	劉繼元	Liú Jìyuán
Title	Duke of Pengcheng	彭城公
Given	Jiyuan	繼元	Jìyuán
Personal	Jiyuan	繼元	Jiyuan
Surname	Liu	劉	Liú
Personal	Liu Jiyuan	劉繼元
Personal name	Liu Jiyuan	劉繼元	Liú Jìyuán
Personal name	Liu Jiyuan	繼元	Liu Jiyuan
Title	ruler of Northern Han	漢主
Title	The Northern Han ruler Liu Jiyuan	北漢主劉繼元

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:007:s0110, liaoshi:077:s0010
Sex: male
Explicit · liaoshi:009:s0034, liaoshi:072:s0165, liaoshi:085:s0031
Value: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:079:s0102
Value: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0133

Roles

Aristocrat
Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 乾亨元年 · Reign Id: liao-qianheng · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 979
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:009:s0034
Source Date: Text: 九年 · Western Year: AD 977
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:085:s0031
Source Date: Text: 九月 · Western Year: AD 968
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:070:s0132, xinwudaishi:070:s0128
Source Date: Text: 保寧 · Western Interval: Start: AD 969 · End: AD 979
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:072:s0165
Source Date: Text: 保寧四年 · Western Year: AD 972
Explicit · liaoshi:077:s0173
Source Date: Text: 十九年二月甲寅 · Western Year: AD 969
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:007:s0128
Source Date: Text: 十八年秋七月辛丑 · Western Year: AD 968
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:007:s0110
Source Date: Text: 太平興國四年 · Western Year: AD 979
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0150, xinwudaishi:070:s0152
Source Date: Text: 景宗之世 · Western Interval: Start: AD 969 · End: AD 979
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:079:s0101, liaoshi:079:s0102

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Kin of Liu Kai (鍇)
Kinship Term: paternal uncles / 諸父 · Subject Role: uncle · Object Role: nephew · Generation Distance: 1 · Line: paternal
Kin of Liu Qi (锜)
Kinship Term: paternal uncles / 諸父 · Subject Role: uncle · Object Role: nephew · Generation Distance: 1 · Line: paternal
Kin of Liu Xi (錫)
Kinship Term: paternal uncles / 諸父 · Subject Role: uncle · Object Role: nephew · Generation Distance: 1 · Line: paternal
Kin of Liu Gao (鎬)
Kinship Term: paternal uncles / 諸父 · Subject Role: uncle · Object Role: nephew · Generation Distance: 1 · Line: paternal
Kin of Liu Xian (銑)
Kinship Term: paternal uncles / 諸父 · Subject Role: uncle · Object Role: nephew · Generation Distance: 1 · Line: paternal
Child of Liu Chengjun (承鈞)
Kinship Term: adopted son / 養子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: adopted-son · Object Role: adoptive-father
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Child of He (何氏)
Kinship Term: begot a son / 生子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Sibling of Liu Jien (繼恩)
Kinship Term: brothers / 兄弟 · Shared Parentage: maternal-half · Subject Role: elder-brother · Object Role: younger-brother
Child of Daughter of Liu Min (旻女)
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother
Kin of Liu Jiwen (劉繼文)
Kinship Term: related Liu / 繼 · Line: paternal
Spouse of Lady Duan (段氏)
Kinship Term: wife / 妻 · Union Category: marriage

Career and standing

Label: General of the Right Guard / 右衛上將軍 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0152
Title: Duke of Pengcheng / 彭城公 · Action: enfeoffed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0152
Status: surrender · Action: surrendered-to-Song · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾亨元年 · Reign Id: liao-qianheng · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 979
Explicit · liaoshi:009:s0048
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十八年秋七月辛丑 · Western Year: AD 968
Explicit · liaoshi:007:s0110
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 無為迎繼元而立之 · Western Year: AD 968
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0132

Places and affiliations

Label: Northern Han / 北漢 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · liaoshi:079:s0102
Polity: Northern Han / 北漢 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · liaoshi:077:s0173

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: Han-extinguished · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾亨元年 · Reign Id: liao-qianheng · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 979
Explicit · liaoshi:009:s0048
Kind: diplomatic · Role: recipient · Action: invested-as-emperor · Other Person Id: Han Zhifan (韓知範) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十九年二月辛酉 · Western Year: AD 969
Explicit · liaoshi:007:s0129
Kind: diplomatic · Role: requestor · Action: requested-investiture · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十九年二月甲寅 · Western Year: AD 969
Explicit · liaoshi:007:s0128
Kind: diplomatic · Role: sender · Action: sent birthday gifts to Nuli · Other Person Id: Nüli (女裏)
Explicit · liaoshi:079:s0102
Kind: military · Role: target · Action: Song-mobilized-against · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾亨元年 · Reign Id: liao-qianheng · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 979
Explicit · liaoshi:009:s0034
Kind: surrender · Role: surrendering-ruler · Other Person Id: Song Taizong (太宗皇帝) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太平興國四年 · Western Year: AD 979
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0151, xinwudaishi:070:s0152

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: ruthless/cruel · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0133

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Liao, Chapter 7Volume 7 Annals 7: Muzong 2 · 2 passages

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秋七月辛丑，漢主承鈞殂，子繼元立，來告，遣使吊祭。 On xinchou day in the seventh autumn month Han's ruler Liu Chengjun died and his son Liu Jiyuan succeeded; when Han reported the death, the court sent envoys to offer condolences and perform the mourning rites.

二月甲寅，漢劉繼元嗣立，遣使乞封冊。 On jiayin day in the second month Liu Jiyuan succeeded in Han and sent envoys begging investiture and a patent of enfeoffment.

History of Liao, Chapter 9Volume 9 Annals 9: Jingzong 2 · 2 passages

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鵩乾亨元年春正月乙酉，遣撻馬長壽使宋，問興師伐劉繼元之故。 In the first year of Qianheng, on yiyou day of the first spring month, tamasa Changshou was sent to Song to demand an explanation for mobilizing against Liu Jiyuan.

六月，劉繼元降宋，漢亡。 In the sixth month Liu Jiyuan surrendered to Song and the state of Han was extinguished.

History of Liao, Chapter 72Volume 72 Biographies 2: Imperial Family: Yi Zongbei, the Foreign Emperor Zhang Su, Shun Zongjun, Jin Wangaoluwo · 1 passage

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貶而復召，適見上與劉繼元書，辭意卑遜，諫曰：「本朝於漢為祖，書旨如此，恐虧國體。」 Though demoted he was summoned again; seeing the emperor's letter to Liu Jiyuan, whose tone was abject, he remonstrated, "Our dynasty is ancestor to Han—with wording like this, the dignity of the state will suffer."

History of Liao, Chapter 77Volume 77 Biographies 7: Yelu Wuzhi, Yelu Hou, Yelu Antuan, Yelu Wa, Yelu Tuiyu, Yelu Talie · 1 passage

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四年，漢劉繼元遣使來貢，致幣於屋質，屋質以聞，帝命受之。 In the fourth year Liu Jiyuan of Northern Han sent envoys with tribute and offered gifts to Wuzhi; Wuzhi reported the matter, and the emperor ordered the gifts accepted.

History of Liao, Chapter 79Volume 79 Biographies 9: Shi Fang, Yelu Xianshi, Nu Li, Guo Xi, Yelu Ameili · 1 passage

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北漢主劉繼元聞女裏為上信任，遇其生日必致禮。 The Northern Han ruler Liu Jiyuan, hearing that Nuli enjoyed the emperor's trust, invariably sent gifts on his birthday.

History of Liao, Chapter 85Volume 85 Biographies 15: Xiao Talin, Xiao Guanyinnu, Yelu Tizi, Yelu Xieli, Yelu Nugua, Xiao Liu, Gao Xun, Xi Heshuonu, Xiao Taliege, Yelu Sahe · 1 passage

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九年，奉使於漢，具言兩國通好長久之計，其主繼元深加禮重。 In the ninth year he was dispatched as envoy to the Han state, where he laid out a long-term plan for enduring peace between the two realms; the Han ruler Liu Jiyuan received him with exceptional honor.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 70Volume 70: Hereditary House of Eastern Han · 15 passages

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旻女後適何氏，生子繼元，而何氏及旻女皆卒。 She later wed a He and bore Jiyuan; both she and the He clan died.

無為迎繼元而立之。 Youwei installed Jiyuan as ruler.

繼元為人忍。 Jiyuan was ruthless by nature.

當繼元時，有鎬、鍇、锜、錫、銑，於繼元為諸父，皆為繼元所殺，獨銑以佯愚獲免。 Under Jiyuan his uncles Gao, Kai, Qi, Xi, and Xian were all killed—only Xian survived by playing the fool.

承鈞妻郭氏，繼元兄弟自少母之。 Chengjun's consort was a Guo; Jiyuan and his brothers had called her mother since childhood.

繼元妻段氏，嘗以小過為郭氏所責，既而以它疾而卒，繼元疑其殺之。 Jiyuan's wife Duan had once been scolded by Lady Guo for a trifle; she later died of illness—Jiyuan suspected murder.

繼元立，改元曰廣運。 Jiyuan took the throne and proclaimed the era Guangyun.

王師北征，繼元閉城拒守，太祖皇帝以詔書招繼元出降，許以平盧軍節度使，郭無為安國軍節度使。 Song's northern expedition found Jiyuan behind closed walls; Taizu offered surrender—Jiyuan as governor of Pinglu, Youwei of Anguo.