Nie Shicheng (聶士成)

Overview

The translated histories identify Nie Shicheng as a general and military officer. This record brings together 29 passages from 5 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Nie Shicheng	聶士成	Nie Shicheng
Title	Baturong'a	巴圖隆阿
Courtesy	Gongting	功亭	Gōngtíng
Title	Grand Commissioner Nie Shicheng	提督聶士成
Title	Liyong Batulu	力勇巴圖魯
Surname	Nie	聶
Personal	Nie Shicheng	聶士成
Personal name	Nie Shicheng	聶士成	Niè Shìchéng
Given	Shicheng	士成	Shìchéng
Given	Shicheng	士成
Posthumous	Zhongjie	忠節

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:437:s0025, qingshigao:462:s0067, qingshigao:465:s0070, qingshigao:467:s0002

Roles

General
Military Officer

Life and dates

Death

Manner: killed in battle / 殞於陣 · Place: Tianjin / 天津 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0098

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:467:s0088
Source Date: Text: 光緒二十年 · Western Year: AD 1894
Explicit · qingshigao:443:s0041, qingshigao:462:s0067
Source Date: Text: 光緒十年 · Western Year: AD 1884
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:467:s0064
Source Date: Text: 十七年 · Western Year: AD 1891
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:467:s0066
Source Date: Text: 同治初 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1862 · End: AD 1864
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:467:s0061
Source Date: Text: 拳匪據涿州 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0069, qingshigao:465:s0070
Source Date: Text: 日韓亂起 · Western Year: AD 1894
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:467:s0070
Source Date: Text: 武衛軍 · Western Year: AD 1898
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:437:s0025
Source Date: Text: 閱二載 · Western Year: AD 1902
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:467:s0100

Career and standing

Label: provincial commander of Zhili / 直隸提督 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0084
Label: Grand Commissioner / Provincial Commander / 提督 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0070
Label: Taiyuan garrison commander / 太原總兵 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:462:s0067
Label: Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent; posthumous Zhongjie; special shrine / 太子少保，諡忠節，建專祠 · Action: granted-posthumously · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 閱二載 · Western Year: AD 1902
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0100

Places and affiliations

Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:462:s0067
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0070
Place: Hefei, Anhui / 安徽合肥
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0059
Organization: Wuwei Front Army / 武衛前軍 · Relation: commander-of
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0086

Works and attributed material

Work: An Eastern Journey Record / 東遊紀程 · Relation: author
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0069
Kind: letter · Role: author · Other Person Id: Ronglu (榮祿)
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0092, qingshigao:467:s0093
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Ye Zhichao (葉志超)
Explicit · qingshigao:462:s0072, qingshigao:462:s0073, qingshigao:462:s0074, qingshigao:467:s0071, qingshigao:467:s0072

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: beheaded Japanese officer Fugang Sanzo at Fen Shuiling · Other Person Id: Fukushima (富剛三造) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 除夕 · Western Year: AD 1895
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0083
Kind: political · Role: target · Action: Boxers-demanded-dismissal · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 拳匪據涿州 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0070
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: defeated-at-Seonghwan
Explicit · qingshigao:462:s0076
Kind: military · Role: defender · Action: defended Tianjin against allied armies · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:467:s0095, qingshigao:467:s0096
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: stationed-at-Asan-with-Ye · Other Person Id: Ye Zhichao (葉志超)
Explicit · qingshigao:462:s0067
Kind: military · Role: adviser · Action: urged-holding-Anju · Other Person Id: Ye Zhichao (葉志超)
Explicit · qingshigao:462:s0091
Relation: subordinate-colleague-of · Person Id: Ye Zhichao (葉志超)
Explicit · qingshigao:462:s0067, qingshigao:462:s0072

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: brave and capable general · Provenance: Mode: named-source-report · Source Person Id: Zhang Baixi (張百熙)
Explicit · qingshigao:443:s0041

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 437Volume 437 Biographies 224: Rong Lu, Wang Wenshao, Zhang Zhidong, Qu Hongji · 1 passage

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榮祿乃奏設武衛軍，以聶士成駐蘆臺為前軍，董福祥駐薊州為後軍，宋慶駐山海關為左軍，世凱駐小站為右軍，而自募萬人為中軍，駐南苑。 Rong Lu then proposed the Wuwei Army: Nie Shicheng at Lutai as the Front Army, Dong Fuxiang at Jizhou as the Rear Army, Song Qing at Shanhaiguan as the Left Army, Yuan Shikai at Xiaozhan as the Right Army, while he personally raised ten thousand men for the Central Army at the Southern Park.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 443Volume 443 Biographies 230: Sun Jianai, Zhang Baixi, Tang Jingchong, Yu Shimei, Shen Jiaben · 1 passage

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百熙疏劾李鴻章陽作戰備，陰實主和，左寶貴、聶士成皆勇敢善戰之將，以餉械不繼，遂致敗績，咎在鴻章； Baixi memorialized against Li Hongzhang, charging that he made a show of preparing for war while secretly favoring peace. Zuo Baogui and Nie Shicheng were both brave and capable generals, but because pay and arms were not supplied in time they were defeated—the blame lay with Hongzhang.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 462Volume 462 Biographies 249: Ding Ruchang, Wei Rugui Younger Brother: Ru Cheng, Ye Zhichao · 5 passages

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二十年，朝鮮乞師，鴻章令選練軍千五百，率太原總兵聶士成頓牙山。 In year twenty Korea requested aid; Hongzhang detached fifteen hundred trained troops and, with Taiyuan Commander Nie Shicheng, stationed them at Asan.

士成謂志超曰：「海道既梗，牙山絕地，不可守。 Shicheng told Zhichao: "The sea lanes are cut, and Asan is an exposed salient—we cannot hold it.

日軍偪成歡，士成以無援敗，趨公州就志超。 Japanese forces pressed Seonghwan; without reinforcements Shicheng was beaten and fell back to Gongju to join Zhichao.

而志超已棄公州，間道出漢陽東，士成追及之。 Zhichao had already abandoned Gongju and slipped away east of Hanyang by a back road; Shicheng caught up with him there.

志超奔安州，士成謂安地備險奧，可固守，弗聽。 Zhichao fled to Anju; Shicheng argued that its rugged terrain could be held, but Zhichao would not listen.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 465Volume 465 Biographies 252: Xu Tong With: Yu Shi, Yu Shi Son: Cheng Yu, Gang Yi, Zhao Shuqiao, Qi Xiu, Ying Nian, Yu Lu With: Ting Yong, Yu Xian With: Li Tingxiao · 1 passage

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匪眾堅請褫提督聶士成職，剛毅踵至，許之。 the rebels demanded Grand Commissioner Nie Shicheng be removed; Gang Yi arrived after him and agreed.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 467Volume 467 Biographies 254: Li Bingheng, Wang Tingxiang, Nie Shicheng, Luo Rongguang, Shou Shan Zu Sun : Rui Chang, Feng Xiang, Chong Yu · 21 passages

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李秉衡王廷相聶士成羅榮光壽山族孫瑞昌鳳翔崇玉等 Li Bingheng, Wang Tingxiang, Nie Shicheng, Luo Rongguang, and Shoushan's kinsmen Ruichang, Fengxiang, Chongyu, and others

聶士成，字功亭，安徽合肥人。 Nie Shicheng, whose style was Gongting, came from Hefei in Anhui.

東捻敗，賜號力勇巴圖魯，擢總兵。 When the eastern Nian were defeated, he was granted the title Liyong Batulu and promoted to regional commander.

調統蘆臺淮、練諸軍，擊熱河朝陽教匪，擒斬其酋楊悅春，賞黃馬褂，易勇號曰巴圖隆阿。 He was transferred to command the Huai and trained troops at Lutai, attacked the Chaoyang sect rebels in Rehe, captured and beheaded their leader Yang Yuechun, was granted the yellow riding jacket, and his bravery title was changed to Baturong'a.

士成乃先諸軍發，次成歡，遇伏，迷失道，吏士無人色。 Shicheng marched ahead of the other columns, reached Seonghwan, ran into an ambush, and lost the road; officers and men turned ashen.

士成見二鶴立岡阜，語眾曰：「彼處無隱兵也！」 Shicheng saw two cranes standing on a hill and told the men: "No troops are hidden there!"

志超已棄公州行，追及之。 Zhichao had already abandoned Gongju and marched on; Shicheng caught up with him.

士成議趨平壤合大軍，而鴻章檄令內渡，以故平壤陷，得免議。 Shicheng urged pressing on to Pyongyang to join the main army, but Li Hongzhang's order commanded withdrawal across the sea; when Pyongyang fell he therefore escaped blame.

志超逮問，宋慶接統諸軍，遣士成守虎山。 Zhichao was arrested and brought to trial; Song Qing took command of the armies and sent Shicheng to hold Tiger Mountain.

未幾，銘軍潰，諸軍皆走，士成猶悉力以御。 Before long Liu Mingchuan's army collapsed and every column fled, yet Shicheng still fought with all his strength to hold the line.

是時遼西危棘，士成請奇兵出敵後截其運道，諸帥不從，乃自率師偪雪裡站而陣。 Western Liaoning was then in dire peril; Shicheng proposed sending a daring detachment behind the enemy to cut their supply line, but the other commanders refused, so he himself led his troops forward and drew up battle lines before Xuelizhan.