Qin and Han · Han General

Guan Ying 灌嬰

Guàn Yīng

First attested BC 209; died BC 176

Passages: 31
Chapters: 16
Histories: 4

Overview

Guan Ying was a Han General.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Alternate name		樊灌

Life and dates

Death

BC 176 historical identification
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 70, passage 222
BC 176 四年，丞相灌嬰卒
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 92
丞相灌嬰薨
Directly stated · Book of Han 5, passage 144

Attested activity

BC 209 to BC 176 Han founding era
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 48, passage 18
BC 189 七年冬十月
Directly stated · Book of Han 3, passage 59
BC 186 二年…潁陰侯臣嬰
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 4, passage 11
BC 180 八年…大將軍灌嬰
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 4, passage 46
BC 206 to BC 180 史臣比喻
Directly stated · Book of Zhou 17, passage 153
BC 176 四年，丞相灌嬰卒
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 92

Show 7 more source-backed claims

BC 180 太后崩
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 44, passage 274; Records of the Grand Historian 51, passage 53
BC 180 太后崩後
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 44, passage 274
BC 206 to BC 176 漢之樊灌
Strongly inferred · Book of Wei 39, passage 20
BC 209 to BC 141 漢初
Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 51, passage 86
BC 204 漢將灌嬰追得齊守相田光
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 94, passages 61, 65
c. BC 206 to c. BC 176 灌嬰
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 70, passage 222
BC 203 灌嬰追齊軍至博
Strongly inferred · Book of Han 42, passage 90

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Grand General 大將軍
BC 180 八年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passage 46
Grand Marshal 太尉
BC 189 七年冬十月 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Han 3, passage 59
Chancellor 丞相
Held
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 92
General 將軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 274
Title En Chancellor · Title Zh 丞相
Directly stated · Book of Han 5, passage 124
Marquis of Yingyin 潁陰侯
Held
Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passage 11

Show 1 more source-backed claim

Title En Marquis Yingyin · Title Zh 潁陰侯
Directly stated · Book of Han 5, passage 124

Places and affiliations

Polity Han 漢 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 92
At Xingyang 滎陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 274; Records of the Grand Historian 51, passage 53

Events and relationships

Captured Tian Guang defeated Tian Heng killed Tian Xi
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 94, passages 61-62, 65
Led forces to xingyang
BC 189 七年冬十月 · Military · Commander · At Xingyang 滎陽
Directly stated · Book of Han 3, passage 59
Sent against Qi then allied
BC 180 八年 · Military · Commander · At Xingyang 滎陽
Directly stated · Book of Han 4, passages 46-47
Urged Liu Bang to attack Xiang Yu
Political · Advisor · With Liu Bang (劉邦)
Directly stated · Book of Han 48, passage 18

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 96, passage 92

References in the histories

Search passages

History

31 passages

Book of Han, Chapter 1Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 1 · 3 passages

漢王以韓信為左丞相，與曹參、灌嬰俱擊魏。 King Han appointed Han Xin as left chancellor, and together with Cao Shen and Guan Ying attacked Wei.

曰：「是秦將馮無擇子也，雖賢，不能當灌嬰。 The king said: "He is the son of the Qin general Feng Wuzhe. Though capable, he cannot stand up to Guan Ying.

十一月，韓信與灌嬰擊破楚軍，殺楚將龍且，追至城陽，虜齊王廣。 In the eleventh month, Han Xin and Guan Ying attacked and defeated the Chu army, killed the Chu general Long Ju, pursued as far as Chengyang, and captured Tian Guang, King of Qi.

Book of Han, Chapter 2Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 2 · 2 passages

灌嬰追斬羽東城。 Guan Ying pursued and beheaded Xiang Yu at Dongcheng.

陳平、灌嬰將十萬守滎陽，樊噲、周勃將二十萬定燕代，此聞帝崩，諸將皆誅，必連兵還鄉，以攻關中。 Chen Ping and Guan Ying are leading 100,000 men guarding Xingyang, and Fan Kuai and Zhou Bo are leading 200,000 pacifying Yan and Dai. If they hear that the emperor has died and that the generals are all being executed, they will surely join forces and return home to attack Guanzhong.

Book of Han, Chapter 3Volume 2: Annals of Emperor Hui · 1 passage

七年冬十月，發車騎、材官詣滎陽，太尉灌嬰將。 In the seventh year, winter, tenth month, he dispatched chariots, cavalry, and foresters to Xingyang. Grand marshal Guan Ying led them.

Book of Han, Chapter 4Volume 3: Annals of Empress Lü Zhi · 4 passages

丞相臣平言：「謹與絳侯臣勃、曲周侯臣商、潁陰侯臣嬰、安國侯臣陵等議，列侯幸得賜餐錢奉邑，陛下加惠，以功次定朝位，臣請臧高廟。」 Chancellor Chen Ping memorialized: 'I have respectfully deliberated with Bo, Marquis of Jiang; Shang, Marquis of Quzhou; Ying, Marquis of Yingyin; Ling, Marquis of Anguo; and others. The marquises have fortunately received bestowed meal allowances and fief incomes. Your Majesty adds further favor by establishing court positions according to the order of their merits. I request that these rankings be preserved in the Gao Temple.'

產、祿等遣大將軍灌嬰將兵擊之。 Lü Chan and Lü Lu dispatched Grand General Guan Ying to lead troops against them.

嬰至滎陽，使人諭齊王與連和，待呂氏變而共誅之。 When Ying reached Xingyang, he sent messengers to persuade the King of Qi to form an alliance, waiting for a turn among the Lü before jointly executing them.

具以灌嬰與齊楚合從狀告產。 He fully reported to Chan the situation of Guan Ying's alliance with Qi and Chu.

Book of Han, Chapter 5Volume 4: Annals of Emperor Wen · 6 passages

詔曰：「前呂產自置為相國，呂祿為上將軍，擅遣將軍灌嬰將兵擊齊，欲代劉氏。 An edict said: "Formerly Lü Chan set himself up as Chancellor of State, while Lü Lu became Supreme General. They sent General Guan Ying with troops to attack Qi on their own authority, intending to replace the Liu clan.

嬰留滎陽，與諸侯合謀以誅呂氏。 Ying remained at Xingyang and joined the feudal lords in plotting to execute the Lü clan.

丞相平、將軍嬰邑各三千戶，金二千斤。 Chancellor Ping and General Ying each received a fief of three thousand households and two thousand jin of gold.

十二月，太尉潁陰侯灌嬰為丞相。 In the twelfth month, Grand Commandant Marquis Yingyin Guan Ying was appointed chancellor.

上幸甘泉，遣丞相灌嬰擊匈奴，匈奴去。 The emperor journeyed to Ganquan and sent Chancellor Guan Ying to attack the Xiongnu invaders, who then retreated.

四年冬十二月，丞相灌嬰薨。 In the twelfth month of winter in the fourth year, Chancellor Guan Ying passed away.

Book of Han, Chapter 42Volume 33: Wei Bao, Tian Dan and Hán Xin (King of Han) · 3 passages

漢將灌嬰追得守相光，至博。 Han general Guan Ying pursued and captured Chancellor Tian Guang at Bo.

而橫聞王死，自立為王，還擊嬰，嬰敗橫軍於贏下。 Hearing the king was dead, Tian Heng made himself king and counterattacked Guan Ying, but Guan Ying defeated Tian Heng below Ying.

韓信已殺龍且，因進兵破殺田既於膠東，灌嬰破殺齊將田吸於千乘，遂平齊地。 After Han Xin had killed Long Ju, he advanced and defeated and killed Tian Ji in Jiaodong. Guan Ying also defeated and killed the Qi general Tian Xi at Qiancheng, and Qi territory was thereby pacified.

Book of Han, Chapter 44Volume 35: Princes of Jing, Yan and Wu · 1 passage

至梁，聞漢灌將軍屯滎陽，澤還兵備西界，遂跳驅至長安。 When he reached Liang, he heard that the Han general Guan Ying was encamped at Xingyang. Ze turned his troops back to guard the western border and then hurried on to Chang'an.

Book of Han, Chapter 48Volume 39: Xiao He and Cao Shen · 1 passage

周勃、灌嬰、樊噲皆勸之，何諫之曰：「雖王漢中之惡，不猶愈於死乎？」 Zhou Bo, Guan Ying, and Fan Kuai urged him to fight, but Xiao He objected: “Even Hanzhong is preferable to annihilation.”

Book of Han, Chapter 51Volume 42: Zhang, Zhou, Zhao, Ren and Shentu · 1 passage

蒼與絳侯等尊立代王為孝文皇帝，四年，代灌嬰為丞相。 Zhang Cang joined the Marquis of Jiang and the others in raising the King of Dai to the throne as Emperor Wen; in the fourth year of his reign, Cang succeeded Guan Ying as chancellor.

Book of Han, Chapter 70Volume 60: Du Zhou · 1 passage

前將軍韓增、御史大夫蔡誼功比穎陰侯灌嬰； Former General Han Zeng and Imperial Counselor Cai Yi were ranked with Marquis of Yingyin Guan Ying;

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 51Houses of Jing and Yan · 1 passage

至梁，聞漢遣灌將軍屯滎陽，澤還兵備西界，遂跳驅至長安。 When they reached Liang, word came that the Han court had dispatched General Guan Ying to garrison Xingyang. Liu Ze sent his troops back to guard the western frontier and rode hard for Chang'an.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 84Biographies of Qu Yuan and Master Jia · 1 passage

絳、灌、東陽侯、馮敬之屬盡害之，乃短賈生曰：「雒陽之人，年少初學，專欲擅權，紛亂諸事。」 But the Marquis of Jiang, Guan Ying, the Marquis of Dongyang, Feng Jing, and others all opposed him. They slandered Jia Sheng, saying: 'This man from Luoyang is young and has barely begun his studies, yet he seeks to monopolize power and throw everything into confusion.'

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 94Biography of Tian Dan, King of Qi · 3 passages

漢將灌嬰追得齊守相田光。 The Han general Guan Ying pursued and captured the Qi Deputy Chancellor Tian Guang.

至博（陽），而橫聞齊王死，自立為齊王，還擊嬰，嬰敗橫之軍於嬴下。 When word reached Boyang that the King of Qi was dead, Heng proclaimed himself King of Qi and turned to attack Guan Ying. But Guan Ying routed Heng's forces below Ying.

韓信已殺龍且，因令曹參進兵破殺田既於膠東，使灌嬰破殺齊將田吸於千乘。 After Han Xin killed Long Ju, he sent Cao Shen to advance into Jiaodong and destroy Tian Ji, and dispatched Guan Ying to defeat and kill the Qi general Tian Xi at Qiancheng.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 96Biography of Chancellor Zhang · 1 passage

四年，丞相灌嬰卒，張蒼為丞相。 In the fourth year, Chancellor Guan Ying died, and Zhang Cang was appointed chancellor in his place.

Book of Wei, Chapter 39Volume 34: Wang Luo Er, Che Lutou, Lu Luyuan, Chen Jian, Wan Anguo · 1 passage

雖漢之樊灌，魏之許典無以加焉。 Not even Fan Kuai and Guan Ying of Han, nor Xu Chu and Dian Wei of Wei, could outdo them.

Book of Zhou, Chapter 17Volume 17 Biographies 9: Liang Yu; Guo Ganhui; Yi Feng; Liu Liang; Wang De · 1 passage

及殷憂啟聖，豫奉興王，參謀締構之初，宣力經綸之始，遂得連衡灌、酈，方駕張、徐，可謂遇其時也。 When sorrow gave way to a founding sage they served the rising dynasty from the first, counselled at the start of its construction, and labored at the beginning of its ordering—so they could rank with Guan and Li and stand beside Zhang and Xu; they had truly met their moment.