Song, Liao, and Jin · Ruler

Emperor Shizu 世祖

Shìzǔ

Attested AD 1254 - AD 1332

Passages: 55
Chapters: 12
Histories: 3

Overview

The translated histories identify Emperor Shizu as a general, royal family member, and ruler. This record brings together 55 passages from 12 chapters across 3 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Emperor Shizu	世祖	Shìzǔ
Title	Emperor	帝
Temple name	Emperor Shizu	世祖	Shìzǔ
Title	Emperor Shizu	世祖皇帝
Temple	Emperor Shizu	世祖	Shizu
Personal name	Kublai
Personal	Kublai
Personal name	Kublai		Hubilie
Personal	Kublai		Kublai
Personal	Kublai	世祖
Title	sage Son of Heaven	聖天子
Title	Sagely in Virtue and Divine in Merit, Martial and Civil Emperor	聖德神功文武皇帝
Temple name	Shizu	世祖
Temple name	Shizu	世祖	Shizu
Temple	Shizu	世祖	Shizu
Temple	Shizu	世祖
Temple	Shizu	世祖	Shìzǔ
Title	Shizu Emperor	世祖皇帝

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · liaoshi:117:s0029, songshi:497:s0006, yuanshi:037:s0024, yuanshi:102:s0008, yuanshi:102:s0020, yuanshi:106:s0018, yuanshi:109:s0011, yuanshi:109:s0012, yuanshi:109:s0013, yuanshi:109:s0020, yuanshi:109:s0035, yuanshi:109:s0038, yuanshi:114:s0005, yuanshi:116:s0002, yuanshi:171:s0042
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · yuanshi:102:s0317, yuanshi:192:s0019, yuanshi:204:s0006

Roles

General
Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Manner: Unknown · Statement: 世祖崩
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0040

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 至元十一年 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Regnal Year: 11 · Western Year: AD 1274
Explicit · yuanshi:192:s0019
Source Date: Text: 至元二年 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 1265
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:116:s0003
Source Date: Text: 至元二十八年 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Regnal Year: 28 · Western Year: AD 1291
Explicit · yuanshi:171:s0042, yuanshi:171:s0031
Source Date: Text: 至元三十年 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Regnal Year: 30 · Western Year: AD 1293
Explicit · yuanshi:171:s0055, yuanshi:171:s0056
Source Date: Text: 世祖以來 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Western Interval: Start: AD 1264 · End: AD 1294
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0012
Source Date: Text: 世祖謂宰臣曰 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Western Interval: Start: AD 1264 · End: AD 1294
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0020
Source Date: Text: 及世祖平宋 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Western Year: AD 1279
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:102:s0008
Source Date: Text: 至元 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Western Interval: Start: AD 1264 · End: AD 1294
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0008
Source Date: Text: 丁巳 · Western Year: AD 1257
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:191:s0025, yuanshi:191:s0026
Source Date: Text: 世祖 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1260 · End: AD 1294
Explicit · yuanshi:106:s0018
Source Date: Text: 世祖 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1260 · End: AD 1294
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:109:s0011, yuanshi:109:s0012, yuanshi:109:s0013, yuanshi:109:s0020, yuanshi:109:s0035, yuanshi:109:s0038
Source Date: Text: 世祖所賜 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1264 · End: AD 1294
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:102:s0317
Source Date: Text: 世祖至元二年十二月 · Western Year: AD 1265
Explicit · yuanshi:114:s0005
Source Date: Text: 中統元年 · Western Year: AD 1260
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:191:s0027
Source Date: Text: 入見世祖 · Western Year: AD 1279
Explicit · yuanshi:204:s0089
Source Date: Text: 六十餘年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1271 · End: AD 1283
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:117:s0029, liaoshi:117:s0030, liaoshi:117:s0031, liaoshi:117:s0039
Source Date: Text: 初由宗邸親總大軍 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1260 · End: AD 1279
Explicit event contextual date · songshi:497:s0006, songshi:497:s0008
Source Date: Text: 甲寅 · Western Year: AD 1254
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:191:s0023
Source Date: Text: 至元二十年 · Western Year: AD 1283
Explicit · yuanshi:106:s0022
Source Date: Text: 至順三年 · Western Year: AD 1332
Explicit event contextual date · yuanshi:037:s0022, yuanshi:037:s0024

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Ancestor of Tuohui (妥妥輝)
Kinship Term: granddaughter / 孫女 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Tuotuohui (脫脫灰)
Kinship Term: granddaughter / 孫女 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Yexiantiemuer (也先帖木兒)
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Ananda (阿難答)
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Emperor Shundi (順帝)
Kinship Term: ancestor / 祖宗 · Line: paternal
Child of Sorghaghtani Beki (唆魯和帖尼)
Kinship Term: bore / 生子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son
Spouse of Babuhan (八八罕)
Kinship Term: consort / 妃子 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Sabuhu (撒不忽)
Kinship Term: consort / 妃子 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Parent of Zhenjin (Yuzong) (裕宗真金)
Kinship Term: crown prince / 太子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Parent of Wuluzhen (吾魯真)
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Hudulujianmishi (忽都魯堅迷失)
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Nangjiazhen (囊家真)
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Yuelie (月烈)
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Spouse of Chabi (察必)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage · Subject Role: wife · Object Role: husband
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Nanbi (南必)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage
Spouse of Talqai (塔剌海)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Boyaowuzhen (伯要兀真)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Nuhan (奴罕)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Kuokuolun (闊闊倫)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Sugedali (速哥答思里)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Spouse of Chabi (察必)
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage
Spouse of Tegulün (帖古倫)
Kinship Term: great empress / 大皇后 · Union Category: marriage · Relationship State: active
Child of Tolui (拖雷)
Kinship Term: sons / 生子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: founder of agricultural commissioners in each circuit / 始立各道勸農使 · Action: established
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0005
Label: commander of all armies under heaven / 總天下兵 · Action: held
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0024
Title: prince with domain at Jingzhao / 開籓京兆 · Action: held
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0024
Status: emperor · Action: held
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0008, yuanshi:102:s0020
Status: imperial younger brother · Action: held
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0024
Action: stripped of military command · Authority Person Id: Xianzong (憲宗) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 丁巳 · Western Year: AD 1257
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0025
Action: ascended throne · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中統元年 · Western Year: AD 1260
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0027
Action: ascended · Place: northern throne / 乾御
Explicit · songshi:497:s0006

Places and affiliations

Polity: Yuan / 元 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · yuanshi:204:s0006, yuanshi:204:s0089
Polity Id: yuan · Relation: associated-with
Strongly inferred · yuanshi:037:s0024, yuanshi:109:s0011, yuanshi:109:s0012, yuanshi:109:s0013, yuanshi:109:s0020, yuanshi:109:s0035, yuanshi:109:s0038
Polity Id: yuan · Relation: associated-with
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0002
Polity Id: yuan · Relation: ruled
Explicit · liaoshi:117:s0029, yuanshi:102:s0008, yuanshi:102:s0012, yuanshi:102:s0020, yuanshi:102:s0317, yuanshi:192:s0019
Polity Id: yuan · Relation: ruled
Strongly inferred · yuanshi:106:s0018
Polity Id: yuan · Relation: served
Explicit · songshi:497:s0006
Place: princely residence / 宗邸 · Relation: resided-at
Explicit · songshi:497:s0006

Works and attributed material

Work: Regulations of the Zhiyuan Era / 至元新格 · Relation: promulgator · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 至元 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Western Interval: Start: AD 1264 · End: AD 1294
Strongly inferred · yuanshi:102:s0008
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true · Audience: chief ministers / 宰臣
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0020, yuanshi:102:s0021
Kind: narrative · Role: subject · Mode: narration
Explicit · songshi:497:s0006, songshi:497:s0007, songshi:497:s0008, songshi:497:s0009, songshi:497:s0010, songshi:497:s0011
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Liu Yin (劉因)
Explicit · yuanshi:171:s0055
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Chabi (察必)
Explicit · yuanshi:114:s0045, yuanshi:114:s0051, yuanshi:114:s0052
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0030

Events and relationships

Kind: grant · Role: grantor · Action: bestowed monastic fields exempt from tax grain · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 世祖所賜 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1264 · End: AD 1294
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0317
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: conquered · Label: conquered the Song and unified the realm / 平宋，疆理混一 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 及世祖平宋 · Reign Id: yuan-zhiyuan · Western Year: AD 1279 · Other Polity: Song / 宋
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0008
Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: gathered-books-elevated-song-officials-archived-song-history
Explicit · songshi:497:s0010
Kind: domestic · Role: actor · Action: granted-attendant-Guo · Other Person Id: Guo (郭氏)
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0067
Kind: travel · Role: hunter · Action: hunted-and-sought-kumiss
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0023, yuanshi:116:s0024, yuanshi:116:s0025, yuanshi:116:s0029, yuanshi:116:s0030
Kind: administrative · Role: ruler · Action: instituted five-part evaluation of prefects and magistrates
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0005
Kind: legal · Role: actor · Action: instructed-delay-of-execution · Label: ordered ministers to delay executing condemned persons when he was angry and to report back after a day or two / 朕或怒，有罪者使汝殺，汝勿殺，必遲回一二日乃覆奏
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0020
Kind: military · Role: ruler · Action: ordered-campaign · Place: Jincheng / 晉城
Explicit · yuanshi:192:s0019
Kind: scholarly · Role: commissioner · Action: ordered-compilation-of-three-histories · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘗敕詞臣，撰次三史，首及於遼 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1271 · End: AD 1283
Explicit · liaoshi:117:s0030
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: pacified-yangtze-han-captured-xiang-fan · Place: Xiangyang and Fancheng / 襄、樊
Explicit · songshi:497:s0008
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: personally-commanded-great-army
Explicit · songshi:497:s0006
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: punitive-campaign-and-unification
Explicit · songshi:497:s0009, songshi:497:s0011
Kind: travel · Role: traveler · Action: returned from Dali · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 甲寅 · Western Year: AD 1254
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0023
Kind: domestic · Role: actor · Action: took-as-crown-princess · Other Person Id: Bolan Yeqiechi (伯藍也怯赤)
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0033
Relation: evaluated-governors-with · Person Id: Liu Bingzhong (劉秉忠)
Explicit · yuanshi:191:s0039
Relation: predecessor-of · Person Id: Emperor Shundi (順帝)
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:117:s0029, liaoshi:117:s0032

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: humane restraint in capital punishment; even ancient humane rulers could hardly surpass these words · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0021
Assessment: like the ancient unsummonable ministers · Other Person Id: Liu Yin (劉因) · Provenance: Mode: named-person · Speaker Person Id: Emperor Shizu (世祖)
Explicit · yuanshi:171:s0055
Assessment: treated all peoples alike with compassion · Provenance: Mode: speaker · Speaker Person Id: Toqto'a (脫脫)
Explicit · liaoshi:117:s0029
Assessment: worthy and virtuous daughter-in-law · Other Person Id: Bolan Yeqiechi (伯藍也怯赤) · Provenance: Mode: named-person-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Emperor Shizu (世祖)
Explicit · yuanshi:116:s0034
Item: fields bestowed on monasteries / 所賜田土 · Relation: bestowed
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0317

Source notes

Historicity: historical
Explicit · yuanshi:102:s0317, yuanshi:109:s0011, yuanshi:109:s0012, yuanshi:109:s0013, yuanshi:109:s0020, yuanshi:109:s0035, yuanshi:109:s0038, yuanshi:204:s0089

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Liao, Chapter 117Appendix: History of the Liao Table · 1 passage

我世祖皇帝一視同仁，深加湣惻。 Our Emperor Shizu treated all peoples alike with compassion and was deeply moved to pity.

History of Song, Chapter 497Volume 497: Appendix: History of Song Table Revision of Official Titles · 1 passage

欽惟世祖聖德神功文武皇帝，初由宗邸親總大軍，龍旂出指於離方，羽葆歸登於乾御，櫛風沐雨，詎辭跋履之勞； We respectfully consider Emperor Shizu, Sagely in Virtue and Divine in Merit, Martial and Civil, who at first from his princely residence personally took command of the great army, sent the dragon banner forth toward the south, and with the feather canopy returned to ascend the northern throne—braving wind and rain and never shrinking from the hardship of long campaigns;

History of Yuan, Chapter 37Volume 37 Annals 37: Ningzong · 1 passage

世祖皇帝，統一萬方； the Shizu Emperor, who unified the myriad regions;

History of Yuan, Chapter 102Volume 102 Treatises 55: Punishment and Law 1 · 4 passages

及世祖平宋，疆理混一，由是簡除繁苛，始定新律，頒之有司，號曰《至元新格》。 After Kublai conquered the Song and unified the realm, redundant and oppressive provisions were cut away, a new code was drawn up, and issued to the bureaucracy under the title Regulations of the Zhiyuan Era.

凡詔制為條九十有四，條格為條一千一百五十有一，斷例為條七百十有七，大概纂集世祖以來法制事例而已。 It contains ninety-four articles of edicts and institutions, 1,151 regulatory articles, and 717 adjudicated precedents—essentially a digest of legal practice from Kublai's reign onward.

世祖謂宰臣曰：「朕或怒，有罪者使汝殺，汝勿殺，必遲回一二日乃覆奏。」 Kublai told his ministers: "When I am angry and tell you to execute a criminal, do not obey at once—wait a day or two, then report back to me."

諸各寺院稅糧，除前宋所有常住及世祖所賜田土免納稅糧外，已後諸人布施並己力典買者，依例納糧。 Monastery lands are taxed except for former Song endowments and fields granted by Kublai; later donations and purchased lands pay tax as usual.

History of Yuan, Chapter 106Volume 106 Tables 1: Empresses and Consorts · 2 passages

世祖 Shizu (Kublai)

帖古倫大皇后右大斡耳朵察必皇后（弘吉列氏，魯忠武王按嗔那顏女也。中統初立為皇后，至元十年授冊寶，尋又上尊號曰貞懿昭順天睿文光應皇后。十八年崩，三十一年上尊諡曰昭睿順聖皇后。后性明敏，達於事機，至元之政，左右彌縫，當時以為蓋有力焉。）南必皇后（弘吉列氏。至元二十年納為皇后，時世祖春秋高，后頗預政，相臣常不得見帝，輒因后奏事焉。）右第二斡耳朵塔剌海皇后奴罕皇后右第三斡耳朵伯要兀真皇后闊闊倫皇后右第四斡耳朵八八罕妃子右見歲賜錄，不知所守斡耳朵。速哥答（思）里皇后（泰定三年詔守世祖斡耳朵。）撒不忽妃子 Great Empress Tegulün. Right Great Orda: Empress Chabi (Kongirat, daughter of the loyal and martial King Anchannayan of Lu; made empress at the start of the Zhongtong era, invested with seal and regalia in 1273, and soon given the honorific Empress Zhenyi Zhaoshun Tianrui Wenguang Ying; she died in 1281 and was posthumously titled Empress Zhaorui Shunsheng in 1294. Intelligent and politically astute, she was widely thought to have significantly shaped Zhiyuan-era governance). Empress Nanbi (Kongirat; taken as empress in 1283 when Kublai was elderly; she often intervened in government, and ministers who could not reach the emperor would report through her). Right Second Orda: Empress Talahai; Empress Nuhan. Right Third Orda: Empress Boyaowuzhen; Empress Kuokuolun. Right Fourth Orda: Consort Babuhan (listed in the annual grant register but with no orda recorded). Empress Sugedali (in 1326 ordered by edict to maintain Kublai's orda). Consort Sabuhu.

History of Yuan, Chapter 109Volume 109 Tables 4: Princesses · 7 passages

昌國大長公主帖木倫，烈祖女，適昌忠武王孛禿，主薨，繼室以太祖女昌國大長公主火臣別吉。昌國大長公主亦乞列思，適孛禿子帖堅干，繼室以昌國大長公主茶倫。昌國大長公主安禿，太宗子闊出女，適孛禿子昌武定王瑣兒哈。吾魯真公主，世祖女，適帖木干子孛花。昌國大長公主也孫真，適鎖兒哈子昌（武）忠靖王札忽爾陳。魯魯罕公主，適孛花弟寧昌郡王唆都哥。繼室以魯倫公主。昌國大長公主伯雅倫，憲宗女，適札忽爾陳子昌忠宣王忽鄰。繼室以昌國大長公主卜蘭奚。普顏可里美思公主，適唆都哥子寧昌郡王不鄰吉歹。昌國大長公主益里海涯，成宗女，適忽鄰子昌王阿失。繼室以昌國大長公主買的，憲宗曾孫女也。昌國大長公主烟合牙，適昌王八剌失里。昌國大長公主月魯，適八剌失里子昌王沙藍朵兒。奴兀倫公主，安西王女，適忽鄰弟瑣郎哈。 Grand Princess of Chang, Temülün, daughter of the founding ancestor, married Bo'ertu, the loyal and martial King of Chang. After her death, Taizu's daughter Grand Princess of Chang Huochen Bieji became his successor consort. Grand Princess of Chang Yiqiliesi married Bo'ertu's son Tieqian'gan; after her death, Grand Princess of Chang Chalun succeeded her. Grand Princess of Chang Antu, daughter of Ögedei's son Kuochu, married Bo'ertu's son Suo'erha, the martial and stabilizing King of Chang. Princess Wuluzhen, Kublai's daughter, married Tieqian'gan's son Bohua. Grand Princess of Chang Yesunzhen married Suo'erha's son Zhahuer Chen, the loyal and tranquil King of Chang. Princess Luluhan married Bohua's younger brother Soduge, Prince of Ningchang; Princess Lulun was the successor consort. Grand Princess of Chang Boyalun, Möngke's daughter, married Zhahuer Chen's son Hulin, the loyal and illustrious King of Chang; Grand Princess of Chang Bulanxi succeeded her. Princess Puyan Kelimeisi married Soduge's son Bulinjidai, Prince of Ningchang. Grand Princess of Chang Yili Haiya, Temür's daughter, married Hulin's son Ashi, King of Chang; Grand Princess of Chang Maidi, a great-granddaughter of Möngke, was the successor consort. Grand Princess of Chang Yanheya married King of Chang Balashili. Grand Princess of Chang Yuelu married Balashili's son King of Chang Shalanduo'er. Princess Nuwulun, daughter of the Prince of Anxi, married Hulin's younger brother Suolangha.

趙國大長公主阿剌海別吉，太祖女，適趙武毅王孛要合。獨木干公主，睿宗女，適拜哈弟鄃王聶古䚟。趙國大長公主月烈，世祖女，適拜哈子趙武襄王愛不花。趙國大長公主葉里迷失，定宗女，適孛（答）要合子趙忠襄王君不花。趙國大長公主忽答迭迷失，裕宗女，適（君）愛不花子趙忠獻王闊里吉思，繼室以趙國大長公主愛牙（迷）失里，成宗女也。趙國大長公主亦憐真，適君不花子趙忠烈王囊家台。趙國大長公主回紇，適君不花弟趙康禧王喬鄰察。趙國大長公主阿失禿魯，適愛不花子鄃忠襄王朮忽難。大長公主（桑）速哥八剌，適囊家台子趙王馬札罕。 Grand Princess of Zhao Alahaibieji, Genghis's daughter, married Boyaohe, the martial and resolute King of Zhao. Princess Dumugan, Tolui's daughter, married Baiha's younger brother Nieguqi, Prince of Yu. Grand Princess of Zhao Yuelie, Kublai's daughter, married Baiha's son Aibuhua, the martial and supportive King of Zhao. Grand Princess of Zhao Yelimi Shi, Güyük's daughter, married Boyaohe's son Junbuhua, the loyal and supportive King of Zhao. Grand Princess of Zhao Hudadiemi Shi, Zhenjin's daughter, married Aibuhua's son Kuolijisi, the loyal and offering King of Zhao; Temür's daughter Grand Princess of Zhao Aiyamishili was the successor consort. Grand Princess of Zhao Yilianzhen married Junbuhua's son Nangjiatai, the loyal and stern King of Zhao. Grand Princess of Zhao Huihe married Junbuhua's younger brother Qiaolincha, the joyous and auspicious King of Zhao. Grand Princess of Zhao Ashitulu married Aibuhua's son Zhuhunan, the loyal and supportive King of Yu. Grand Princess Sugabieba married Nangjiatai's son Mazahan, King of Zhao.

魯國大長公主也速不花，睿宗女也，適皇國舅魯忠武王按嗔那顏子斡陳駙馬。魯國公主薛只干，太祖孫女，適斡陳弟納陳駙馬。魯國長公主完澤，適斡陳男斡羅真駙馬。魯國大長公主囊家真，世祖女，適納陳子帖木兒，再適帖木兒弟蠻子台。魯國大長公主南阿不剌，裕宗女，適蠻子台。魯國徽文懿福（真）貞壽大長公主祥哥剌吉，順宗女，適帖木兒子[弓+周]阿不剌。魯國大長公主普納，適帖木兒子魯王桑哥不剌。肅雍賢寧公主朵兒只班，適[弓+周]阿八剌子阿里嘉實利。大長公主拜塔沙，適按陳裔孫買住罕。台忽普都公主，適按陳裔孫安遠王丑漢。唆兒哈罕公主，太宗女，適按陳孫納合。斡可真公主，適火忽孫不只兒。不魯罕公主，適特薛禪孫脫羅禾，繼室以仁宗女闊闊倫公主。 Grand Princess of Lu Yesubuhua, also Tolui's daughter, married the son of the imperial uncle of Lu, the loyal and martial King Anchannayan—Consort Wochen. Princess Xuezhigan, a granddaughter of Genghis, married Wochen's younger brother Consort Nachen. Grand Princess of Lu Wanzhe married Wochen's son Consort Woluozhen. Grand Princess of Lu Nangjiazhen, Kublai's daughter, married Nachen's son Tiemuer and later his younger brother Manzitai. Grand Princess of Lu Nan'abula, Zhenjin's daughter, married Manzitai. Grand Princess of Lu Xianggezhiji, titled Huiwen Yifu Zhenshou, Shunzong's daughter, married Tiemuer's son Jiu'abulu. Grand Princess of Lu Puna married Tiemuer's son Sanggebula, King of Lu. Princess Suyong Xianning Duorizhiban married Jiu'abula's son Alijiashili. Grand Princess Baitasha married a descendant of Anchannayan, Maizhuhan. Princess Taihupudu married a descendant of Anchannayan, Chouhan, King of Anyuan. Princess Suo'erhahan, Ögedei's daughter, married Anchannayan's grandson Nahe. Princess Wokezhen married Huohu's grandson Buzhier. Princess Buluhan married Texuechan's grandson Tuoluohe; Renzong's daughter Princess Kuokuolun was the successor consort.

也立（可）安敦公主，太祖女，適亦都護巴而述阿兒忒的斤。巴巴哈兒公主，定宗女，適巴而述阿而忒的斤曾孫亦都護火赤哈兒的斤。不魯罕公主，太宗孫女，適火赤哈兒子高昌王紐林的斤。主薨，繼室以其妹八卜叉公主。又薨，繼室以兀剌真公主，世祖之孫安西王阿難答女也。朵而只思蠻公主，太宗之子闊（瑞）端之女，適高昌王帖睦兒補化。 Princess Yiliandun, Genghis's daughter, married the Iduhu (Protector-General) Barishu Aiertedijin. Princess Babaha'er, Güyük's daughter, married the Iduhu Huochiha'erdedijin, great-grandson of Barishu Aiertedijin. Princess Buluhan, Ögedei's granddaughter, married Huochiha'erdedijin's son Niulin'sijin, King of Gaochang. After her death, her younger sister Princess Babacha became the successor consort; when Babacha died as well, Princess Wulazhen, daughter of Kublai's grandson Ananda, Prince of Anxi, succeeded her. Princess Duo'erzhi Siman, daughter of Ögedei's son Kuoduan, married Timuer Buhua, King of Gaochang.

齊國大長公主忽都魯堅迷失，世祖之女，適高麗王愖，即王昛也。薊國大長公主高麗王妃卜答失利，顯宗女，適瀋王王謜，即王璋也。濮國長公主高麗王妃亦憐只班，世祖之孫營王也先帖木兒女，適瀋王王燾。主薨，繼室以曹國長公主高麗王妃金童，順宗子魏王女也。 □國公主，顯宗之子梁王松山女，適瀋王王暠。 Grand Princess of Qi Hudulujianmi Shi, Kublai's daughter, married King Chun of Goryeo—that is, King Wang Hao. Grand Princess of Ji, the Goryeo consort Budashili, daughter of Manggala, married Prince Wang Yan of Shen—that is, Wang Zhang. Princess of Pu, the Goryeo consort Yilianzhiban, daughter of Kublai's grandson Yexiantiemuer, Prince of Ying, married Prince Wang Tao of Shen. After her death, the Goryeo consort Jintong, Princess of Cao and daughter of the Wei Prince, son of Shunzong, became the successor consort. A princess of an unnamed state, daughter of Manggala's son Prince Songshan of Liang, married Prince Wang Gao of Shen.

火魯公主，適哈答駙馬。闊闊干公主，適脫（亦禾）欒赤駙馬。脫脫灰公主，世祖孫女，適禿滿答兒駙馬。 □□公主，適別里迷失駙馬。 □□公主，適沙藍駙馬。延安公主，適延安王也不干。 Princess Huolu married Consort Hada. Princess Kuokuogan married Consort Tuoluan Chi. Princess Tuotuohui, a granddaughter of Kublai, married Consort Tumanda'er. A princess name unreadable in source married Consort Bielimishi. A princess name unreadable in source married Consort Shalan. Princess Yan'an married Yebugan, King of Yan'an.

完者台公主，適永寧王卯澤。英壽大長公主妥（安）妥輝，世祖孫女也。壽寧大長公主，顯宗女，泰定皇帝伯姊也。明慧貞懿大長公主不答昔你，明宗之女。 □□公主，適合納那顏孫奔忒古兒駙馬。買買公主。阿剌歹公主。木答里公主。雪雪的斤公主。阿失禿公主。失憐答里公主。 Princess Wanzhetai married Maozhe, King of Yongning. Grand Princess Yingshou Tuohui was also a granddaughter of Kublai. Grand Princess Shouning, daughter of Manggala, was the paternal aunt of Emperor Taiding. Grand Princess Minghui Zhenyi Budaxini was a daughter of Qoshila. A princess name unreadable in source married Henanayan's grandson Consort Benteguer. Princess Maimai. Princess Aladai. Princess Mudali. Princess Xuexuedejin. Princess Ashitu. Princess Shiliandali.

History of Yuan, Chapter 114Volume 114 Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts 1 · 4 passages

世祖至元二年十二月，追謚光獻翼聖皇后。 In the twelfth month of Zhiyuan 2, Kublai posthumously enfeoffed her as Empress Guangxian Yisheng.

世祖昭睿順聖皇后，名察必，弘吉剌氏，濟寧忠武王按陳之女也。 Shizu's Empress Zhaorui Shunsheng was Chabi, of the Kongirat clan and daughter of Anchün, loyal and martial King of Jining.

升祔世祖廟。 Her tablet was elevated to join Shizu in the ancestral temple.

時世祖春秋高，頗預政，相臣常不得見帝，輒因后奏事焉。 At that time Kublai was advanced in years and the empress often participated in government; chief ministers frequently could not see the emperor and would present affairs through the empress instead.

History of Yuan, Chapter 116Volume 116 Biographies 3: Empresses and Consorts 2 · 13 passages

睿宗顯懿莊聖皇后，名唆魯和帖尼，怯烈氏，生子憲宗、世祖，相繼為帝。 Empress Xianyi Zhuang Sheng of Emperor Ruizong Tolui was named Sorghaghtani Beki of the Kereit. She bore Möngke and Kublai, each of whom in turn became emperor.

先是世祖出田獵，道渴，至一帳房，見一女子緝駝茸，世祖從覓馬湩。 Earlier, when Kublai went out hunting, he grew thirsty on the road, came to a tent, and saw a girl sewing camel hair. He asked her for kumiss.

世祖欲去之。 Kublai was about to leave.

出馬湩飲世祖。 They brought out kumiss for Kublai to drink.

世祖既去，嘆息曰：「得此等女子為人家婦，豈不美耶！」 After Kublai had gone, he sighed and said, "To obtain a girl like this as a wife for one's household — would it not be fine!"

后與諸臣謀擇太子妃，世祖俱不允。 Later the empress and the ministers deliberated on choosing a crown princess, but Kublai would not approve any of them.

有一老臣嘗知向者之言，知其未許嫁，言於世祖。 An old minister had once heard what Kublai had said. Knowing that the girl was not yet betrothed, he spoke of it to Kublai.

世祖大喜，納為太子妃。 Kublai was greatly pleased and took her in as crown princess.

后性孝謹，善事中宮，世祖每稱之為賢德媳婦。 The consort was by nature filial and careful and good at serving the inner palace. Kublai always called her a worthy and virtuous daughter-in-law.

一日，裕宗有病，世祖往視，見床上設織金臥褥。 One day Zhenjin was ill. Kublai went to visit and saw a brocaded gold sleeping mat on the bed.

世祖慍而語之曰：「我嘗以汝為賢，何乃若此耶？」 Kublai grew angry and said to her, "I once regarded you as worthy. How can you be like this?"

世祖崩，成宗至上都，諸王畢會。 When Kublai died, Temür arrived at Shangdu and all the princes assembled.

裕宗居燕邸及潮河，順宗俱在侍，稍長，世祖賜女侍郭氏，後乃納后為妃，生武宗及仁宗。 When Zhenjin resided at the Yan residence and at Chaohe, Darmabala was always in attendance. When he grew somewhat older, Kublai granted him the attendant Guo, and later he took Daji as consort. She bore Külüg Khan and Ayurbarwada, who became Emperors Wuzong and Renzong.

History of Yuan, Chapter 171Volume 171 Biographies 58: Liu Yin, Wu Cheng · 4 passages

今聖天子選用賢良，一新時政，雖前日隱晦之人，亦將出而仕矣，況因平昔非隱晦者邪！ Now the sage Son of Heaven is selecting worthy men and renewing the policies of the age. Even those who were formerly obscure will come forth to serve—how much more should one who was never obscure!

書上，朝廷不強致，帝聞之，亦曰：「古有所謂不召之臣，其斯人之徒歟！」 When the letter was submitted, the court did not press him further. When the Emperor heard of it, he said, "Of old there were the so-called ministers who would not come when summoned—is this such a man?"

以世祖之略，而遇不能致之兩生。 under the strategic grasp of Emperor Shizu one meets the two scholars who could not be summoned.

澄議曰：「世祖混一天下，悉考古制而行之。 Wu Cheng submitted his opinion, saying, "Emperor Shizu unified the realm under Heaven and broadly investigated ancient institutions in implementing them.

History of Yuan, Chapter 191Volume 191 Biographies 78: Virtuous Officials 1 · 12 passages

世祖始立各道勸農使，又用五事課守令，以勸農係其銜。 Kublai first appointed agricultural commissioners in each circuit and evaluated prefects and county magistrates on five criteria, tying promotion to the encouragement of farming.

甲寅，世祖還自大理，澄進見，留籓府，凡遣使，必以澄偕，而以其弟山阜為交城令。 In jiayin, when Kublai returned from Dali, Cheng was summoned to audience and retained at the princely headquarters. Whenever an envoy was dispatched, Cheng went along, while his younger brother Shanfu was appointed magistrate of Jiaocheng.

時世祖以皇弟開籓京兆，總天下兵。 At that time Kublai, as the emperor's younger brother, had established his princely domain at Jingzhao and commanded all armies under heaven.

遣阿藍答兒往京兆，大集官吏，置計局百四十二條以考核之，罪者甚眾，世祖每遣左丞闊闊與澄周旋其間，以彌縫其缺，及親入朝，事乃釋。 Möngke dispatched Ala'er to Jingzhao, summoned a mass gathering of officials, and imposed one hundred and forty-two audit regulations by which to investigate them; a great many were found guilty. Kublai repeatedly sent Left Assistant Minister Kökö and Cheng to intervene and mitigate the damage, and only when he went to court in person was the matter finally settled.

中統元年，世祖即位，擢懷孟路總管，俄賜金符，換金虎符。 In the first year of the Zhongtong era, when Kublai ascended the throne, Cheng was promoted to administrator of Huaimeng Circuit; he was soon granted a gold tally, then a gold tiger tally.

四川僉省嚴忠范守成都，為宋將昝萬壽所敗，退保子城，世祖命澄代之。 Yen Zhongfan, Vice Secretariat Commissioner of Sichuan, had been defending Chengdu when he was defeated by the Song general Zan Wanshou and forced to retreat into the inner citadel. Kublai ordered Cheng to replace him.

會西南夷羅羅斯內附，帝以撫新國宜擇文武全才，遂以澄為副都元帥，同知宣慰使司事。 When the Luolosi tribes of the southwest submitted, the emperor judged that pacifying the newly acquired territory required a man of both civil and military talent, and appointed Cheng Deputy Commander-in-Chief and Associate Commissioner of the Pacification Commission.

世祖嘗與太保劉秉忠論一時牧守，秉忠曰：「若邢之張耕，懷之譚澄，何憂不治哉！」 Kublai once discussed the governors and prefects of the day with Grand Mentor Liu Bingzhong, who said: "With men like Zhang Geng of Xingzhou and Tan Cheng of Huai prefecture, what worry would there be about good governance!"

遊顯宣撫大名，嘗為諸路總管求虎符宣麻，澄至中書辭曰：「皇上不識譚澄耶？ You Xian, Pacification Commissioner of Daming, had once sought tiger tallies and imperial appointment edicts on behalf of circuit administrators. When Cheng came to the Central Secretariat to decline, he said: "Does His Majesty not already know Tan Cheng?

一日，從省臣立殿下，世祖見其美髯魁偉，問曰：「汝秀才耶？」 One day, as he stood with secretariat officials below the palace steps, Kublai noticed his fine beard and imposing stature and asked: "Are you a xiucai?"

帝善其對，授中書省架閣庫管勾，兼承發司事。 The emperor was pleased with his reply and appointed him registrar of the Central Secretariat archive depot, with concurrent charge of the dispatch office.

至元十三年，宋平，帝命平章廉希憲行中書於荊南府，以楫為左右司員外郎。 In the thirteenth year of Zhiyuan, after the Song was pacified, the emperor ordered Grand Councillor Lian Xixian to administer the Central Secretariat at Jingnan Prefecture and appointed Ji Outer Assistant in the Left and Right Offices.

History of Yuan, Chapter 192Volume 192 Biographies 79: Virtuous Officials 2 · 1 passage

世祖命大將略地晉城，直以其眾歸之，幕府承製，署直潞州元帥府右監軍。 When Kublai sent a great general to subdue the Jincheng region, Zhi brought his followers over to the Yuan side; the field headquarters, acting by imperial commission, appointed him right supervising general of the Lu Prefecture Marshal's headquarters.

History of Yuan, Chapter 204Volume 204 Biographies 91: Eunuchs · 5 passages

如李邦寧者，以亡國閹豎，遭遇世祖，進齒薦紳，遂躋極品，然其言亦有可稱者焉。 Li Bangning, for example, was a eunuch of a fallen kingdom who won favor under Shizu, rose among the scholar-officials, and climbed to the highest ranks — yet some of what he said still deserves respect.

宋亡，從瀛國公入見世祖，命給事內庭，警敏稱上意。 After the fall of the Song, he accompanied the Duke of Ying to an audience with Shizu. The emperor assigned him to the inner court; sharp and responsive, he won the sovereign's favor.

對曰：「此世祖貯裘帶者。 Bangning answered, "That is the chest in which Shizu kept his fur robes and belts.

時有宗王在側，遽曰：「世祖雖神聖，然嗇於財。」 A prince standing nearby blurted out, "Shizu may have been a sage, but he was miserly with money."

世祖一言，無不為後世法； Every word Shizu spoke became a model for later generations;