Qin and Han · Ruler

Zhang Er 張耳

Zhāng Ěr

Died BC 202

Passages: 85
Chapters: 12
Histories: 4

Overview

The translated histories identify Zhang Er as an aristocrat, general, named individual, and official. This record brings together 85 passages from 12 chapters across 4 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Zhang Er	張耳	Zhāng Ěr
Personal
Given	Er	耳	Er
Given	Er	耳	Ěr
Posthumous	King Jing	景王	Jing Wang
Title	King of Changshan	常山王	Changshan Wang
Title	King of Changshan	常山王	Chángshān Wáng
Title	King of Changshan	常山王
Title	King of Changshan	常山王	Chángshān wáng
Title	King of Zhao	趙王	Zhao Wang
Title	King of Zhao	趙王
Title	King Zhang	張王	Zhang wang
Surname	Zhang	張	Zhang
Surname	Zhang	張	Zhāng
Personal name	Zhang Er	張耳	Zhāng Ěr
Personal	Zhang Er	張耳	Zhang Er
Personal name	Zhang Er	張耳	Zhang Er

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · chenshu:013:s0177, hanshu:001:s0527, hanshu:041:s0002, hanshu:051:s0008, liangshu:014:s0238, shiji:048:s0055, shiji:051:s0003
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · hanshu:048:s0205, shiji:054:s0061, shiji:073:s0171

Roles

Aristocrat
General
Named Individual
Official
Rebel
Ruler
Statesman
Warlord

Life and dates

Death

Manner: died · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 五年秋 · Western Year: BC 202
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0218
Manner: violent
Explicit · liangshu:014:s0252

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 二世元年 · Western Year: BC 209
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:048:s0007, shiji:048:s0055
Source Date: Text: 五年秋 · Western Year: BC 202
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:041:s0218
Source Date: Text: 凶終 · Western Year: c. BC 202
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:014:s0252
Source Date: Text: 四年夏 · Western Year: BC 203
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:041:s0217
Source Date: Text: 圍趙王及張耳鉅鹿城 · Western Interval: Start: BC 209 · End: BC 207
Explicit · shiji:073:s0171
Source Date: Text: 張耳引兵 · Western Year: BC 205
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:054:s0061
Source Date: Text: 昔 · Western Interval: Start: BC 208 · End: BC 202
Strongly inferred · chenshu:013:s0177
Source Date: Text: 漢初 · Western Interval: Start: BC 209 · End: BC 141
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:051:s0008
Source Date: Text: 漢四年 · Western Year: BC 203
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:051:s0003
Source Date: Text: 秦滅魏 · Western Year: BC 225
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:041:s0011
Source Date: Text: 窮交 · Western Year: c. BC 202
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:014:s0238
Source Date: Text: 陳涉起 · Western Year: BC 209
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:041:s0017

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Zhang Ao (張敖)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Spouse of Wife of Zhang Er (張耳妻)
Kinship Term: wife / 妻 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: formed

Kinship Role: family members · Quantity: unspecified household members detained by the King of Chen
Explicit · shiji:048:s0072, shiji:048:s0075

Career and standing

Label: gatekeeper / 里監門
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0012
Label: chancellor of Zhao / 丞相 · Action: appointed
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:048:s0007, shiji:048:s0071
Label: chancellor / 丞相 · Action: appointed
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0048
Label: left and right commandant / 左右校尉 · Action: appointed
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0028
Label: magistrate of Waihuang / 外黃令 · Action: appointed
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0006
Title: King Jing / 景王 · Action: posthumously-titled
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0218
Title: King of Changshan / 常山王 · Action: appointed · Place: Xindu / 信都
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0139
Title: Former King of Changshan / 故常山王
Explicit · hanshu:048:s0205
Status: fugitive · Action: entered
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0003, hanshu:041:s0012
Title: King of Zhao / 趙王 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年夏 · Western Year: BC 203
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0217

Places and affiliations

Zhao campaign / 略趙地
Strongly inferred · hanshu:001:s0527
Polity: Zhao · Relation: served
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0048
Place: Daliang / 大梁
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0002
Place: Julu City / 鉅鹿城 · Relation: besieged-at
Explicit · shiji:073:s0171
Place: Waihuang / 外黃 · Relation: resided-in
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0003
Place: Xiangguo / 襄國 · Relation: capital
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0140

Works and attributed material

Kind: council speech · Role: co-speaker · Topic: Zhao strategy toward Qin, Chu, and Yan · Co Speaker Person Ids: Wu Chen (武臣), Chen Yu (陳餘), Zhao Sao (召騷)
Explicit · shiji:048:s0076, shiji:048:s0077, shiji:048:s0078, shiji:048:s0079, shiji:048:s0080, shiji:048:s0081
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Chen She (陳涉)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0020, hanshu:041:s0021, hanshu:041:s0022, hanshu:041:s0023, hanshu:041:s0024
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0014, hanshu:041:s0015
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Wu Chen (武臣)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0043, hanshu:041:s0044, hanshu:041:s0045, hanshu:041:s0046, hanshu:041:s0054, hanshu:041:s0055, hanshu:041:s0056, hanshu:041:s0057

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: besieged · Action: besieged · Other Person Id: Wang Li (王離) · Place: Julu City / 鉅鹿城
Explicit · shiji:073:s0171
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: crossed Yellow River at Baima with Wu Chen
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0028
Kind: political · Role: victim · Action: met-violent-end · Other Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · liangshu:014:s0252
Kind: personal · Role: beneficiary · Action: spread-wings · Other Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · liangshu:014:s0238
Kind: political · Role: took seal · Action: took Chen Yu's seal and troops · Other Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0131, hanshu:041:s0133
Relation: intimate-associate-of · Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘) · Kinship Term: closest kin / 至戚 · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · chenshu:013:s0177
Relation: retainer-of · Person Id: Prince Wuji of Wei (魏公子無忌)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0002
Relation: associate-of · Person Id: King of Zhao (趙王)
Explicit · shiji:073:s0171
Relation: destitution-friend-of · Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · liangshu:014:s0238
Relation: sworn-friend-of · Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0009

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: formerly stood with Chen Yu as close as nearest kin, then turned to mutual slaughter · Other Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · chenshu:013:s0177
Assessment: friendship founded on power and profit ended in mutual destruction · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0215, hanshu:041:s0216
Assessment: worthy · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0213
Item: seal and sash / 印綬 · Relation: received · Other Person Id: Chen Yu (陳餘)
Explicit · hanshu:041:s0131

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Chen, Chapter 13Volume 13: Xu Shipu; Lu Xida; Zhou Fu; Xun Lang; Zhou Jiong · 1 passage

昔張耳、陳餘自同於至戚，周敷、周迪亦誓等暱親，尋鋒刃而誅殘，斯甚夫胡越矣。 Once Zhang Er and Chen Yu stood as close as kin; Zhou Fu and Zhou Di swore the same kind of bond—yet they soon drew blades on each other, a breach worse than between Hu and Yue.

Book of Han, Chapter 1Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 1 · 9 passages

秦二世元年秋七月，陳涉起蘄，至陳，自立為楚王，遣武臣、張耳、陳餘略趙地。 In the first year of the Second Emperor of Qin, in autumn, in the seventh month, Chen She rose at Qi. He reached Chen, set himself up as King of Chu, and sent Wu Chen, Zhang Er, and Chen Yu to seize the territory of Zhao.

正月，張耳等立趙後趙歇為趙王。 In the first month, Zhang Er and others established Zhao's former king Zhao Xie as King of Zhao.

趙相張耳為常山王。 Zhao chancellor Zhang Er as King of Changshan.

陳餘亦怨羽獨不王己，從田榮藉助兵，以擊常山王張耳。 Chen Yu also resented that Xiang Yu had not made him a king. He borrowed troops from Tian Rong and attacked Zhang Er, King of Changshan.

耳敗走降漢，漢王厚遇之。 Zhang Er was defeated, fled, and surrendered to Han. King Han treated him generously.

三年冬十月，韓信、張耳東下井陘擊趙，斬陳餘，獲趙王歇。 In winter, in the tenth month of the third year, Han Xin and Zhang Er advanced east through Jingxing to attack Zhao, killed Chen Yu, and captured Xie, King of Zhao.

自稱使者，晨馳入張耳、韓信壁，而奪之軍。 He called himself an envoy and at dawn galloped into Zhang Er and Han Xin's encampment, seizing command of their army.

乃使張耳北收兵趙地。 He then had Zhang Er go north to gather troops in Zhao territory.

漢立張耳為趙王。 Han established Zhang Er as King of Zhao.

Book of Han, Chapter 41Volume 32: Zhang Er and Chen Yu · 57 passages

張耳、陳餘 Zhang Er and Chen Yu.

張耳，大梁人也，少時及魏公子毋忌為客。 Zhang Er was from Daliang. As a young man, he served among the retainers of the Wei prince Wuji.

父客謂曰：「必欲求賢夫，從張耳。」 A retainer of her father told her, "If you truly want a worthy husband, take Zhang Er."

女聽，為請決，嫁之。 She agreed, secured a separation, and married Zhang Er.

女家厚奉給耳，耳以故致千里客，宦為外黃令。 Her family funded him lavishly. With those resources he gathered talented followers from far and wide and eventually became magistrate of Waihuang.

餘年少，父事耳，相與為刎頸交。 Though younger, Chen Yu treated Zhang Er like a father, and the two became sworn friends willing to die for each other.

高祖為布衣時，嘗從耳遊。 Before he rose to power, Gaozu had once traveled with Zhang Er.

秦滅魏，購求耳千金，餘五百金。 After Qin conquered Wei, bounties were posted: one thousand jin for Zhang Er and five hundred for Chen Yu.

吏嘗以過笞餘，餘欲起，耳攝使受笞。 Once an official flogged Chen Yu over a minor offense. Chen Yu wanted to rise up against him, but Zhang Er held him back and made him take the beating.

吏去，耳數之曰：「始吾與公言何如？ After the official left, Zhang Er rebuked him, saying, "What did I tell you from the start?

陳涉起蘄至陳，耳、餘上謁涉。 When Chen She's uprising reached Chen, Zhang Er and Chen Yu came to pay their respects.

涉及左右生平數聞耳、餘賢，見，大喜。 Chen She and his aides had long heard of their reputation; when he met them, he was delighted.

耳、餘復說陳王曰：「大王興梁、楚，務在入關，未及收河北也。 "Zhang Er and Chen Yu again advised him that Hebei was still unsecured and his priority remained entering the passes.

於是陳王許之，以所善陳人武臣為將軍，耳、餘為左右校尉，與卒三千人，從白馬渡河。 The King of Chen agreed. He appointed his trusted fellow townsman Wu Chen as general, made Zhang Er and Chen Yu left and right commandants, and gave them three thousand soldiers to cross the Yellow River at Baima.

至邯鄲，耳、餘聞周章軍入關，至戲卻； At Handan, Zhang Er and Chen Yu heard that Zhou Zhang had entered the passes but been repulsed at Xi.

以餘為大將軍，耳為丞相。 He appointed Chen Yu grand general and Zhang Er chancellor.

陳王從其計，徙繫武臣等家宮中，封耳子敖為成都君。 Chen She accepted: he kept their families under palace custody and enfeoffed Zhang Er's son Ao as Lord of Chengdu.

耳、餘說武臣曰：「王王趙，非楚意，特以計賀王。 Zhang Er and Chen Yu persuaded Wu Chen, saying: "Your Majesty's kingship in Zhao is not Chu's true intention; Chu only congratulates Your Majesty as a tactic.

耳、餘患之。 Zhang Er and Chen Yu were deeply troubled.

燕將曰：「若欲得王耳。」 The general said, "You want only the king."

曰：「君知張耳、陳餘何如人也？」 The soldier said, "Do you know what sort of men Zhang Er and Chen Yu are?"

燕將曰：「欲得其王耳。」 "The general said they wanted their king back."

夫武臣、張耳、陳餘，杖馬箠下趙數十城，亦各欲南面而王。 Wu Chen, Zhang Er, and Chen Yu had taken dozens of cities by force, and each had ambitions to rule.

今趙地已服，兩人亦欲分趙而王，時未可耳。 Now that Zhao was largely secure, they too wanted to divide and rule it, but were waiting for the right time.

趙人多為耳、餘耳目者，故得脫出。 Because many locals informed for Zhang Er and Chen Yu, they managed to escape.

客有說耳、餘曰：「兩君羈旅，而欲附趙，難可獨立； A retainer said to them, "You two are strangers here; though you wish to attach yourselves to Zhao, you can hardly stand on your own;

耳與趙王歇走入鉅鹿城，王離圍之。 Zhang Er and King Xie of Zhao fled into Julu, where Wang Li besieged them.

鉅鹿城中食盡，耳數使人召餘，餘自度兵少，不能敵秦，不敢前。 When food in Julu was exhausted, Zhang Er repeatedly sent men to summon Chen Yu. Chen Yu measured his own troops, judged them too few to withstand Qin, and did not dare advance.

數月，耳大怒，怨餘，使張黶、陳釋往讓餘曰：「始吾與公為刎頸交，今王與耳旦暮死，而公擁兵數萬，不肯相救，相不赴奏俱死？ After months, Zhang Er was furious and sent Zhang Yan and Chen Shi to reproach Chen Yu, saying, "We swore we would die for each other. Now the king and I face death at any moment, yet you sit with tens of thousands of troops and refuse to come to our aid — will you not come and die with us?

於是趙王歇、張耳得出鉅鹿。 King Xie of Zhao and Zhang Er were thus able to emerge from Julu.

耳不信，以為殺之，數問餘。 Zhang Er did not believe him and thought Chen Yu had killed them, questioning him repeatedly.

乃脫解印綬與耳，耳不敢受。 He then removed his seal and sash and handed them to Zhang Er.

餘起如廁，客有說耳曰：「天予不取，反受其咎。 Zhang Er did not dare accept. While Chen Yu stepped out to the privy, a retainer persuaded Zhang Er, saying: "If Heaven gives and one does not take, one instead receives its blame.

耳乃佩其印，收其麾下。 Zhang Er then wore the seal and took over Chen Yu's troops.

餘還，亦望耳不讓，趨出。 When Chen Yu returned and saw Zhang Er had not yielded, he withdrew in anger.

耳遂收其兵。 Zhang Er then fully absorbed his forces.

耳從項羽入關。 Zhang Er entered the passes with Xiang Yu.

項羽立諸侯，耳雅遊，多為人所稱。 When Xiang Yu enfeoffed the lords, Zhang Er was widely praised because he had long-standing connections.

項羽素亦聞耳賢，乃分趙立耳為常山王，治信都。 Xiang Yu had also heard of Zhang Er's worth and therefore made him King of Changshan, ruling at Xindu.

餘客多說項羽：「陳餘、張耳一體有功於趙。」 Many of Chen Yu's followers persuaded Xiang Yu, saying: "Chen Yu and Zhang Er were one body and had merit in Zhao."

耳之國，餘愈怒曰：「耳與餘功等也，今耳王，餘獨侯。」 When Zhang Er took his kingdom, Chen Yu grew even angrier and said, "Zhang Er and I rendered equal service, yet he is king while I am only a marquis."

餘悉三縣兵，襲常山王耳。 Chen Yu gathered all forces from his three counties and struck Zhang Er, King of Changshan.

耳敗走，曰：「漢王與我有故，而項王彊，立我，我欲之楚。」 Defeated, Zhang Er fled and said, "The Han king and I have old ties, but King Xiang is strong and installed me as king, so I mean to go to Chu."

耳走漢。 Zhang Er therefore fled to Han.

耳謁漢王，漢王厚遇之。 Zhang Er met the Han king, who received him generously.

餘已敗耳，皆收趙地，迎趙王於代，復為趙王。 After defeating Zhang Er, Chen Yu recovered all Zhao territory, welcomed King Xie back from Dai, and restored him as king.

餘曰：「漢殺張耳乃從。」 Chen Yu said, "I will join you only if Han kills Zhang Er."

於是漢求人類耳者，斬其頭遺餘，餘乃遣兵助漢。 The Han side then found a man who looked like Zhang Er, cut off his head, and sent it to Chen Yu. Only then did Chen Yu send troops to assist Han.

漢敗於彭城西，餘亦聞耳詐死，即背漢。 After Han's defeat west of Pengcheng, Chen Yu learned Zhang Er had only feigned death and therefore turned against Han.

漢遣耳與韓信擊破趙井陘，斬餘泜水上，追殺趙王歇襄國。 Han sent Zhang Er and Han Xin against Zhao. They defeated Zhao at Jingxing, killed Chen Yu by the Zhi River, and pursued King Xie to Xiangguo, where they put him to death.

四年夏，立耳為趙王。 In the fourth year, in summer, Zhang Er was made King of Zhao.

五年秋，耳薨，諡曰景王。 In the fifth year, in autumn, Er died and was given the posthumous title King Jing.

趙相貫高、趙午年六十餘，故耳客也，怒曰：「吾王孱王也！」 Zhao's chancellor Guan Gao and Zhao Wu, both over sixty and former retainers of Zhang Er, grew angry and said, "Our king is a weakling!"

事成歸王，事敗獨身坐耳。」 If the plan succeeds, the credit goes to the king; if it fails, we alone will bear the punishment."

高曰：「所以不死，白張王不反耳。 Guan Gao said, "The reason I did not die was to clear the King of Zhao of rebellion.

贊曰：張耳、陳餘，世所稱賢，其賓客廝役皆天下俊桀，所居國無不取卿相者。 The appraisal says: Zhang Er and Chen Yu were celebrated in their age as worthy men. Even the retainers and servants in their households were outstanding talents of the empire, and wherever they settled, men from their circle rose to be ministers and chancellors.

然耳、餘始居約時，相然信死，豈顧問哉！ Yet when Zhang Er and Chen Yu were first in hardship, they trusted each other to die for one another without a second thought.

Book of Han, Chapter 44Volume 35: Princes of Jing, Yan and Wu · 1 passage

漢王敗成皋，北度河，得張耳、韓信軍，軍脩武，深溝高壘，使賈將二萬人，騎數百，擊楚，度白馬津入楚地，燒其積聚，以破其業，無以給項王軍食。 After his defeat at Chenggao, the King of Han withdrew north across the river and joined the forces of Zhang Er and Han Xin. They made camp at Xiuwu behind deep moats and high walls. He dispatched Liu Jia with twenty thousand foot soldiers and several hundred cavalry to hit Chu from the flank. Liu Jia crossed the Baima Ford into Chu lands and torched their depots, shattering their logistics so that King Xiang’s troops went hungry.

Book of Han, Chapter 48Volume 39: Xiao He and Cao Shen · 1 passage

韓信與故常山王張耳引兵下井陘，擊成安君陳餘，而令參還圍趙別將戚公於鄔城中。 While Han Xin and Zhang Er drove through Jingxing against Chen Yu, Cao Shen was sent back to bottle up Zhao’s general Qi in Wu.

Book of Han, Chapter 51Volume 42: Zhang, Zhou, Zhao, Ren and Shentu · 5 passages

陳餘擊走常山王張耳，耳歸漢。 Chen Yu routed Zhang Er, the King of Changshan, who then came over to Han.

已而徙為趙相，相趙王耳。 He was soon transferred to serve as Zhao's chancellor under King Zhang Er.

耳卒，相其子敖。 When Zhang Er died, Zhang Cang became chancellor to his son Ao.

呂後側耳於東箱聽，見昌，為跪謝曰：「微君，太子幾廢。」 Empress Lü had been listening from the eastern gallery. When she met Zhou Chang afterward, she knelt in gratitude and said, "Had it not been for you, the heir would have been lost."

昌笑曰：「堯年少，刀筆吏耳，何至是乎！」 Zhou Chang laughed. "Zhao Yao is a youngster—a mere scribal clerk. How could he rise that high?"

Book of Han, Chapter 75Volume 64b: Yan, Zhu, Wuqiu, Zhufu, Xu, Yan, Zhong, Wang, and Jia 2 · 1 passage

陳勝、吳廣舉陳，武臣、張耳舉趙，項梁舉吳，田儋舉齊，景駒舉郢，周市舉魏，韓廣舉燕，窮山通谷，豪士並起，不可勝載也。 Chen Sheng and Wu Guang seized Chen, Wu Chen and Zhang Er raised Zhao, Xiang Liang rose in Wu, Tian Dan in Qi, Jing Ju in Ying, Zhou Shi in Wei, Han Guang in Yan—bold leaders sprang up in every ravine and pass, too many to list.

Book of Liang, Chapter 14Volume 14: Jiang Yan; Ren Fang · 2 passages

是以伍員濯溉於宰嚭，張王撫翼於陳相。 So Wu Yuan was washed by Zai Pi; King Zhang spread wings under Chancellor Chen.

由是觀之，張、陳所以凶終，蕭、朱所以隙末，斷焉可知矣。 Viewed thus, why Zhang and Chen met violent ends, why Xiao and Zhu found rifts at the close—clear at a glance.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 48House of Chen She · 5 passages

陳勝、吳廣喜，念鬼，曰：「此教我先威眾耳。」 Chen Sheng and Wu Guang were delighted. Reflecting on the mention of spirits, they said, 'He is telling us to first overawe the men with supernatural signs.'

且壯士不死即已，死即舉大名耳，王侯將相寧有種乎！」 Besides, a bold man either does not die at all, or if he dies, he makes a great name. Are kings, marquises, generals, and ministers born to their stations?'

令陳人武臣、張耳、陳餘徇趙地，令汝陰人鄧宗徇九江郡。 Wu Chen, Zhang Er, and Chen Yu — all men of Chen — were ordered to subdue the Zhao territories, while Deng Zong of Ruyin was sent to pacify the Commandery of Jiujiang.

武臣到邯鄲，自立為趙王，陳餘為大將軍，張耳、召騷為左右丞相。 Wu Chen arrived at Handan and declared himself King of Zhao. Chen Yu was made Grand General, and Zhang Er and Zhao Sao became the Left and Right Chancellors.

陳王乃遣使者賀趙，而徙系武臣等家屬宮中，而封耳子張敖為成都君，趣趙兵亟入關。 The King of Chen then sent envoys to congratulate Zhao. He moved the detained families of Wu Chen and the others into the palace, enfeoffed Zhang Er's son Zhang Ao as Lord of Chengdu, and urged the Zhao forces to hasten west into the passes.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 51Houses of Jing and Yan · 1 passage

漢四年，漢王之敗成皋，北渡河，得張耳、韓信軍，軍修武，深溝高壘，使劉賈將二萬人，騎數百，渡白馬津入楚地，燒其積聚，以破其業，無以給項王軍食。 In the fourth year of Han, after the King of Han suffered defeat at Chenggao and crossed the Yellow River northward, he joined forces with the armies of Zhang Er and Han Xin. He encamped at Xiuwu behind deep trenches and high ramparts, then dispatched Liu Jia with twenty thousand infantry and several hundred cavalry to cross at Baima Ford into Chu territory. There they burned the enemy's grain stores, devastating their supply lines so that Xiang Yu's army could no longer be fed.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 54House of Chancellor Cao · 1 passage

韓信與故常山王張耳引兵下井陘，擊成安君，而令參還圍趙別將戚將軍於鄔城中。 Han Xin and the former King of Changshan, Zhang Er, led their forces down through the Jingxing Pass to attack the Lord of Cheng'an, while ordering Cao Shen to turn back and besiege the Zhao commander General Qi inside the walls of Wu.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 73Biographies of Bai Qi and Wang Jian · 1 passage

陳勝之反秦，秦使王翦之孫王離擊趙，圍趙王及張耳鉅鹿城。 When Chen Sheng rebelled against Qin, Qin sent Wang Jian's grandson Wang Li to attack Zhao, besieging the King of Zhao and Zhang Er at Julu City.