Xiao Hezhuo (蕭合卓)

Overview

Xiao Hezhuo was a Liao General and Envoy.

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Helu Yin	合魯隱	Hélǔ Yǐn

Life and dates

Death

AD 1025 太平5年
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passages 76, 81
Died in office
Directly stated · History of Liao 17, passage 19

Attested activity

AD 1000 統和18年
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 65
AD 1010 統和二十八年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 15, passages 2, 7
AD 1025 太平5年
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 76
AD 1025 太平五年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 17, passage 19
AD 983 統和初
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 64
AD 983 to AD 1031 聖宗時
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 61, passage 127

Show 7 more source-backed claims

AD 1012 to AD 1021 開泰
Directly stated · History of Liao 82, passage 47
AD 1014 開泰3年
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 67
AD 1017 開泰6年
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 73
AD 1012 to AD 1021 開泰中
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 80, passages 75, 78
AD 1020 開泰九年前後
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 88, passage 146
AD 1016 開泰五年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 15, passage 245
AD 1017 開泰六年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 15, passage 272

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Wugu (烏古)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passages 75, 82

Key source chapters

Career and standing

tribal clerk 本部吏
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 63
commissioner of the Northern Chancellery 北院樞密使
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 69
deputy commissioner of the Northern Chancellery 北院樞密副使
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 66
Left Yilibi 左夷離畢
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 開泰3年 · Western Year: AD 1014
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 67
vice minister of the Southern Chancellery 南院侍郎
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 統和初 · Reign Id: liao-tonghe · Western Year: AD 983
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 64
Commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs 樞密使
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 61, passage 127

Show 3 more source-backed claims

commissioner 樞密使
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 80, passage 78
Left Dragon-Tiger Guard senior general 左龍虎衛上將軍
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 15, passage 7
chief censor 中丞
Recommended · From Source Date: Text: 統和18年 · Reign Id: liao-tonghe · Regnal Year: 18 · Western Year: AD 1000
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 65

Places and affiliations

Polity Id liao · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Liao 15, passages 7, 245, 272; History of Liao 17, passage 19; History of Liao 80, passage 78; History of Liao 81, passage 64
At Tulübu tribe 突呂不部
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 62
Organization Tulübu tribe 突呂不部 · Relation Member of
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 62

Learning and skills

Skill court repartee and knowledge of precedent 明習典故，善占對 · Level renowned
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 68

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Shengzong of Liao (遼聖宗) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passages 76-77
Speech · Speaker · With Xiao Pu (蕭樸) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 79

Events and relationships

Began hearing lawsuits personally
Legal · Judge
Directly stated · History of Liao 61, passage 127
Campaigned against Goryeo
AD 1017 開泰6年 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 73
Failed siege
AD 1017 開泰六年 · Military · Commander · At Xinghua Army 興化軍
Directly stated · History of Liao 15, passage 287
Presented keepsakes
AD 1010 統和二十八年 · Diplomatic · Envoy · Other Polity: Song
Directly stated · History of Liao 15, passage 7
Sent to Song with empress dowager parting gifts
AD 1000 統和18年 · Diplomatic · Envoy · With empress dowager (太后)
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 65
Relation Recommended by · Person Han Derang (韓德讓)
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 65

Assessments and attributes

Assessment lacked integrity and should not be entrusted with great responsibility · Mode hearsay
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 70
Assessment mocked for shortcomings by Wang Jizhong at a banquet · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Wang Jizhong (王繼忠)
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 71
Assessment on deathbed instructed Xiao Pu never to recommend anyone better than himself—crime against the state · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passage 87
Assessment prized administrative talent; customs declined after their practice · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Liao 61, passages 127-128
Assessment recognized as incorrupt; food, clothing, servants and horses no more lavish than before · Mode named-source-report Source Person Id Emperor Shengzong of Liao (遼聖宗)
Directly stated · History of Liao 81, passages 74-75

References in the histories

Search passages

History

22 passages

History of Liao, Chapter 15Volume 15 Annals 15: Shengzong 6 · 5 passages

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是月，遣左龍虎衛上將軍蕭合卓饋大行皇太后遺物於宋，仍遣臨海軍節度使蕭虛列、左領軍衛上將軍張崇濟謝宋吊祭。 That month Left Dragon-Tiger Guard senior general Xiao Hezhuo was sent with the late Empress Dowager's belongings to Song, while Linhai Army military commissioner Xiao Xulie and Left Leading Army Guard senior general Zhang Chongji were dispatched to thank Song for its mourning envoys.

戊寅，以左夷離畢蕭合卓為北院樞密使，曷魯寧為副使。 On wuyin day left yilibi Xiao Hezhuo was appointed Northern Court commissioner of military affairs, with Heluning as deputy.

五月戊戌朔，命樞密使蕭合卓為都統，漢人行宮都部署王繼忠為副，殿前都點檢蕭屈烈為都監，以伐高麗。 On the wuxu new moon of the fifth month Xiao Hezhuo was appointed commander-in-chief, Wang Jizhong deputy commander, and Xiao Qulie supervisory commander for a campaign against Goryeo.

翌日，賜合卓劍，俾得專殺。 The next day Hezhuo was given a sword conferring authority to execute at his discretion.

乙卯，蕭合卓等攻高麗興化軍不克，還師。 On yimao day Xiao Hezhuo and others failed to take Goryeo's Xinghua Army and withdrew.

History of Liao, Chapter 17Volume 17 Annals 17: Shengzong 8 · 1 passage

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乙丑，北院樞密使蕭合卓薨。 On yichou day Northern Privy Commissioner Xiao Hezhuo died.

History of Liao, Chapter 61Volume 61 Treatises 31: Punishment and Law 1 · 1 passage

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及蕭合卓、蕭樸相繼為樞密使，專尚吏才，始自聽訟。 When Xiao Hezhuo and Xiao Pu successively served as commissioners, prizing administrative talent, they began hearing lawsuits themselves.

History of Liao, Chapter 80Volume 80 Biographies 10: Zhang Jian, Xing Baopu, Ma Dechen, Xiao Pu, Yelu Eight Brothers · 1 passage

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時蕭合卓為樞密使，樸知部署院事，以酒廢事，出為興國軍節度使，俄召為南面林牙。 At the time Xiao Hezhuo was commissioner; Pu managed Deployment Court affairs; because drink caused him to neglect his duties, he was sent out as military commissioner of the Xingguo Army, but before long he was recalled as Southern Face linya.

History of Liao, Chapter 81Volume 81 Biographies 11: Yelu Shilu, Wang Jizhong, Xiao Xiaozhong, Chen Zhaogun, Xiao Hezhuo · 11 passages

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王繼忠蕭孝忠陳昭袞蕭合卓 Wang Jizhong, Xiao Xiaozhong, Chen Zhaogun, and Xiao Hezhuo

上嘗燕飲，議以蕭合卓為北院樞密使，繼忠曰：「合卓雖有刀筆才，暗於大體。 At a banquet the emperor once discussed appointing Xiao Hezhuo commissioner of the Northern Chancellery; Jizhong said, "Hezhuo may have a gift for paperwork, but he lacks grasp of the larger picture.

上不納，竟用合卓。 The emperor did not heed him and in the end appointed Hezhuo.

及遣合卓伐高麗，繼忠為行軍副部署，攻興化鎮，月餘不下。 When Hezhuo was dispatched against Goryeo, Jizhong served as deputy campaign commander; they attacked Xinghua garrison for more than a month without capturing it.

蕭合卓，字合魯隱，突呂不部人。 Xiao Hezhuo, whose style was Helu Yin, came from the Tulübu tribe.

十八年，北院樞密使韓德讓舉合卓為中丞，以太后遺物使宋。 In the eighteenth year the Northern Chancellery commissioner Han Derang recommended Hezhuo as chief censor and sent him to Song bearing the empress dowager's parting gifts.

合卓久居近職，明習典故，善占對。 Hezhuo had long held posts close to the throne, was well versed in precedent, and excelled at court repartee.

六年，遣合卓伐高麗，還，時求進者多附之； In the sixth year Hezhuo was sent against Goryeo; on his return, many office-seekers flocked to him;

太平五年，有疾，帝欲臨視，合卓辭曰：「臣無狀，猥蒙重任。 In the fifth year of Taiping he fell ill; the emperor wished to visit him in person. Hezhuo declined, saying, "Your subject is without merit, yet I have presumptuously received a weighty post.

會北府宰相蕭樸問疾，合卓執其手曰：「吾死，君必為樞密使，慎勿舉勝己者。」 When the Northern Prefecture chancellor Xiao Pu came to inquire after his illness, Hezhuo took his hand and said, "When I die, you are sure to become commissioner; be careful never to recommend anyone better than yourself."

合卓臨終，教蕭樸毋舉勝己者任樞密，其誤國之罪大矣！ Hezhuo on his deathbed instructed Xiao Pu never to recommend anyone better than himself for the commissionership—a crime against the state of the gravest kind!

History of Liao, Chapter 82Volume 82 Biographies 12: Yelu Longyun, Yelu Boguzhe, Xiao Yanga, Wu Bai, Xiao Changge, Yelu Hugu · 1 passage

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樞密副使蕭合卓用事，制心奏合卓寡識度，無行檢，上默然。 Deputy Privy Councilor Xiao Hezhuo dominated affairs. Zhixin memorialized that Hezhuo was shallow in judgment and lax in conduct. The emperor said nothing.

History of Liao, Chapter 87Volume 87 Biographies 17: · 1 passage

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自蕭合卓以吏才進，其後轉效，不知大體。 After Xiao Hezhuo rose through clerical skill alone, others imitated him and lost sight of the larger principles of governance.

History of Liao, Chapter 88Volume 88 Biographies 18: Xiao Dilie, Yelu Pennu, Xiao Paiya, Yelu Zizhong, Yelu Yaozhi, Yelu Honggu, Gao Zheng, Yelu Delu, Da Kangyi · 1 passage

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是時，樞密使蕭合卓、少師蕭把哥有寵，資忠不背俯附，詆之。 At that time Privy Councilor Xiao Hezhuo and Junior Tutor Xiao Bage were in favor. Zizhong would not bow and follow them and spoke against them.