Luo Bingzhang (駱秉章)

Overview

Luo Bingzhang was a Qing official and general.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 1862 同治元年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 458, passage 84
AD 1860 咸豐十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 125
AD 1852 咸豐二年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 59
AD 1858 咸豐八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 458, passage 77
AD 1864 to AD 1865 中原大定
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 185
AD 1855 五年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 386, passage 40

Show 15 more source-backed claims

AD 1856 六年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 405, passages 87, 95
AD 1853 to AD 1860 前撫臣
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 128
AD 1866 同治五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 430, passage 170
AD 1857 咸豐七年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 393, passage 148; Draft History of Qing 429, passage 8
AD 1853 咸豐三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 396, passage 77; Draft History of Qing 433, passage 40
AD 1859 咸豐九年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 57; Draft History of Qing 433, passage 45
AD 1852 咸豐二年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 394, passage 59
AD 1855 咸豐五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 432, passage 7
AD 1855 to AD 1859 咸豐五年至九年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 19
AD 1861 咸豐十一年
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 430, passages 112, 251
AD 1861 to AD 1862 咸豐十一年至同治元年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 396, passages 81, 87, 93
AD 1860 咸豐十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 433, passage 51
AD 1860 咸豐十年春
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 432, passages 54, 56
AD 1862 to AD 1867 教禍棘（家楣任總署章京時）
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 442, passage 144
AD 1851 晚在籍為駱秉章所倚任
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 384, passages 95, 100

Key source chapters

Career and standing

commander of the Sichuan expedition 赴四川督師
AD 1860 咸豐十年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 433, passage 51
provincial governor 巡撫
AD 1852 咸豐二年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 59
governor 巡撫
AD 1857 咸豐七年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 8
governor 巡撫
AD 1853 咸豐三年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 433, passage 40
Governor 巡撫
AD 1853 咸豐三年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 396, passage 77
governor 巡撫
AD 1859 咸豐九年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 57

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Governor of Hunan 湘撫
AD 1855 咸豐五年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 432, passage 7
governor-general of Sichuan 四川總督
AD 1855 to AD 1859 咸豐五年至九年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 19
Governor-General of Sichuan 四川總督
AD 1862 to AD 1867 教禍棘（家楣任總署章京時） · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 442, passage 144
governor of Hunan 湖南巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 128
Governor of Hunan 湖南巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 405, passage 95
Governor-General 總督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 430, passage 170
Impeached and dismissed
AD 1858 咸豐八年 · With Tang Jiong (唐炯)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 458, passage 77

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 458, passage 77
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 405, passage 95; Draft History of Qing 420, passages 19, 59, 125, 185; Draft History of Qing 424, passage 128; Draft History of Qing 429, passages 8, 57; Draft History of Qing 430, passages 112, 170, 251; Draft History of Qing 432, passages 7, 56; Draft History of Qing 433, passage 40; Draft History of Qing 442, passage 144
AD 1855 to AD 1859 咸豐五年至九年
At Sichuan 四川 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 19
At Hunan 湖南 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 128
At Sichuan 四川 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 442, passage 144

Works and attributed material

submitted successive memorials recommending Chao 交章論薦
Memorial · Author · With Han Chao (韓超)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 19
commended Fudong's service
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 430, passage 170

Events and relationships

Consulted by Pan Duo and Zhang Liangji in Sichuan
Diplomatic · Consultant
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 396, passage 87
Employed Xiao Qijiang's former division to finish pacifying rebels in Sichuan
AD 1860 咸豐十年春 · Military · Commander · With Xiao Qijiang (蕭啟江) · At Sichuan 四川
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 432, passages 54, 56
Improved governance and suppressed bandits
Administrative · Governor · At Hunan 湖南 · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Mao Hongbin (毛鴻賓)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 128
Missionary cases to be decided by him
Legal · Proposed adjudicator · With Zhou Jiamei (周家楣)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 442, passage 145
Ordered to Sichuan; took Chunxi and Liu Yuezhao after Liu Rong's recommendation
AD 1860 咸豐十年 · Military · Expedition commander
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 433, passage 51
Ordered Xiao Qijiang to raise troops against Guangdong rebels
AD 1855 咸豐五年 · Military · Governor · With Xiao Qijiang (蕭啟江) · At Hunan 湖南
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 432, passage 7

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Ordered Jiang Zhongyi to aid Liu Changyou
AD 1857 咸豐七年 · Administrative · Governor · With Jiang Zhongyi (江忠義)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 8
Ordered Kuanshi to raise troops for Qiyang
AD 1859 咸豐九年 · Administrative · Governor · With Zhou Kuanshi (週寬世)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 429, passage 57
Ordered northern campaign
AD 1864 to AD 1865 中原大定 · Military · Orderer · At northern Guizhou 黔北 · With Liu Yuezhao (劉岳昭)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 185
Recognized Chunxi's talent and pressed him back into service
AD 1853 咸豐三年 · Appointment · Recalling superior · With Huang Chunxi (黃淳熙)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 433, passage 40
Relation Superior of · Person Xiao Qijiang (蕭啟江)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 432, passage 7
Relation Ordered · Person Xi Baotian (席寶田)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 125
Relation Superior of · Person Tang Yougeng (唐友耕)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 430, passage 251
Relation Relied on · Person Huang Mian (黃冕)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 100
Relation Recommender of · Person Han Chao (韓超)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 19
Relation Ordered · Person Liu Yuezhao (劉岳昭)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 185
Relation Employer of troops of · Person Xiao Qijiang (蕭啟江)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 432, passage 56
Relation Appointor of · Person Tian Xingyu (田興恕)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passage 59
Relation Superior of · Person Huang Chunxi (黃淳熙)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 433, passages 40, 45
Relation Superior of · Person Hu Zhonghe (胡中和)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 430, passage 112

Assessments and attributes

Assessment long upright · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 442, passage 144
Assessment worked hard at governance and local custom; cut down bandits; made Hunan a pillar of the upper Yangzi · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Mao Hongbin (毛鴻賓)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 424, passage 128

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 420, passages 19, 59, 125, 185

References in the histories

Search passages

History

27 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 384Volume 384 Biographies 171: Lin Peihou, Li Xiangkun, Li Zongchuan, Wang Fengsheng, Huang Mian, Yu De Yuan, Yao Ying · 1 passage

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冕仕宦初為陶澍、林則徐所知，晚在籍為駱秉章所倚任。 Early in his career he won the notice of Tao Shu and Lin Zexu; in later years, while living at home, he was entrusted by Luo Bingzhang.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 386Volume 386 Biographies 173: Wen Qing, Wen Xiang, Bao Yun · 1 passage

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又薦袁甲三、駱秉章之才，請久任勿他調，以觀厥成。 He also commended Yuan Jiasan and Luo Bingzhang and asked that they be left in post without transfer so their work could bear fruit.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 393Volume 393 Biographies 180: Li Xingyuan, Zhou Tianjue, Lao Chongguang · 1 passage

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崇光乞師於湖南，七年，駱秉章令蔣益澧率湘軍赴援，屢破賊，復興安、靈川，入屯省城，乃誅反側，易守軍，桂林始安。 Chongguang requested troops from Hunan; in 1857 Luo Bingzhang ordered Jiang Yili to lead Hunan Army forces to his relief; they repeatedly defeated the rebels, recovered Xing'an and Lingchuan, entered and garrisoned the provincial capital, executed disloyal elements and replaced the garrison troops, and Guilin was finally secured.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 394Volume 394 Biographies 181: Xu Guangjin, Ye Mingchen, Huang Zonghan · 1 passage

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十月，至衡州，賊攻長沙甚急，駱秉章、張亮基力守，屢挫賊，乃下竄岳州。 In the tenth month he reached Hengzhou. The rebels were pressing Changsha hard; Luo Bingzhang and Zhang Liangji held the city and beat them back repeatedly, and the rebels finally broke south toward Yuezhou.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 396Volume 396 Biographies 183: Wu Wenrong, Pan Duo, Deng Erheng · 2 passages

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三年，巡撫駱秉章至，乃以病乞罷，許之。 In the third year (1853) Governor Luo Bingzhang arrived, and he then requested dismissal on grounds of illness; permission was granted.

鐸、亮基先後取道四川，與駱秉章籌商，冀資其兵力以規進取。 Duo and Liangji successively took the route through Sichuan and consulted with Luo Bingzhang, hoping to borrow his military strength to plan an advance.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 405Volume 405 Biographies 192: Ceng Guofan · 1 passage

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湖南巡撫駱秉章亦資國荃兵援吉安，兄弟皆會行間。 Hunan Governor Luo Bingzhang also supplied Zeng Guoquan's troops to relieve Ji'an, and the brothers all served together in the field.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 420Volume 420 Biographies 207: Han Chao, Tian Xingshu, Ceng Biguang, Xi Baotian · 4 passages

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四川總督駱秉章、湖北巡撫胡林翼交章論薦，侍郎王茂廕亦疏薦之，詔下巡撫問狀，以道員記名。 Sichuan Governor-General Luo Bingzhang and Hubei Governor Hu Linyi jointly recommended him in memorial after memorial, and Vice Minister Wang Maoyin also urged his promotion. The court ordered the provincial governor to report on his conduct and registered his name for a circuit intendant post.

巡撫駱秉章奇之，委充哨官。 Governor Luo Bingzhang was impressed and appointed him a platoon officer.

十年，駱秉章令募千人號精毅營，防湖南邊。 In the tenth year Luo Bingzhang had him recruit a thousand men into the Elite Resolution Battalion to guard the Hunan border.

中原大定，曾國籓乃議以湖南兵力、餉力為平黔根本，而駱秉章亦令劉岳昭剿黔北以保川邊。 Once the central plains were largely pacified, Zeng Guofan proposed that Hunan's troops and funds be the foundation for pacifying Guizhou, while Luo Bingzhang ordered Liu Yuezhao to clear northern Guizhou and secure the Sichuan border.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 424Volume 424 Biographies 211: Wu Zhenyu, Zhang Liangji, Mao Hongbin, Zhang Kaisong · 1 passage

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疏言：「湖南地居僻遠，向非富強，自前撫臣張亮基、駱秉章等於吏治民風實力講求，用能削平寇盜，屹為上游重鎮，用人之效，有明徵矣。 He memorialized: "Hunan lies in a remote corner and has never been wealthy or strong; yet former governors Zhang Liangji and Luo Bingzhang worked hard at governance and local custom, cut down bandits, and made the province a pillar of the upper Yangzi—the proof that good appointments matter is plain to see.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 429Volume 429 Biographies 216: Jiang Zhongyi, Zhou Kuanshi, Shi Qingji, Yu Jichang, Lin Wencha, Zhao Deguang, Zhang Wende · 2 passages

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七年，劉長佑援江西，攻臨江不利，時忠義在籍，巡撫駱秉章檄率新練勇千人往助之，至則破石達開於平墟。 In 1857, when Liu Changyou's relief of Jiangxi stalled at Linjiang, Zhongyi was at home; Governor Luo Bingzhang summoned him with a thousand fresh recruits, and he routed Shi Dakai at Pingxu.

九年，石達開犯湖南，巡撫駱秉章令寬世募新軍二千援祁陽。 In 1859, when Shi Dakai invaded Hunan, Governor Luo Bingzhang ordered Kuanshi to raise two thousand fresh troops for the relief of Qiyang.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 430Volume 430 Biographies 217: Lei Zhengwan, Tao Maolin, Cao Kezhong, Hu Zhonghe, He Shengbi, Xiao Qinggao, Yang Fudong, Zhou Dawu, Li Huiwu, Tang Yougeng · 5 passages

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駱秉章督師蒞蜀，檄中和偕緒軍援綿州。 When Luo Bingzhang came to Sichuan as commander-in-chief, he ordered Zhonghe to march with the relief forces to Mianzhou.

五年，總督駱秉章疏陳復東歷年防剿滇、黔諸賊功多，以總兵記名。 In the fifth year Governor-General Luo Bingzhang memorialized that through years of campaigning against rebels in Yunnan and Guizhou Fudong had rendered distinguished service, and he was placed on the rolls as brigade general.

九年，石達開圍寶慶，巡撫駱秉章令達武募五百人號曰章武軍，從知府劉岳昭援寶慶，守東關，屢拒戰破賊。 In the ninth year Shi Dakai besieged Baoding. Governor Luo Bingzhang ordered Dawu to raise five hundred men as the Zhangwu Army, follow Prefect Liu Yuezhao to the relief, hold the East Gate, and beat back the rebels again and again.

駱秉章督師四川，調達武從剿。 When Luo Bingzhang assumed command in Sichuan, Dawu was transferred to join the campaign of suppression.

駱秉章督師至蜀，檄友耕會諸軍援綿州，令自石橋鋪進攻，友耕觀望不前，被劾，褫職留營。 When Luo Bingzhang came to Sichuan as commander he ordered Yougeng to join the relief of Mianzhou and advance from Shiqiaopu. Yougeng hung back and would not move forward, was impeached, stripped of office, but kept with the army.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 432Volume 432 Biographies 219: Xiao Qijiang, Zhang Yunlan, Tang Xunfang, Jiang Ningxue, Chen Shi, Li Yuandu · 2 passages

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五年，廣東賊犯湖南，湘撫駱秉章檄啟江募兵協剿，曰果字營，自是獨將一軍。 In 1855, when Guangdong rebels entered Hunan, Governor Luo Bingzhang of Hunan directed Qijiang to raise troops for the campaign; his unit was named the Guozi Battalion, and from that point he commanded a separate army of his own.

其所部留四川，駱秉章用以平賊焉。 His division stayed in Sichuan, where Luo Bingzhang employed it to finish pacifying the rebels.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 433Volume 433 Biographies 220: Jin Guochen, Huang Chunxi, Wu Kunxiu, Kang Guoqi, Li Hezhang Younger Brother: Zhao Qing, Wu Yulan · 3 passages

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咸豐三年，巡撫駱秉章廉知其賢，使強起之。 In the third year of Xianfeng Governor Luo Bingzhang, recognizing his talent, pressed him back into service.

九年，石達開犯湖南，秉章檄淳熙募勇千六百人防省城，時出剿賊。 In the ninth year, when Shi Dakai invaded Hunan, Bingzhang ordered Chunxi to raise sixteen hundred militiamen to defend the provincial capital and sent him out repeatedly to fight the rebels.

駱秉章奉命赴四川督師，湘軍名將勁兵多從曾國籓、胡林翼，劉蓉薦淳熙兵精善戰，秉章遂以淳熙與劉岳昭從行。 When Luo Bingzhang was ordered to Sichuan to take command, most of the Hunan army's star generals and crack troops had gone with Zeng Guofan and Hu Linyi; Liu Rong recommended Chunxi's force as elite and battle-hardened, so Bingzhang took Chunxi and Liu Yuezhao with him.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 442Volume 442 Biographies 229: Xu Shuming, Xue Yunsheng, Zong Shiyanxu, Zi, Hui Zhang, Wang Mingluan, Zhang Lin, Zhou Jiamei, Zhou Derun, Hu Yufen, Zhang Yinhuan · 1 passage

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其時教禍棘，四川總督駱秉章夙持正，外人以將軍崇實易與，遇事輒就決之，數興大獄，至殺平民二百人，勿之問。 Missionary troubles were acute; Sichuan Governor-General Luo Bingzhang was upright, but foreigners found General Chongshi pliable and repeatedly sought his rulings, opening major cases and killing two hundred civilians without consequence.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 458Volume 458 Biographies 245: Xu Yanxu, Tang Jiong, He Jing, Zhang Zhaodong · 2 passages

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已而湘、黔軍閧州署，駱秉章劾罷之。 Soon afterward Hunan and Guizhou troops rioted at the prefectural yamen, and Luo Bingzhang impeached him and had him removed.

秉章詢寇勢，時寇退滇邊，聲入黔，炯曰：「此誘我軍東下耳。 Bingzhang asked about the rebels. They had withdrawn toward the Yunnan border while spreading word into Guizhou. Jiong said: 'This is a feint to draw our army east.