Zhou Dewei (周德威) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Zhou Dewei as a general and military officer. This record brings together 25 passages from 12 chapters across 3 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Zhou Dewei	周德威	Zhou Dewei
Given	Dewei	德威	Dewei
Personal	Zhou Dewei	周德威
Personal name	Zhou Dewei	周德威	Zhou Dewei
Personal name	Zhou Dewei	周德威	Zhōu Déwēi
Personal name	Zhou Dewei	周德威
Personal	Zhou Dewei	周德威	Zhōu Déwēi

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:005:s0134, jiuwudaishi:054:s0080, jiuwudaishi:065:s0006, jiuwudaishi:069:s0012, jiuwudaishi:070:s0003, liaoshi:076:s0111
Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0026, xinwudaishi:023:s0011
Value: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:042:s0041
Value: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:008:s0008

Roles

General
Military Officer

Life and dates

Death

Manner: killed in battle · Responsible Side: Later Liang · Place: Huliupi / 胡柳陂 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: Zhenming 4 campaign context · Western Year: AD 918
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:023:s0135
Manner: killed in battle · Place: Huliu / 胡柳 · Responsible Context: battle against Later Liang · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十五年，戰於胡柳 · Western Year: AD 918
Explicit · xinwudaishi:008:s0008
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 周德威薨 · Western Year: AD 918
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0116

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 天祐七年 · Regnal Year: 7 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:050:s0043
Source Date: Text: Baixiang-era and Huliupi campaigns · Western Interval: Start: AD 911 · End: AD 918
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:023:s0011, xinwudaishi:023:s0135
Source Date: Text: 十五年 · Western Year: AD 918
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:069:s0012
Source Date: Text: 周德威薨 · Western Year: AD 918
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:072:s0116
Source Date: Text: 天祐七年 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:054:s0080
Source Date: Text: 天祐九年 · Western Year: AD 912
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:070:s0003
Source Date: Text: 夾城之役 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:050:s0040
Source Date: Text: 存勖將 · Western Interval: Start: AD 907 · End: AD 913
Explicit · liaoshi:076:s0111
Source Date: Text: 柏鄉之役 · Western Year: AD 911
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:065:s0006, jiuwudaishi:072:s0026
Source Date: Text: 神冊二年 · Western Year: AD 917
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:073:s0078
Source Date: Text: 莊宗至明宗初年語境 · Western Interval: Start: AD 915 · End: AD 923
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:008:s0008
Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:042:s0041
Source Date: Text: 開平四年七月 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:005:s0134
Source Date: Text: 開平四年九月 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:005:s0171

Origins and identity

Ethnicity: Shatuo / 沙陀
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:005:s0171

Career and standing

Label: Youzhou military commissioner / 幽州節度使 · Action: formerly-held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:042:s0041
Label: Zhenwu military governor / 振武節度使 · Action: held
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:005:s0134
Status: deceased · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:042:s0041

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: Jin commander · Action: attacked Jin prefecture in support of Liu Zhijun and was defeated by Yang Shihou · Other Person Ids: Liu Zhijun (劉知俊), Yang Shihou (楊師厚)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:023:s0011
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: besieged-Xia · Place: Xia Prefecture / 夏州 · Other Person Id: Li Renfu (李仁福)
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:005:s0134, jiuwudaishi:005:s0171
Kind: ritual · Role: honored deceased · Action: collaterally offered in Zhuangzong's temple · Other Person Id: Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (後唐莊宗) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 長興二年 · Western Year: AD 931
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:042:s0041
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: relieved-Zhen · Other Person Id: Wang Rong (王熔) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祐七年 · Western Year: AD 910
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:054:s0080
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: relieved · Place: Ling and Xia / 靈、夏
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:050:s0043
Kind: military · Role: advisor · Action: urged-withdrawal · Place: Baixiang / 柏鄉 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 柏鄉之役 · Western Year: AD 911
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0026

Source notes

Historicity: historical
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:054:s0080

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 5Volume 5 Book of Later Liang 5: Taizu Annals 5 · 2 passages

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《通鑒》：七月，岐王與邠涇二帥各遣使告晉，請合兵攻定難節度使李仁福，晉王遣振武節度使周德威將兵會之，合五萬眾，圍夏州。《Zizhi Tongjian》 records: In the seventh month the Prince of Qi and the Bin and Jing governors asked Jin for a joint attack on Li Renfu of Dingnan; the Prince of Jin sent Zhou Dewei of Zhenwu with fifty thousand men to besiege Xia.

初，劉知俊誘沙陀振武賊帥周德威、涇原賊帥李繼鸞合步騎五萬大舉，欲俯拾夏台，節度使李仁福兵力俱乏，以急來告。 Zhijun had drawn Shatuo Zhou Dewei of Zhenwu and Li Jiluan of Jingyuan with fifty thousand horse and foot, thinking Xia would fall at a touch; Li Renfu was spent and cried for help.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 42Volume 42 Book of Later Tang 18: Mingzong Annals 8 · 1 passage

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故昭義節度使李嗣昭、故幽州節度使周德威、故汴州節度使符存審，並配饗莊宗廟廷。 Li Sizhao, Zhou Dewei, and Fu Cunshen were given collateral offerings in Zhuangzong's temple.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50Volume 50 Book of Later Tang 26: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 3 passages

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嗣肱，少有膽略，屢立戰功，夾城之役，從周德威為前鋒。 Sigu showed daring and strategic sense from youth and won repeated distinction in battle. In the Jiacheng campaign he served under Zhou Dewei as vanguard.

天祐七年，周德威援靈、夏，党項阻道，音驛不通。 In Tianyou 7, Zhou Dewei marched to relieve Ling and Xia. The Tangut blocked the route, and no word came through the courier network.

嗣肱奉命自麟州渡河，應接德威，與党項轉戰數十里，合德威軍。 Sigu was ordered to cross from Linzhou and link up with Dewei. After fighting the Tangut over several tens of li, he joined Dewei's force.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Book of Later Tang 30: Biographies 6: Wang Rong, Wang Zhaohui, Wang Chuzhi · 1 passage

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鎔遣使告急莊宗，莊宗命周德威率兵應之； Rong urgently appealed to Emperor Zhuangzong, who ordered Zhou Dewei to lead troops in response;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 65Volume 65 Book of Later Tang 41: Biographies 17: Li Jianji, Shi Junli, Gao Xinggui, Zhang Tingyu, Wang Sitong, Suo Zitong · 5 passages

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柏鄉之役，汴將韓追周德威至高邑南野河上，鎮、定兵扼橋道，韓選精兵先奪之。 At Baixiang the Bian commander Han Zhui pressed Zhou Dewei to the open country south of Gaoyi along the river. The Zhen and Ding forces blocked the bridge approach, and Han sent picked troops to take it first.

燕帥劉守光僭逆不道，莊宗令周德威征之，守光大懼，以行珪為武州刺史，令張犄角之勢。 When the Yan warlord Liu Shouguang seized power unlawfully, Zhuangzong sent Zhou Dewei against him. Shouguang in alarm made Xinggui prefect of Wu and set him to brace the frontier.

時明宗將兵助德威平燕，俄聞行珪至，率騎以禦之。 Mingzong was then assisting Dewei in the Yan campaign; when word came that Xinggui was advancing, he rode out to confront him.

行珪遣弟行周告急於周德威，德威命明宗、李嗣本、安金全將兵援之。 Xinggui sent Xingzhou in haste to Zhou Dewei; Dewei ordered Mingzong, Li Siben, and An Jinquan to march to his relief.

佐周德威攻燕軍於涿州，擒燕將郭在鈞。 He fought under Zhou Dewei against Yan forces at Zhuo and took the Yan general Guo Zaijun.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 69Volume 69 Book of Later Tang 45: Biographies 21: Zhang Xian, Wang Zhengyan, Hu Zhuang, Cui Yisun, Meng Hu, Sun Yue, Zhang Yanlang, Liu Yanhao, Liu Yanlang · 1 passage

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十五年，王師戰胡柳，周德威軍不利，憲與同列奔馬北渡； In the fifteenth year the imperial army fought at Huliu; Zhou Dewei's army fared ill, and Xian fled north across the river with his colleagues on horseback;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 70Volume 70 Book of Later Tang 46: Biographies 22: Yuan Xingqin, Xia Luqi, Yao Hong, Li Yan, Li Renju, Kang Sili, Zhang Jingda · 2 passages

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天祐九年，周德威攻圍山州，守光困蹙，令行欽於山北募兵，以應契丹。 In the ninth year of Tianyou, Zhou Dewei besieged Shanzhou. Shouguang, cornered, ordered Xingqin to raise troops north of the mountains to link up with the Khitan.

從周德威攻幽州，燕將有單廷珪、元行欽，時稱驍勇，魯奇與之鬥，兩不能解，將士皆釋兵縱觀。 Under Zhou Dewei he attacked Youzhou. The Yan generals Shan Tinggui and Yuan Xingqin were then renowned for valor. Luqi fought them to a standstill, and soldiers on both sides set down their weapons to watch.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 72Volume 72 Book of Later Tang 48: Biographies 24: Zhang Chengye, Zhang Juhan, Ma Shaohong, Meng Hangqiong · 4 passages

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柏鄉之役，王師既逼汴營，周德威慮其奔衝，堅請退舍。 At Baixiang the royal army had already pressed the Bian camp. Zhou Dewei, fearing a sudden charge, strongly urged a withdrawal.

承業遽至牙門，褰帳而入，撫莊宗曰：「此非王安寢時，周德威老將，洞識兵勢，姑務萬全，言不可忽。」 Chengye hurried to headquarters, lifted the curtain, and went in. Placing a hand on Zhuangzong he said, "This is no time to sleep. Zhou Dewei is a veteran who knows the battlefield inside out. For now seek complete safety — do not ignore what he says."

德威討劉守光，令承業往視賊勢，因請莊宗自行，果成大捷。 When Dewei marched against Liu Shouguang, he sent Chengye to scout the enemy and urged Zhuangzong to take command in person. The result was a great victory.

初與孟知祥同為中門使，及周德威薨，莊宗兼領幽州，令紹宏權知州事。 At first he and Meng Zhixiang served together as Commissioners of the Central Gate. When Zhou Dewei died, Zhuangzong also took command of Youzhou and ordered Shaohong to act as prefect.

History of Liao, Chapter 73Volume 73 Biographies 3: Yelu Helu, Xiao Dilu, Yelu Xieniechi, Yelu Yuwen, Yelu Haili · 2 passages

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神冊二年，從逼幽州，與唐節度使周德威拒戰可汗州西，敗其軍，遂圍幽州，未下。 In the second year of Shence he joined the advance on Youzhou and, west of Kehan Prefecture, fought the Tang military governor Zhou Dewei, defeated his army, and then besieged Youzhou without taking it.

徇山西諸郡縣，又下之，敗周德威軍。 he overran the commanderies and counties of western Shanxi, took them, and defeated the army of Zhou Dewei.

History of Liao, Chapter 76Volume 76 Biographies 6: Yelu Jieli, Yelu Balide, Yelu Shuogu, Yelu Lubugu, Zhao Yanshou, Gao Mohan, Zhao Siwen, Yelu Oulisi, Zhang Li · 1 passage

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為存勖將周德威所擒，存勖壯而釋其縛。 Cunxu's general Zhou Dewei captured him; impressed by his spirit, Cunxu had his bonds cut.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 8Volume 8 Later Jin Annals 1: Gaozu · 1 passage

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十五年，莊宗戰於胡柳，前鋒周德威戰死，敬瑭以左射軍從明宗復擊敗梁兵。 In year fifteen Zhuangzong fought at Huliu; Zhou Dewei, his vanguard, fell. Jingtang and the Left Shooter Army followed Mingzong in a counter-stroke and broke the Liang line.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 23Volume 23 Later Liang Biographies 3: Yang Shihou, Wang Jingren, He Gui, Wang Tan, Ma Sixun, Wang Qianyu, Xie Yanzhang · 2 passages

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晉周德威攻晉州以應知俊，師厚敗之於蒙坑，以功遷保義軍節度使，徙鎮宣義。 When Zhou Dewei of Jin struck Jin prefecture to aid Zhijun, Shihou crushed him at Mengkeng and, for his merit, was appointed military governor of Baoyi and then transferred to Xuanyi.

瓌自行臺躡之，戰于胡柳陂，晉人輜重在陣西，瓌軍將薄之，晉軍亂，斬其將周德威，盡取其輜重。 Gui pursued from the field headquarters himself and fought at Huliupi. Jin baggage trains lay west of the formation; as Gui’s army was about to close, the Jin broke in disorder. They beheaded Zhou Dewei and took all the baggage trains.