Sengge Rinchen (僧格林沁)

Overview

The translated histories identify Sengge Rinchen as an aristocrat, general, military officer, and royal family member. This record brings together 22 passages from 14 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Sengge Rinchen	僧格林沁	Senggelinqin
Title	Khorchin Prince Sengge Rinchen
Title	Prince of Horqin	科爾沁親王	Keerqin Qinwang
Personal name	Sengge Rinchen	僧格林沁	Senggelinqin
Personal name	Sengge Rinchen	僧格林沁	Sēnggélínqìn
Personal name	Sengge Rinchen	僧格林沁	Sengge Rinchen
Personal	Sengge Rinchen	僧格林沁	Sengge Rinchen
Personal	Senggelinqin	僧格林沁	Sēnggelínqìn
Personal name	Senggelinqin	僧格林沁	Senggelinqin
Personal	Senggelinqin	僧格林沁	Senggelinqin

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:133:s0167, qingshigao:141:s0062, qingshigao:389:s0141, qingshigao:423:s0015, qingshigao:440:s0064, qingshigao:460:s0007
Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0026, qingshigao:392:s0011, qingshigao:441:s0115, qingshigao:441:s0118

Roles

Aristocrat
General
Military Officer
Royal Family Member

Life and dates

Death

Manner: died in battle · Place: Caozhou / 曹州 · Date Context: Western Year: AD 1865 · Source Date: Text: 同治四年 context
Explicit · qingshigao:391:s0117
Manner: killed in battle · Place: Caozhou / 曹州 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治四年 · Western Year: AD 1865
Explicit · qingshigao:438:s0039
Manner: killed-in-action
Explicit · qingshigao:440:s0069

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit · qingshigao:141:s0062
Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: AD 1853
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0055
Source Date: Text: 二十一年 · Western Year: AD 1841
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:392:s0011
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1860
Explicit · qingshigao:387:s0026, qingshigao:441:s0115, qingshigao:441:s0118
Source Date: Text: 同治三年 · Western Year: AD 1864
Explicit · qingshigao:438:s0025
Source Date: Text: 同治二年 · Western Year: AD 1863
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:133:s0167, qingshigao:440:s0068, qingshigao:440:s0069
Source Date: Text: 同治元年 · Western Year: AD 1862
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:423:s0085
Western Year: AD 1865 · Source Date: Text: 同治四年 context
Explicit · qingshigao:391:s0117
Source Date: Text: 同治四年 · Western Year: AD 1865
Explicit · qingshigao:438:s0039, qingshigao:438:s0089
Source Date: Text: 咸豐三年 · Western Year: AD 1853
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:392:s0104
Source Date: Text: 咸豐三年至五年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1853 · End: AD 1855
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:398:s0104
Source Date: Text: 咸豐九年 · Western Year: AD 1859
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:389:s0141
Source Date: Text: 咸豐五年 · Western Year: AD 1855
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:139:s0154, qingshigao:423:s0046
Source Date: Text: 咸豐十年 · Western Year: AD 1860
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0055
Source Date: Text: 咸豐同治間 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1851 · End: AD 1865
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:460:s0007

Career and standing

Label: deputy general-in-chief / 大將軍副 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐三年 · Western Year: AD 1853
Explicit · qingshigao:392:s0104
Label: commanding general / 統兵大臣 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:133:s0167
Title: Khorchin prince / 科爾沁郡王 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:392:s0104
Title: Prince of Horqin / 科爾沁親王 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:141:s0062

Places and affiliations

Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:133:s0167
Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:139:s0154
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:141:s0062, qingshigao:387:s0026

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Other Person Id: Emperor Xianfeng (咸豐帝)
Explicit · qingshigao:141:s0062
Kind: memorial · Role: author
Explicit · qingshigao:133:s0167, qingshigao:133:s0168, qingshigao:133:s0169, qingshigao:133:s0170, qingshigao:133:s0171, qingshigao:133:s0172, qingshigao:133:s0173, qingshigao:133:s0174, qingshigao:133:s0175

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: campaigned
Explicit · qingshigao:440:s0064
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: ordered-to-expand-Manchu-firearms-brigade-formations
Explicit · qingshigao:139:s0154
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: repelled-British-at-Dagu · Place: Dagu / 大沽 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐九年 · Western Year: AD 1859
Explicit · qingshigao:389:s0141
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: requisitioned-unfit-Chakhar-war-horses · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit · qingshigao:141:s0062
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: suppressed-Nian · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit · qingshigao:141:s0062
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: suppressed-Nian
Explicit · qingshigao:460:s0007

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: retained-command-by-battlefield-prestige · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:392:s0118

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 133Volume 133 Treatises 108: Military 4, Local Militia · 1 passage

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是年，統兵大臣僧格林沁疏言：「各省練團築寨，本以助守望而禦寇盜，為權宜補救之法。 That year commanding general Sengge Rinchen memorialized: 'Provincial militia stockades were meant to help with watch duty and repel bandits—a temporary expedient.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 139Volume 139 Treatises 114: Military 10, Training · 1 passage

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又令僧格林沁等增滿洲火器營操演陣式。 Senggelinqin was also told to expand Manchu firearms brigade formations.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 141Volume 141 Treatises 116: Military 12, Horse Administration · 1 passage

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咸豐四年，科爾沁親王僧格林沁剿捻，檄取察哈爾戰馬六百匹，不堪乘用，奏聞。 Xianfeng 4 (1854) Prince Senggelinqin of Horqin, fighting the Nian, requisitioned 600 Chakhar war horses—they proved unrideable, and he reported it.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 387Volume 387 Biographies 174: Zong Shisushun, Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Jiao Youying, Chen Fuen · 2 passages

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十年，英法聯軍又來犯，僧格林沁拒戰屢失利，復遣桂良等議和。 In 1860 the allied armies returned; Sengge Rinchen fought them repeatedly but lost again and again, and Guiliang and others were once more dispatched to negotiate.

三年，粵匪擾河南、直隸，京師戒嚴，命偕僧格林沁、花沙納、達洪阿辦理京旗各營巡防事宜。 In 1853, when rebels from Guangdong ravaged Henan and Zhili and the capital was put on alert, he was ordered with Sengge Rinchen, Huashana, and Da Hong'a to organize patrol and defense for the metropolitan banner forces.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 389Volume 389 Biographies 176: Bai Jun, Lin Kui, Rui Chang, Quan Qing · 2 passages

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時英兵犯大沽，僧格林沁擊卻之。 When British forces attacked Dagu, Sengge Rinchen drove them back.

應請速簡重臣，發勁旅，嚴近畿海口之備，為僧格林沁之援，令廣東義勇搗香港以牽其援兵，登州水師合旅順以截其歸路，然後國威可振，撫局可成。」 He urged that a senior minister be sent with strong reinforcements to fortify the capital's ports and support Sengge Rinchen; that Guangdong volunteers strike Hong Kong to tie down enemy reinforcements; and that the Dengzhou fleet join Lüshun to cut their retreat—only then could prestige be restored and peace secured."

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 391Volume 391 Biographies 178: Wo Ren, Li Tangjie, Wu Tingdong · 1 passage

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僧格林沁戰歿曹州，棠階以朝廷賞多罰少，疆臣每存藐玩，上疏極言其弊，於是有申飭直省督撫之諭。 After Sengge Rinchen fell at Caozhou, Tangjie argued that too many rewards and too few punishments made frontier governors careless; his memorial led to an edict rebuking provincial governors.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 392Volume 392 Biographies 179: Sai Shang A, Ne Er Jing E · 3 passages

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二十一年，海疆戒嚴，詔赴天津、山海關勘築砲台，复偕御前大臣僧格林沁查閱海口。 In the twenty-first year (1841), with the coast on war footing, he was ordered to Tianjin and Shanhaiguan to survey and build batteries, and again accompanied Imperial Commissioner Sengge Rinchen in inspecting the river mouths.

命惠親王綿愉為大將軍，科爾沁郡王僧格林沁副之，勝保督師前敵追剿。 Prince Mianyu of the First Rank was made general-in-chief, with Khorchin Prince Sengge Rinchen as his deputy and Sheng Bao commanding the pursuit at the front.

惟僧格林沁猶以勳望膺其任，不復輕以中樞閣部出任師幹，即有時親籓遙領，亦居其名不行其實。 Only Sengge Rinchen still took such commands, by virtue of his battlefield prestige; the court no longer lightly sent Grand Council and ministry officials to lead armies, and even when imperial princes nominally supervised campaigns from afar, they held the title without exercising real command.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 398Volume 398 Biographies 185: Zong Shixianghou, Huo Longwu, Fu Zhu Hong A, En Zhang, Chen Shengyuan, Qi Suzao, Chen Kerang, Liu Tongying, Rui Chang, Jie Chun, Xi Ling A · 1 passage

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尋從僧格林沁、勝保勦賊畿輔。 He soon joined Senggelinqin and Shengbao in campaigns against the rebels in the capital region.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 423Volume 423 Biographies 210: Zong Jichen, Yin Gengyun, Wang Zheng, Mu Jixianga, You Baichuan, Shen Huai · 2 passages

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咸豐五年，粵匪犯畿輔，惠親王綿愉為大將軍，僧格林沁參贊軍務，闢耕雲佐幕府，上書論防務，為文宗所知。 In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), when Taiping forces threatened the capital region, Prince Hui Mianyu was named commander-in-chief with Sengge Rinchen as his deputy. Gengyun joined the staff, wrote on defense, and won the attention of the Xianfeng Emperor.

同治元年，率部卒五千，從僧格林沁平金樓寨教匪，又偕提督張曜克張岡捻巢，以道員記名，賜花翎。 In the first year of Tongzhi (1862) he led five thousand men with Sengge Rinchen against the sect rebels at Jinlou Stockade, then with Brigadier Zhang Yao captured the Nian base at Zhanggang. He was noted for promotion to intendant and awarded the peacock feather.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 438Volume 438 Biographies 225: Yan Jingming, Zhang Zhiwan, Lu Chuan Lin, Lin Shaonian · 3 passages

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前者僧格林沁奏稱不宜專用南勇，啟輕視朝廷之漸。 Earlier Senggelinqin had memorialized that one should not rely exclusively on southern braves, lest this foster a gradual tendency to look down on the court.

四年，僧格林沁戰歿曹州，賊勢張，益趨張秋南，將犯省城。 In the fourth year Senggelinqin was killed in battle at Caozhou. Rebel strength surged and they pressed increasingly south of Zhangqiu, threatening the provincial capital.

僧格林沁戰歿曹州，督兵大臣皆獲咎。 When Senggelinqin was killed in battle at Caozhou, the grand coordinators of troops were all held accountable.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 440Volume 440 Biographies 227: Ying Gui, Zong Shizailing, En Cheng, Zong Shifukun, Chong Li, Yu De · 2 passages

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隨僧格林沁勦賊，賞四品京堂。 He accompanied Sengge Rinchen in campaigns against the rebels and was rewarded with the rank of fourth-grade Beijing official.

以僧格林沁遇害，坐革職。 When Sengge Rinchen was killed in action, En Cheng was punished by dismissal from office.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 441Volume 441 Biographies 228: Pan Zuyin, Li Wentian, Sun Yijing, Xia Tongshan, Zhang Jiaxiang, Zhang Yinglin, Zhang Renfu, Zhang Hengjia · 1 passage

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又以北塘之役，僧格林沁軍退頓通州，桂良再就議款，同善建言敵情叵測，宜專任僧格林沁備戰守：敕並依行。 After the Beitang affair, when Sengge Rinchen's army withdrew to Tongzhou and Gui Liang again negotiated terms, Tongshan memorialized that the enemy's intentions were unpredictable and that Sengge Rinchen alone should be charged with defense preparations; both recommendations were adopted.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 460Volume 460 Biographies 247: Zuo Baogui Younger Brother: Bao Xian, Yong Shan, Deng Shichang, Liu Buchan, Lin Taiceng, Dai Zongqian · 1 passage

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後以游擊從僧格林沁討捻，積勳至副將。 Later, as a guerrilla officer under Sengge Rinchen in the campaign against the Nian rebels, he rose by accumulated merit to vice commander.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 468Volume 468 Biographies 255: Chong Qi Son: Bao Chu Deng, Zhi Jun, Yan Mao Younger Brother: Yan Zhi, Se Pu Zheng E, Wang Yirong, Xi Yuan, Zong Shibaofeng, Zong Shishoufu Younger Brother: Shou Fandeng, Song Chengxiang, Wang Tieshan · 1 passage

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旋從僧格林沁剿捻，斬馘甚眾。 He soon followed Sengge Rinchen in suppressing the Nian rebels and killed many in battle.