Jiang Youqian (蔣攸銛)

Overview

Jiang Youqian was an official and Governor.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Litang	礪堂	Lìtáng

Life and dates

Death

Stated true
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 137

Age

19
AD 1784 乾隆四十九年 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 72

Attested activity

AD 1809 to AD 1811 两江河务期间
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 342, passages 116-117
AD 1829 九年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 76
AD 1784 乾隆四十九年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 72
AD 1820 嘉慶二十五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 116
AD 1800 嘉慶五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 74
AD 1803 嘉慶八年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 75

Show 11 more source-backed claims

AD 1796 to AD 1798 嘉慶初
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 73
AD 1812 嘉慶十七年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 379, passages 10-11
AD 1810 嘉慶十五年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 121
AD 1811 嘉慶十六年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 80
AD 1808 總督蔣攸銛器之
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 384, passages 2, 8
AD 1827 道光七年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 126
AD 1822 道光二年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 117
AD 1825 道光五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 124
AD 1826 道光六年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 379, passages 157, 160
AD 1830 道光十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 135
AD 1824 道光四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 393, passages 61, 64

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Mother of Jiang Youxian
mother 母
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 76
Parent of Wuyuan (霨遠)
son 子
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 141

Key source chapters

Career and standing

Censor 御史
AD 1796 to AD 1798 嘉慶初 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 73
Governor-general of the Two Jiangs 兩江總督
AD 1827 道光七年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 126
Minister of Punishments 刑部尚書
AD 1822 道光二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 117
Grand Council minister 軍機大臣
AD 1825 道光五年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 124
Grand secretary of the Tiren Pavilion 體仁閣大學士
AD 1825 道光五年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 124
Associate grand secretary 協辦大學士
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 123

Show 23 more source-backed claims

Compiler 編修
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 72
Governor-general of Zhili 直隸總督
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 118
Grand Canal Director 河督
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 117
Grand Secretary supervising the Two Jiangs 大學士出督兩江
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 18
Hanlin bachelor 庶吉士
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 72
Vice minister of war 兵部侍郎
Demoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 136
Governor-General of the Two Jiangs 兩江總督
AD 1829 九年 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 76
Governor of Zhejiang 浙江巡撫
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 121
governor-general of Liangguang 兩廣總督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 379, passage 10
Governor-General 總督
Held · At Sichuan 四川
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 8
governor-general 總督
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 379, passage 142
Intendant of Jinan-Gan circuit, Jiangxi 江西吉南贛道
AD 1800 嘉慶五年 · Posted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 74
Governor-general of the Two Guangs 兩廣總督
AD 1811 嘉慶十六年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 80
Governor of Jiangsu 江蘇巡撫
AD 1809 嘉慶十四年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 78
Acting intendant of Huichao-Jia circuit, Guangdong 署廣東惠潮嘉道
AD 1805 嘉慶十年 · Recalled
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 77
Governor-general of Sichuan 四川總督
AD 1817 嘉慶二十二年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 107
Governor-General of Zhili 直隸總督
Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 12
Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent 太子少保
AD 1820 嘉慶二十五年 · Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 116
Senior Guardian of the Heir Apparent 太子太保
Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 125
Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent 太子太傅
Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 133
Entered
Dismissal
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 136
Entered
Mourning leave
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 76
Suffered
Censure · Authority Daoguang Emperor (道光帝)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 80

Places and affiliations

Qing 清
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 8
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 117
At Baodi 寶坻 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 71
At Liaodong 遼東 · Relation Ancestral migration
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 71
At Zhejiang 浙江 · Relation Ancestral origin
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 71
Organization Hanjun Bordered Red Banner 漢軍鑲紅旗 · Relation Member of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 70

Learning and skills

Earned
AD 1784 乾隆四十九年 · Credential Presented Scholar 進士
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 72

Works and attributed material

Recommended Peihou
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passages 12, 19
Memorial · Author · With Zhou Tianjue (週天爵)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 393, passage 64
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 83-101

Events and relationships

Advocated sea transport
Administrative · Proposer
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 129-132
Capital region waterworks
Administrative · Official · With Cheng Hanzhang (程含章)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 120-121
Flood relief
Disaster relief · Official
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 119
Halted trade british ships
Diplomatic · Official
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 103
Handled huang yulin case
Legal · Official · With Huang Yulin (黃玉林)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 134-136
Proposed foreign trade restrictions
Diplomatic · Official
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 104

Show 10 more source-backed claims

Reformed sichuan governance
Administrative · Governor
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 108-113
Refused siamese repayment
Diplomatic · Official
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 105-106
Suppressed bandits
Military · Commander · At Guangdong 廣東
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 81-82
Suppressed revolt
AD 1803 嘉慶八年 · Military · Commander · With Liao Ganqi (廖幹用) · At Guangchang 廣昌
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 75
Relation Recommender of · Person Zhao Shenzhen (趙慎畛)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 379, passage 10
Relation Recommender of · Person Tao Shu (陶澍)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 379, passage 142
Relation Recommended by · Person Song Yun (松筠)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 342, passage 116
Relation Patron of · Person Deng Tingzhen (鄧廷楨)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 369, passage 121
Relation Patron of · Person Wang Fengsheng (王鳳生)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passage 76
Relation Patron of · Person Lin Peihou (林培厚)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 384, passages 8, 12

Assessments and attributes

Assessment could not end career with full honor · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 197
Assessment emperor praised and accepted memorial · Mode edict
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 102
Assessment excellent in both defense and administration · Mode ruler-judgment Speaker Daoguang Emperor (道光帝)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 116
Assessment keen memory; bold in responsibility; skilled at judging officials · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passages 138-140
Assessment outspoken and gained reputation · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 73
Assessment Tianjue loves the people as his children and hates evil as his enemy — an official in the ancient mold · Mode named-speech Speaker Jiang Youqian (蔣攸銛)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 393, passage 64

Show 1 more source-backed claim

Assessment went his own way; far-reaching in promoting talent · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 366, passage 195

References in the histories

Search passages

History

32 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 342Volume 342 Biographies 129: Bao Ning, Song Yun Son: Xi Chang, Fu Jun, Dou Xinchuan, Bo Qi Tu · 2 passages

Open chapter

复密陳吳璥、徐端所論不實，工程虛捏，自請調任總河察其弊，又薦蔣攸銛、孫玉庭可任。 He also reported in secret that Wu Jing and Xu Duan's claims were false and that engineering figures had been fabricated, asked to be transferred to grand canal director to investigate the abuses, and recommended Jiang Youqian and Sun Yuting as capable appointees.

帝以鬆筠忠實，治河非所長，用攸銛為河督，責令相助為理。 The emperor, judging Song Yun loyal and honest but not expert in river control, appointed Youqian canal director and ordered Song Yun to assist him.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 366Volume 366 Biographies 153: Sun Yuting, Jiang Youxian, Li Hongbin · 14 passages

Open chapter

孫玉庭、蔣攸銛、李鴻賓 Sun Yuting, Jiang Youxian, and Li Hongbin

蔣攸銛，字礪堂，漢軍鑲紅旗人。 Jiang Youxian, courtesy name Litang, was a man of the Hanjun Bordered Red Banner.

八年，廣昌齋匪廖幹用作亂，攸銛率兵平之。 In the eighth year the Zhai sect bandit Liao Ganqi rebelled at Guangchang. Jiang Youxian led troops and put down the revolt.

英吉利兵船入內洋，攸銛飭停貿易，乃聽命引去。 When British warships entered the inner sea, Jiang Youxian ordered trade halted, and they then withdrew as instructed.

攸銛以奉旨頒給，乃示懷柔，不得復收回，卻之，詔嘉其得體。 Jiang Youxian argued that since the payment had been bestowed by imperial order as a gesture of kindness, it could not be taken back. He refused the repayment, and an edict praised his tact.

二十五年，仁宗崩，入謁梓宮，宣宗諭褒為守兼優，加太子少保。 In the twenty-fifth year the Jiaqing Emperor died. Jiang Youxian went to pay respects at the coffin, and the Daoguang Emperor praised him as excellent in both defense and administration, granting him the title Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.

時方治畿輔水利，命侍郎張文浩蒞其事，尋以程含章代之，攸銛與合疏言東西兩淀，大清、永定、子牙、南北運五河，及天津海口、千里堤，不可緩之工，請部撥銀一百二十萬兩； Waterworks in the capital region were then under way. Vice Minister Zhang Wenhao was ordered to oversee them and was soon replaced by Cheng Hanzhang. Jiang Youxian jointly memorialized that work on the eastern and western marshes, the Daqing, Yongding, Ziya, and north and south transport rivers, the Tianjin estuary, and the Thousand-Li Dike could not be delayed, and asked the ministry to allocate 1.2 million taels;

攸銛初在浙，不主海運，至是見河、漕交困，試行海運便利，遂請續行，並預儲銀六十萬兩，備河運盤壩之用。 Jiang Youxian had earlier opposed sea transport while in Zhejiang, but now, seeing both rivers and grain transport in distress, he found trial sea transport effective and asked to continue it. He also set aside six hundred thousand taels in advance for river transport and dam-transfer expenses.

攸銛疏辯，極言倒塘之不足恃，上終不以為然，姑許海運，而禁言盤壩。 Jiang Youxian memorialized in defense, arguing at length that reversing embankments could not be relied on. The emperor remained unconvinced, provisionally permitted sea transport, but forbade further discussion of dam transfer.

十年，攸銛病，乞假，假滿，召回京供職，而玉林复圖販私，攸銛疏請嚴治，發遣新疆，尋复慮其潛回滋事，密請處絞。 In the tenth year Jiang Youxian fell ill and took leave. When his leave ended he was recalled to the capital, but Yulin again took up smuggling. Jiang Youxian memorialized for strict punishment and banishment to Xinjiang, then secretly asked that he be executed, fearing he might slip back and cause trouble.

詔誅玉林，切責攸銛苟且從事，嚴議褫職，加恩降兵部侍郎。 An edict ordered Yulin executed and sharply rebuked Jiang Youxian for perfunctory handling. After strict deliberation he was stripped of office but, as a grace, reduced to vice minister of war.

攸銛精敏強識，與人一面一言，閱數十年記憶不爽。 Jiang Youxian was keen and possessed a formidable memory. After a single meeting and a single remark, he could recall a person accurately even decades later.

孫玉庭、蔣攸銛並以老成膺分陝之寄，大事多以諮決。 Sun Yuting and Jiang Youxian both, by their seasoned maturity, received the empire's weightiest frontier appointments, and great affairs were often decided after consulting them.

攸銛直行己意，眷注遂衰，然其汲引人才，識量遠矣。 Jiang Youxian went his own way, and imperial favor therefore declined, yet in promoting talent his vision was far-reaching.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 369Volume 369 Biographies 156: Lin Zexu, Deng Tingzhen, Da Hong A · 1 passage

Open chapter

十五年，授台灣遺缺知府，浙江巡撫蔣攸銛請留浙，補寧波。 In 1810 he was appointed prefect to fill a vacancy in Taiwan, but Governor Jiang Youqian of Zhejiang asked that he remain in the province, and he was posted to Ningbo.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 379Volume 379 Biographies 166: Zhao Shenzhen, Lu Kun, Ceng Sheng, Tao Shu · 3 passages

Open chapter

兩廣總督蔣攸銛薦其才可大用。 Jiang Youxian, governor-general of Liangguang, recommended him as a man whose ability warranted high appointment.

總督蔣攸銛薦其治行為四川第一。 Governor-General Jiang Youxian recommended his administration as the finest in Sichuan.

明年，遂偕總督蔣攸銛合疏陳海運章程八條，冀垂令甲，永紓漕累，格於部議，未果行。 The following year he and Governor-General Jiang Youxian jointly memorialized eight articles governing sea transport, hoping to establish a lasting precedent and permanently ease the burden of the grain tribute system; the Board blocked the proposal and it was never implemented.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 384Volume 384 Biographies 171: Lin Peihou, Li Xiangkun, Li Zongchuan, Wang Fengsheng, Huang Mian, Yu De Yuan, Yao Ying · 11 passages

Open chapter

總督蔣攸銛器之，稱為蜀中良吏之最。 Governor-General Jiang Youxian held him in high regard and pronounced him the finest administrator in Sichuan.

時蔣攸銛移督直隸，詔舉賢吏，遂薦之，不旬日，擢大順廣道。 Jiang Youxian had by then been transferred to govern Zhili; when the throne called for nominations of capable officials, he recommended Peihou, who within ten days was promoted intendant of the Da-Shun-Guang circuit.

培厚數以時事利病、屬吏賢否語攸銛，為布政使屠之申所忌。 Peihou frequently reported to Jiang Youxian on the strengths and weaknesses of current policies and on the merit of subordinate officials, which earned him the enmity of Provincial Treasurer Tu Zhishen.

及攸銛入相，那彥成代之，坐河北旱荒施賑不如法，解培厚任，宣宗夙知其能，改授湖北糧儲道。 After Jiang Youxian joined the Grand Council, Na Yancheng succeeded him as governor-general; Peihou was dismissed on the pretext that his drought relief in Hebei had not followed proper procedure, but the Xuanzong Emperor, who had long valued his talent, reassigned him as grain intendant of Hubei.

攸銛以大學士出督兩江，期八省漕以首夏畢渡河，乘清水盛漲，浮渡遄利。 Jiang Youxian went out as Grand Secretary to supervise the Two Jiangs, aiming to move the grain fleets of eight provinces across the river by early summer, when the clear current would be at its height and passage swift and easy.

培厚所部尤速達，為嘉慶以來數十年所未有，攸銛特疏陳給敘。 Peihou's section of the transport was especially fast—unmatched in decades since the Jiaqing reign—and Jiang Youxian submitted a special memorial recommending him for commendation and promotion.

蔣攸銛、那彥成先後為總督，皆倚如左右手。 Jiang Youxian and Na Yancheng served as governor-general in turn, and each relied on him as indispensable as his own two hands.

九年，兩江總督蔣攸銛薦起原官，署兩淮鹽運使。 In the ninth year Governor-General Jiang Youxian of the Two Jiangs had him recalled to his former rank, and he served as acting Liang-Huai salt transport commissioner.

攸銛採其議，改灶鹽，節浮費，濬河道，增屯船，緝場私、鄰私之出入，禁江船、漕船之夾帶，及清查庫款，督運淮北諸條，疏陳待施行，會詔捕鹽梟巨魁黃玉林，鳳生計招出首，責緝私贖罪。 Jiang Youxian adopted his proposals—reforming furnace salt, cutting waste, dredging waterways, adding transport vessels, cracking down on field and cross-border smuggling, banning contraband on river and grain boats, auditing treasury funds, and tightening north-of-Huai transport—and memorialized the package for implementation. When the throne ordered the capture of the salt-smuggling kingpin Huang Yulin, Fengsheng devised a plan to induce the chief culprit to surrender and required him to hunt smugglers in exchange for clemency.

攸銛已入告，旋因告訐置之獄，又得玉林所寄其黨私書，意反复，密疏請處以重法。 Jiang Youxian had already reported the surrender to the throne, but Yulin was soon jailed after an informer's accusation; when letters from Yulin to his gang were found, Jiang took this as proof of double-dealing and secretly memorialized for the severest penalty.

上以前後歧異，譴攸銛，鳳生亦降調。 The emperor, seeing the contradiction between the two accounts, censured Jiang Youxian and demoted Fengsheng as well.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 393Volume 393 Biographies 180: Li Xingyuan, Zhou Tianjue, Lao Chongguang · 1 passage

Open chapter

有劾其殘酷者，總督蔣攸銛奏言：「天爵愛民如子，嫉惡如仇，古良吏也。」 Some impeached him for cruelty, but Governor-General Jiang Youxian memorialized: "Tianjue loves the people as his own children and hates evil as his own enemy — he is an official in the ancient mold."