Ren'ade (仁德皇后) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Ren'ade as a consort and royal family member. This record brings together 14 passages from 8 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Ren'ade	仁德皇后	Ren'ade
Posthumous name	Empress Ren'ade	仁德皇后	Ren'ade
Title	Empress Rende	仁德皇后
Posthumous name	Empress Rende	仁德皇后	Réndé huánghòu
Temple	Empress Rende	仁德皇后	Rende Huanghou
Title	Empress Rendé	仁德皇后
Title	Empress Rendu	仁德皇后	Réndé huánghòu
Title	legitimate empress	嫡後
Personal name	Ren'ade	仁德	Ren'ade
Posthumous	Rende	仁德	Rende
Posthumous name	Rende	仁德
Posthumous	Rende	仁德	Réndé
Personal	Rende	仁德	Rende
Title	the empress	後
Title	the empress	皇后

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Female

Sex: female
Explicit · liaoshi:062:s0003, liaoshi:067:s0329, liaoshi:080:s0086, liaoshi:087:s0049, liaoshi:088:s0113, liaoshi:097:s0078, liaoshi:109:s0042
Sex: female
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:086:s0125

Roles

Consort
Royal Family Member

Life and dates

Death

Manner: murder · Agent Person Id: Empress Qin'ai (欽哀皇后)
Explicit · liaoshi:087:s0049
Manner: assassinated · Place: Shangjing / 上京
Explicit · liaoshi:062:s0005, liaoshi:062:s0006, liaoshi:062:s0100

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 太平十一年 · Reign Id: liao-taiping · Regnal Year: 11 · Western Year: AD 1031
Explicit · liaoshi:087:s0049, liaoshi:087:s0048
Source Date: Text: 太平十一年 · Reign Id: liao-taiping · Regnal Year: 11 · Western Year: AD 1031
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:088:s0113
Western Interval: Start: AD 982 · End: AD 1031 · Source Date: Text: 聖宗
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0329
Source Date: Text: 聖宗大漸 · Western Year: AD 1031
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:097:s0078
Source Date: Text: 興宗即位 · Western Year: AD 1031
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:062:s0002, liaoshi:062:s0003, liaoshi:080:s0085, liaoshi:080:s0086
Source Date: Text: 重熙二十一年 · Western Year: AD 1052
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0125
Source Date: Text: 開泰八年 · Western Year: AD 1019
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:109:s0041, liaoshi:109:s0042

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Sibling of Xiao Hubu (蕭浞卜)
Kinship Term: empress's younger brother / 後弟 · Subject Relative Age: younger
Spouse of Yelü Longxu (耶律隆緒)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage · Subject Role: wife · Object Role: husband
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Xingzong (興宗)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage
Child of Kuinin (隗因)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
Kin of Xiao Hubu (蕭浞卜)
Kinship Term: marriage connection / 姻援

Career and standing

Status: accused-of-treason · Action: accused · Authority Person Id: Yelü Xisun (耶律喜孫)
Explicit · liaoshi:097:s0078
Status: sought-execution · Action: sought-to-execute · Other Person Id: Zhao Anren (趙安仁)
Explicit · liaoshi:109:s0044
Status: false-accusation · Action: suffered · Authority Person Id: Feng Jianu (馮家奴)
Explicit · liaoshi:080:s0086
Label: imprisonment / 幽 · Action: suffered
Explicit · liaoshi:062:s0005

Places and affiliations

Polity Id: liao · Relation: active-in
Explicit · liaoshi:062:s0003
Polity Id: liao · Relation: associated-with
Explicit · liaoshi:109:s0042
Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:067:s0329
Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Explicit · liaoshi:097:s0078
Place: Shangjing / 上京 · Relation: confined-at
Explicit · liaoshi:062:s0005

Events and relationships

Relation: rival-of · Person Id: Empress Qin'ai (欽哀皇后)
Explicit · liaoshi:109:s0042

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Liao, Chapter 62Volume 62 Treatises 32: Punishment and Law 2 · 4 passages

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馮家奴等希欽哀意，誣蕭浞卜等謀反，連及嫡後仁德皇后。 Feng Jianu and others, eager to please Qin'ai, framed Xiao Hubu and his associates for treason and dragged in the legitimate empress, Ren'ade.

浞卜等十餘人與仁德姻援，坐罪者四十餘輩皆被大辟，仍籍其家。 Hubu and more than ten others were connected to Ren'ade by marriage; over forty people implicated in the case were executed, and their families' property was confiscated.

幽仁德於上京，既而遣人弒之。 Ren'ade was imprisoned at Shangjing, and assassins were soon sent to kill her.

蓋自興宗時，遽起大獄，仁德皇后戕於幽所，遼政始衰。 From Xingzong's reign great purges began; Empress Ren'ade died in confinement—and Liao governance began its decline.

History of Liao, Chapter 67Volume 67 Tables 5: Families of Imperial Consorts · 1 passage

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聖宗仁德皇后父隗因 Kuinin, father of Empress Rende, consort of Emperor Shengzong

History of Liao, Chapter 80Volume 80 Biographies 10: Zhang Jian, Xing Baopu, Ma Dechen, Xiao Pu, Yelu Eight Brothers · 1 passage

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方仁德皇后以馮家奴所誣被害，樸屢言其冤，不報。 Empress Rendu had been destroyed through a false accusation by the Feng family slave; Pu repeatedly spoke of her injustice, but received no response.

History of Liao, Chapter 86Volume 86 Biographies 16: Yelu Hezhu, Liu Jing, Liu Liufu, Ye Luniaolu, Niu Wenshu, Du Fang, Xiao Heshang, Yelu Helizhi, Yelu Pode · 1 passage

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二十一年秋，祭仁德皇后，詔儒臣賦詩，防為冠，賜金帶。 In the autumn of the twenty-first year, at the rites for Empress Rende, the court ordered scholar-officials to compose poems; Fang's ranked first, and he was granted a gold belt.

History of Liao, Chapter 87Volume 87 Biographies 17: · 2 passages

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興宗諒陰，欽哀弒仁德皇后，孝先與蕭浞卜、蕭匹敵等謀居多。 While Emperor Xingzong was in mourning, Qin'ai murdered Empress Rende; Xiaoxian, together with Xiao Fubu, Xiao Pidi, and others, played the leading part in the plot.

孝先預弒仁德之謀，猶依城社以逃熏灌，為國臣蠹，雖功何議焉。 Xiaoxian took part beforehand in the plot against Empress Rende, yet still sheltered behind the altars of state to escape punishment. He was a canker upon the realm's ministers; what merit of his could be weighed?

History of Liao, Chapter 88Volume 88 Biographies 18: Xiao Dilie, Yelu Pennu, Xiao Paiya, Yelu Zizhong, Yelu Yaozhi, Yelu Honggu, Gao Zheng, Yelu Delu, Da Kangyi · 1 passage

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先是，欽哀與仁德皇后有隙，以匹敵嘗為後所愛，忌之。 Earlier, Qinai and Empress Rendé had been at odds. Because Pike had once been favored by the empress, Qinai resented him.

History of Liao, Chapter 97Volume 97 Biographies 27: Yelu Wotela, Hai Li, Dou Jingyong, Yelu Yinji, Yang Ji, Zhao Hui, Wang Guan, Yelu Xisun · 1 passage

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聖宗大漸，喜孫與馮家奴告仁德皇后同宰相蕭浞卜等謀逆事。 When Emperor Shengzong was critically ill, Xisun together with Feng Jianu reported that Empress Rende, Chancellor Xiao Pobu, and others were plotting treason.

History of Liao, Chapter 109Volume 109 Biographies 39: Music and Imperial Officials · 3 passages

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初，仁德皇后與欽哀有隙，欽哀密令安仁伺皇后動靜，無不知者。 Earlier Empress Rende and Empress Dowager Qin'ai were estranged; Qin'ai secretly set Anren to spy on the empress's every move, and nothing escaped him.

仁德皇后威權既重，安仁懼禍，復謀亡歸。 When Empress Rende's power grew formidable, Anren feared for his life and again plotted to escape south.

仁德欲誅之，欽哀以言營救。 Rende sought to have him executed, but Qin'ai interceded for him.