Emperor Dezong (德宗)

Overview

The translated histories identify Emperor Dezong as a ruler. This record brings together 16 passages from 3 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Emperor Dezong	德宗	Dezong
Temple	Dezong	德宗	Dezong
Title	emperor	皇上
Title	emperor	上
Title	Emperor
Title	Emperor Dezong
Temple	Emperor Dezong	德宗	Dezong
Title	Emperor Guangxu
Personal	Emperor Guangxu
Title	Guangxu Emperor	景皇帝
Temple	Jing Emperor	景皇帝	Jinghuangdi
Posthumous	Jing Emperor	景皇帝
Title	successor emperor	嗣皇帝

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:445:s0017, qingshigao:450:s0047, qingshigao:472:s0080

Roles

Ruler

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 兩宮回鑾 · Western Year: AD 1902
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:472:s0072
Source Date: Text: 兩宮西巡、兩宮西狩、兩宮西幸 · Western Year: AD 1900
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:472:s0010, qingshigao:472:s0069, qingshigao:472:s0153
Source Date: Text: 德宗 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1875 · End: AD 1898
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0047
Source Date: Text: 德宗崩 · Western Year: AD 1908
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0080
Source Date: Text: 德宗纘業 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit · qingshigao:445:s0017

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Emperor Xianfeng (咸豐帝)
Kinship Term: adopted son / 為子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Child of Yiyi (奕枻)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Kin of Emperor Muzong (穆宗)
Kinship Term: successor-as-son / 嗣 · Subject Role: predecessor · Object Role: adopted successor

Career and standing

As: successor emperor / 嗣皇帝
Explicit · qingshigao:445:s0017, qingshigao:445:s0024

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: reappointed-river-commissioner · Other Person Id: Li Henian (李鶴年)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0047

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 445Volume 445 Biographies 232: Wu Kedu, Zhu Yixin, Tu Keshou, An Weijun, Wen Ti, Jiang Chunlin · 4 passages

Open chapter

逾年，穆宗崩，德宗纘業，起吏部主事。 A year later, after Emperor Muzong died and Emperor Dezong took the throne, Kedu was recalled as a secretary in the Ministry of Personnel.

下群臣議，遂定以繼德宗之統為穆宗之子，無異論。 The matter was referred to the ministers for discussion, and without dissent it was settled that the succession to Emperor Dezong would be as son to Emperor Muzong.

德宗季葉，袁世凱出督畿輔，入贊樞廷，權勢傾一時。 In the late years of Emperor Dezong, Yuan Shikai went out to govern the capital region and entered the grand council; his power tilted the age.

又謂：「景皇帝以神器付之皇上，衝齡踐阼，軍國重事，監國攝政王主之。 He also said: "The Jing Emperor entrusted the sacred vessel to our emperor; the emperor ascended the throne in tender years, and weighty military and state affairs are presided over by the regent.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 450Volume 450 Biographies 237: Li Henian, Wen Bin, Ren Daorong, Xu Zhenyi, Wu Dacheng · 3 passages

Open chapter

上韙其議。 The emperor endorsed his proposal.

德宗嘗詢李鴻藻以善治河者，鴻藻舉鶴年，上亦識前事之枉也，故再任河督。 Emperor Guangxu once asked Li Hongzao who best understood river control; Hongzao named Henian, and the emperor, recognizing that Henian had been wronged before, appointed him river commissioner again.

十四年，鄭州河再決，上震怒，褫河督李鶴年職，以大澂代之。 In 1888 the Zhengzhou breach opened again; the emperor was furious, dismissed river commissioner Li Henian, and replaced him with Dacheng.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 472Volume 472 Biographies 259: Lu Runxiang, Shi Xu, Yi Ketan, Liang Dingfen, Xu Fang, Lao Naixuan, Shen Cengzhi · 9 passages

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兩宮西巡，奔赴行在，授禮部侍郎，充經筵講官。 When the Empress Dowager and the Emperor fled west, he hurried to join the court in exile, was named Vice Minister of Rites, and became a lecturer at the imperial classics lecture.

二十六年，各國聯軍入京，兩宮西狩，適遭父喪，命留京辦事。 In the twenty-sixth year, when the allied powers entered Beijing and the Empress Dowager and the Emperor fled west, he was mourning his father and was ordered to stay in the capital to manage affairs.

兩宮回鑾，賞黃馬褂，轉吏部，兼都統。 When the Empress Dowager and the Emperor returned, he was given the yellow riding jacket, moved to the Ministry of Personnel, and also served as banner general.

德宗崩，議繼體，世續獨言國事艱危，宜立長君，不能用。 When Emperor Guangxu died and succession was debated, Shi Xu alone urged that in such peril an older ruler should be chosen; his advice was rejected.

頻年以經費拮据，支持尤苦，纂修德宗實錄，始終其事，及書成，已病不能起矣。 Funds were tight year after year and the burden was especially heavy; he saw the Veritable Records of Guangxu through from start to finish, and when the work was done he was too ill to rise.

拳禍起，兩宮西幸，鼎芬首倡呈進方物之議。 When the Boxer calamity broke out and the Empress Dowager and the Emperor fled west, Dingfen was first to propose presenting local tribute products.

我皇太后、皇上或未盡知，臣但有一日之官，即盡一日之心。 Our empress dowager and emperor may not fully know; yet as long as I hold office for a day, I will give my whole heart for that day.

兩宮升遐，奔赴哭臨，越日即行，時之洞在樞垣，不一往謁也。 When the Empress Dowager and the Emperor passed away, he rushed to attend the mourning rites and left the next day; Zhidong was then in the Grand Council, yet Dingfen did not once go to pay his respects.

兩至梁格莊叩謁景皇帝暫安之殿，露宿寢殿旁，瞻仰流涕。 Twice he went to Lianggezhuang to kowtow before the hall where the Guangxu Emperor temporarily resided, sleeping in the open beside the sleeping hall and gazing up in tears.