Ancient China · Scholar

Lu Zhong 魯連

Lu Lian

Attested BC 284 - BC 240

Passages
28
Chapters
6
Histories
4

Overview

The translated histories identify Lu Zhong as a named individual, philosopher, scholar, and statesman. This record brings together 28 passages from 6 chapters across 4 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

TypeEnglishChinesePinyin
Personal Lu Zhong 魯連 Lu Lian
Alternate Lu Lian 魯連 Lu Lian
Alternate Lu Lian 魯連 Lǔ Lián
Alternate name Lu Lian 魯連 Lu Lian
Personal name Lu Zhong 魯連 Lu Lian
Personal name Lu Zhonglian 魯連 Lǔ Zhònglián
Personal Lu Zhonglian 魯連 Lu Lian
Personal name Lu Zhonglian 魯連 Lu Zhonglian
Personal name Lu Zhonglian 魯仲連 Lu Zhonglian
Title Master Lu Zhonglian 魯仲連先生
Given Zhonglian 仲連 Zhonglian

Identity

Historicity
Historical
Identification
Named
Sex
Male

Roles

  • Named Individual
  • Philosopher
  • Scholar
  • Statesman
  • Strategist

Life and dates

Attested activity

  • Source Date: Text: 其後二十餘年 · Western Interval: Start: BC 250 · End: BC 240
    Explicit event contextual date · shiji:083:s0095, shiji:083:s0097
  • Source Date: Text: 詠詩引用 · Western Year: BC 284
    Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0126
  • Source Date: Text: 趙孝成王時秦圍邯鄲 · Western Interval: Start: BC 259 · End: BC 257
    Explicit event contextual date · shiji:083:s0001, shiji:083:s0004, shiji:083:s0011
  • Source Date: Text: 魯連 · Western Interval: Start: BC 284 · End: BC 250
    Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:022:s0021
  • Source Date: Text: 魯連 · Western Interval: Start: BC 284 · End: BC 250
    Explicit · liangshu:014:s0040

Career and standing

  • Label: strategist without office / 好奇偉畫策而不肯仕宦
    Explicit · shiji:083:s0002
  • Label: official post / 仕宦任職 · Action: refused
    Explicit · shiji:083:s0002
  • Status: refused-office · Action: maintained
    Explicit · shiji:083:s0002

Places and affiliations

Learning and skills

Works and attributed material

Events and relationships

Assessments and attributes

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Northern Qi, Chapter 3Volume 3 Annals 3: Emperor Wenxiang · 1 passage
Book of Han, Chapter 20Table of Ancient and Modern Persons · 1 passage
張晏曰:「老子玄默,仲尼所師,雖不在聖,要為大賢,文伯之母達於禮典,動為聖人所歎,言為後世所則,而在第四。田單以即墨孤城復強齊之大,魯連之博通,忽於榮利,藺子申威秦王,退讓廉頗,乃在第五。大姬巫怪,好祭鬼神,陳人化之,國多淫祀,寺人孟子違於大雅,以保其身,旣被宮刑,怨刺而作,乃在第三。嫪毐上烝,昬亂禮度,惡不忍聞,乃在第七。其餘差違紛錯不少,略舉揚較,以起失謬。獨馳騖於數千歲之中,旁觀諸子,事業未究,而尋遇竇氏之難,使之然乎?」 Zhang Yan said, "Laozi was deep and silent, and Confucius regarded him as a teacher. Though not ranked among sages, he surely counts as a great worthy. Wenbo's mother mastered the ritual classics; the sage praised her conduct and later ages took her words as a model—yet she appears in the fourth grade. Tian Dan restored great Qi from the isolated city of Jimo; Lu Lian was broadly learned yet disdained fame and profit; Lord Lin awed the King of Qin and yielded to Lian Po—yet they are placed in the fifth grade. Great Ji practiced sorcery and loved sacrificing to ghosts and spirits; the people of Chen were transformed by her and the state was full of improper cults. The eunuch Mengzi, turning from the great elegant style to preserve himself—after castration, wrote in resentment—yet is placed in the third grade. Lao Ai committed incest at court and threw ritual order into chaos, in deeds too foul to bear hearing—yet he is placed in the seventh grade. Discrepancies and errors are many; I have cited a few to expose the faults. Did he gallop alone across thousands of years, looking on at the various masters while his work remained unfinished, then soon meet the Dou family's disaster—and did that make it turn out this way?"
Book of Han, Chapter 22Volume 20: Prominent People from the Past Until the Present · 1 passage
Book of Han, Chapter 117Volume 100a: Afterword and Family History 1 · 1 passage
Book of Liang, Chapter 14Volume 14: Jiang Yan; Ren Fang · 1 passage
Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 83Biographies of Lu Zhonglian and Zou Yang · 23 passages