Qing · Crown Prince

Yinreng 允礽

Yǔnréng

Attested AD 1701 - AD 1718

Passages: 50
Chapters: 5
Histories: 1

Overview

The translated histories identify Yinreng as an aristocrat, royal family member, and ruler. This record brings together 50 passages from 5 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Yinreng	允礽	Yǔnréng
Title	Crown Prince	皇太子
Title	Prince Limi	理密親王
Title	Prince Limi	理密親王	Limi Qinwang
Title	Second Prince	二阿哥
Personal	Yinreng	允礽
Personal	Yinreng	允礽	Yinreng
Personal name	Yunreng	允礽	Yunreng

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0061, qingshigao:286:s0029, qingshigao:287:s0017
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:440:s0092

Roles

Aristocrat
Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 咸豐九年 · Western Year: AD 1859
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:440:s0092, qingshigao:440:s0093
Source Date: Text: 四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit · qingshigao:271:s0156, qingshigao:287:s0017
Source Date: Text: 四十八年 · Western Year: AD 1709
Explicit · qingshigao:287:s0032
Source Date: Text: 康熙五十七年 · Western Year: AD 1718
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:286:s0110
Source Date: Text: 康熙四十一年 · Western Year: AD 1702
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0046
Source Date: Text: 康熙四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:286:s0089
Source Date: Text: 康熙四十二年 · Western Year: AD 1703
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0061
Source Date: Text: 康熙四十年 · Western Year: AD 1701
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:269:s0045

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Ancestor of Fukun (福錕)
Kinship Term: sixth-generation descendant / 六世孫 · Generation Distance: 6 · Line: paternal
Kinship Term: sixth-generation descendant / 六世孫 · Generation Distance: 6
Sibling of Yunsi (允禩)
Kinship Term: imperial brother / 貝勒 · Shared Parentage: paternal-half
Child of Kangxi Emperor (聖祖)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father

Kinship Role: sons · Count: 8 · Count Note: 其子七八人 seven or eight sons
Explicit · qingshigao:286:s0139

Career and standing

Title: Prince Limi / 理密親王 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:440:s0092
Status: deposed-crown-prince · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:287:s0017
Status: imprisoned · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:287:s0017
Status: released · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:287:s0023
Status: restored-crown-prince · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四十八年 · Western Year: AD 1709
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:287:s0032
Status: deposed-crown-prince · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit · qingshigao:271:s0156
Action: deposed for madness
Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0061
Action: deposed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 康熙四十七年 · Western Year: AD 1708
Explicit · qingshigao:286:s0089

Events and relationships

Relation: aided-by · Person Id: Songgotu (索額圖) · Note: Songgotu helped Yinreng plot
Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0061

Source notes

Historicity: historical
Explicit · qingshigao:269:s0061

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 269Volume 269 Biographies 56: Suo Etu, Ming Zhu · 11 passages

索額圖事皇太子謹，皇太子漸失上意。 Songgotu served the crown prince faithfully, yet the heir gradually fell from the emperor's favor.

四十一年，上閱河至德州，皇太子有疾，召索額圖自京師至德州侍疾。 In Kangxi 41 (1702), while the emperor inspected the rivers at Dezhou, the crown prince fell ill; Songgotu was summoned from Beijing to nurse him.

居月馀，皇太子疾愈，還京師。 After more than a month the heir recovered and they returned to Beijing.

皇太子在德州，爾乘馬至中門始下，即此爾已應死。 At Dezhou you rode to the middle gate before dismounting—for that alone you deserved death.

後數年，皇太子以狂疾廢，上宣諭罪狀，謂：「索額圖助允礽潛謀大事，朕知其情，將索額圖處死。 Years later the crown prince was deposed for madness; the emperor announced his crimes, saying, 'Songgotu helped Yinreng plot treason; I knew it and was about to execute Songgotu.

今允礽欲為索額圖報仇，令朕戒慎不寧。」 Now Yinreng seeks to avenge Songgotu, leaving me watchful and uneasy.'

他日，上謂廷臣曰：「昔索額圖懷私，倡議皇太子服禦俱用黃色，一切儀制幾與朕相似。 On another occasion the emperor told the court, 'Songgotu once urged that the crown prince's dress and regalia all be yellow, so that his ritual forms nearly matched my own.

索額圖善事皇太子，而明珠反之，朝士有侍皇太子者，皆陰斥去。 Songgotu cultivated the crown prince; Mingzhu opposed him and secretly drove away officials who served the heir.

薦湯斌傅皇太子，即以傾斌。 He recommended Tang Bin as tutor to the crown prince, then used the appointment to destroy him.

索額圖以附皇太子得罪，禍延於後嗣。 Songgotu fell for siding with the crown prince, and disaster reached his descendants.

明珠與索額圖競權，不附皇太子，雖被彈事罷相，聖祖猶念其贊撤籓，力全之，以視索額圖，豈不幸哉？ Mingzhu rivaled Songgotu and did not back the crown prince; though impeached and removed from office, the Kangxi Emperor still remembered his support for abolishing the fiefs and protected him—compared with Songgotu, was he not the luckier man?

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 271Volume 271 Biographies 58: Xu Qianxue, Wang Hongxu, Gao Shiqi · 1 passage

其年冬，皇太子允礽既廢，詔大臣保奏儲貳，鴻緒與内大臣阿靈阿、侍郎揆敘等謀，舉皇子允禩，詔切責，以原品休致。 That winter, after Crown Prince Yinreng had been deposed, the emperor ordered senior ministers to nominate a successor; Wang Hongxu joined Inner Court minister Aring'a, Vice Minister Kui Xu, and others in backing Prince Yunsi; the emperor rebuked them sharply and sent them home at their former rank.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 286Volume 286 Biographies 73: Wang Shan, Lao Zhibian, Zhu Tianbao, Tao Yi · 20 passages

時上春秋高，皇太子允礽既廢，儲位未定。 The emperor was then in advanced age. Crown Prince Yunreng had been deposed and the succession remained unsettled.

掞复疏前事，請釋二阿哥，語加激切。 Shan memorialized again on the same issue, urging release of the Second Prince in increasingly forceful terms.

四十七年，皇太子允礽既廢，上日夕憂懣。 In 1708, after Crown Prince Yunreng was deposed, the emperor was day and night in distress.

十二月，之辨密奏曰：「皇上之於皇太子，分則君臣，親則父子。 In the twelfth month Zhibian secretly memorialized: "Between Your Majesty and the crown prince, in office you are sovereign and subject, in affection father and son.

皇太子初以疾獲戾，今疾已平復。 The crown prince first gave offense through illness, but his illness has now fully recovered.

乞速渙新綸，收回成詔，敕部擇吉早正東宮，佈告中外，俾天下曉然知聖人舉動，仁至義盡，大公無私。 I beg Your Majesty to issue a new edict at once, withdraw the completed decree, and order the ministries to choose an auspicious day to restore the Eastern Palace and proclaim it at home and abroad, so all under Heaven may see that the sage's act is fully benevolent, fully righteous, and wholly without private bias.

自此以往，皇上待皇太子與諸皇子，尤原均之以恩，範之以禮，則宜君宜王之美，不難上媲成周，遠超百代。 From now on, if Your Majesty treats the crown prince and all the princes with equal grace and molds them with ritual, the virtue of a true sovereign would rival the Zhou of Cheng and surpass a hundred generations.

五十七年正月，疏請復立二阿哥允礽為皇太子。 In the first month of 1718 he memorialized to restore the Second Prince Yunreng as crown prince.

時允礽廢已久，儲位未定，貝勒允禩覬得立，揆敘、王鴻緒等左右之，欲陰害允礽。 Yunreng had long been deposed and the succession unsettled. Prince Yunsi coveted the throne, and Kui Xu, Wang Hongxu, and others backed him and wished secretly to harm Yunreng.

硃天保憂之，具疏上，略曰：「二阿哥雖以疾廢，然其過失良由習於驕抗，左右小人誘導之故。 Zhu Tianbao was troubled and submitted a memorial, saying in part: "Although the Second Prince was deposed for illness, his faults came from arrogance and from petty men who led him astray.

上怒，於行宮禦門召問曰：「爾雲二阿哥仁孝，何由知之？」 The emperor was angry and summoned him at the palace gate: "You say the Second Prince is benevolent and filial. How do you know?"

上曰：「爾父在官時，二阿哥本無疾，學問弓馬皆可觀。 The emperor said, "When your father was in office the Second Prince had no illness. His learning, archery, and horsemanship were all commendable.

爾又云二阿哥聖而益聖，賢而益賢，爾從何而知？」 You also say he grows ever more sage and worthy. How do you know?"

上复禦門召問曰：「二阿哥因病拘禁，朕猶望其痊癒，故复釋放，父子相見。 The emperor again questioned them at the gate: "The Second Prince was confined for illness. I still hoped he would recover, released him, and father and son met.

二阿哥以礬水作書與普奇，屬其保舉為大將軍，並謂齊世、札拉克圖皆當為將軍。 The Second Prince wrote in invisible ink to Puqi, asking him to recommend him as great general and saying Qishi and Zhilaketu should also become generals.

戾太子父子間隔，朕於二阿哥常遣內監往視，賜食賜物。 Crown Prince Li and his father were estranged. Toward the Second Prince I constantly send eunuchs to visit and give food and gifts.

今二阿哥顏貌豐滿，其子七八人，朕常留養宮中，何得比戾太子？ Now the Second Prince looks full and healthy. He has seven or eight sons whom I often keep in the palace. How can he be compared to Crown Prince Li?

爾又稱二阿哥為費揚古陷害。 You also said the Second Prince was framed by Fei Yanggu.

費揚古乃功臣，病篤時，朕親臨視，沒後遣二阿哥往奠。 Fei Yanggu was a meritorious minister. When he was gravely ill I visited him in person, and after his death I sent the Second Prince to mourn him.

論曰：理密親王在儲位久，未聞顯有失德，而終遭廢黜，聖祖手詔，若有深痛鉅慝至不可言者。 The commentator says: Prince Limi long held the heir's place and no marked misconduct was heard of, yet he was deposed in the end. The Kangxi Emperor's own edict seems to hold a grief at some great evil beyond words.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 287Volume 287 Biographies 74: Tong Guo Wei, Ma Qi, A Ling A, Kui Xu, E Lundai · 17 passages

四十七年，皇太子允礽以病廢幽禁，上鬱怒成疾。 In year 47 Crown Prince Yinreng was deposed and imprisoned for illness; the emperor, brooding in anger, fell sick.

上命諸大臣保奏諸皇子中孰可為皇太子者，諸大臣舉皇子允禩，上愈不懌。 The emperor ordered the great ministers to recommend which prince might be made crown prince; the ministers named Prince Yinshi, and the emperor grew still more displeased.

旋以皇太子病癒，命釋之。 Before long, learning the crown prince's illness had healed, he ordered him released.

閱月，上已定復立允礽為皇太子，又諭曰：「爾乃國舅，又為大臣。 A month later the emperor had already resolved to restore Yinreng as crown prince and said again: 'You are the emperor's uncle and also a great minister.

皇太子前染瘋疾，朕為國家計，安可不行拘執？ When the crown prince earlier fell mad, could I, for the state's sake, have failed to confine him?

朕拘執皇太子時，並無他意。 When I confined the crown prince I had no other design.

諸大臣聞爾言，眾皆恐懼，遂欲立允禩為皇太子，列名保奏。 When the great ministers heard you, they were all terrified and then wished to make Yinshi crown prince, signing a joint recommendation.

此事關係甚重，爾既有此奏，必有確見，其何以令朕及皇太子、諸皇子不致殷憂，眾心亦可定？ This affair weighs most heavily; since you memorialized, you must have a clear view — how will you keep me, the crown prince, and the princes from deep grief and also settle every heart?

四十七年冬，皇太子允礽既廢，儲位未定，佟國維奏請速斷。 In the winter of year 47, after Crown Prince Yinreng had been deposed and the succession unsettled, Tong Guowei memorialized for a swift decision.

上召滿、漢文武諸大臣集暢春園議諸皇子中孰可為皇太子者。 The emperor summoned Manchu and Han civil and military great ministers to the Garden of Everlasting Spring to discuss which prince might be made crown prince.

上意在復立皇太子，而諸皇子中貝勒允禩覬為皇太子最力，諸大臣揆敘、王鴻緒及佟國綱子鄂倫岱等為之羽翼。 The emperor intended to restore the crown prince, but among the princes Beile Yinshi coveted the position most fiercely; Grand Ministers Kui Xu and Wang Hongxu, with Olondai son of Tong Guogang, backed him.

四十七年，與揆敘、王鴻緒等密議舉允禩為皇太子。 In year 47 he joined Kui Xu, Wang Hongxu, and others in secretly plotting to make Yinshi crown prince.

當年二阿哥之廢，斷自聖衷。 When the Second Prince was deposed, the decision came solely from the Sacred Mind.

皇太子既廢，揆敘與阿靈阿等播蜚語，言皇太子諸失德狀，杜其復立。 After the crown prince was deposed, Kui Xu and Aringa spread slander, recounting the crown prince's moral failings to block his restoration.

四十七年冬，上召滿、漢大臣問諸皇子中孰可為皇太子者，揆敘及阿靈阿、鄂倫岱、王鴻緒等私與諸大臣通消息，諸大臣遂舉允禩。 In the winter of year 47, when the emperor summoned Manchu and Han ministers to ask which prince might be crown prince, Kui Xu with Aringa, Olondai, Wang Hongxu, and others privately signaled the ministers, who then nominated Yinshi.

論曰：理密親王既廢，自諸皇子允禟、允䄉輩及諸大臣多謀擁允禩，聖祖終不許。 The commentary says: After Prince Limi was deposed, from Princes Yintang and Yin'e to the great ministers, many plotted to install Yinshi, but the Sacred Ancestor never permitted it.

佟國維陳奏激切，意若不利於故皇太子，語不及允禩，而意有所在，馬齊遂示意諸大臣。 Tong Guowei's memorial was fiercely worded, as though unfavorable to the former crown prince; he did not name Yinshi, yet his intent lay elsewhere, and Ma Qi then signaled the ministers.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 440Volume 440 Biographies 227: Ying Gui, Zong Shizailing, En Cheng, Zong Shifukun, Chong Li, Yu De · 1 passage

宗室福錕，字箴庭，隸鑲藍旗，理密親王允礽六世孫。 Zongshi Fukun, styled Zhenting, belonged to the Bordered Blue Banner and was a sixth-generation descendant of Prince Limi, Yunreng.