Qing · Royal Family Member

Zaiyuan 載垣

Attested AD 1858 - AD 1861

Passages: 30
Chapters: 5
Histories: 1

Overview

The translated histories identify Zaiyuan as an aristocrat, official, and royal family member. This record brings together 30 passages from 5 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Zaiyuan	載垣	Zaiyuan
Title	Prince Yi	怡親王
Title	Prince Yi Zaiyuan	怡親王載垣
Personal name	Zaiyuan	載垣	Zaiyuan
Personal name	Zaiyuan	載垣	Zǎiyuán
Personal name	Zaiyuan	載垣

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:133:s0074, qingshigao:389:s0028, qingshigao:394:s0181
Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0008, qingshigao:390:s0035

Roles

Aristocrat
Official
Royal Family Member

Life and dates

Death

Manner: granted suicide / 賜自盡
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0043

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 十一年七月 · Western Year: AD 1861
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0032
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1860
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:387:s0027, qingshigao:387:s0026
Source Date: Text: 咸豐八年 · Western Year: AD 1858
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:389:s0028
Source Date: Text: 咸豐十一年 · Western Year: AD 1861
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:389:s0039
Source Date: Text: 咸豐十一年 · Western Year: AD 1861
Explicit · qingshigao:390:s0035, qingshigao:394:s0181
Source Date: Text: 咸豐十年 · Western Year: AD 1860
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:133:s0074, qingshigao:133:s0075

Career and standing

Label: Assistant in government (one of eight) / 讚襄政務 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐十一年 · Western Year: AD 1861
Explicit · qingshigao:390:s0035
Title: Prince Yi / 怡親王 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:133:s0075

Places and affiliations

Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:133:s0074
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0008

Works and attributed material

Work: ten militia regulations / 團練章程十條 · Relation: author
Explicit · qingshigao:133:s0074, qingshigao:133:s0075
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Sushun (肅順)
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0040

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 133Volume 133 Treatises 108: Military 4, Local Militia · 3 passages

同時應詔陳言者，有載垣等所議團練章程十條，賈楨等所擬辦理章程八條。 Others responding to the edict included ten militia regulations proposed by Zaiyuan and colleagues, and eight implementation rules drafted by Jia Zhen and others.

旋命順天府府丞毛昶熙為督辦河南團練大臣，南汝光道鄭元善幫辦團練事宜，按照怡親王載垣等所擬章程辦理。 Mao Changxi, Vice Prefect of Shuntian Prefecture, was soon appointed to oversee Henan militia, with Zheng Yuanshan of the Nanyang-Ruzhou-Guangzhou Circuit assisting, under the regulations proposed by Prince Yi Zaiyuan and others.

毛昶熙按照載垣等會議章程，速即集團練勇，以輔兵力。」 Mao Changxi was to follow the regulations agreed on by Zaiyuan and others and quickly raise militia braves to reinforce regular troops.'

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 387Volume 387 Biographies 174: Zong Shisushun, Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Jiao Youying, Chen Fuen · 17 passages

肅順恃恩眷，其兄鄭親王端華及怡親王載垣相為附和，擠排異己，廷臣咸側目。 Sushun relied on the emperor's favor; his elder brother Prince Zheng Duanhua and Prince Yi Zaiyuan backed one another, squeezed out opponents, and officials in court watched them with unease.

敵軍近逼通州，乃改命怡親王載垣、尚書穆廕往議，誘擒英官巴夏禮置之獄，而我軍屢敗之餘不能戰，車駕倉猝幸熱河，廷臣爭之不可。 When the enemy neared Tongzhou, Prince Yi Zaiyuan and Minister Mu Yin were sent instead; they tricked and seized the British envoy Parkes and put him in prison. But with our forces already beaten repeatedly we could not fight on; the court fled in haste to Rehe, and ministers' protests availed nothing.

十一年七月，上疾大漸，召肅順及御前大臣載垣、端華、景壽，軍機大臣穆廕、匡源、杜翰、焦祐瀛入見，受顧命，上已不能禦硃筆，諸臣承寫焉。 In the seventh month of 1861 the emperor's illness turned grave. Sushun, the imperial chamberlains Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Jingshou, and the grand councilors Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Du Han, and Jiao Youying were called in to receive his deathbed charge. He could no longer hold the vermilion brush himself, and the ministers wrote at his dictation.

肅順等梗其議，擬旨駁斥，非兩宮意，抑不下，載垣、端華等負氣不視事。 Sushun and his party obstructed the proposal and drafted a rejecting edict that did not reflect the two palaces' intent, yet they still withheld it; Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and others in a fit of pique refused to conduct affairs.

九月，車駕還京，至即宣示肅順、載垣、端華等不法狀，下王大臣議罪。 In the ninth month the court returned to Beijing; on arrival the unlawful conduct of Sushun, Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and the rest was announced and referred to the princes and grand ministers for judgment.

下宗人府獄，見載垣、端華已先在，叱曰：「早從吾言，何至今日？」 Thrown into the Imperial Clan Court prison, he found Zaiyuan and Duanhua already there and shouted at them: "Had you listened to me sooner, how would you have come to this?"

載垣咎肅順曰：「吾罪皆聽汝言成之也！」 Zaiyuan turned on Sushun: "Every crime of ours was made by heeding you!"

詔謂：「擅政阻皇太后垂簾，三人同罪，而肅順擅坐御位，進內廷出入自由，擅用行宮御用器物，傳收應用物件，抗違不遵，並自請分見兩宮皇太后，詞氣抑揚，意在構釁，其悖逆狂謬，較載垣、端華罪尤重。」 The edict declared: "In usurping power and blocking the empress dowager from ruling behind the curtain the three were alike guilty; yet Sushun had presumptuously sat on the imperial seat, come and gone freely in the inner court, used objects reserved for the traveling palace, collected supplies due the court yet defied orders, and even asked to see the two empress dowagers separately with a tone meant to provoke—his treason and frenzy outweighed even Zaiyuan and Duanhua's crimes."

賜載垣、端華自盡，斬肅順於市。 Zaiyuan and Duanhua were granted suicide; Sushun was beheaded in public.

十年，命偕怡親王載垣赴通州，與英法聯軍議和，解桂良等欽差大臣關防授之。 In 1860 he was ordered with Prince Yi Zaiyuan to Tongzhou to negotiate with the allied armies; the seals of Guiliang and the other imperial commissioners were transferred to them.

十月，肅順、載垣、端華等伏法，穆廕與匡源、杜翰、焦祐瀛並罷直軍機，議罪。 In the tenth month, after Sushun, Zaiyuan, and Duanhua were executed, Mu Yin with Kuang Yuan, Du Han, and Jiao Youying were all dismissed from the Grand Council and brought to trial.

及議上，詔曰：「穆廕等於載垣等竊奪政柄，不能力爭，均屬辜恩溺職。 When judgment came in, the edict read: "Mu Yin and the others, when Zaiyuan and his party seized power, failed to resist; all were ungrateful and negligent of duty.

惟以載垣等凶焰方張，受其箝制，均有難與爭衡之勢，其不能振作，尚有可原，著即革職，加恩改發軍台效力贖罪。 Yet because Zaiyuan's party was then at the height of its power and had them in its grip, they had little chance to resist; their failure to act still admitted some excuse. Mu Yin was stripped of office but, by grace, sent to frontier military posts instead of Xinjiang to redeem his guilt.

文宗召對，孚恩與怡親王載垣等爭論於上前，載垣等以失儀自劾，詔原其小節，予薄譴，而斥孚恩乖謬，降三級留任。 Emperor Xianfeng called them for audience; Fuen disputed with Prince Yi Zaiyuan and others before the throne. Zaiyuan and the rest impeached themselves for impropriety; an edict pardoned their minor faults with light censure but condemned Fuen as wrongheaded and demoted him three ranks while keeping him in post.

初，孚恩以議禮忤載垣、端華、肅順等，及再起，乃暱附諸人冀固位。 Fuen had first clashed with Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun over court ritual; when he returned to office he courted them in hopes of holding his place.

詔謂：「孚恩當大行皇帝行幸熱河，命諸臣議可否，孚恩有'竊負而逃，遵海濱而處'之語，意在迎合載垣等。 The edict declared: "When the late emperor fled to Rehe, ministers were asked whether the move was wise; Fuen quoted 'carrying one's burden and fleeing to dwell by the sea,' plainly to please Zaiyuan and his party.

大行皇帝上賓，留京諸大臣中獨召孚恩一人赴行在，足證為載垣等心腹。 When the late emperor died, Fuen alone among ministers left in Beijing was summoned to Rehe—proof enough that he was Zaiyuan's trusted man.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 389Volume 389 Biographies 176: Bai Jun, Lin Kui, Rui Chang, Quan Qing · 5 passages

柏葰素持正，自登樞府，與載垣、端華、肅順等不協。 Baizhan had long been known for integrity; once he joined the Grand Council he fell out with Zaiyuan, Duanhua, Sushun, and their faction.

會御史孟傳金疏劾本科士論未孚，命覆勘試卷，應議者五十卷，文宗震怒，褫柏葰等職，命載垣等會鞫，得柏葰聽信家人靳祥言，取中羅鴻繹情事，靳祥斃於獄。 When Censor Meng Chuanjin charged that the examination essays had failed to satisfy scholarly opinion, the papers were re-examined and fifty were found suspect. Emperor Wenzong was furious, stripped Baizhan and others of rank, and ordered Zaiyuan's group to investigate. They established that Baizhan had heeded his retainer Jin Xiang and passed Luo Hongyi; Jin Xiang died in custody.

惟載垣、端華、肅順等因律無僅關囑託明文，比賄買關節之例，擬以斬決。 But Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun, finding no statute that covered entreaties alone, applied the precedent for buying examination favor and proposed execution—

由載垣等平日與柏葰挾有私仇，欲因擅作威福，竟以牽連蒙混之詞，致罹重闢。 because they bore private grudges against Baizhan and, abusing their power, used vague charges of implication to bring him to the heaviest penalty.

和議成，赴行在，籥請回鑾，為載垣、端華、肅順等所阻。 After peace was made he went to the temporary court and urged the emperor's return, but Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun blocked him.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 390Volume 390 Biographies 177: Jia Zhen, Zhou Zupei, Zhu Fengbiao, Dan Maoqian · 2 passages

皇上沖齡踐阼，欽奉先帝遺命，派怡親王載垣等八人讚襄政務。 The Emperor ascended the throne while still very young and, in obedience to the late emperor's testament, appointed eight men including Prince Yi Zaiyuan to assist in government.

及穆宗奉兩宮回鑾，祖培疏言怡親王載垣等擬定「祺祥」年號，意義重複，請更正，詔嘉其關心典禮。 When the Muzong Emperor returned with the two palaces, Zuopei memorialized that Prince Yi Zaiyuan and others had proposed the reign title "Qixiang," whose meaning was redundant, and asked that it be changed; the throne praised his concern for ritual propriety.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 394Volume 394 Biographies 181: Xu Guangjin, Ye Mingchen, Huang Zonghan · 3 passages

宗漢與載垣、端華、肅順等交結。 Zonghan was allied with Zaiyuan, Duanhua, Sushun, and their faction.

十一年，穆宗即位，載垣等獲罪。 In the eleventh year (1861) the Tongzhi Emperor ascended the throne, and Zaiyuan and his associates were condemned.

其意存迎合載垣等，眾所共知。 His aim was plainly to curry favor with Zaiyuan and his party, as everyone knew.