Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Official

Zhu Yi 朱异

Died AD 548

Passages: 49
Chapters: 7
Histories: 2

Overview

The translated histories identify Zhu Yi as a courtier, general, military officer, and official. This record brings together 49 passages from 7 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Zhu Yi	朱异	Zhu Yi
Title	Commandant-in-Chief	領軍
Title	Right Guard General Zhu Yi	右衛將軍朱异	Youwei jiangjun Zhu Yi
Title	Right Guard Zhu Yi	右衛朱异	Youwei Zhu Yi
Title	Vice Director of the Secretariat	中書侍郎
Courtesy	Yanhe	彥和	Yànhé
Given name	Yi	异	Yi
Given	Yi	异	Yì
Given	Yi	异	Yi
Given name	Yi	异
Surname	Zhu	朱	Zhu
Surname	Zhu	朱	Zhū
Surname	Zhu	朱
Personal name	Zhu Yi	朱异	Zhu Yi
Personal name	Zhu Yi	朱异
Personal	Zhu Yi	朱异	Zhū Yì
Personal name	Zhu Yi	朱异	Zhū Yì

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · chenshu:029:s0040, liangshu:030:s0054, liangshu:038:s0339
Sex: male
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0002, liangshu:042:s0088, liangshu:043:s0003

Roles

Courtier
General
Military Officer
Official
Scholar
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Action: died · Cause: illness brought on by shame and anger · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 侯景圍城期間 · Western Interval: Start: AD 548 · End: AD 549
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0058
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 至於身死 · Western Year: AD 549
Strongly inferred · liangshu:038:s0351, liangshu:038:s0353

Age

Age: 20 · Reckoning: East Asian stated age · Context: went to the capital
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0008
Age: 21 · Reckoning: East Asian stated age · Context: received exceptional appointment
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0014
Age: 67 · Reckoning: stated age · Context: death
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0058

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 中大通元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 529
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0030, liangshu:038:s0031, liangshu:038:s0033
Source Date: Text: 太清元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 547
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0360, liangshu:038:s0034, liangshu:038:s0035, liangshu:038:s0048
Source Date: Text: 太清二年 · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 548
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0049, liangshu:038:s0051, liangshu:038:s0339, liangshu:038:s0361
Source Date: Text: 大同四年 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 538
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0355
Source Date: Text: 普通五年 · Regnal Year: 5 · Western Year: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0026, liangshu:038:s0027, liangshu:038:s0028, liangshu:038:s0029
Source Date: Text: 大同六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 540
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0356, liangshu:038:s0357, liangshu:038:s0358
Source Date: Text: 大同八年 · Regnal Year: 8 · Western Year: AD 542
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0359
Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0003, liangshu:038:s0008, liangshu:038:s0025
Source Date: Text: 侯景圍城期間 · Western Interval: Start: AD 548 · End: AD 549
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0054, liangshu:038:s0058
Source Date: Text: 大同前後 · Western Interval: Start: AD 535 · End: AD 549
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:043:s0073
Source Date: Text: 太清二年 · Western Year: AD 548
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:042:s0091, liangshu:042:s0100, liangshu:042:s0103
Source Date: Text: 太清元年 · Western Year: AD 547
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:042:s0087, liangshu:042:s0088
Source Date: Text: 普通七年 · Western Year: AD 526
Explicit · liangshu:030:s0054
Source Date: Text: 普通三年十一月 · Western Year: AD 522
Explicit · liangshu:008:s0049
Source Date: Text: 梁武帝朝 · Western Interval: Start: AD 502 · End: AD 549
Explicit · chenshu:029:s0040
Source Date: Text: 陳昕十二歲隨父入洛後 · Western Interval: Start: AD 527 · End: AD 538
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:032:s0132

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Descendant of Zhao Zhi (昭之)
Kinship Term: grandfather / 祖 · Generation Distance: 2 · Line: paternal · Intermediary Person Ids: Zhu Xun (朱巽)
Descendant of Gu Huan (顧歡)
Kinship Term: maternal grandfather / 外祖 · Generation Distance: 2 · Line: maternal · Intermediary Person Ids: Mother of Zhu Yi (朱异之母)
Kin of Jiang Ziyi (江子一)
Kinship Term: uncle by marriage / 姑夫 · Intermediary Person Ids: Paternal aunt of Jiang Ziyi (江子一之姑)
Spouse of Paternal aunt of Jiang Ziyi (江子一之姑)
Kinship Term: aunt's husband / 姑夫 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Parent of Zhu Su (朱肅)
Kinship Term: eldest son / 長子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 1
Child of Zhu Xun (朱巽)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Parent of Zhu Run (朱閏)
Kinship Term: second son / 次子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 2
Child of Mother of Zhu Yi (朱异之母)
Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son · Line: maternal

Kinship Role: sons · Quantity: at least two named sons; total unspecified · Named Person Ids: Zhu Su (朱肅), Zhu Run (朱閏)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0069, liangshu:038:s0074, liangshu:038:s0075

Origins and identity

Surname: Zhu / 朱
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0003

Career and standing

Label: chief court planner and drafter / 掌機謀、詔誥敕書 · Action: assumed after Zhou She's death · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中大通元年後 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 529
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0030, liangshu:038:s0031, liangshu:038:s0032, liangshu:038:s0033
Office: Attendant-in-Ordinary / 侍中 · Action: additionally-appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同八年 · Regnal Year: 8 · Western Year: AD 542
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0359
Office: Supernumerary Palace Attendant / 員外常侍 · Action: additionally-appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0025
Office: Clerk in the Council Office of Yang Province / 揚州議曹從事史 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0014
Office: Regular Duty in the Western Secretariat / 直西省 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0023
Office: Erudite of the Imperial Academy / 太學博士 · Action: concurrently-appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0023
Office: Palace Secretariat Attendant / 中書通事舍人 · Action: concurrently-appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0025
Office: Infantry Colonel / 領步兵 · Action: concurrently-held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太清元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 547
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0360
Label: Colonel of Footsoldiers / 步兵校尉 · Action: held
Explicit · liangshu:008:s0049
Label: Commander of the Army / 領軍 · Action: held
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0339
Label: Grand Herald / 鴻臚卿 · Action: held
Explicit · liangshu:032:s0132
Office: Palace Attendant / 散騎常侍 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中大通元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 529
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0030
Office: Central Leader of the Army / 中領軍 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太清二年 · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 548
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0361
Office: General of the Right Guard / 右衛將軍 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同四年 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 538
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0355
Office: Chamberlain for Dependencies / 鴻臚卿 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0025
Office: Gentleman of the Ceremonial Office of the Secretariat / 尚書儀曹郎 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0025
Office: Right Commandant of the Heir Apparent's Guards / 太子右衛率 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: early life and Liang career before 普通五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 480 · End: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0025
Office: Secretariat Drafter / 舍人 · Action: retained · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太清二年 · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 548
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0361
Office: General of the Left Guard / 左衛將軍 · Action: transferred · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太清元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 547
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0360
Honor: Palace Attendant / 侍中 · Action: posthumously-awarded · Authority Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0059, liangshu:038:s0062
Honor: Right Vice Director of the Secretariat / 尚書右僕射 · Action: posthumously-awarded · Authority Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0059, liangshu:038:s0062

Places and affiliations

Label: Liang / 梁 · Relation: served
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0014, liangshu:038:s0028, liangshu:038:s0348, liangshu:038:s0349
Place: Qiantang, Wu Commandery / 吳郡錢唐 · Relation: native-of
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0003

Learning and skills

Subjects: Five Classics / 五經, Rites / 禮, Changes / 易, literature and history / 文史 · Relation: studied
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0007
Skill: board games / 博弈 · Level: accomplished
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0007
Skill: calculation / 算 · Level: accomplished
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0007
Skill: calligraphy/writing / 書 · Level: accomplished
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0007

Works and attributed material

Work: Gaozu's Meaning of the Doctrine of the Mean in the Book of Rites / 高祖《禮記中庸義》 · Relation: lecturer · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 540
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0358
Work: Gaozu's Meaning of the Laozi / 高祖《老子義》 · Relation: lecturer · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 540
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0356, liangshu:038:s0357
Work: ritual manuals and collected writings / 儀注、文集 · Relation: author · Quantity: more than one hundred pieces · Fate: mostly lost in the disorders
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0073
Work: exegeses on the Rites and Changes / 《禮》、《易》講疏 · Relation: author
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0073
Kind: prediction · Role: speaker · Action: interpreted Gaozu's dream as a sign of unification · Other Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝) · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0034
Kind: policy advice · Role: speaker · Action: recommended peace with Wei · Provenance: Mode: reported-position · Speaker Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0045
Kind: letter · Role: author · Action: replied to Hou Jing by restating the imperial order · Other Person Id: Hou Jing (侯景) · Provenance: Mode: reported-document · Speaker Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0048
Kind: policy advice · Role: speaker · Action: urged Gaozu to accept Hou Jing's surrender · Other Person Id: Hou Jing (侯景) · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0037, liangshu:038:s0038, liangshu:038:s0039, liangshu:038:s0040, liangshu:038:s0041, liangshu:038:s0042
Kind: deliberation · Role: author · Quoted: true · Other Person Id: Ming Shanbin (明山賓)
Explicit · liangshu:008:s0049
Kind: memorial · Role: author · Topic: establishing a prison bureau in Jiankang · Provenance: Mode: paraphrased-document · Speaker Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0011, liangshu:038:s0012
Kind: policy advice · Role: speaker · Topic: credibility of Yuan Faseng's surrender · Other Person Id: Yuan Faseng (元法僧) · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0027
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Wei Can (韋粲)
Explicit · liangshu:043:s0012
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quote: true
Explicit · liangshu:030:s0148, liangshu:030:s0149
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · liangshu:042:s0091, liangshu:042:s0092

Events and relationships

Kind: diplomatic-military · Role: imperial envoy and commander · Action: answered Yuan Faseng and directed supporting armies · Other Person Id: Yuan Faseng (元法僧) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 普通五年 · Regnal Year: 5 · Western Year: AD 524
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0026, liangshu:038:s0027, liangshu:038:s0028, liangshu:038:s0029
Kind: political · Role: addressee · Action: asked with Wang Ke to open the city to the rebels
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0339
Kind: political · Role: gatekeeper · Action: dismissed and suppressed warnings from Prince Fan and Yang Yaren, leaving the court unprepared · Other Person Ids: Prince of Poyang Fan (鄱陽王範), Yang Yaren (羊鴉仁), Hou Jing (侯景)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0051, liangshu:038:s0052
Kind: scholarly · Role: lecturer · Action: expounded the Classic of Filial Piety and Book of Changes before Gaozu · Other Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0021
Kind: personal · Role: participant · Action: gambled in groups and troubled his community while in his teens
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0006
Kind: scholarly · Role: lecturer · Action: lectured on the Changes at Xuanpu when summoned by the Crown Prince · Other Person Id: Crown Prince (皇太子) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 540
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0358
Kind: military · Role: defender · Action: mustered 3,000 men and defended the Grand Marshal's gate during Hou Jing's attack · Other Person Id: Hou Jing (侯景) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太清二年 · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 548
Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:038:s0050
Kind: educational · Role: student · Action: reformed his conduct and studied under teachers
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0007
Relation: protege-of · Person Id: Ming Shanbin (明山賓)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0015, liangshu:038:s0022
Relation: successor-in-duties-to · Person Id: Zhou She (周舍)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0031

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: was astonished by Chen Xin's terrain demonstration · Assessed Person Id: Chen Xin (陳昕) · Provenance: Mode: historian-narrative · Source Person Id: Zhu Yi (朱异)
Explicit · liangshu:032:s0132
Assessment: an extraordinary talent who would uphold the Zhu house · Assessor Person Id: Gu Huan (顧歡) · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Gu Huan (顧歡)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0005
Assessment: blamed by civil and military officials inside the besieged city · Provenance: Mode: collective-contemporary-judgment
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0053
Assessment: exceptional and the right man for Ming Shanbin's recommendation · Assessor Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝) · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0021, liangshu:038:s0022
Assessment: guilt not clarified; extraordinary honors even in death; rewards without punishment · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Yao Cha (姚察)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0351, liangshu:038:s0352
Assessment: held power for over thirty years by reading the ruler's wishes and flattering him, thereby receiving exceptional favor · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0067
Assessment: his sequence of court insignia and imperial-escort commands was unprecedented in recent times · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0068
Assessment: mature, composed, deep in capacity, lofty in presence, trustworthy, and fit for great responsibility · Assessor Person Id: Ming Shanbin (明山賓) · Provenance: Mode: quoted-memorial · Speaker Person Id: Ming Shanbin (明山賓)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0015, liangshu:038:s0016, liangshu:038:s0017, liangshu:038:s0018, liangshu:038:s0019, liangshu:038:s0020
Assessment: miserly, never generous, and wasteful of food even while withholding it from his sons · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0071, liangshu:038:s0072
Assessment: sought favor and power; could not assist his lord by the Way but only by flattery · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Yao Cha (姚察)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0349
Assessment: the rhapsody's wolves, jackals, vipers, and lizards were aimed at Zhu Yi · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0054, liangshu:038:s0055, liangshu:038:s0056, liangshu:038:s0057
Assessment: truly to blame for the rebel's ravaging of the state · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Yao Cha (姚察)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0350
Item: set of secret burial vessels / 秘器一具 · Relation: posthumously-bestowed · Authority Person Id: Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝)
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0062, liangshu:038:s0063
Item: great accumulated wealth and gifts / 財貨充積 · Relation: possessed
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0070
Item: mansion complex with terraces and pools from Chaogou to Qingxi / 自潮溝列宅至青溪，其中有臺池 · Relation: possessed-with-sons
Explicit · liangshu:038:s0069

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Chen, Chapter 29Volume 29: Zong Yuanrao; Sima Shen; Mao Xi; Cai Zheng · 2 passages

溉，〔一〕時梁州刺史陰子春、領軍朱异在焉。 Collation variant: (Gai), [1] At that time Liang inspector of Liangzhou Yin Zichun and director of the palace guard Zhu Yi were present.

子春素知申，即於坐所呼與為對，〔二〕申每有妙思，异觀而奇之，因引申遊處。 Zichun had long known Shen and immediately at the gathering called him to play a match, [2] Shen had fine conceptions each time; Yi watched and marveled, and thereafter drew Shen into his company.

Book of Liang, Chapter 8Volume 8: Crown Prince Zhaoming; Crown Prince Ai; Crown Prince Minhuai · 1 passage

司農卿明山賓、步兵校尉朱异議，稱「慕悼之解，宜終服月」。 Director of Agriculture Ming Shanbin and Colonel of Footsoldiers Zhu Yi deliberated, stating, "The interpretation of mourning tribute should run through the month of full mourning."

Book of Liang, Chapter 30Volume 30: Pei Ziye; Gu Xie; Xu Chi; Bao Quan · 2 passages

普通七年，王師北伐，敕子野爲喻魏文，受詔立成，高祖以其事體大，召尚書僕射徐勉、太子詹事周捨、鴻臚卿劉之遴、中書侍郎朱异，集壽光殿以觀之，時並嘆服。 In the seventh year of Putong, the imperial army marched north, and Ziye was ordered to compose a letter admonishing Wei. He received the edict and finished it at once. Because the matter was weighty, Emperor Wu summoned Vice Director of the Secretariat Xu Mian, Supervisor of the Heir Apparent Zhou She, Minister of Ceremonies Liu Zhilin, and Vice Director of the Secretariat Zhu Yi to gather in the Shouguang Hall to read it; all marveled at it.

領軍朱异不說，謂所親曰：「徐叟出入兩宮，漸來逼我，須早爲之所。」 Commandant-in-Chief Zhu Yi was displeased and said to those close to him, "Old Xu goes in and out of both palaces and is gradually pressing upon me; I must deal with this early."

Book of Liang, Chapter 32Volume 32: Chen Qingzhi; Lan Qin · 1 passage

詣鴻臚卿朱异，异訪北間形勢，昕聚土畫地，指麾分別，异甚奇之。 He visited Grand Herald Zhu Yi, who asked about conditions in the north. Xin piled earth to sketch a map and traced out the terrain with his finger. Yi was astonished.

Book of Liang, Chapter 38Volume 38: Zhu Yi; He Chen · 37 passages

朱异賀琛 Zhu Yi; He Chen

朱异字彥和，吳郡錢唐人也。 Zhu Yi, whose courtesy name was Yanhe, came from Qiantang in Wu Commandery.

异年數歲，外祖顧歡撫之，謂异祖昭之曰：「此兒非常器，當成卿門戶。」 While Yi was still small, his maternal grandfather Gu Huan held him on his knee and told Yi’s grandfather Zhao Zhi, "This child is no common talent—he will uphold your clan."

年二十，詣都，尚書令沈約面試之，因戲异曰：「卿年少，何乃不廉？」 At twenty he presented himself at court; Director Shen Yue tested him face to face and teased, "You are young—why so stingy?"

异逡巡未達其旨。 Yi faltered, unable to catch the point of the joke.

時异適二十一，特敕擢爲揚州議曹從事史。 Yi was just twenty-one, yet an exceptional order promoted him to clerk in Yang Province’s council office.

尋有詔求異能之士，《五經》博士明山賓表薦异曰：「竊見錢唐朱异，年時尚少，德備老成。 Before long the court called for exceptional talent; Five Classics Erudite Ming Shanbin recommended Yi, writing, "I have seen Zhu Yi of Qiantang—young in years, yet already mature in conduct.

高祖召見，使說《孝經》、《周易》義，甚悅之，謂左右曰：「朱异實異。」 The Founding Emperor received him, heard him lecture on the Classic of Filial Piety and the Book of Changes, and delighted in him, telling his attendants, "Zhu Yi is indeed exceptional."

仍召异直西省，俄兼太學博士。 He called Yi to regular duty in the Western Secretariat and shortly made him an erudite of the Imperial Academy as well.

其年，高祖自講《孝經》，使异執讀。 In that year the emperor personally expounded the Classic of Filial Piety and appointed Yi to hold the book and read.

异曰：「自王師北討，剋獲相繼，徐州地轉削弱，咸願歸罪法僧，法僧懼禍之至，其降必非偽也。」 Yi argued: "Ever since our northern campaigns began, triumph has piled on triumph; Xuzhou weakens daily, and everyone wants to blame Faseng—so, terrified of ruin, he cannot be faking his surrender."

高祖仍遣异報法僧，並敕衆軍應接，受异節度。 The emperor dispatched Yi to answer Faseng and directed the field armies to cooperate, all under Yi’s direction.

旣至，法僧遵承朝旨，如异策焉。 On arrival Yi found Faseng obeying the court’s orders exactly as he had predicted.

自周舍卒後，异代掌機謀，方鎮改換，朝儀國典，詔誥敕書，並兼掌之。 When Zhou She died, Yi inherited control of state planning—frontier appointments, court ritual, national statutes, and every edict and order flowed through him.

异屬辭落紙，覽事下議，縱橫敏贍，不暫停筆，頃刻之間，諸事便了。 He drafted as he scanned, glanced at a case and sent it on for debate—swift, fluent, brush never still—and within moments the stack was cleared.

大同四年，遷右衛將軍。 In Datong 4, Yi was promoted to General of the Right Guard.

六年，异啓於儀賢堂奉述高祖《老子義》，敕許之。 In the sixth year, Yi petitioned to reverently expound Gaozu's Meaning of the Laozi in Yixian Hall, and an edict permitted it.

時城西又開士林館以延學士，异與左丞賀琛遞日述高祖《禮記中庸義》，皇太子又召异於玄圃講《易》。 At the time, the Shilin Hall west of the city was also opened to host scholars. Yi and Left Assistant Director He Chen took turns by day expounding Gaozu's Meaning of the Doctrine of the Mean in the Book of Rites, and the crown prince also summoned Yi to Xuanpu to lecture on the Changes.

高祖夢中原平，舉朝稱慶，旦以語异，异對曰：「此宇內方一之征。」 The emperor dreamed the north was pacified; courtiers rejoiced. At dawn he told Yi, who answered, "It foretells the unification of the empire."

异探高祖微旨，應聲答曰：「聖明御宇，上應蒼玄，北土遺黎，誰不慕仰？ Reading the emperor’s mind, Yi answered immediately: "Under your sage rule, answering heaven above, every survivor in the north looks to you with longing—

高祖深納异言，又感前夢，遂納之。 The emperor embraced Yi’s counsel, remembered his dream, and accepted Hou Jing.

敕有司定議，异又以和爲允，高祖果從之。 The throne ordered deliberation; Yi again favored peace, and the emperor agreed.

又致書與异，辭意甚切，异但述敕旨以報之。 He wrote to Yi as well, his tone sharp; Yi answered solely by citing the emperor’s orders.

八月，景遂舉兵反，以討异爲名。 In the eighth month Hou Jing rebelled, naming his cause the punishment of Zhu Yi.

募兵得三千人，及景至，仍以其衆守大司馬門。 Yi mustered three thousand men and, when Hou Jing came, still held the Grand Marshal’s gate with them.

初，景謀反，合州刺史鄱陽王範、司州刺史羊鴉仁並累有啓聞，异以景孤立寄命，必不應爾，乃謂使者：「鄱陽王遂不許國家有一客！」 Before the revolt, Prince Fan of Poyang and Governor Yang Yarén of Si had sent repeated warnings; Yi, believing Hou Jing isolated and clinging to the court’s protection, would never dare rebel, told their couriers, "The Prince of Poyang will not even let the state keep one guest!"

蓋以指异。 The lines plainly targeted Yi.

异因慚憤，發病卒，時年六十七。 Stung by shame and anger, Yi took ill and died at sixty-seven.

詔曰：「故中領軍异，器宇弘通，才力優贍，諮謀帷幄，多歷年所。 The edict read: "The late Central Commander-in-Chief Yi bore a great and open mind and ample talent; for years he counseled within the command tent.

舊尚書官不以爲贈，及异卒，高祖惜之，方議贈事。 Formerly secretariat posts were not granted posthumously; when Yi died the emperor grieved and debated what honor to give.

左右有善异者，乃啓曰：「异忝曆雖多，然平生所懷，願得執法。」 An attendant who admired Yi submitted: "For all his long service, his lifelong wish was to wield the law."

异居權要三十餘年，善窺人主意曲，能阿諛以承上旨，故特被寵任。 For over thirty years Yi stood at the center of power, reading every nuance of the emperor’s mood, flattering and aligning with his wishes until favor became absolute.

异及諸子自潮溝列宅至青溪，其中有臺池翫好，每暇日與賓客遊焉。 Yi and his sons strung mansions from Chaogou to Qingxi, with gardens and pools for delight, and on leisure days entertained guests there.

賊尋攻陷城，放兵殺害，琛被槍未至死，賊求得之，轝至闕下，求見僕射王克、領軍朱异，勸開城納賊。 The rebels soon broke the city and unleashed slaughter. Chen was speared but lived. They found him, bore him in a litter to the palace gate, and demanded Wang Ke, Vice Director, and Zhu Yi, Commander of the Army, begging them to open the gates to the rebels.

朱异、賀琛並起微賤，以經術逢時，致於貴顯，符其言矣。 Zhu Yi and He Chen both rose from humble beginnings; the classics brought them to high rank in their day—exactly as he said.

而异遂徼寵倖，任事居權，不能以道佐君，苟取容媚。 Yet Yi sought favor and power, held office, and could not guide his lord by the Way—only by pleasing and flattering.

及延寇敗國，實异之由。 When the rebel ravaged the realm, the blame was truly Yi's.

Book of Liang, Chapter 42Volume 42: Zang Dun; Zang Jue; Fu Qi · 4 passages

在禁省十餘年，機事密勿亞於朱异。 For more than ten years in the forbidden precinct he handled confidential affairs, second only to Zhu Yi.

左衛朱异曰：「高澄此意，當復欲繼好，不爽前和； Left Guard Zhu Yi said, "Gao Cheng's intent is surely to renew good relations and not break the prior peace;

朱异等固執，高祖遂從異議。 Zhu Yi and the rest held firm; the Founding Emperor followed Yi's counsel.

十月，入寇京師，請誅朱异。 In the tenth month he invaded the capital and asked that Zhu Yi be executed.

Book of Liang, Chapter 43Volume 43: Wei Can; Jiang Ziyi; Jiang Zisi; Jiang Ziwu; Zhang Sheng; Shen Jun; Liu Jingli · 2 passages

右衛朱异嘗於酒席厲色謂粲曰：「卿何得已作領軍面向人！」 Right Guard Zhu Yi once said to Can at a banquet in harsh tones, "How dare you already act like a commandant of the army before people!"

其姑夫右衛將軍朱异，權要當朝，休下之日，賓客輻湊，子一未嘗造門，其高潔如此。 His uncle by marriage, Right Guard Zhu Yi, held power; on days off guests crowded in—but Ziyi never came to his gate; such was his lofty purity.