Xiao Han (蕭翰) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Xiao Han as an aristocrat, general, military officer, and official. This record brings together 40 passages from 11 chapters across 3 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Xiao Han	蕭翰	Xiao Han
Alternate	Dilie	敵烈	Dilie
Given	Han	翰	Han
Alternate name	Han	翰
Given name	Han	翰
Given name	Han	翰	Hàn
Given	Han	翰	Hàn
Courtesy	Hanzhen	寒真	Hanzhen
Surname	Xiao	蕭
Surname	Xiao	蕭	Xiāo
Surname	Xiao	蕭	Xiao
Personal name	Xiao Han	蕭翰	Xiao Han
Personal	Xiao Han	蕭翰	Xiāo Hàn
Personal name	Xiao Han	蕭翰	Xiāo Hàn
Personal name	Xiao Han	蕭翰
Alternate	Xiaohan	小漢	Xiǎohàn
Given		翰	Han
Surname		蕭	Xiāo

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:051:s0171, liaoshi:005:s0043, liaoshi:116:s0013, xinwudaishi:053:s0109
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:061:s0061, liaoshi:067:s0008, liaoshi:076:s0149, liaoshi:077:s0010, liaoshi:113:s0005
Value: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:073:s0028

Roles

Aristocrat
General
Military Officer
Official
Rebel
Warlord

Life and dates

Death

Manner: execution · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿三年春正月 · Western Year: AD 949
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0021
Manner: execution · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 947 · End: AD 951
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0028
Manner: executed after his wife accused him of rebellion
Explicit · xinwudaishi:073:s0089

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 天祿二年 · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit · liaoshi:061:s0061
Western Interval: Start: AD 947 · End: AD 953 · Source Date: Text: Chronology stated or entailed by s0028, s0089
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:073:s0028, xinwudaishi:073:s0089
Source Date: Text: 入汴 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:076:s0149
Source Date: Text: 大同元年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0008
Source Date: Text: 天祿三年春正月 · Western Year: AD 949
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0021
Source Date: Text: 天祿二年 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit · liaoshi:077:s0072
Source Date: Text: 天祿二年 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0023, liaoshi:113:s0024
Source Date: Text: 天祿二年春正月 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0043
Source Date: Text: 天福十二年；守汴州；遁歸 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0032, xinwudaishi:010:s0043
Source Date: Text: 天贊初 · Western Year: AD 922
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0006, liaoshi:113:s0007
Source Date: Text: 契丹主死 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:051:s0171
Source Date: Text: 晉亡，蕭翰據京師 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:053:s0109
Source Date: Text: 會同八年 · Western Year: AD 945
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0009, liaoshi:113:s0010
Source Date: Text: 會同初 · Western Year: AD 938
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0008
Source Date: Text: 遼初 · Western Interval: Start: AD 916 · End: AD 947
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:116:s0013

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Kin of Empress Chunqin (淳欽皇后)
Kinship Term: brother's son / nephew / 兄子 · Subject Role: nephew · Object Role: paternal-aunt · Line: paternal · Intermediary Person Ids: Elder brother of Empress Shulü (述律皇后之兄)
Child of Elder brother of Empress Shulü (述律皇后之兄)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Spouse of Princess Abuli (公主阿不裏)
Kinship Term: married / 尚 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: formed
Child of Mother of Xiao Han (蕭翰之母)
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother
Child of Diru (敵魯)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Spouse of Wife of Xiao Han (翰妻)
Kinship Term: wife / 妻
Sibling of Younger sister of Xiao Han (蕭翰之妹)
Kinship Term: younger sister / 妹 · Subject Relative Age: elder · Subject Role: brother · Object Role: younger-sister

Origins and identity

Ethnicity: Khitan / 契丹
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:067:s0005, liaoshi:067:s0008
Lineage: Xiao / 蕭
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0008

Career and standing

Label: Military Governor of Bianzhou / 汴州節度使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同元年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0008
Label: commander of the Han-army guard / 領漢軍侍衛 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 會同初 · Western Year: AD 938
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0008
Label: military commissioner of the Xuanwu Army / 宣武軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0014
Label: Military Commissioner of the Xuanwu Army / 宣武軍節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:116:s0013
Office: governor or commander at Fuzhou
Explicit · xinwudaishi:073:s0128
Status: corporal-punishment · Action: beaten
Explicit · liaoshi:061:s0061
Status: imprisonment · Action: imprisoned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿二年 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0024
Label: flogged / 杖 · Action: punished
Explicit · liaoshi:077:s0081
Status: pardon · Action: released · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 947 · End: AD 951
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0027
Action: seized and chained Zhang Li · Target Person Id: Zhang Li (張礪)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:073:s0029, xinwudaishi:073:s0030
Status: execution · Action: suffered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿三年春正月 · Western Year: AD 949
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0021
Status: flogging · Action: suffered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿二年春正月 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0044

Places and affiliations

Polities: liao, Khitan
Explicit · xinwudaishi:073:s0028
Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Explicit · liaoshi:005:s0043, liaoshi:113:s0005, liaoshi:113:s0007, liaoshi:116:s0013
Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:067:s0008
Place: Bianzhou / 汴州 · Relation: posted-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同元年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0008

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 會同八年 · Western Year: AD 945
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0010

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: defeated · Other Person Id: Du Wei (杜威) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 會同八年 · Western Year: AD 945
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0009
Kind: political · Role: installer · Action: falsely-installed · Other Person Id: Li Congyi (李從益)
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:051:s0171, jiuwudaishi:051:s0172
Kind: political · Role: appointee · Action: granted-Chinese-style-name · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同元年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0008
Kind: political · Role: appointer · Action: installed Li Congyi to manage Southern Court · Other Person Id: Li Congyi (李從益)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0043
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: killed · Other Person Id: Li Sizhao (李嗣昭) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天贊初 · Western Year: AD 922
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0007
Kind: political · Role: conspirator · Action: plotted rebellion · Other Person Id: Tiande (天德) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿二年 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0024
Kind: political · Role: conspirator · Action: plotted with Liuge and Pendu · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 947 · End: AD 951
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0025
Kind: political · Role: conspirator · Action: plotted-rebellion-with-Abuli · Other Person Id: Princess Abuli (公主阿不裏) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿三年春正月 · Western Year: AD 949
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0021
Kind: political · Role: conspirator · Action: plotted-rebellion · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿二年春正月 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:005:s0043
Kind: military · Role: rebel · Action: plotted-rebellion
Explicit · liaoshi:061:s0061
Kind: rebellion · Role: conspirator · Action: plotted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿二年 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit · liaoshi:077:s0072
Kind: political · Role: actor · Action: rebelled against empress dowager · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祿元年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0017, liaoshi:113:s0018
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: rescued Zhen Prefecture · Other Person Id: Kang Moda (康末怛) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天贊初 · Western Year: AD 922
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0006, liaoshi:113:s0007
Event: returned north after Deguang’s death · Kind: historical-event · Action: returned north after Deguang’s death
Explicit · xinwudaishi:073:s0028
Relation: co-conspirator-with · Person Id: Princess Abuli (公主阿不裏)
Explicit · liaoshi:005:s0021

Source notes

From: Xiaohan / 小漢 · To: Xiao Han / 蕭翰 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同元年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · liaoshi:067:s0008
From: Xiao Han / 蕭翰 · To: Dilie / 敵烈 · Note: also called
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0005

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 51Volume 51 Book of Later Tang 27: Biographies 3: Imperial Family · 3 passages

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會契丹主死，其汴州節度使蕭翰謀歸北地，慮中原無主，軍民大亂，則己亦不得按轡徐歸矣； When the Khitan ruler died, his Bianzhou military commissioner Xiao Han planned to return north. He feared that with no ruler in the Central Plains and army and people in chaos, he himself could not withdraw at leisure;

蕭翰率蕃首列拜於殿上，群官趨於殿下，乃偽署王鬆為左丞相，趙上交為右丞相。 Xiao Han led the Khitan chiefs in ranks bowing in the hall while the officials hurried to below the steps. He falsely appointed Wang Song Left Chancellor and Zhao Shangjiao Right Chancellor.

翰北歸，從益餞於北郊。 When Xiao Han marched north, Congyi gave him a farewell feast at the Northern Suburb.

History of Liao, Chapter 5Volume 5 Annals 5: Shizong · 3 passages

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二年春正月，天德、蕭翰、劉哥、盆都等謀反。 In the spring of the second year, first month, Tiande, Xiao Han, Liu Ge, Pendu, and others plotted rebellion.

誅天德，杖蕭翰，遷劉哥於邊，罰盆都使轄戛斯國。 Tiande was executed, Xiao Han was flogged, Liu Ge was transferred to the frontier, and Pendu was punished by being sent as envoy to the Kirghiz.

三年春正月，蕭翰及公主阿不裏謀反，翰伏誅，阿不裏瘐死獄中。 In the spring of the third year, first month, Xiao Han and Princess Abuli plotted rebellion; Han was executed, and Abuli wasted away and died in prison.

History of Liao, Chapter 61Volume 61 Treatises 31: Punishment and Law 1 · 1 passage

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世宗天祿二年，天德、蕭翰、劉哥及其弟盆都等謀反，天德伏誅，杖翰，流劉哥，遣盆都使轄戛斯國。 In Shizong's second year of Tianlu, Tiande, Xiao Han, Liuge, and Liuge's brother Pendu plotted rebellion. Tiande was executed, Han beaten, Liuge exiled, and Pendu dispatched as envoy to the Kirghiz.

History of Liao, Chapter 67Volume 67 Tables 5: Families of Imperial Consorts · 1 passage

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大同元年，太宗自汴將還，留外戚小漢為汴州節度使，賜姓名曰蕭翰，以從中國之俗，由是拔裏、乙室已、述律三族皆為蕭姓。 In the first year of Datong (947), as Emperor Taizong prepared to withdraw from Kaifeng, he left the consort kinsman Xiaohan as military governor of Bianzhou and bestowed on him the Chinese-style name Xiao Han; thereafter the Bali, Yishi, and Shulü lineages all adopted the surname Xiao in keeping with Chinese custom.

History of Liao, Chapter 76Volume 76 Biographies 6: Yelu Jieli, Yelu Balide, Yelu Shuogu, Yelu Lubugu, Zhao Yanshou, Gao Mohan, Zhao Siwen, Yelu Oulisi, Zhang Li · 4 passages

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入汴，諸將蕭翰、耶律郎五、麻答輩肆殺掠，礪奏曰：「今大遼始得中國，宜以中國人治之，不可專用國人及左右近習。 After entering Bian, generals such as Xiao Han, Yelu Langwu, and Mada killed and plundered at will; Li memorialized, "Great Liao has only just won China; it should be governed by Chinese, not entrusted solely to Khitan and personal favorites.

時礪在恒州，蕭翰與麻答以兵圍其第。 Li was then at Hengzhou; Xiao Han and Mada surrounded his house with soldiers.

翰數之曰：「汝何故於先帝言國人不可為節度使？ Han rebuked him: "Why did you tell the late emperor that Khitan must not be made military governors?

麻答以礪大臣，不可專殺，乃救止之。 Mada argued that Li was a senior minister and could not be killed on private authority, and held Han back.

History of Liao, Chapter 77Volume 77 Biographies 7: Yelu Wuzhi, Yelu Hou, Yelu Antuan, Yelu Wa, Yelu Tuiyu, Yelu Talie · 2 passages

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天祿二年，耶律天德、蕭翰謀反下獄，惕隱劉哥及其弟盆都結天德等為亂。 In the second year of Tianlu, Yelu Tiande and Xiao Han were imprisoned for plotting rebellion; the tiyin Liuge and his younger brother Pendu joined Tiande and others in a conspiracy.

誅天德，杖翰，遷劉哥，以盆都使轄戛斯國。 Tiande was executed, Han was flogged, Liuge was transferred, and Pendu was sent as envoy to the Kirghiz.

History of Liao, Chapter 113Volume 113 Biographies 43: Rebellious Officials 2 · 13 passages

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蕭翰耶律牒蠟耶律朗耶律劉哥 Xiao Han, Yelü Diepa, Yelü Lang, and Yelü Liuge