Zhu Youwen (朱友文) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Zhu Youwen as an administrator, aristocrat, and royal family member. This record brings together 17 passages from 6 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Zhu Youwen	朱友文	Zhu Youwen
Surname	Kang	康	Kāng
Personal	Kang Qin	康勤	Kāng Qín
Title	Prince of Bo	博王
Title	Prince of Bo	博王	Bo Wang
Title	Prince of Bo	博王	Bowang
Title	Prince Youwen of Bo	博王友文
Personal	You Wen	友文	Yǒu Wén
Personal name	You Wen	友文	You Wen
Given	Youwen	友文	Youwen
Personal	Youwen	友文	Youwen
Personal name	Youwen	友文	Youwen
Personal name	Zhu Youwen	朱友文	Zhu Youwen

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:006:s0001, jiuwudaishi:007:s0066, jiuwudaishi:007:s0070, jiuwudaishi:007:s0073, jiuwudaishi:007:s0113, xinwudaishi:003:s0005
Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0091, xinwudaishi:002:s0160, xinwudaishi:016:s0044

Roles

Administrator
Aristocrat
Royal Family Member

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾化二年六月 · Western Year: AD 912 · Cause: killed on Yougui order
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0131, jiuwudaishi:007:s0135
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾化二年六月 · Western Year: AD 912 · Manner: executed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0005
Manner: killed · Killer Person Id: Zhu Yougui (朱友圭) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 友珪弑逆 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0093

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 乾化三年 · Western Year: AD 913
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0089
Source Date: Text: 乾化二年 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:007:s0066
Source Date: Text: 乾化二年六月 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0005
Source Date: Text: 乾化元年二月 · Western Year: AD 911
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:006:s0063
Source Date: Text: 友珪弑逆 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:012:s0093
Source Date: Text: 受禪後 · Western Year: AD 907
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0091
Source Date: Text: 开平元年 · Western Year: AD 907
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:002:s0160, xinwudaishi:002:s0182
Source Date: Text: 梁博王友文 · Western Interval: Start: AD 907 · End: AD 912
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:016:s0044
Source Date: Text: 開平四年十月 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:006:s0001

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Zhu Quanzhong (朱全忠)
Kinship Term: adopted son / 假子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 2
Kinship Term: adopted son / 養子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: uncertain · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Child of the Emperor (帝)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: Special Court Attendance / 特進 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾化二年四月 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0073
Label: Eastern Capital regent / 東京留守 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0092
Label: Eastern Capital Custodian / 東都留守 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0073
Label: Eastern Capital regent / 東京留守 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0063
Label: Jianchang Palace Commissioner / 建昌宮使 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0073, jiuwudaishi:007:s0113
Label: Kaifeng Intendant / 開封尹 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0073
Title: Prince of Bo / 博王 · Action: enfeoffed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 开平元年 · Western Year: AD 907
Explicit · xinwudaishi:002:s0160
Title: Prince of Bo / 博王 · Action: enfeoffed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0091
Title: Prince of Bo of Liang / 梁博王 · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:016:s0044
Title: Prince of Bo / 博王 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0001, jiuwudaishi:007:s0066, xinwudaishi:003:s0005
Status: posthumous-rehabilitation · Action: restored-offices-and-titles · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾化三年 · Western Year: AD 913
Explicit · xinwudaishi:003:s0089

Places and affiliations

Label: Later Liang / 梁 · Relation: served
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0001
Polity: Later Liang / 梁 · Relation: enfeoffed-in
Explicit · xinwudaishi:002:s0160
Place: Eastern Capital / 東京 · Relation: stationed-at
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0001, jiuwudaishi:006:s0063

Events and relationships

Kind: court · Role: visitor · Action: entered-court-on-summons
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0001
Kind: administrative · Role: regent-guardian · Action: left-to-guard-eastern-capital · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 开平二年秋九月 · Western Year: AD 908
Explicit · xinwudaishi:002:s0182, xinwudaishi:002:s0181
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: marched-to-suppress-Cai-revolt-without-orders
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:006:s0063
Kind: political · Role: petitioner · Action: urged-return-east · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾化二年四月 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:007:s0066
Relation: associated-with · Person Id: Zhu Quanzhong (朱全忠) · Label: source of Liang Taizu's calamity / 梁太祖之禍自友文始
Explicit · xinwudaishi:016:s0045

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: drank heavily and neglected government · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0092
Assessment: root of Liang Taizu's calamity; left undistinguished to warn posterity · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:016:s0044, xinwudaishi:016:s0045

Source notes

From: Kang Qin / 康勤 · To: You Wen / 友文
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:012:s0091

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 6Volume 6 Book of Later Liang 6: Taizu Annals 6 · 2 passages

Open chapter

開平四年十月乙亥，東京博王友文入覲，召之也。 On yihai in the tenth month of Kaiping 4, Prince of Bo Youwen at the Eastern Capital entered court; he had been summoned.

時東京留守博王友文不先請，遂討其亂。 Eastern Capital regent Prince of Bo Youwen marched to crush the revolt without waiting for orders.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 7Volume 7 Book of Later Liang 7: Taizu Annals 7 · 7 passages

Open chapter

《通鑒》：乙卯，博王友文來朝，請帝還東都。《Comprehensive Mirror》: On yimao the Prince of Bo, Youwen, attended court and urged the Emperor to return east.

己巳，至東都，博王友文以新創食殿上言，並進準備內宴錢三千貫、銀器一千五百兩。 On jisi he arrived at the Eastern Capital; Prince of Bo Youwen reported on the new Dining Hall and presented three thousand strings of cash and fifteen hundred taels of silver for an inner banquet.

制加建昌宮使、金紫光祿大夫、檢校司徒、開封尹、博王友文為特進、檢校太保，兼開封尹，依前建昌宮使，充東都留守。 By order Youwen, Prince of Bo, Jianchang palace commissioner, golden-seal grand master of splendid happiness, honorary grand mentor, and Kaifeng intendant, was raised to special court attendance and honorary grand guardian, kept Kaifeng intendant, and remained Jianchang commissioner and Eastern Capital custodian.

次假子友文，帝特愛之，常留守東都，兼建昌宮使。 Next came the adopted son Youwen, the Emperor's favorite, who often stayed at the Eastern Capital as Jianchang palace commissioner.

遣供奉官丁昭溥馳詣東都，命均王友貞殺友文。 He sent palace attendant Ding Zhaopu in haste to the Eastern Capital to order Prince of Jun Youzhen to kill Youwen.

己卯，矯詔稱：「博王友文謀逆，遣兵突入殿中，賴郢王友珮忠孝，將兵誅之，保全朕躬。 On jimao a forged edict read: "Prince of Bo Youwen plotted revolt and burst into the hall with troops; Prince of Ying Yougui, loyal and filial, led forces to execute them and saved Us.

辛巳，丁昭溥還，聞友文已死，乃發喪，宣遺制，友珪即皇帝位。 On xinsi Ding Zhaopu returned; learning Youwen was dead, they announced mourning, proclaimed the testament, and Yougui seized the throne.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 12Volume 12 Book of Later Liang 12: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 2 passages

Open chapter

博王友文，本姓康，名勤，太祖養以為子，受禪後封為王。 You Wen, Prince of Bo, born Kang Qin, was adopted by the Founder and enfeoffed after the founding of the dynasty.

友珪弑逆，並殺友文。 When Zhu Yougui murdered the Founder he killed You Wen as well.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 2Volume 2 Later Liang Annals 2: Taizu 2 · 2 passages

Open chapter

乙酉，兄全昱為廣王，子友文博王，友文非子而書子，語在家人傳。 On the day yiyou, his brother Quanyu was made Prince of Guang and his son Youwen Prince of Bo; Youwen was not actually his son, but he is written here as "son," as explained in the Biographies of the Imperial Household.

博王友文留守東都。 Prince Youwen of Bo stayed behind to guard the eastern capital.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 3Volume 3 Later Liang Annals 3: Later Emperors · 2 passages

Open chapter

乾化二年六月，太祖遇弑，友珪自立，杀博王友文，以弑帝之罪归之。 In the sixth month of Qianhua 2 (912) Taizu was murdered. Yougui seized the throne, executed Prince of Bo Zhu Youwen, and blamed him for the assassination.

復稱乾化三年，復博王友文官爵。 He restored the reign title Qianhua 3 and restored the offices and titles of Youwen, Prince of Bo.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 16Volume 16: Family of the Tang Deposed Emperor · 2 passages

Open chapter

梁博王友文之不別，何哉？ Why, then, does the Later Liang record leave Bo Prince You Wen outside the neat partition of "families" that I have just defended?

著禍本也，梁太祖之禍，自友文始，存之所以戒也。 Because the historian means to expose the taproot: the founder of Later Liang brought ruin on himself starting with You Wen, and the deliberate ambiguity in the record is itself the lesson for posterity.