Liu Shen (劉詵) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Liu Shen as a judge, official, and statesman. This record brings together 23 passages from 7 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Liu Shen	劉詵	Liu Shen
Courtesy name	Jishi	濟時
Surname	Liu	劉	Liu
Surname	Liu	劉	Liú
Surname	Liu	劉
Personal	Liu Shen	劉詵	Liú Shēn
Personal	Liu Shen	劉伸	Liú Shēn
Personal	Liu Shen	劉伸
Personal name	Liu Shen	劉伸
Given	Shen	詵	Shen
Given	Shen	詵
Given	Shen	伸	Shēn
Given name	Shen	伸

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:022:s0020, liaoshi:023:s0109, liaoshi:060:s0044, liaoshi:097:s0106, liaoshi:098:s0001
Sex: male
Explicit · liaoshi:024:s0044

Roles

Judge
Official
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Description: Died in Da'an 2; the emperor was deeply grieved and increased funeral honors. · Western Year: AD 1086
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0103

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 大康二年六月丁未 · Reign Id: liao-dakang · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 1076
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:023:s0109
Source Date: Text: 大康四年十月癸卯 · Reign Id: liao-dakang · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1078
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:023:s0169
Source Date: Text: AD 1036-1086 · Western Year: AD 1036
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0082, liaoshi:098:s0103
Source Date: Text: 六年 · Western Year: AD 1080
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:024:s0044
Source Date: Text: 咸雍三年十二月丁未 · Western Year: AD 1067
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:022:s0120
Source Date: Text: 咸雍二年 · Western Year: AD 1066
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:097:s0104, liaoshi:097:s0106
Source Date: Text: 咸雍二年五月辛巳 · Western Year: AD 1066
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:022:s0084
Source Date: Text: 咸雍初 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1065 · End: AD 1066
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:091:s0082
Source Date: Text: 道宗之世 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1055 · End: AD 1101
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:060:s0041, liaoshi:060:s0044

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Father of Liu Shen

Origins and identity

Ethnicity: Han / 漢人
Explicit · liaoshi:091:s0082

Career and standing

Label: associate privy commissioner / 樞密副使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸雍三年十二月丁未 · Western Year: AD 1067
Explicit · liaoshi:022:s0120
Label: associate privy commissioner / 樞密副使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸雍二年五月辛巳 · Western Year: AD 1066
Explicit · liaoshi:022:s0084
Label: Associate Administrator of Affairs / 參知政事 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸雍二年十二月壬午 · Western Year: AD 1066
Explicit · liaoshi:022:s0095
Label: Associate Administrator of Affairs / 參知政事 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:023:s0109
Label: military commissioner of Baojing Army / 保靜軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:023:s0169
Label: Associate Administrator of Affairs / 參知政事 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:024:s0044
Label: Han mobile palace deputy deployment director / 漢人行宮副部署 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:023:s0109
Label: Households Commissioner / 戶部使 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:060:s0044
Label: Southern Chancellery Privy Councilor / 南院樞密使 · Action: promoted
Explicit · liaoshi:060:s0044
Office: 三司副使 / Vice Commissioner of the Three Bureaus
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0090
Office: 上京留守 / regent of the Upper Capital
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0100
Office: 保靜軍節度使 / military commissioner of Baojing Army
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0099
Office: 南京副留守 / vice regent of the Southern Capital
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0091
Office: 南院樞密副使 / Southern Chancellery Vice Privy Commissioner
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0093
Office: 參知政事 / Associate Administrator of Affairs
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0096
Office: 大理卿 / Director of the Court of Justice
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0089
Office: 大理少卿 / Vice Director of the Court of Justice
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0088
Office: 大理正 / Director of the Court of Justice · Western Year: AD 1036 · Source Date: Text: Chongxi 5
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0084
Office: 守太子太保 / Guardian Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0100
Office: 崇義軍節度使 / military commissioner of Chongyi Army
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0092, liaoshi:098:s0101
Office: 彰武軍節度使掌書記 / recorder to the Zhangwu Army military commissioner · Western Year: AD 1036 · Source Date: Text: Chongxi 5
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0084
Office: 戶部使 / Households Commissioner
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0093
Office: 提點大理寺 / supervising director of the Court of Justice
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0090
Office: 樞密都承旨 / chief usher of the Privy Council
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0086
Office: 權中京副留守 / acting vice regent of the Central Capital
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0086
Office: 西京副留守 / vice regent of the Western Capital
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0089
Office: 諫議大夫 / Remonstrance Grandee
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0090
Status: retired · Action: entered
Explicit · liaoshi:024:s0044

Places and affiliations

Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Explicit · liaoshi:060:s0044, liaoshi:097:s0106
Kind: origin · Action: Was from Wanping and bore courtesy name Jishi.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0082

Learning and skills

Kind: education · Action: Was quick-witted in youth and later known for literary composition.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0083
Kind: examination · Action: Passed the jinshi examination in Chongxi 5. · Western Year: AD 1036 · Source Date: Text: Chongxi 5
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0084

Events and relationships

Kind: finance · Action: As Households Commissioner submitted annual surplus money of three hundred thousand strings.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0093
Kind: administration · Action: As military commissioner of Chongyi Army, governed quietly; crows and magpies nesting together prompted imperial praise.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0092
Kind: administrative · Role: official · Action: delivered-annual-surplus · Outcome: 300,000 strings / 三十萬繦 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 道宗之世 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1055 · End: AD 1101
Explicit · liaoshi:060:s0044
Kind: policy-action · Action: Objected to relocating wealthy households to Chun and Tai Prefectures, and had the order cancelled.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0087
Kind: bold-reply · Action: Told the emperor he did not fear Yixin, much less the chancellor.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0097, liaoshi:098:s0098
Kind: remonstrance · Action: Urged the emperor to attend to a case report because rulers must value people's lives.
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0085
Kind: charity · Action: With Zhao Hui and Han Zao, distributed porridge daily during famine in Yan and Ji, saving countless people. · Western Year: AD 1086
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0102

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: Daozong said only Yelu Jue and Liu Shen were loyal and upright. · Kind: imperial-assessment · Provenance: Mode: textual
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0094
Assessment: Historians praised his thrice serving the Court of Justice, his Households Bureau service, and his loyalty and uprightness. · Kind: historians-assessment · Provenance: Mode: textual
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0114
Assessment: Was known for legal clarity, mercy, and saving many from wrongful imprisonment. · Kind: judicial-assessment · Provenance: Mode: textual
Explicit · liaoshi:098:s0088, liaoshi:098:s0091

Source notes

Field: personal-name · Statement: 劉詵 / 劉伸
Uncertain · liaoshi:023:s0109, liaoshi:023:s0169
Historicity: historical
Explicit · liaoshi:060:s0044

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Liao, Chapter 22Volume 22 Annals 22: Daozong 2 · 3 passages

Open chapter

辛巳，以戶部使劉詵為樞密副使。 On xinsi day Household Commissioner Liu Shen was made associate privy commissioner.

冬十二月壬午，以知樞密院事楊績為南院樞密使，樞密副使劉詵參知政事。 On renwu day of the twelfth winter month Yang Ji, who administered Privy Council affairs, was made Southern Court privy commissioner; associate privy commissioner Liu Shen was made Associate Administrator of Affairs.

十二月丁未，以參知政事劉詵為樞密副使，東北路詳穩高八南院大王，樞密直學士張孝傑參知政事。 On dingwei day of the twelfth month Associate Administrator of Affairs Liu Shen was made associate privy commissioner; Northeast Route detail-stable Gao Ba Southern Court great king; Privy Council academician Zhang Xiaojie Associate Administrator of Affairs.

History of Liao, Chapter 23Volume 23 Annals 23: Daozong 3 · 2 passages

Open chapter

丁未，冊皇后蕭氏，封其父祗候郎君鱉裏剌為趙王，叔西北路招討使餘里也遼西郡王，兄漢人行宮都部署、駙馬都慰霞抹柳城郡王，參知政事楊遵勖知南院樞密使事，北院樞密使副蕭速撒知北院樞密使事，漢人行宮副部署劉詵參知政事。 On dingwei day Empress Xiao was invested; her father attendant langjun Bieliuli was enfeoffed Prince of Zhao; her uncle Northwest Route pacification commissioner Yuliye Prince of Liaoxi; her elder brother Han mobile palace deployment director and imperial son-in-law Xiamo Prince of Liucheng; Associate Administrator of Affairs Yang Zunxu was made administrator of Southern Court privy affairs; Northern Court associate privy commissioner Xiao Susa administrator of Northern Court privy affairs; Han mobile palace deputy deployment director Liu Shen Associate Administrator of Affairs.

冬十月癸卯，以參知政事劉伸為保靜軍節度使。 On guimao day of the tenth winter month Associate Administrator of Affairs Liu Shen was made military commissioner of Baojing Army.

History of Liao, Chapter 24Volume 24 Annals 24: Daozong 4 · 1 passage

Open chapter

庚午，參知政事劉詵致仕。 On gengwu day Associate Administrator of Affairs Liu Shen retired.

History of Liao, Chapter 60Volume 60 Treatises 30: Finance and Economics 2 · 1 passage

Open chapter

劉伸為戶部使，歲入羨余錢三十萬繦，擢南院樞密使。 Liu Shen, as households commissioner, delivered three hundred thousand strings in annual surplus and was promoted to privy councilor of the Southern Chancellery.

History of Liao, Chapter 91Volume 91 Biographies 21: Yelu Hanba, Yelu Tanggu, Xiao Paizhe, Yelu Jue, Yelu Pulidu · 2 passages

Open chapter

嘗謂宰相曰：「契丹忠正無如玦者，漢人則劉伸而已。 He once told the chancellor, "Among the Khitan none is so loyal and upright as Jue; among the Han, only Liu Shen.

然熟察之，玦優於伸。」 Yet on close examination, Jue surpasses Shen."

History of Liao, Chapter 97Volume 97 Biographies 27: Yelu Wotela, Hai Li, Dou Jingyong, Yelu Yinji, Yang Ji, Zhao Hui, Wang Guan, Yelu Xisun · 2 passages

Open chapter

帝曰：「方今群臣忠直，耶律玦、劉伸而已； The emperor said, "Among the ministers today who are loyal and upright, only Yelu Jue and Liu Shen remain;

然伸不及玦之剛介。」 yet Shen does not match Jue in firm integrity."

History of Liao, Chapter 98Volume 98 Biographies 28: Xiao Wuna, Yelu Yan, Liu Shen, Yelu Hulu · 12 passages

Open chapter

蕭兀納耶律儼劉伸耶律胡呂 Xiao Wuna, Yelu Yan, Liu Shen, and Yelu Hulu

劉伸，字濟時，宛平人。 Liu Shen, courtesy name Jishi, was from Wanping.

因奏獄，上適與近臣語，不顧，伸進曰：「臣聞自古帝王必重民命，願陛下省臣之奏。」 Once while presenting a case report the emperor was chatting with courtiers and ignored him; Shen stepped forward: "Since antiquity wise rulers have held the people's lives sacred; I beg Your Majesty to hear my report."

詔徙富民以實春、泰二州，伸以為不可，奏罷之。 When an edict ordered wealthy households relocated to populate Chun and Tai Prefectures, Shen objected and had the order revoked.

以伸明法而恕，案冤獄全活者眾，徙南京副留守。 Known for mastery of the law and merciful judgment, he saved many from false imprisonment, and was transferred to vice regent of the Southern Capital.

道宗嘗謂大臣曰：「今之忠直，耶律玦、劉伸而已！」 Daozong once told his ministers: "Today only Yelu Jue and Liu Shen are truly loyal and upright!"

時北院樞密使乙辛勢焰方熾，伸奏曰：「臣於乙辛尚不畏，何宰相之畏！」 Yixin, Northern Privy Commissioner, was at the height of his power; Shen replied: "If I do not fear Yixin, why should I fear the chancellor?"