Li Bingheng (李秉衡)

Overview

Li Bingheng was an official and Governor.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Jiantang	鑑堂	Jiàntáng
Posthumous name	Zhongjie	忠節

Life and dates

Death

AD 1900 拳亂
took poison (drank gold) 飲金死 · At Tongzhou 通州
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 42

Attested activity

AD 1894 光緒二十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6
AD 1897 二十三年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 30
AD 1894 二十年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 24
AD 1895 光緒二十一年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 460, passages 139-140
AD 1879 光緒五年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 5
AD 1884 十年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 13

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AD 1895 to AD 1896 命李秉衡查辦
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 177
AD 1897 山東教案
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passages 242-243
AD 1900 拳禍作
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passages 37, 40
AD 1885 明年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 14
AD 1900 聯軍至
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 72

Key source chapters

Career and standing

acting governor of Guangxi 護撫
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 光緒十一年前後 · Western Year: AD 1885
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passages 18, 22
assistant magistrate 縣丞
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 4
governor of Shandong 山東巡撫
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 二十年 · Western Year: AD 1894
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 24
judicial commissioner of Zhejiang 浙江按察使
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 12
magistrate of Jizhou 知冀州
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 光緒五年 · Western Year: AD 1879
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 5
governor of Shandong 山東巡撫
AD 1894 光緒二十年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6

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Governor of Shandong 山東巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 229
Governor 巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 460, passage 140
office held when dismissal demanded 職
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 242
county magistrate 知縣
Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 4
prefect of Yongping 知永平府
Promoted · From Source Date: Text: 越二年 · Western Year: AD 1881
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 8
governor-general of Sichuan 督四川
Transferred · From Source Date: Text: 二十三年 · Western Year: AD 1897
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 30
posthumous name Zhongjie 諡忠節
Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 43
Dismissed
AD 1897 二十三年 · Dismissal
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 31
Faced
AD 1897 山東教案 · Threatened dismissal
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 242
stripped of office and posthumous honors 褫職，奪卹典
Punished
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 44

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 242; Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6; Draft History of Qing 461, passage 177; Draft History of Qing 465, passage 72
At Haicheng, Fengtian 奉天海城
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 3
AD 1894 光緒二十年
At Shandong 山東 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6

Works and attributed material

Memorial · Author · With Li Hongzhang (李鴻章)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 10
Memorial · Author · With Xi Liang (錫良)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6

Events and relationships

Commanded four armies against allies
AD 1900 拳亂 · Military · Commander · At Yangcun and Hexi Wu 楊村、河西塢
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 40
Defeated
AD 1900 聯軍至 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 72
Dismissal demanded by foreign envoy
AD 1897 山東教案 · Political · Target · With Heyking (海靖)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 242
Encouraged Big Sword Society
Political · Governor
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 229
Ordered to investigate Rong He
AD 1895 to AD 1896 戰後 · Legal · Investigator · With Rong He (榮和)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 461, passage 177
Received false accusation
Official · Recipient · With Liu Chaopei (劉超佩)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 460, passage 140

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Requested posthumous honor
Official · Petitioner · With Dai Zongqian (戴宗騫)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 460, passage 151
memorialized to transfer Xi Liang 奏調
Relation Superior of · Person Xi Liang (錫良)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6
Relation Friend of · Person Wang Tingxiang (王廷相)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 33

Assessments and attributes

Assessment foremost incorrupt official of Zhili · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 467, passage 11

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 449, passage 6

References in the histories

Search passages

History

24 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 444Volume 444 Biographies 231: Huang Tifang, Zong Shibaoting, Zong Shishengyu, Zhang Peilun, Deng Chengxiu, Xu Zhixiang · 2 passages

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會山東教案起，德使海靖勒罷李秉衡職。 When the Shandong missionary case broke out, the German envoy Heyking demanded that Li Bingheng be removed from office.

致祥曰：「昔歲罷劉秉璋，今茲罷李秉衡，是朝廷黜陟之大權操之敵人也。 Zhixiang wrote: "Last year Liu Bingzhang was dismissed; this year Li Bingheng—the court's power over appointments is being exercised by a foreign power.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 449Volume 449 Biographies 236: Xi Liang, Zhou Fu, Lu Yuanding, Zhang Cengyang, Yang Shixiang, Feng Xu · 1 passage

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二十年，山東巡撫李秉衡奏調補沂州知府，擢兗沂曹濟道。 In 1894, Shandong Governor Li Bingheng had him transferred to serve as prefect of Yizhou, after which he was promoted intendant of the Yan-Yi-Cao-Ji Circuit.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 460Volume 460 Biographies 247: Zuo Baogui Younger Brother: Bao Xian, Yong Shan, Deng Shichang, Liu Buchan, Lin Taiceng, Dai Zongqian · 2 passages

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宗騫往援，而超佩蹌踉遁，三台拱手讓敵，反訴巡撫李秉衡，誣宗騫背約。 Zongqian went to help, but Chaopei fled in disorder and surrendered three batteries without a fight; he then reported to Governor Li Bingheng, falsely accusing Zongqian of breaking their agreement.

復以秉衡請，贈太常寺卿。 On Bingheng's further petition, he was posthumously made Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 461Volume 461 Biographies 248: Song Qing, Lv Benyuan, Xu Bangdao, Ma Yukun, Yi Ke Tang A, Rong He, Zhang Shun · 1 passage

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戰後所部育字營多驕縱，命李秉衡查辦，革職治罪。 After the war his Yu Battalion grew insubordinate; Li Bingheng was ordered to investigate, and Rong He was stripped of office and punished.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 465Volume 465 Biographies 252: Xu Tong With: Yu Shi, Yu Shi Son: Cheng Yu, Gang Yi, Zhao Shuqiao, Qi Xiu, Ying Nian, Yu Lu With: Ting Yong, Yu Xian With: Li Tingxiao · 2 passages

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聯軍至，李秉衡兵敗，太后乃令王文韶與舒翹詣使館通殷勤，為議款計。 When the allied armies arrived and Li Bingheng's force was routed, the Empress Dowager ordered Wang Wenshao and Shuqiao to visit the legations with courtesies to open peace talks.

是時李秉衡撫山東，適有大刀會仇西教，秉衡獎借之，戕德國二教士。 Li Bingheng was then governor of Shandong; anti-Christian sentiment ran high in the Big Sword Society, and he encouraged it, resulting in the killing of two German missionaries.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 467Volume 467 Biographies 254: Li Bingheng, Wang Tingxiang, Nie Shicheng, Luo Rongguang, Shou Shan Zu Sun : Rui Chang, Feng Xiang, Chong Yu · 16 passages

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李秉衡王廷相聶士成羅榮光壽山族孫瑞昌鳳翔崇玉等 Li Bingheng, Wang Tingxiang, Nie Shicheng, Luo Rongguang, and Shoushan's kinsmen Ruichang, Fengxiang, Chongyu, and others

李秉衡，字鑑堂，奉天海城人。 Li Bingheng, whose style was Jiantang, came from Haicheng in Fengtian (Liaoning).

明年，法人假越事寇邊，秉衡主龍州西運局。 The following year, as the French used the Vietnamese crisis as a pretext to raid the frontier, Bingheng was placed in charge of the Longzhou Western Transport Bureau.

秉衡益節儉，汰浮費，無分主客軍，給糧不絕，戰卹功賞力從厚。 Bingheng tightened his own frugality, cut waste, and—making no distinction between local and outside troops—kept rations flowing without interruption; for the wounded and the meritorious in battle, he rewarded as generously as he could.

既而日軍浮三艦窺登州，秉衡悉萃精兵於西北，而榮城以戎備寡，為日軍所誘而獲，時論詬之。 Soon afterward three Japanese warships probed Dengzhou; Bingheng concentrated his best troops in the northwest, while Rongcheng, thinly garrisoned, was lured into a trap and seized by the Japanese—drawing widespread blame upon him.

二十三年，會眾戕德國教士，德使海靖要褫秉衡職，編修王廷相力爭之，徙督四川。 In 1897 society members killed a German missionary; Minister von Heyking demanded that Bingheng be removed, but Compiler Wang Tingxiang fought hard on his behalf, and he was transferred instead to governor-general of Sichuan.

海靖請益堅，乃罷免。 Von Heyking pressed his demand still harder, and Bingheng was dismissed.

於是秉衡隱安陽，居三年，剛毅入樞廷，薦之起，入都。 Bingheng then withdrew to live quietly at Anyang. Three years later, when Gangyi joined the Grand Council and recommended him, he was summoned back to the capital.

朝命秉衡詣奉天按事，奏廷相自隨。 The court ordered Bingheng to Fengtian on an inspection tour, and he asked that Tingxiang accompany him.

還，會御史彭述疏請整飭長江水師，詔使秉衡往，秉衡固辭，太后責勉之，遂行。 After his return, when Censor Peng Shu memorialized for reform of the Yangtze fleet, the throne ordered Bingheng to take charge; he firmly declined, but the Empress Dowager rebuked and pressed him, and he went.

於是定畫保東南約，秉衡與焉。 The plan to preserve the southeast was then drawn up, and Bingheng was party to it.