Ouyang Xiu (歐陽修) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Ouyang Xiu as a diplomat, editor, envoy, and historian. This record brings together 20 passages from 12 chapters across 4 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽修	Ouyang Xiu
Title	Academician Ouyang Xiu
Surname	Ouyang	歐陽	Ouyang
Surname	Ouyang	歐陽
Surname	Ouyang	歐陽	Ōuyáng
Personal name	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽	Ouyang
Personal name	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽
Personal name	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽修	Ouyang Xiu
Personal	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽修	Ōuyáng Xiū
Personal name	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽修	Ōuyáng Xiū
Personal name	Ouyang Xiu	歐陽脩	Ōuyáng Xiū
Given	Xiu	修	Xiu

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:011:s0044, jiuwudaishi:062:s0003, jiuwudaishi:122:s0009, liaoshi:021:s0055, liaoshi:104:s0061, liaoshi:110:s0003, xintangshu:020:s0001
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:139:s0003, jiuwudaishi:144:s0134, liaoshi:112:s0015, songshi:014:s0027, songshi:107:s0036

Roles

Diplomat
Editor
Envoy
Historian
Official
Scholar
Writer

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 清寧元年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1055
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:021:s0055
Source Date: Text: 嘉祐四年十月 · Western Year: AD 1059
Explicit event contextual date · songshi:107:s0036
Source Date: Text: 奉敕撰 · Western Year: AD 1060
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Source Date: Text: 宋史編纂時代 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1040 · End: AD 1070
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:110:s0003
Source Date: Text: 歐陽修 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1007 · End: AD 1072
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:104:s0061
Source Date: Text: 歐陽修作《唐書》 · Western Year: AD 1060
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:112:s0015
Source Date: Text: 歐陽史 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1036 · End: AD 1072
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:122:s0009, jiuwudaishi:122:s0028
Source Date: Text: 歐陽史 · Western Year: AD 1053
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:139:s0003
Source Date: Text: 歐陽史 · Western Year: AD 1072
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:062:s0003
Source Date: Text: 歐陽史 · Western Year: AD 1073
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:011:s0044
Source Date: Text: 歐陽史 · Western Year: AD 1073
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:144:s0134
Source Date: Text: 治平四年正月戊辰 · Western Year: AD 1067
Explicit · songshi:014:s0027

Career and standing

Label: historian / 史家
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:139:s0003
Label: Bozhou prefect / 知亳州 · Action: dismissed
Explicit · songshi:014:s0261
Label: Academician of the Dragon Diagram Hall / 龍圖閣學士 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Label: Attendant Gentleman / 給事中 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Label: Compiler at the Historical Archive / 史館脩撰 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Label: Drafter of Imperial Rescripts / 知制誥 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Label: Grand Master for Palace Audience / 朝散大夫 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Label: Hanlin Academician / 翰林學士 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Label: participating administrator / 參知政事 · Action: held
Explicit · songshi:014:s0027

Places and affiliations

Label: Song / 宋 · Relation: served
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0055
Polity: Song / 宋 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · xintangshu:020:s0001

Works and attributed material

Work: Family Biographies in New History / 家人傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:011:s0044
Work: Ouyang's History (New History of the Five Dynasties) / 歐陽史 · Relation: author
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:144:s0134
Work: Treatise on Rites and Music 10 / 禮樂志第十 · Relation: author
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Work: Biographies of Rebellious Ministers / 逆臣傳 · Relation: created
Explicit · liaoshi:112:s0015
Work: Biographies of the Imperial Family in Ouyang's History / 歐陽史·家人傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:122:s0009, jiuwudaishi:122:s0028
Work: biographies of treacherous ministers / 奸臣傳 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:110:s0003
Work: Biography of Cui Zhuo / 崔棁傳 · Relation: author
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:144:s0134
Work: Book of Tang / 唐書 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:112:s0015
Work: History of the Five Dynasties / 五代史 · Relation: author
Explicit · liaoshi:104:s0061
Work: New Book of Tang / 唐書 · Relation: author
Explicit · xintangshu:020:s0001
Work: New History / Ouyang's History / 歐陽史 · Relation: author
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:011:s0044, jiuwudaishi:011:s0048
Work: New History of the Five Dynasties (Ouyang History) / 歐陽史 · Relation: author
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:139:s0003, jiuwudaishi:139:s0067, jiuwudaishi:139:s0100, jiuwudaishi:139:s0110, jiuwudaishi:139:s0145
Work: Ouyang Xiu's history / 歐陽史 · Relation: author
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:062:s0003, jiuwudaishi:062:s0055
Kind: deliberation · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · songshi:107:s0036, songshi:107:s0037, songshi:107:s0038, songshi:107:s0039, songshi:107:s0040, songshi:107:s0041, songshi:107:s0042, songshi:107:s0043, songshi:107:s0044, songshi:107:s0045, songshi:107:s0046, songshi:107:s0047, songshi:107:s0048, songshi:107:s0049, songshi:107:s0050

Events and relationships

Kind: diplomatic · Role: envoy · Action: congratulated-accession · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧元年丙申 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1055
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0055

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: placed Liao among the four barbarians · Provenance: Mode: allegation · Source Person Id: Liu Hui (劉輝)
Explicit · liaoshi:104:s0061

Source notes

Historicity: historical
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:139:s0003, xintangshu:020:s0001

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 11Volume 11 Book of Later Liang 11: Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 2 passages

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又，案《五代會要》所載，內職有梁太祖昭儀陳氏、昭容李氏，《歐陽史》並見《家人傳》。）〉 The 《Five Dynasties Institutional Compendium》 also lists the Founder’s Lady of Bright Deportment Chen and Lady of Bright Countenance Li, both noted in Ouyang Xiu’s 《New History》 Family section.)〉

案《歐陽史次妃郭氏傳》云：晉天福三年，詔太社先藏罪人首級，許親屬收葬，乃出末帝首，遣右衛將軍安崇阮與妃同葬。 Ouyang’s 《History》 biography of Consort Guo notes that in Tianfu 3 Jin permitted families to claim criminals’ heads from the Grand Altar; the Last Emperor’s head was released and General An Chongruan buried it with his consort.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 62Volume 62 Book of Later Tang 38: Biographies 14: Meng Fangli, Zhang Wenli, Dong Zhang · 2 passages

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〈（《歐陽史》雲邢州人，《通鑒》雲汧州人。）〉 (Ouyang Xiu's history says he was from Xingzhou; the Zizhi Tongjian says from Qianzhou.)〉

《歐陽史》云：天復元年，梁遣氏叔琮攻晉，出天井關，遷開門降，為梁兵鄉道以攻太原，不克； Ouyang Xiu's history records that in 901 the Liang sent Shi Shuzong against Jin through Tianjing Pass; Qian opened the gates, guided the Liang army toward Taiyuan, and failed to take the city;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 122Volume 122 Book of Later Zhou 24: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 2 passages

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原本過於簡略，疑有刪節，今據《歐陽史·家人傳》云：初，帝舉兵於魏，漢以兵圍帝第，時張貴妃與諸子青哥、意哥，侄守筠、奉超、定哥皆被誅。 The base text is so terse that passages may have been cut; the following is drawn from Ouyang Xiu's family biographies. When the future Taizu first took up arms in Wei, the Later Han besieged his household. The honored consort Zhang, the boys Qingge and Yige, and the nephews Shoujun, Fengchao, and Dingge were all put to death.

〈（《歐陽史·家人傳》云：世宗子七人，長曰宜哥，次二皆未名，次曰恭皇帝，次曰熙讓，次曰熙謹，次曰熙誨，皆不知其母為誰氏，宜哥與其二皆為漢誅。 Ouyang Xiu's family biographies record seven sons of Shizong: the eldest Yige, two younger boys still unnamed, then the future Emperor Gong, then Xi Rang, Xi Jin, and Xi Hui. Their mothers are unknown. Yige and the two unnamed boys were killed by the Later Han.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 139Volume 139: Treatises 1 Astronomy · 5 passages

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〈（案：《薛史天文志序》《永樂大典》原闕，然其日食、星變諸門，事跡具存，較《歐陽史·司天考》為詳備。 (Editor's note: The preface to the Astronomical Treatise in Xue Juzheng's History is originally missing from the Yongle Encyclopedia, but the chapters on solar eclipses, stellar changes, and related topics survive with their records intact and are fuller than the Heavenly Offices treatise in Ouyang Xiu's New History.)

〈（案《歐陽史》：九月丙辰，太白、歲相犯。 (Editor's note: Ouyang Xiu's History records that on bingchen of the ninth month Venus and Jupiter came into mutual conjunction.)

〈（案《歐陽史》：九月辛巳，太白犯右執法。 (Editor's note: Ouyang Xiu's History records that on xinsi of the ninth month Venus encroached on the Right Enforcer star.

〈（案：此條《歐陽史》不載。）〉 (Editor's note: Ouyang Xiu's History does not include this entry.)〉

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 144Volume 144: Treatises 6 Music 1 · 1 passage

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〈（《歐陽史·崔棁傳》：高祖詔太常復文武二舞，詳定正冬朝會禮及樂章。 (Ouyang's History [New History of the Five Dynasties], Biography of Cui Zhuo: Gaozu ordered the Court of Imperial Sacrifices to restore the civil and military dances and to fix in detail the rites of the winter court assembly and the music sections.

History of Liao, Chapter 21Volume 21 Annals 21: Daozong 1 · 1 passage

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丙申，宋遣歐陽修等來賀即位。 On bingshen day Song sent Ouyang Xiu and others to congratulate the accession.

History of Liao, Chapter 104Volume 104 Biographies 34: Literature 2 · 1 passage

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壽隆二年，復上書曰：「宋歐陽修編《五代史》，附我朝於四夷，妄加貶訾。 In the second year of Shoulong he again memorialized the throne: "The Song scholar Ouyang Xiu compiled the History of the Five Dynasties and placed our dynasty among the four barbarians, recklessly denigrating us.

History of Liao, Chapter 110Volume 110 Biographies 40: Treacherous Ministers 1 · 1 passage

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故遷、固傳佞幸、酷吏，歐陽修則並奸臣錄之，將俾為君者知所鑒，為臣者知所戒。 That is why Sima Qian and Ban Gu devoted biographies to flatterers and harsh officials, and why Ouyang Xiu added treacherous ministers as well—so that rulers would know what to heed and ministers what to fear.

History of Liao, Chapter 112Volume 112 Biographies 42: Rebellious Officials 1 · 1 passage

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歐陽修作《唐書》，創《逆臣傳》，蓋亦《春秋》之意也。 When Ouyang Xiu compiled the 《Book of Tang》, he inaugurated the 《Biographies of Rebellious Ministers》—surely in the same spirit as the 《Spring and Autumn》.

History of Song, Chapter 14Volume 14 Annals 14: Shenzong 1 · 2 passages

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戊辰，以韓琦守司空兼侍中，曾公亮行門下侍郎兼吏部尚書、進封英國公，文彥博行尚書左僕射、檢校司徒兼中書令，富弼改武甯軍節度使、進封鄭國公，曹佾改昭慶軍節度使、檢校太傅，張昪改河陽三城節度使，宗諤同中書門下平章事，改集慶軍節度使、檢校尚書左僕射，歐陽修、趙槩並加尚書左丞，仍參知政事，陳升之爲戶部侍郎，呂公弼爲刑部侍郎，允弼、允良並加守太保，弟東陽郡王顥進封昌王，鄠國公頵進封樂安郡王。 On wuchen the cabinet was reshaped: Han Qi, Zeng Gongliang, Wen Yanbo, Fu Bi, Cao Yi, Zhang Sheng, Zongnu, Ouyang Xiu, Zhao Gai, Chen Shengzhi, Lü Gongbi, and the princes received new ranks and posts.

壬申，歐陽修罷知亳州。 On renshen, Ouyang Xiu left the Bozhou prefecture.

History of Song, Chapter 107Volume 107 Treatises 60: Rites 10 · 1 passage

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學士歐陽修等曰：「古者宗廟之制，皆一帝一後。 Academician Ouyang Xiu and his colleagues argued: "In antiquity, each emperor in the ancestral temple was paired with a single empress.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 20Volume 20 Treatises 10: Rites and Music 10 · 1 passage

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禮樂志第十唐書二十翰林學士兼龍圖閣學士朝散大夫給事中知制誥充史館脩撰臣歐陽脩奉敕撰五曰凶禮。 Treatise on Rites and Music 10 Book of Tang, Volume 20 — compiled by imperial order of Ouyang Xiu, Hanlin Academician and Academician of the Dragon Diagram Hall, Grand Master for Palace Audience, Attendant Gentleman with Authority to Draft Imperial Rescripts, and Compiler at the Historical Archive. Fifth: Inauspicious Rites.