Chonghou (崇厚) | 24 Histories

Overview

Chonghou was a Diplomat and Official.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1879 俄人議歸伊犁
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 437, passages 102-103
AD 1879 光緒五年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 195, passages 76, 80
AD 1879 光緒初伊犁交涉
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 436, passage 24
AD 1878 光緒四年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 195, passages 65, 69
AD 1880 六年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 7
AD 1863 同治二年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 423, passage 102

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AD 1862 同治元年二月
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 193, passages 33, 40
AD 1865 同治四年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 139, passages 161, 163
AD 1861 咸豐十一年十二月
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 191, passages 140, 147
AD 1879 崇厚與俄定約
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 445, passage 124
AD 1878 to AD 1879 文祥既歿後遣赴俄國
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 386, passages 216-217
AD 1879 to AD 1881 自是
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 444, passages 31-33

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Ethnicity Manchu 滿
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 191, passage 147
Manchu 滿
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 195, passage 69

Career and standing

Manchu Left Censor-in-Chief of the Censorate 都察院滿左都御史
AD 1878 光緒四年戊寅 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 195, passage 69
Left Deputy Censor-in-Chief 左副都御史
AD 1861 咸豐十一年十二月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 191, passages 140, 147
Manchu Left Vice Censor-in-Chief of the Censorate 都察院滿左副都御史
AD 1862 同治元年壬戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 193, passages 33, 40
Vice Minister 侍郎
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 216
Manchu Left Vice Censor-in-Chief of the Censorate 都察院滿左副都御史
AD 1862 同治元年二月 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 193, passages 33, 40
Exited
AD 1879 光緒五年己卯 · Vacated post
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 195, passage 80

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condemnation and removal from the Russia mission 譴罪易使
Punished · Condemned and replaced
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 217
proposed pardon 將赦崇厚罪
AD 1880 六年 · Proposed pardon
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 7
Sentenced
Punishment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 436, passage 64
dismissed and punished 褫職治罪
Suffered
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 437, passage 104

Places and affiliations

Qing 清
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 139, passage 163
Qing 清
Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 195, passage 69
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 191, passage 147
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 216; Draft History of Qing 444, passage 32; Draft History of Qing 465, passage 3

Events and relationships

Arbitrarily concluded Russian treaty
Diplomatic · Negotiator
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 465, passage 3
Concluded treaty with Russia
Diplomatic · Negotiator
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 445, passage 124
Impeached by Huang Tifang for harming the state
Diplomatic · Accused · With Huang Tifang (黃體芳)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 32
Led foreign rifle corps south of capital
Military · Commander · At capital south 畿南
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 139, passage 163
Sent to Russia; coerced into unauthorized assent to terms
Diplomatic · Envoy · At Russia 俄國
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 216
Transferred
AD 1862 同治元年二月 · Political · Office holder
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 193, passages 33, 40

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Unauthorized Ili treaty
Diplomatic · Envoy
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 436, passages 24, 63
Relation Predecessor of · Person Zeng Jize (曾紀澤)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 217

Assessments and attributes

Assessment harmed the state as Russian envoy · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Huang Tifang (黃體芳)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 32

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 195, passage 69
Value historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 444, passage 32

References in the histories

Search passages

History

18 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 139Volume 139 Treatises 114: Military 10, Training · 1 passage

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是年，令崇厚率洋槍隊千五百人赴畿南，飭天津鎮、蘆台鎮選擇標兵，增練新式洋槍。 That year Chonghou led fifteen hundred foreign-rifle men south of the capital while Tianjin and Lutai picked standard troops to train on new foreign muskets.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 191Volume 191 Tables 31: Ministers of Boards and Courts Chronological Table 7 Lower · 1 passage

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聯康十一月遷。崇厚十二月左副都御史。 In the eleventh month, 聯康 was transferred. In the twelfth month, 崇厚: Left Deputy Censor-in-Chief.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 193Volume 193 Tables 33: Ministers of Boards and Courts Chronological Table 8 Lower · 1 passage

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崇厚二月遷。阿克敦布三月代。十二月戊子景霖左副都御史。 In the second month, 崇厚 was transferred. In the third month, 阿克敦布 served as replacement. On the wuzi day of the twelfth month, 景霖: Left Deputy Censor-in-Chief.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 195Volume 195 Tables 35: Ministers of Boards and Courts Chronological Table 9 Lower · 2 passages

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全慶三月癸亥遷。恩承左都御史。五月辛亥遷。榮祿左都御史。癸亥遷。文煜左都御史。十二月癸卯遷。崇厚左都御史。志和署。 On the guihai day of the third month, 全慶 was transferred. 恩承: Left Censor-in-Chief. On the xinhai day of the fifth month, was transferred. 榮祿: Left Censor-in-Chief. On the guihai day, was transferred. 文煜: Left Censor-in-Chief. On the guimao day of the twelfth month, was transferred. 崇厚: Left Censor-in-Chief. 志和 served in an acting capacity.

崇厚十一月癸巳開缺。辛卯志和左都御史。 On the guisi day of the eleventh month, 崇厚 vacated the post. On the xinmao day, 志和: Left Censor-in-Chief.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 386Volume 386 Biographies 173: Wen Qing, Wen Xiang, Bao Yun · 2 passages

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文祥既歿，後乃遣侍郎崇厚赴俄國，為所迫脅，擅允條款，朝論譁然。 After Wen Xiang's death, Vice Minister Chonghou was sent to Russia, was coerced into terms, and assented on his own authority—throwing the court into uproar.

譴罪崇厚，易以曾紀澤往，久之乃定議，倖免大釁。 Chonghou was punished and replaced by Zeng Jize; only after long negotiation was a settlement reached, narrowly averting a major rupture.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 423Volume 423 Biographies 210: Zong Jichen, Yin Gengyun, Wang Zheng, Mu Jixianga, You Baichuan, Shen Huai · 1 passage

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崇厚等一再養癰，裹脅逾萬。 yet Chonghou and others had repeatedly indulged him until his coerced following swelled past ten thousand.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 436Volume 436 Biographies 223: Shen Guifen, Li Hongzao, Weng Tonghe, Sun Yuwen · 3 passages

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及與俄人議還伊犁，崇厚擅訂約，朝議紛然； When negotiations with Russia over the return of Ili began, Chonghou had signed a treaty on his own authority, throwing the court into uproar;

時崇厚與俄擅定伊犁約，鴻藻堅持不可，爭於廷。 When Chonghou signed the Ili treaty with Russia on his own authority, Hongzao firmly opposed it and argued the matter at court.

卒治崇厚罪，議改約。 Chonghou was eventually punished and a revised treaty negotiated.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 437Volume 437 Biographies 224: Rong Lu, Wang Wenshao, Zhang Zhidong, Qu Hongji · 3 passages

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俄人議歸伊犁，與使俄大臣崇厚訂新約十八條。 When Russia proposed returning Yili, Minister to Russia Chonghou negotiated a new treaty of eighteen articles.

之洞論奏其失，請斬崇厚，毀俄約。 Zhidong memorialized on its defects, demanding Chonghou's execution and the abrogation of the Russian treaty.

疏上，乃褫崇厚職治罪，以侍郎曾紀澤為使俄大臣，議改約。 Once the memorial reached the throne, Chonghou was dismissed and punished, and Vice Minister Zeng Jize was sent to Russia to renegotiate the treaty.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 444Volume 444 Biographies 231: Huang Tifang, Zong Shibaoting, Zong Shishengyu, Zhang Peilun, Deng Chengxiu, Xu Zhixiang · 1 passage

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自是劾尚書賀壽慈飾奏，俄使崇厚誤國，洪鈞譯地圖舛謬，美使崔國英赴賽會失體，皆人所難言，直聲震中外。 Thereafter he denounced Minister He Shouci for falsifying reports, the Russian envoy Chonghou for betraying the nation, Hong Jun for errors in map translation, and the American minister Cui Guoying for misconduct at an exhibition—charges others dared not voice—and his reputation for blunt integrity resounded at home and abroad.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 445Volume 445 Biographies 232: Wu Kedu, Zhu Yixin, Tu Keshou, An Weijun, Wen Ti, Jiang Chunlin · 1 passage

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未出都，會崇厚與俄定約，敕下廷臣議。 Before leaving the capital, Chonghou concluded a treaty with Russia and an order was issued for court ministers to discuss it.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 465Volume 465 Biographies 252: Xu Tong With: Yu Shi, Yu Shi Son: Cheng Yu, Gang Yi, Zhao Shuqiao, Qi Xiu, Ying Nian, Yu Lu With: Ting Yong, Yu Xian With: Li Tingxiao · 2 passages

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時擅訂約，下群臣議，乃條摘其不可行者：曰、各城定界； When Chonghou took it upon himself to negotiate the Russian treaty, the matter was laid before the full court. Xu Tong listed the terms that could not be accepted: delimiting the cities of Ili and Tarbagatai;

六年，廷議徇俄人請，將赦崇厚罪，桐力持不可，謂：「揆度機要在樞廷，折衝俎豆在總署，講信修睦在使臣。 In 1880, when the court debated yielding to Russian pressure and pardoning Chonghou, Xu Tong stood firm against it, arguing: "Strategic judgment rests with the Grand Council; negotiation at the council table rests with the Zongli Yamen; building trust and good relations rests with the envoys.