Zhang Quanyi (張全義)

Overview

Zhang Quanyi was a Henan Intendant and Prince of Wei.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal name	Zhang Zongshi	張宗奭	Zhang Zongshi
Changed name	Juyan	居言	Juyan
Courtesy name	Guowei	國維	Guowei
Posthumous name	Loyal and Solemn	忠肅	Zhōngsù

Life and dates

Death

AD 926 同光四年
Cause Grief
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 52
AD 926 鄴都兵亂
Cause Starvation · Refused food from anxiety and resentment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 137
AD 926 天成元年九月
burial set for second day of next month
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 37, passage 75
AD 926 是日
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 148
AD 926 四年
At Luoyang private residence 洛陽私第 · Illness and anxiety
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 99
Already dead
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 89

Show 1 more source-backed claim

Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 96, passage 56

Age

Years 75 · Reckoning Sui · Context at death
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 99
75
Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 52
old and unable to hurry forward
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 34

Attested activity

AD 912 乾化二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 70
AD 904 其年十月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 65
AD 910 開平四年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 68
AD 923 同光元年冬十月後
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 193, 195
AD 888 文德元年四月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 27
AD 912 乾化二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 19; New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 210

Show 79 more source-backed claims

AD 911 乾化元年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 191; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 69
AD 911 乾化元年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passages 104, 110
AD 911 乾化元年七月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 121
AD 911 乾化元年五月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 6, passages 99-100
AD 879 乾符末
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 6
AD 907 五月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passages 95, 101
AD 874 to AD 880 亡入黃巢賊中
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 3
AD 915 to AD 921 偽梁貞明中
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 43
AD 898 to AD 925 光化中至莊宗
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passages 51-52, 59
AD 898 光化初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 110
AD 885 to AD 888 光啟中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 20, passage 115
AD 885 to AD 888 光啟中
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 40, passage 129
AD 885 光啟初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 9, 12
AD 888 光啟四年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 44, passage 36
AD 888 to AD 926 全義一逢亂世，十領名藩
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 222-223
AD 900 to AD 926 全義卒前
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 96, passages 55-56
AD 923 to AD 926 全義監軍嘗得李德裕平泉醒酒石
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 44
AD 920 其年九月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 109
AD 887 分據河陽、洛陽以附於梁
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 7
AD 925 同光三年秋七月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 16
AD 924 to AD 926 同光中
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passages 53-54
AD 924 同光二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 80
AD 924 同光二年十二月庚午
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 140
AD 924 同光二年春正月
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 109
AD 888 to AD 890 吾頃在河陽，遭李罕之之難
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 121
AD 907 唐亡，全義事梁
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 20
AD 926 四年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 96, 99
AD 926 壬子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
AD 926 天成元年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 37, passage 75
AD 926 天成元年六月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 89
AD 926 天成初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 100
AD 918 天祐十五年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 90, 92
AD 912 太祖兵敗蓚縣
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 23
AD 875 to AD 884 巢、蔡之亂
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passages 108, 115
AD 880 to AD 881 巢入長安
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 7
AD 884 巢賊敗
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 5
AD 881 巢陷長安
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 4
AD 910 开平四年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 92
AD 890 張浚之加兵於太原
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 33
AD 888 文德元年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 16, passage 23
AD 888 文德元年夏
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 70
AD 924 明年二月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 94
AD 923 明年十一月，莊宗幸洛陽
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 39
AD 904 昭宗東遷
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 24, passages 83, 87
AD 926 是日
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 148
AD 905 時全義既不能庇護
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 130
AD 922 to AD 923 末帝季年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 73-77
AD 880 to AD 926 本出巢賊至餓死
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 131, 137
AD 888 to AD 890 李罕之圍張全義於河陽
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 111
AD 911 to AD 912 柏鄉失律後
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 81-85
AD 911 梁乾化元年七月辛丑
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 117
AD 923 梁亡，莊宗入汴
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 32
AD 904 梁太祖劫唐昭宗東遷
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 18
AD 907 to AD 923 梁時
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 71, passage 97
AD 913 梁末帝嗣位於汴
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 71-72
AD 907 梁祖建號
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 66
AD 911 to AD 912 梁祖末年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 78-80
AD 912 梁祖為友珪所弑
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 134
AD 911 to AD 912 梁祖猜忌王
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 87
AD 901 to AD 907 梁祖經營霸業
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 62-63
AD 904 梁祖迫昭宗東遷
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 59-60
AD 907 to AD 926 河南尹張全義
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passage 28
AD 885 to AD 892 河南尹治洛屯墾
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 13, 15, 24, 41, 44
AD 886 爽死，事其子仲方
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 6
AD 926 甲辰
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passages 115, 124, 128
c. AD 923 莊宗入汴，命河南張全義葬其屍
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 83
AD 923 莊宗定河南
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 3
AD 923 莊宗平中原
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 135
AD 923 莊宗平梁
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 88
AD 888 襲取河陽
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 12
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
AD 917 貞明三年十二月甲戌
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 61
AD 915 to AD 921 貞明中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 68, passages 42-43
AD 907 to AD 923 近代梁氏
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 140
AD 909 開平三年九月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 5, passages 1-2
AD 908 開平二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 22, passages 92, 94
AD 908 開平二年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 67
AD 907 開平元年已前羨余
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 121
AD 910 開平四年正月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 5, passages 82, 87

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Lian (璉)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 4
Parent of Empress Liu (劉皇后)
adoptive father 義父 · Adoptive parentage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 109-112
Sibling of Father of Zhang Yan
brother 兄弟 · Uncertain siblings
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 24, passage 83
Parent of Daughter of the Prince of Qi (齊王之女)
daughter 女 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 87
Parent of Empress Liu (劉皇后)
father 父 · Claimed parentage
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 40
Child of Cheng (誠)
father 父
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 4
Parent of Empress Liu (劉皇后)
foster father 養父 · Foster parentage
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 53
Parent of Zhang Jizuo (張繼祚)
his son 其子
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 120, 144; Old History of the Five Dynasties 96, passage 55; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passages 24, 53
Kin of Zhang Yan (張衍)
uncle of nephew 猶子
nephew 猶子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 24, passage 83
Parent of Zhang Jiye (張繼業)
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 138
Parent of Zhang Jisun (張繼孫)
son 子
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 138
Spouse of Wife of Zhang Zongshi (張宗奭妻)
wife 妻
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 102, passage 140
Spouse of Lady Chu (儲氏)
wife 妻
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 81
Spouse of Lady Chu (儲氏)
wife 妻
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 27
Sibling of Zhang Quanwu (張全武)
younger brother 弟 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 31

Kinship Role sons · Count 1 · one son granted sixth-rank regular post
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 99
Kinship Role daughters · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 23
Kinship Role household kin captured with Quanwu · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 31
Kinship Role paternal ancestors · Quantity generations · Occupation field farmers 田農
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 4
Kinship Role sons-and-grandsons · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 137
Kinship Role younger brothers and nephews · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 32

Key source chapters

Career and standing

county grain clerk 縣嗇夫
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 5
farmer’s son doing county corvée 田家子役於縣
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 3
farmer 種田叟
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 83
holder of famous commands 十領名藩
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 222
military governor of Zheng, Hua, and other prefectures 鄭、滑等州節度使
AD 910 四年 · Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 68
military governor of Zhongwu 忠武軍節度使
AD 904 十月 · Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 65

Show 113 more source-backed claims

Commissioner of National Accounts 國計使
AD 912 乾化二年 · Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 70
concurrent governor of Heyang 兼鎮河陽
AD 913 梁末帝嗣位於汴 · Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 71
military governor of Heyang 河陽節度使
AD 907 梁祖建號 · Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 66
military governor of Shan-Guo 陝虢節度使
AD 908 開平二年 · Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 67
commissioner of water transport 水運使
Appointed · Authority Huang Chao (黃巢)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 4
Minister of the Civil Service 吏部尚書
Appointed · Authority Huang Chao (黃巢)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 4
Director of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書令
Appointed · Authority Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 38
Grand Preceptor 太師
Appointed · Authority Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 38
Deputy Commander-in-Chief of all forces under Heaven 天下兵馬副元帥
AD 913 未幾，授天下兵馬副元帥 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 72
administrator of the Six Armies 判六軍
AD 910 四年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 68
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
AD 910 四年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 68
administrator of the Six Armies and palace guards 判六軍諸衛事
AD 904 十月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 65
Guardian Grand Commandant 守太尉
AD 912 乾化二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 70
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
AD 912 乾化二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 70
military governor of Song and Bo 宋亳節度使
AD 912 乾化二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 70
Grand Inner Custodian 大內留守
AD 912 乾化二年二月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 19
State Comptroller 國計使
AD 912 乾化二年六月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 80
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
AD 885 光啟初 · Appointed · At Henan 河南
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 12
commissioner for tomb roads and supply 山陵橋道排頓使
AD 925 同光三年秋七月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 16
acting Grand Preceptor (Taishi) 檢校太師
AD 926 壬子 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
concurrent director of the Imperial Secretariat 兼尚書令
AD 926 壬子 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
Xu Prefecture military commissioner 許州節度使
AD 926 壬子 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
Minister of the Civil Office 吏部尚書
AD 880 to AD 881 巢入長安 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 7
Superintendent of Water Transport 水運使
AD 880 to AD 881 巢入長安 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 7
Guardian Minister of the Central Secretariat 守中書令
AD 904 昭宗至洛陽 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 60
Luoyang capital garrison commander 洛京留守
AD 913 梁末帝嗣位於汴 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 71
Intendant of Heyang 河陽尹
AD 908 開平二年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 67
Acting Grand Preceptor 檢校太師
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 96
Acting Minister of Works 檢校司空
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 38
concurrent governor of the Three Cities 兼鎮三城
Appointed · At Three Cities 三城 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 36
Grand Councilor / Director of the Imperial Secretariat 中書令
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 30
Guardian Grand Commandant and Minister of the Central Secretariat 守太尉中書令
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 94
Military Governor of Zhongwu 忠武軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 96
Minister of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書令
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 96
Prefect of Zezhou 澤州刺史
Appointed · At Zezhou 澤州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 8
prefect of Zezhou 澤州刺史
Appointed · At Zezhou 澤州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
deputy marshal of all armies 天下兵馬副元帥
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Western Year: AD 917
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Western Capital custodian 西都留守
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 貞明三年十二月甲戌 · Western Year: AD 917
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 61
Heyang military governor 河陽節度
AD 888 文德元年四月 · Concurrently held · At Heyang 河陽
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 27
Henan governor 河南尹
AD 911 乾化元年 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 191
Henan Prefect 河南尹
AD 907 五月 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 101
military governor of Heyang 河陽節度使
AD 907 五月 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 101
Governor of Henan 河南尹
AD 915 to AD 921 偽梁貞明中 · Held · At Henan 河南
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 43
false commission under Huang Chao 黃巢偽命
AD 880 to AD 884 全義始受黃巢偽命 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 115
Henan governor 河南尹
AD 920 其年九月 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 109
governor of Henan 河南尹
AD 924 同光二年春正月 · Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 109
acting Grand Preceptor 守太尉
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Grand Counselor 兼中書令
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Henan prefect 河南尹
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
overseer of the Six Armies and Guards 判六軍諸衛事
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
deputy marshal of all armies 天下兵馬副元帥
AD 917 貞明三年十二月甲戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 61
Grand Preceptor 太尉
AD 917 貞明三年十二月甲戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 61
regent of Henan 河南留守
AD 908 開平二年 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 94
Minister of the Central Secretariat 中書令
AD 901 to AD 907 齊王與梁祖互為中書令、尚書令 · Held · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 62
Minister of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書令
AD 901 to AD 907 齊王與梁祖互為中書令、尚書令 · Held · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 62
acting Grand Preceptor 守太尉
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
circuit military commissioner 諸道節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 99
concurrent Heyang 兼領河陽
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 94
Deputy Commander-in-Chief 副元帥
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 74
Director of the Six Armies 判六軍事
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 19
Grand Commandant 太尉
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 101
Grand Preceptor 太師
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 101
Grand Tutor 太傅
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 101
Henan administrator 河南
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 83
Henan Intendant 河南尹
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 19; Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 195
Henan prefect 河南尹
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 24, passage 83; Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 16; Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passages 110, 124
Heyang military commissioner 河陽節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 94; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 14
judge of the Six Armies and palace guards 判六軍諸衛事
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 30
Keeper of the Secretariat 守中書令
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 19
military governor of Zhongwu, Shaan, Guo, Zheng, Hua, and Heyang 忠武陜虢鄭滑河陽節度使
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 30
Minister of the Central Secretariat 中書令
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 101
prefect of Henan 河南尹
Held · At Henan 河南
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passage 28
prefect of Henan 河南尹
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passage 51; Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 104; New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 92
Protector-General 留守
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 68, passage 43
Secretariat director 中書令
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110
vice commander-in-chief of all armed forces under Heaven 天下兵馬副元帥
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 30
Zhongwu military commissioner, Grand Preceptor, Director of Secretariat 忠武軍節度使、檢校太師、兼尚書令
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 89
Zhongwu military commissioner 忠武軍節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 148
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
Held · At Henan 河南
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
Grand Tutor 太傅
AD 910 四年 · Invested
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 68
Grand Preceptor 太師
AD 911 乾化元年 · Invested
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 69
Grand Tutor 太傅
AD 909 開平三年十一月 · Invested
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 62
Grand Guardian 太保
AD 908 開平二年 · Invested
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 67
junior officer 裨校
Promoted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 8
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
Removed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 96
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
AD 904 十月 · Restored
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 65
Intendant of Henan 河南尹
Restored
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 38, 93
Minister of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書令
Restored
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 93
military governor of Tianping 天平軍節度使
AD 904 昭宗至洛陽 · Transferred to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 60
Prince of Wei 魏王
AD 907 五月 · Advanced
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 101
Prince of Qi 齊王
Changed to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 94
Prince of Wei 魏王
AD 907 梁祖建號 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 66
prince 王
Households 13000 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 101
fief of 13,000 households 食邑至萬三千戶
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 30
Grand Preceptor 太師
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 100
Loyal and Solemn 忠肅
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 52
posthumous Grand Preceptor 贈太師
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 89
Prince of Qi 齊王
Changed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 40
Prince of Qi 齊王
AD 924 同光二年 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 31, passage 80
Prince of Dongping 東平王
AD 904 昭宗至洛陽 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 60
Prince of Wei 魏王
Enfeoffed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 30
Prince of Wei 魏王
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Prince of Qi 齊王
AD 901 to AD 907 齊王與梁祖互為中書令、尚書令 · Held · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 62-63
Prince of Qi 齊王
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passages 110, 148; Old History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 89; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 87; Old History of the Five Dynasties 96, passage 55
Prince of Wei 魏王
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 7, passage 76; Old History of the Five Dynasties 24, passage 83; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 93; Old History of the Five Dynasties 68, passage 43
Prince of Wei 魏王
AD 907 五月 · Received
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 101
Noted
Old age
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 89
Served carefully
Grateful client
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passages 15, 21
Suffered
Under suspicion
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 78, 82
common fellow 匹夫
Commoner
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 136
emerged from Huang Chao's rebels 本出巢賊
Rebel associate
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
old age near death 年齒衰朽，指景待盡
Aged
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 83-84

Places and affiliations

AD 907 五月
Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation Served
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 101
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌
Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation Served
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Later Liang 梁
Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 33
Polity Huang Chao regime 黃巢 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 7
Polity Huang Chao’s regime 黃巢 · Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passages 3-4
Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation Attached to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 39

Show 33 more source-backed claims

Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 94; Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 109; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 66, 70-71, 74, 78
Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 222
Polity Later Liang 朱梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 95, 132-133
Polity Later Liang 梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 43; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passages 7, 20, 30
Polity Later Tang 唐莊宗 · Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 32
Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 16
Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 222
Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 148; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 88, 93, 135, 137
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Lived under
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 1, 6
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 115; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 59-60, 65, 131-132; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 19
At Linpu in Puzhou 濮州臨濮
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 1; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 2
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌
At Henan 河南 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
AD 917 貞明三年十二月甲戌
At Western Capital 西都 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 61
At Chang’an 長安 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 4
At Henan 河南 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 109; Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 16; Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passage 51; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 14
At Heyang 河陽 · Relation Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
At Heyang 河陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 66-67, 71, 94, 102, 121
At Heyang 河陽 · Relation Seized
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 12
At Heyang 河陽 · Relation Served at
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 5
At Linpu in Puzhou 濮州臨濮 · Relation Native of
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 2
At Luoyang private residence 洛陽私第 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 99
At Luoyang 洛 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 32
At Luoyang 洛 · Relation Traveled from
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 88
At Luoyang 洛城 · Relation Developed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 83
At Luoyang 洛陽 · Relation Died at
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 99
At Luoyang 洛陽 · Relation Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 7
At Luoyang 洛陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 59, 65, 71
At Luoyang 洛陽 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 45
At old market of Luoyang 故市 · Relation Settled in
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 41
At private residence in Huijie Ward 會節坊私第 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 6, passages 100, 121
At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Sent envoys to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 31
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌
Organization Six Armies and Guards 六軍諸衛 · Relation Overseer of
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Organization Zhu clan 朱氏 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 78

Learning and skills

Belief Buddhism 釋 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 105
Belief Daoism 老 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 105
Belief ritual prayer sincerity 祈祭誠信 · Relation Practitioner of · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 56
Skill agricultural administration 勸耕殖 · Level renowned
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passages 9, 16

Works and attributed material

Biography of Quanyi 全義傳
Relation Subject of
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 145
Unofficial Biography of the Prince of Qi 齊王外傳
Relation Subject of
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 87
Defended Liang Founder remains
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 108
Protested adoption
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 111
AD 926 甲辰
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passages 124-125
Counsel · Speaker · With Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 42

Show 14 more source-backed claims

The Prince never smiles for fine entertainers, but good silkworms and wheat always make him smile
Folk saying · Subject · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 48
When the Prince prays for rain, buy yourself an umbrella
Folk saying · Subject · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 58
Memorial · Author · With Last Emperor (末帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 74-76
Memorial · Author · With Emperor Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 92
Memorial · Author · With Liang Founder (梁祖) · Paraphrased · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 62
memorialized that each county should have a magistrate and clerks
Memorial · Author · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 24
Whatever Grand Mentor Li wants, we must provide it
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之) · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 31
Speech · Speaker · With Zhang Jizuo (張繼祚)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 121; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 24
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Cui Yi (崔沂)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 68, passage 45
Speech · Speaker · With Imperial eunuch supervising Zhang Quanyi's army (監全義軍中使) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 113
claimed already to have funds for the suburban sacrifice
Speech · Speaker · With Zhuangzong (莊宗) · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 135
Give it to him anyway
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 32
This household lacks oxen and hands—why haven't you all helped
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 52
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 115

Events and relationships

Appointed garrison officers
Administrative · Organizer · At Luoyang 洛陽 · Quantity 18 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 15-24
deputy marshal of all armies 天下兵馬副元帥
AD 917 貞明三年十二月壬戌 · Appointment · Appointee · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 45
Western Capital custodian 西都留守
AD 917 貞明三年十二月甲戌 · Appointment · Appointee · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 9, passages 43, 61
Appointed
Political · Appointee · With Huang Chao (黃巢) · At Chang’an 長安
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 4
Asked Guo Chongtao to restore Jue as chief minister
Political · Advocate · With Guo Chongtao (郭崇韜)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passage 59
Asked for troops
AD 888 to AD 890 全義乞兵於梁 · Military · Besieged · At Heyang 河陽
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 111

Show 92 more source-backed claims

Attached to
Political · Subordinate · With Zhuge Shuang (諸葛爽) · At Heyang 河陽
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 8
Attacked
AD 890 張浚之加兵於太原 · Military · Commander · At Ze Prefecture 澤州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 33
Awaited punishment
Political · Supplicant · At Bian 汴
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 32
Besieged
Military · Besieged · At Heyang 河陽 · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 12
Bribed
AD 923 莊宗平中原 · Political · Briber · With Empress Liu (劉皇后)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 135
Bribed
Political · Actor · With Empress Liu (劉皇后)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 36
Built capital wards
Other · Builder
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 40, passage 129
Built fortifications and offices
Administrative · Builder · At old market 故市
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 45
Buried body stored head
Ritual · Burier · With Last Emperor of Later Liang (梁末帝)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 83
Came to court awaiting punishment
Audience · Supplicant · With Emperor Zhuangzong (莊宗) · At court 覲
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 88
Caused unjust death of Luo Guan
Judicial abuse · Persecutor · With Luo Guan (羅貫)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 115
Defended proper treatment of Liang Founder coffin
Ritual politics · Memorialist · With Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 108
Denounced to empress
Legal · Accuser · With Luo Guan (羅貫) · With Person Id Empress Liu (劉皇后)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 141
Died from anxiety after hearing upheaval
Death · Decedent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 99
Divided territory
Military · Ally · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之) · At Heyang and Luoyang 河陽、洛陽
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 7
Endured Li Hanzhi siege at Heyang
Siege · Besieged · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之) · At Heyang 河陽
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 121
Expelled
Political · Participant · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
Expelled
Political · Participant · With Zhuge Zhongfang (諸葛仲方) · With Person Id Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
Favored first litigant
Judicial · Judge
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 47
fled county service and joined Huang Chao 亡入黃巢賊中
Political · Actor · Fled and joined · With Huang Chao (黃巢)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 3
Forced poison
Legal · Executor · With Liu Xun (劉鄩) · At Luoyang 洛
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 109
Fostered mutual aid farming
Administrative · Governor · At Luoyang 洛陽 · Outcome Households had stores; no starvation in flood or drought · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 54-55
Had flogged to death
Legal · Authority · With Army supervisor of Zhang Quanyi (全義監軍)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 46
Had flogged to death
Legal · Authority · With Imperial eunuch supervising Zhang Quanyi's army (監全義軍中使)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 116
Had killed
Violent · Instigator · With Luo Guan (羅貫)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 141
Held
Military · Co holder · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之) · At Huaizhou 懷州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 11
Helped ruin Tang
Political · Agent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 132
Hosted emperor
Court · Host
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 6, passages 100, 121
Humiliated by magistrate
Personal · Victim
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 5
Invited emperor to Luoyang for suburban rite
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 92
Joined
AD 879 乾符末 · Military · Recruit · With Huang Chao (黃巢)
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 6
Killed luoyang army supervisor over stone
Violent · Killer
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 142
Left to guard western capital
Administrative · Guardian
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passages 92, 110, 210
Monthly presented armor and horses
AD 911 to AD 912 梁祖河朔喪師之後 · Military · Supplier · With Founder of Later Liang (梁祖) · At Hebei 河朔
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 79
Moved from henan to tianping
AD 904 昭宗至洛陽 · Political · Transferred official · With Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 60
Named deputy commander in chief
AD 913 授天下兵馬副元帥 · Military · Appointee
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 72
Night seized three cities
AD 888 文德元年 · Military · Commander · At Three Cities 三城 · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之) · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 27, 35-36
Offered entire household wealth
AD 911 to AD 912 梁祖末年 · Political · Tributary · With Founder of Later Liang (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 78
Offered million cash for burial
AD 912 梁祖為友珪所弑 · Ritual · Donor · With Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 134
Ordered to collect and bury the Last Emperor's body
Burial · Appointed agent · With Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 195
Ordered to receive and bury
AD 926 甲辰 · Ritual · Burial officer · With Guo Chongtao (郭崇韜)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 128
Ordered to repair luoyang palace city
AD 904 梁祖迫昭宗東遷 · Administrative · Official charged · At Luoyang palace city 洛陽宮城
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 59
Poured out wealth to sustain
AD 901 to AD 907 梁祖經營霸業 · Financial · Patron supporter · With Liang Founder (梁祖) · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 63
Prayed for rain
Ritual · Supplicant · At Longmen Guanghua Temple 龍門廣化寺 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 56-58
Presented armored horses monthly
AD 907 to AD 912 梁時 · Military logistics · Supplier
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 133
Presented surplus and requested silk quota
AD 907 五月 · Tribute · Presenter
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passages 95, 121
Promoted agriculture
Administrative · Governor · Outcome Granaries abundantly stocked
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 13
Punished poor farming and scolded neighbors
Legal · Judge · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 51-53
Rebuilt capital
Administrative · Rebuilder · At Luoyang 洛都
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 108
Rebuilt
Civic · Administrator · At Henan 河南
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passages 16-17
Received imperial visit
AD 911 乾化元年 · Social · Host · With Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 104
Received unclaimed gold for temples
Administrative · Recipient · With Zhao Guangfeng (趙光逢)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passage 28
Reclaimed and repopulated
Administrative · Governor · At Luoyang 洛陽 · Outcome Fifty or sixty thousand registered households
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 41-45
Remonstrated against Duan Ning appointment
AD 922 to AD 923 末帝季年 · Political · Petitioner · With Last Emperor (末帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 74-76
Repaired palaces and stores
Civic · Builder · At Luoyang 洛陽
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 18
Repeatedly asked to yield concurrent commands
AD 901 to AD 907 齊王累表讓兼鎮 · Political · Memorialist · With Liang Founder (梁祖) · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 62
begged troops from Liang 乞兵於梁
Military · Petitioner · Requested troops
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 13
Restored Luoyang
Political · Benefactor
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 96, passage 65
Rewarded good farmers
Personal · Patron · At Luoyang 洛陽 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 47-48, 50
Seized
AD 888 文德元年四月 · Military · Commander · At Heyang 河陽 · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 27
Seized
Military · Commander · At Heyang 河陽 · With Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 12
Sent concubines and gifts to inner palace
Social · Patron · With Empress Liu (劉皇后)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 54
Sought troops
Diplomatic · Petitioner · With Martial Emperor (武皇)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 11
Summoned Cunjie to counsel
AD 908 開平二年 · Military · Counselor summoner · With Niu Cunjie (牛存節)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 94
Survived assassination attempts
AD 911 to AD 912 梁祖末年 · Political · Target · With Founder of Later Liang (梁祖) · Count 4
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 78, 80
Taxed people to secure favor
Fiscal · Agent
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 132, 136
Transferred service
Political · Actor · With Zhuge Shuang (諸葛爽) · At Heyang 河陽
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 5
Turned on
Military · Attacker · With Liu Jing (劉經) · At Heyang 河陽
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 11
Urged appointment
Political · Advisor · With Mingzong (明宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 51
Won battle distinctions
Military · Officer
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 8
Relation Stopped from attacking · Person Zhang Jizuo (張繼祚) · With Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 121-122
Relation Served under · Person Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 20
Relation Honored as elder brother by · Person Li Cunji (李存紀)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 34
Relation Ally of · Person Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131; New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 7
Relation Rival of · Person Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 11
Relation Sworn ally of · Person Li Hanzhi (李罕之)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 11
Relation Entrusted to · Person Yang Shihou (楊師厚)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passage 130
Relation Served under · Person Huang Chao (黃巢)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 6-7
Relation Subordinate of · Person Last Emperor (末帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 74
Relation Recommender of · Person Li Zhuanmei (李專美)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 43
Relation Served under · Person Zhuge Zhongfang (諸葛仲方)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 6
Relation Served · Person Zhuge Zhongfang (諸葛仲方)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
Relation Client of · Person Zhuge Shuang (諸葛爽)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 131
Relation Served under · Person Zhuge Shuang (諸葛爽)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 5
Relation Subordinate of · Person Founder of Later Liang (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 78
Relation Patron of · Person Zheng Jue (鄭玨)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 58, passages 54, 56
Relation Escaped suspicion of · Person Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 222
Relation Received favor from · Person Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 222
Relation Client of · Person Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 39
Relation Patron of · Person Li Jingyi (李敬義)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 60, passages 104, 130
Relation Patron of · Person Mingzong (明宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 137
Relation Honored as elder brother by · Person Jiji (繼岌)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 34

Assessments and attributes

Assessment adoption-not-held-against-him · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 113
Assessment diligent, frugal, and able to keep the army by rule · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 9
Assessment escaped Liang Founder's suspicion and won Zhuangzong's favor through deference and wealth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 222
Assessment exemplified using wealth to preserve oneself in office · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 223
Assessment falsely praised as famous minister in Zhuangzong Veritable Records · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 145
Assessment faulted-for-lawsuit-bias-and-Luo-Guan-case · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 114-115

Show 21 more source-backed claims

Assessment fickle and treacherous in allegiances · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 131, 143
Assessment genuine and simple; delighted by good harvests rather than entertainers · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 48-49
Assessment grateful for Liang Founder's aid and thereafter submitted to him · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 39
Assessment honored-scholarship-and-goodness · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 103
Assessment industrious and frugal · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 13
Assessment kept-plain-loyalty-under-Zhuangzong · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 107
Assessment plain-generous-practical · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 103
Assessment praised-for-defending-Liang-Founder-remains · Mode named-source-report
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 108
Assessment rebel minister of chaotic times; keeping his head was fortune enough · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 143
Assessment secretly recognized the Liang Founder's treacherous ambition and sought self-preservation by yielding power · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽搢紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 62
Assessment skilled at comforting soldiers and civilians · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 13
Assessment the realm thought the supervisor’s death unjust · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 46
tireless devotion 服勤盡瘁
Assessment tireless devotion · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 80
Assessment treated the displaced like his own children · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 42
Assessment unable to govern his own household · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 140
rose from soldier; not of scholar-official clan; shunned luxurious dress at princely rank
Character
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 103-105
AD 909 開平三年九月
Item white silk and silver-saddled horses 白綾、銀鞍轡馬 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 2
Item armor and horses 鎧馬 · Relation Presented monthly · With Founder of Later Liang (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 79
Item household wealth 家財 · Relation Offered in tribute · With Founder of Later Liang (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 78
Item pagoda of Master Wuwei 無畏師塔 · Relation Opened for rain prayer · At Longmen Guanghua Temple 龍門廣化寺 · Mode named-source-report Source Work Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry 洛陽縉紳舊聞記
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 57-58
Item sobering stone from Li Deyu's Pingquan estate 李太尉平泉莊醒酒石 · Relation Sought
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 142

Source notes

Liang History euphemizes; tradition reports household violation
Field Liang-Founder-visit-account · Witness Liang History vs transmitted tradition
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 119-120, 123
Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 101; Old History of the Five Dynasties 22, passage 94; Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 109; Old History of the Five Dynasties 33, passage 16; Old History of the Five Dynasties 34, passage 110; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passages 1, 74, 131, 222; New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passages 109, 140
Value historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 93, passage 43
nearly thirty years of service 垂三十年
Statement Served the Zhu clan for nearly thirty years
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 78
thirty-plus years developing Luoyang resources 三十餘年，洛城四面，開荒劚棘，招聚軍賦
Statement For more than thirty years cleared land around Luoyang, gathered military supplies, and funded the Founder's rise
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 83
governed Luo, Yan, Shan, Hua, Song; thrice Heyang; twice Xuzhou; twenty-nine posts; forty years over Yellow River and Luo regions
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 102

Show 7 more source-backed claims

From Quanyi 全義 · To Zongshi 宗奭 · Authority Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 20
From Yan 言 · To Quanyi 全義 · Authority Zhaozong (唐昭宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 19
AD 923 莊宗定河南
To Quanyi 全義 · By Person Id Emperor Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 3
From Quanyi 全義 · To Zongyi 宗奭 · By Person Id Liang Founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 2
From Juyan 居言 · To Quanyi 全義 · Granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 2
To Quanyi 全義 · dropped the Liang-bestowed name and asked to restore the former name
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 35
To Loyal and Solemn 忠肅 · posthumous name
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 45, passage 52

References in the histories

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History

184 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 3Volume 3 Book of Later Liang 3: Taizu Annals 3 · 2 passages

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進封河南尹兼河陽節度使張全義為魏王，兩浙節度使錢鏐進封吳越王。 Zhang Quanyi of Henan and Heyang was raised to Prince of Wei; Qian Liu of the two Zhes to King of Wu and Yue.

河南尹張全義進開平元年已前羨余錢十萬貫、綢六千匹、綿三十萬兩，仍請每年上供定額每歲貢絹三萬匹，以為常式。 Zhang Quanyi of Henan offered a hundred thousand strings of surplus coin from before Kaiping 1, six thousand bolts of silk, and three hundred thousand taels of cotton, and asked that thirty thousand bolts of silk yearly be fixed as tribute.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 5Volume 5 Book of Later Liang 5: Taizu Annals 5 · 3 passages

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賜張宗奭、楊師厚白綾各三百匹，銀鞍轡馬。 He gave Zhang Zongshi and Yang Shihou each three hundred bolts of white silk and horses fitted with silver saddles and bridles.

戊午，禦文明殿，冊太傅張宗奭太保韓建受冊畢。 On wuwu at Civilization Hall the investiture of Grand Tutor Zhang Zongshi and Grand Guardian Han Jian was completed.

賜宰臣張宗奭已下分物有加，賜廣王分物。 He gave Zhang Zongshi and those below extra shares and sent a share to the Prince of Guang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 6Volume 6 Book of Later Liang 6: Taizu Annals 6 · 3 passages

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諸道節度使錢鏐、張宗奭、馬殷、王審知、劉隱各賜一子六品正員官，高季昌賜一子八品正員官，賀德倫賜一子九品正員官。 Commissioners Qian Liu, Zhang Zongshi, Ma Yin, Wang Shenzhi, and Liu Yin each received a regular sixth-rank post for a son; Gao Jichang an eighth-rank post; He Delun a ninth-rank post.

癸巳，觀稼于伊水，登建春門，幸會節坊張宗奭私第，臨亭皋視物色，賞賜甚厚。 On guisi he inspected crops on the Yi, climbed Jianchun Gate, visited Zhang Zongshi’s mansion in Huijie Ward, looked out from the pavilion over the landscape, and gave lavish rewards.

自辛丑幸會節坊張宗奭私第，宰臣視事於歸仁亭子，崇政使、內諸司及翰林院並止于河南令廨署，至甲辰，復歸大內。 From xinchou he stayed at Zhang Zongshi’s mansion in Huijie Ward; chief ministers worked from Guiren Pavilion; Chongzheng staff, inner offices, and the Hanlin lodged at the Henan prefect’s offices until jiachen, when he returned to the palace.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 7Volume 7 Book of Later Liang 7: Taizu Annals 7 · 4 passages

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壬戌，帝將巡按北境，中外戒嚴，詔以河南尹、守中書令、判六軍事張宗奭為大內留守。 On renxu, as the Emperor prepared to inspect the northern border, court and realm went on alert; Zhang Zongshi, Henan intendant, keeper of the Secretariat, and director of the Six Armies, was named Grand Inner Custodian.

庚辰，發自鄭州，至滎陽，河南尹魏王宗奭望塵迎拜； On gengchen he set out from Zhengzhou and reached Xingyang; Henan Intendant Prince of Wei Zongshi met him bowing in the dust;

夕次汜水縣，帝召魏王宗奭入對，便於御前賜食，數刻乃退。 That night he stopped at Sishui; the Emperor called Prince of Wei Zongshi to audience, fed him before the throne, and after some time sent him away.

《五代會要》：其年六月，廢建昌宮，以河南尹、魏王張宗奭為國計使，凡天下金穀兵戎舊隸建昌宮者，悉主之。《Five Dynasties Huiyao》: In the sixth month Jianchang Palace was abolished and Prince of Wei Zhang Zongshi, Henan intendant, became state comptroller, taking over all grain, funds, and troops formerly held by the palace.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 9Volume 9 Book of Later Liang 9: Later Emperors Annals 2 · 2 passages

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壬戌，以守太尉、兼中書令、河南尹、判六軍諸衛事、魏王張宗奭為天下兵馬副元帥。 On renxu, Zhang Zongshi, Prince of Wei—acting Grand Preceptor, Grand Counselor, Henan prefect, and overseer of the Six Armies and Guards—was named deputy marshal of all armies.

甲戌，以天下兵馬副元帥、太尉、兼中書令、河南尹、魏王張宗奭為西都留守。 On jiaxu, Zhang Zongshi, deputy marshal, Grand Preceptor, Grand Counselor, Henan prefect, and Prince of Wei, was made Western Capital custodian.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 10Volume 10 Book of Later Liang 10: Later Emperors Annals 3 · 1 passage

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尋詔河南尹張全義收葬之，其首藏於太社。 He ordered Zhang Quanyi to bury the body; the head was kept at the Grand Altar.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 16Volume 16 Book of Later Liang 16: Biographies 6: Ge Congzhou, Xie Yanzhang, He Zhen, Zhang Guiba, Zhang Guihou, Zhang Guibian · 1 passage

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李罕之引並人圍張全義於河陽，從周與丁會、張存敬、牛存節率兵赴援，大破並軍，殺蕃漢二萬人，解河陽之圍，以功表授檢校工部尚書。 He relieved Heyang from Li Hanzhi's Jin siege, killed twenty thousand, and became honorary Minister of Works.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 19Volume 19 Book of Later Liang 19: Biographies 9: Shi Shucong, Zhu Yougong, Wang Zhongshi, Zhu Zhen, Li Si'an, Deng Jiyun, Huang Wenjing, Hu Gui, Li Dang, Li Zhongyin, Fan Jushi · 1 passage

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乾化元年，詔修洛河堤堰，軍士因之斬伐百姓園林太甚，河南尹張宗奭奏之，規得罪，賜死。 In Qianhua 1 an edict ordered repairs on the Luo River dikes; soldiers used the work to strip commoners' gardens and groves, and Henan governor Zhang Zongshi reported it; Gui was condemned and put to death.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 20Volume 20 Book of Later Liang 20: Biographies 10: Xie Tong, Si Maye, Liu Han, Wang Jinrao, Gao Shao, Ma Sixun, Zhang Cunjin, Kou Yanqing · 1 passage

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光啟中，李罕之會晉軍圍張宗奭於盟津，太祖遣丁會、葛從周、存敬同往馳救。 In Guangqi, Li Hanzhi and the Jin besieged Zhang Zongshi at Mengjin; the Founder sent Ding Hui, Ge Congzhou, and Cunjin to relieve him.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 22Volume 22 Book of Later Liang 22: Biographies 12: Yang Shihou, Niu Cunjie, Wang Tan · 2 passages

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文德元年夏，李罕之以並軍圍張宗奭於河陽，太祖遣存節率軍赴之。 In the summer of Wende 1 Li Hanzhi besieged Zhang Zongshuang at Heyang with Bing troops; the Founder sent Cunjie to relieve him.

河南留守張全義召存節謀，遂以本軍及右龍虎、羽林等軍往應接上黨。 Zhang Quanyi, regent of Henan, called Cunjie; he marched his own troops plus the Right Dragon-Tiger and Feathered Forest to relieve Shangdang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 23Volume 23 Book of Later Liang 23: Biographies 13: Liu Xun, He Gui, Kang Huaiying, Wang Jingren · 1 passage

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及兵敗，詔歸洛，河南尹張宗奭承朝廷密旨，逼令飲鴆而卒。 After the defeat he was recalled to Luoyang; Henan governor Zhang Zongshi, acting on a secret order, forced him to take poison.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 24Volume 24 Book of Later Liang 24: Biographies 14: Li Ting, Lu Ceng, Sun Zhi, Zhang Jun, Zhang Yan, Du Xunhe, Luo Yin, Chou Yin, Duan Shen · 2 passages

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張衍，字元用，河南尹魏王宗奭之猶子也。 Zhang Yan, styled Yuanyong, was a nephew of Henan prefect and Prince of Wei Zong Shi.

唐昭宗東遷，以宗奭勳力隆峻，衍由校書郎拜左拾遺，旋召為翰林學士。 When Zhaozong moved east, on Zong Shi's great merit Yan rose from collating clerk to Left Collector and Memorialist and was soon made Hanlin academician.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 31Volume 31 Book of Later Tang 7: Zhuangzong Annals 5 · 2 passages

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辛巳，以檢校太師、守尚書令、河南尹、判六軍諸衛事、魏王張全義為守太尉、兼中書令、河陽節度使、河南尹，改封齊王。 On xinsi Zhang Quanyi became Grand Preceptor, chief minister, Heyang commissioner, and Prince of Qi.

幸左龍武軍，以皇子繼岌代張全義判六軍諸衛事故也。 Cunxu visited the Left Dragon Martial Army as Prince Jiji took over Zhang Quanyi's charge of the Six Armies and Guards.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 33Volume 33 Book of Later Tang 9: Zhuangzong Annals 7 · 1 passage

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以刑部尚書李琪充大行皇太后山陵禮儀使，河南尹張全義充山陵橋道排頓使，孔謙充監護使。 Li Qi of Punishments led the dowager's tomb rites; Zhang Quanyi of Henan handled roads and supply; Kong Qian oversaw the work.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 34Volume 34 Book of Later Tang 10: Zhuangzong Annals 8 · 4 passages

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壬子，以守太尉、中書令、河南尹兼河陽節度使、齊王張全義為檢校太師、兼尚書令，充許州節度使。 On renzi Zhang Quanyi—acting Grand Preceptor, Secretariat director, Henan prefect, and Heyang commissioner—became Grand Preceptor and Secretariat director and took Xu as military commissioner.

河南尹張全義亦奏云：「河朔多事，久則患生，宜令總管進兵。 Zhang Quanyi of Henan also said, "Hebei has many troubles; delay breeds more—order the overall commander forward.

魏王繼岌傳送郭崇韜父子首函至闕下，詔張全義收瘞之。 Jiji sent Guo Chongtao's and his son's heads in a box to court; Cunxu ordered Zhang Quanyi to bury them.

是日，忠武軍節度使、齊王張全義薨。 That day Zhang Quanyi, Zhongwu commissioner and Prince of Qi, died.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 36Volume 36 Book of Later Tang 12: Mingzong Annals 2 · 1 passage

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故忠武軍節度使、檢校太師、兼尚書令、齊王張全義贈太師，以前尚書右丞崔沂為尚書左丞。 Zhang Quanyi, late Zhongwu commissioner and Prince of Qi, was posthumously made grand preceptor; Cui Yi became left assistant minister.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 37Volume 37 Book of Later Tang 13: Mingzong Annals 3 · 1 passage

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癸未，文武百僚至張全義私第柩前立班辭，以來月二日葬故也。 On guiwei officials lined up at Zhang Quanyi's house to mourn before his burial on the second of the next month.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 40Volume 40 Book of Later Tang 16: Mingzong Annals 6 · 1 passage

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京城內有南州、北州，乃張全義光啟中所築。 The capital held Southern and Northern wards that Zhang Quanyi had built in the Guangqi era.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 53Volume 53 Book of Later Tang 29: Biographies 5: Li Cunxin, Li Cunxiao, Li Cunjin, Li Cunzhang, Li Cunxian · 1 passage

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時汴將硃崇節入潞州，梁祖令張全義攻澤州。 The Bian general Zhu Chongjie had meanwhile entered Luzhou, and the Liang Founder ordered Zhang Quanyi to assault Ze Prefecture.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 58Volume 58 Book of Later Tang 34: Biographies 10: Zhao Guangfeng, Zheng Jue, Cui Xie, Li Qi, Xiao Qing · 5 passages

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後二十年，金無所歸，納於河南尹張全義，請付諸宮觀，其舊封尚在。 Twenty years later, with no heir to claim it, he turned the gold over to Zhang Quanyi, prefect of Henan, asking that it be delivered to the temples; the original seal was still intact.

父徽，河南尹張全義判官。 His father Hui had been a legal officer under Zhang Quanyi, prefect of Henan.

〈（《歐陽史》云：玨少依全義居河南，舉進士數不中，全義以玨屬有司，乃得及第。）〉 (According to the 《Ouyang's History》: Jue in his youth lived under Zhang Quanyi's patronage in Henan. He failed the jinshi examination several times until Quanyi intervened with the authorities, after which he passed.)〉

玨文章美麗，旨趣雍容，自策名登朝，張全義皆有力焉。 Jue's prose was elegant and his manner gracious. From the time he entered official life, Zhang Quanyi had advanced his career at every step.

張全義言於郭崇韜，將復相之，尋入為太子賓客。 Zhang Quanyi spoke to Guo Chongtao about restoring him as chief minister, and he was soon recalled as guest of the heir apparent.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 60Volume 60 Book of Later Tang 36: Biographies 12: Li Xiji, Wang Jian, Li Jingyi, Lu Rubi, Li Dexiu, Su Xun · 8 passages

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為河南尹張全義所和，歲時給遺特厚，出入其門，欲署幕職，堅辭不就。 Henan prefect Zhang Quanyi befriended him and sent lavish seasonal gifts; Jingyi frequented his house, but when Quanyi offered a staff post he firmly refused.

洎巢、蔡之亂，洛都灰燼，全義披榛而創都邑，李氏花木，多為都下移掘，樵人鬻賣，園亭掃地矣。 When the rebellions of Huang Chao and Cai engulfed Luoyang, the capital lay in ashes; Quanyi hacked through the ruins to rebuild the city. The Li family's plants were dug up and carted away, sold by woodcutters until the gardens stood bare.

光化初，中使有監全義軍得此石，置於家園。 Early in the Guanghua reign an imperial eunuch supervising Quanyi's army took the stone for his private garden.

敬義知之，泣渭全義曰：「平泉別業，吾祖戒約甚嚴，子孫不肖，動違先旨。」 When Jingyi learned of it he wept and said to Quanyi, "At the Pingquan villa my grandfather's admonitions were strict; his unworthy descendants have again broken his will."

因托全義請石於監軍。 He asked Quanyi to request the stone back from the eunuch commander.

他日宴會，全義謂監軍曰：「李員外泣告，言內侍得衛公醒酒石，其祖戒堪哀，內侍能回遺否？」 At a later banquet Quanyi told the eunuch, "Vice Director Li came weeping to say you took Duke Wei's sobering stone; his grandfather's admonition makes the loss pitiable—can you return it?"

全義始受黃巢偽命，以為詬己，大怒曰：「吾今為唐臣，非巢賊也。」 Quanyi had once accepted a post under Huang Chao and took the remark as a personal insult; he roared, "I am a minister of Tang now, not Huang Chao's creature."

時全義既不能庇護，乃密托楊師厚，令敬義潛往依之，因挈族客居衛州者累年，師厚給遺周厚。 Quanyi could no longer protect him and secretly asked Yang Shihou to take him in; Jingyi brought his clan to live as guests at Weizhou for years, and Shihou supported them generously.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 63Volume 63 Book of Later Tang 39: Biographies 15: Zhang Quanyi, Zhu Youqian · 76 passages

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張全義，字國維，濮州臨濮人。 Zhang Quanyi, whose courtesy name was Guowei, came from Linpu in Puzhou.

初名居言，賜名全義，梁祖改為宗奭； He was originally named Juyan, was granted the name Quanyi, and the Liang Founder renamed him Zongyi;

莊宗定河南，復名全義。 After Emperor Zhuangzong secured Henan, his name was restored to Quanyi.

全義為縣嗇夫，嘗為令所辱。 Quanyi worked as a county grain clerk and had once been humiliated by the local magistrate.

乾符末，黃巢起冤句，全義亡命入巢軍。 When Huang Chao rebelled at Yuanqu in the final years of Qianfu, Quanyi fled and joined his forces.

巢入長安，以全義為吏部尚書，充水運使。 After Chao took Chang'an, he made Quanyi Minister of the Civil Office and Superintendent of Water Transport.

巢敗，依諸葛爽於河陽，累遷至裨校，屢有戰功，爽表為澤州刺史。 When Chao fell, Quanyi attached himself to Zhuge Shuang at Heyang, rose through the ranks to junior officer with repeated distinctions in battle, and Shuang recommended him as prefect of Zezhou.

經遣全義拒之，全義乃與罕之同盟結義，返攻經於河陽，為經所敗，收合餘眾，與罕之據懷州，乞師於武皇。 Liu sent Quanyi to oppose him, but Quanyi instead allied with Hanzhi and turned on Liu at Heyang; defeated, he regrouped, joined Hanzhi in holding Huaizhou, and sought aid from the Martial Emperor.

武皇遣澤州刺史安金俊助之，進攻河陽，劉經、仲方委城奔汴，罕之遂自領河陽，表全義為河南尹。 The Martial Emperor sent An Jinjun, prefect of Zezhou, to help; they attacked Heyang; Liu and Zhongfang abandoned the city for Bian; Hanzhi took Heyang himself and recommended Quanyi as Intendant of Henan.

全義性勤儉，善撫軍民，雖賊寇充斥，而勸耕務農，由是倉儲殷積。 By nature industrious and frugal, Quanyi excelled at governing soldiers and civilians alike; despite banditry everywhere, he promoted farming, and his storehouses grew full.

〈（王始至洛，於麾下百人中，選可使者一十八人，命之曰屯將。 (When the Prince first came to Luoyang, he picked eighteen capable men from his hundred followers and appointed them Garrison Commanders.

王於百人中，又選可使者十八人，命之曰屯副，民之來者撫綏之，除殺人者死，餘但加杖而已，無重刑，無租稅，流民之歸漸眾。 From the same hundred men he chose eighteen more as Garrison Deputies to settle newcomers; only murderers were executed, all other offenses meriting no more than a beating; there were no harsh penalties and no taxes, and the returning population swelled.

王又於麾下選書計一十八人，命之曰屯判官。 He also chose eighteen clerks from his staff and made them Garrison Administrative Officers.

王命農隙，每選丁夫授以弓矢槍劍，為坐作進退之法。 During the farming off-season he selected able-bodied men, armed them with bows, arrows, spears, and swords, and drilled them in formation movements.

罕之貪暴不法，軍中乏食，每取給於全義。 Hanzhi was greedy and brutal; his troops were short of food and constantly drew supplies from Quanyi.

二人初相得甚歡，而至是求取無厭，動加淩轢，全義苦之。 They had begun on excellent terms, but now Hanzhi's demands were endless and his bullying constant, and Quanyi was worn down by it.

文德元年四月，罕之出軍寇晉、絳，全義乘其無備，潛兵襲取河陽，全義乃兼領河陽節度。 In the fourth month of Wende 1, Hanzhi marched out to raid Jin and Jiang; Quanyi struck while he was unprepared, seized Heyang by surprise, and took the Heyang command as well.

〈（《洛陽搢紳舊聞記》云：罕之鎮三城，知王專以教民耕織為務，常宣言於眾曰：「田舍翁何足憚。」 (According to 《Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry》, Hanzhi held the Three Cities and knew the Prince cared only for teaching farming and weaving; he would tell his men, "What is there to fear from a country bumpkin."

王聞之，蔑如也。 The Prince heard this and paid it no heed.

每飛尺書於王，求軍食及縑帛，王曰：「李太傅所要，不得不奉之。」 Whenever Hanzhi sent urgent demands for provisions and silk, the Prince would say, "Whatever Grand Mentor Li wants, we must provide it."

左右及賓席咸以為不可與，王曰：「第與之。」 His attendants and guests all objected, but the Prince said, "Give it to him anyway."

罕之謂王畏己，不設備。 Hanzhi concluded the Prince feared him and let his guard down.

因罕之舉兵收懷、澤，王乃密召屯兵，潛師夜發，遲明入三城。 When Hanzhi marched out to recover Huai and Ze, the Prince secretly mobilized his garrison troops, marched by night, and at dawn took the Three Cities.

罕之乃逃遁投河東，朝廷即授王兼鎮三城。）〉 Hanzhi fled to Hedong, and the court promptly gave the Prince concurrent command of all three cities.)〉

梁祖以丁會守河陽，全義復為河南尹、檢校司空。 The Liang Founder put Ding Hui in charge of Heyang, and Quanyi was restored as Intendant of Henan and Acting Minister of Works.

全義感梁祖援助之恩，自是依附，皆從其制。 Grateful for the Liang Founder's support, Quanyi from then on submitted to him in all things.

全義初至，惟與部下聚居故市，井邑窮民，不滿百戶。 When Quanyi first arrived, he and his men settled in the old market district among fewer than a hundred destitute households.

全義善於撫納，課部人披榛種藝，且耕且戰，以粟易牛，歲滋墾辟，招復流散，待之如子。 Skilled at winning people over, he had his men clear the brambles and plant crops, farming between battles and trading grain for oxen; each year brought more land under cultivation, and he drew back the displaced and treated them like his own children.

每農祥勸耕之始，全義必自立畎畝，餉以酒食，政寬事簡，吏不敢欺。 At the start of each planting season he worked the fields himself and feasted the farmers; with lenient rule and simple administration, his officials dared not cheat.

〈（《洛陽縉紳舊聞記》：王每喜民力耕織者，某家今年蠶麥善，去都城一舍之內，必馬足及之，悉召其家老幼，親慰勞之，賜以酒食茶彩，丈夫遺之布褲，婦人裙衫，時民間尚衣青，婦人皆青絹為之。 (《Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry》 records that whenever a household excelled at farming and weaving, if their silkworms and wheat were good that year and they lived within a day's ride of the capital, he would go in person, summon the whole family, comfort them, and give wine, food, tea, and gifts—trousers for the men, skirts for the women, all in the blue silk the people then favored.

取其新麥新繭，對之喜動顏色，民間有竊言者曰：「大王見好聲妓，等閑不笑，惟見好蠶麥即笑爾。」 Presented with fresh wheat and cocoons, his face lit up with joy; people whispered, "The Prince never smiles for fine entertainers, but good silkworms and wheat always make him smile."

王誠信，每水旱祈祭，必具湯沐，素食別寢，至祠祭所，儼然若對至尊，容如不足。 Deeply devout, whenever he prayed in drought or flood he bathed, ate vegetarian food in a separate room, and at the shrine conducted himself with the solemnity due a sovereign, humble in every gesture.

遇旱，祈禱未雨，左右必曰：「王可開塔」，即無畏師塔也，在龍門廣化寺。 In drought, before rain came his attendants would say, "Your Highness should open the pagoda"—meaning the pagoda of Master Wuwei at Guanghua Temple on Longmen.

王即依言而開塔，未嘗不澍雨，故當時俚諺云：「王禱雨，買雨具。」）〉 He would open it as advised, and rain invariably followed; hence the saying, "When the Prince prays for rain, buy yourself an umbrella.")〉

梁祖迫昭宗東遷，命全義繕治洛陽宮城，累年方集。 When the Liang Founder compelled Emperor Zhaozong to move east, he ordered Quanyi to restore the Luoyang palace, a task that took years to complete.

昭宗至洛陽，梁祖將圖禪代，慮全義心有異同，乃以判官韋震為河南尹，遂移全義為天平軍節度使、守中書令、東平王。 When Zhaozong reached Luoyang, the Founder planned his takeover and feared Quanyi's loyalty; he replaced him with his aide Wei Zhen as Intendant of Henan and moved Quanyi to the Tianping command as Guardian Minister of the Central Secretariat and Prince of Dongping.

〈（《洛陽搢紳舊聞記》：齊王與梁祖互為中書令、尚書令，及梁祖兼四鎮，齊王累表讓兼鎮，蓋潛識梁祖奸雄，避其權位，欲圖自全之計。 (《Old Tales of Luoyang Gentry》 notes that the Prince of Qi and the Liang Founder had each served as Minister of the Central Secretariat and Minister of the Imperial Secretariat; when the Founder took four commands concurrently, the Prince repeatedly asked to yield his concurrent posts, having sensed the Founder's ambition and seeking to keep himself safe.

梁祖經營霸業，外則干戈屢動，內則帑庾俱虛，齊王悉心盡力，傾竭財資助之。）〉 As the Founder built his empire, wars abroad and empty treasuries at home, the Prince of Qi gave his full support and poured out his wealth to sustain him.)〉

十月，復以全義為河南尹，兼忠武軍節度使、判六軍諸衛事。 In the tenth month Quanyi was restored as Intendant of Henan, with the Zhongwu command and authority over the Six Armies and palace guards.

梁祖建號，以全義兼河陽節度使，封魏王。 When the Liang Founder proclaimed his dynasty, Quanyi received the Heyang command as well and was enfeoffed as Prince of Wei.

二年，朱友珪篡逆，以全義為守太尉、河南尹、宋亳節度使兼國計使。 In year 2, after Zhu Yougui's coup, Quanyi was made Guardian Grand Commandant, Intendant of Henan, governor of Song and Bo, and Commissioner of National Accounts.

梁末帝嗣位於汴，以全義為洛京留守，兼鎮河陽。 When the Last Liang Emperor succeeded at Bian, Quanyi became garrison commander of the Luoyang capital and held Heyang as well.

全義知其不可，遣使啟梁末帝曰：「老臣受先朝重顧，蒙陛下委以副元帥之名。 Quanyi saw this would not work and sent word to the Last Emperor: "Your servant received great favor from the former court and was honored with the post of Deputy Commander-in-Chief.

全義托朱氏垂三十年，梁祖末年，猜忌宿將，欲害全義者數四，全義單身曲事，悉以家財貢奉。 Quanyi had served the Zhu clan for nearly thirty years; in the Founder's last years, suspicious of veteran generals, he tried four times to have Quanyi killed; Quanyi humbled himself alone and offered up his entire fortune in tribute.

洎梁祖河朔喪師之後，月獻鎧馬，以補其軍； After the Founder lost his Hebei campaign, Quanyi sent armor and horses every month to replenish the army;

全義妻儲氏，明敏有才略。 Quanyi's wife, Lady Chu, was intelligent and resourceful.

梁祖自柏鄉失律後，連年親征河朔，心疑全義，或左右讒間，儲氏每入宮，委曲伸理。 After the disaster at Baxiang the Founder campaigned in Hebei year after year and grew suspicious of Quanyi, with courtiers sometimes slandering him; Lady Chu would visit the palace and patiently set matters straight.

有時怒不可測，急召全義，儲氏謁見梁祖，厲聲言曰：「宗奭種田叟耳，三十餘年，洛城四面，開荒劚棘，招聚軍賦，資陛下創業。 When the Founder's anger was unpredictable and he urgently summoned Quanyi, Lady Chu confronted him and said sharply, "Zongyi is nothing but a farmer; for thirty years he cleared the land around Luoyang, gathered supplies, and funded Your Majesty's rise to power.

〈（《齊王外傳》云：梁祖猜忌王，慮為後患，前後欲殺之者數四，夫人儲氏麵請梁祖得免，梁祖遂以其子福王納齊王之女。）〉 (The Unofficial Biography of the Prince of Qi records that the Founder suspected the Prince and tried four times to kill him; Lady Chu pleaded with him in person and saved her husband; the Founder then had his son the Prince of Fu marry the Prince of Qi's daughter.)

莊宗平梁，全義自洛赴覲，泥首待罪。 When Emperor Zhuangzong conquered Liang, Quanyi came from Luoyang to court, prostrating himself to await judgment.

至是，全義乃奏曰：「請陛下便幸洛陽，臣已有郊禮之備。」 Now Quanyi memorialized, "I beg Your Majesty to come to Luoyang at once; I have already prepared everything for the suburban sacrifice."

翌日，製以全義復為尚書令、魏王、河南尹。 The next day he was restored as Minister of the Imperial Secretariat, Prince of Wei, and Intendant of Henan.

明年二月，郊禋禮畢，以全義為守太尉中書令、河南尹，改封齊王，兼領河陽。 The following second month, after the suburban sacrifices were completed, he was made Guardian Grand Commandant and Minister of the Central Secretariat, Intendant of Henan, enfeoffed as Prince of Qi, and given Heyang as well.

先是，朱梁時供禦所費，皆出河南府，其後孔謙侵削其權，中官各領內司使務，或豪奪其田園居第，全義乃悉錄進納。 Under the Liang, imperial expenses had all been borne by the Henan prefecture; later Kong Qian stripped his authority, eunuchs took over inner bureau affairs, and some seized his estates by force; Quanyi then registered everything and turned it all over to the court.

全義以臥疾聞變，憂懼不食，薨於洛陽私第，時年七十五。 Bedridden, Quanyi heard of the upheaval, grew so anxious he would not eat, and died at his home in Luoyang at the age of seventy-five.

天成初，冊贈太師，諡曰忠肅。 Early in Tiancheng he was posthumously honored as Grand Preceptor with the posthumous name Loyal and Solemn.

全義曆守太師、太傅、太尉、中書令，封王，邑萬三千戶。 Over his career Quanyi served as Grand Preceptor, Grand Tutor, Grand Commandant, and Minister of the Central Secretariat, was created a prince, and received a fief of thirteen thousand households.

全義樸厚大度，敦本務實，起戰士而忘功名，尊儒業而樂善道。 Plain, generous, and grounded in practical work, he had risen from the ranks yet cared little for glory, honored scholarship, and took pleasure in doing good.

自莊宗至洛陽，趨向者皆由徑以希恩寵，全義不改素履，盡誠而已。 When Emperor Zhuangzong reached Luoyang, courtiers scrambled for favor by every shortcut; Quanyi kept his old ways and offered only straightforward loyalty.

言事者以梁祖為我世讎，宜斫棺燔柩，全義獨上章申理，議者嘉之。 Memorialists urged that the Liang Founder's body be disinterred and burned as the dynasty's ancient enemy; Quanyi alone memorialized in defense of proper treatment, and critics applauded him.

劉皇后嘗從莊宗幸其第，奏云：「妾孩幼遇亂，失父母，欲拜全義為義父。」 Empress Liu once accompanied Zhuangzong to his house and said, "In childhood I was orphaned by the wars and wish to take Quanyi as my adoptive father."

全義稽首奏曰：「皇后萬國之母儀，古今未有此事，臣無地自處。」 Quanyi kowtowed and protested, "The Empress is mother to the realm; such a thing is unheard of in history, and I have no place to put myself."

然全義少長軍中，立性樸滯，凡百姓有詞訟，以先訴者為得理，以是人多枉濫，為時所非。 Yet he had grown up in the army and was slow by nature: in lawsuits whoever came first was deemed right, so many suffered injustice and contemporaries faulted him for it.

〈（《五代史闕文》：梁乾化元年七月辛丑，梁祖幸全義私第。 (Supplemental Texts of the Five Dynasties: On the xinchou day of the seventh month of Liang's first Qianhua year, the Liang Founder visited Quanyi at his private residence.

梁史稱：「上不豫，厭秋暑，幸宗奭私第數日，宰臣視事於仁政亭，崇政諸司並止於河南府廨署。」 The Liang History says, "The emperor was unwell and, weary of the autumn heat, stayed several days at Zongyi's home while the chief ministers handled affairs at the Hall of Benevolent Government and Chongzheng offices were lodged at the Henan prefecture."

世傳梁祖亂全義之家，婦女悉皆進禦，其子繼祚不勝憤恥，欲事刂刃於梁祖。 Tradition holds that the Liang Founder ravaged Quanyi's household, that all the women were taken for the palace, and that his son Jizuo, shamed beyond bearing, meant to strike the Founder down.

全義止之曰：「吾頃在河陽，遭李罕之之難，引太原軍圍閉經年，啖木屑以度朝夕，死在頃刻，得他救援，以至今日，此恩不可負也。」 Quanyi stopped him, saying, "When I was at Heyang, Li Hanzhi brought the Taiyuan army to besiege me for a full year. I survived from day to day on wood shavings and expected death at any moment, until another came to my rescue and brought me to where I am today. I cannot betray that kindness."

況全義本出巢賊，敗依河陽節度使諸葛爽，爽用為澤州刺史，及爽死，全義事爽子仲方，即與李罕之同逐仲方，罕之帥河陽，全義為河南尹，未幾，又逐罕之，自據河陽，其翻覆也如此。 Moreover Quanyi had begun among Huang Chao's rebels, then attached himself to Zhuge Shuang of Heyang, who made him prefect of Zezhou; after Shuang's death he served Shuang's son Zhongfang, then with Li Hanzhi expelled Zhongfang; when Hanzhi held Heyang, Quanyi became Intendant of Henan, and soon expelled Hanzhi to seize Heyang himself—so fickle was his course.

莊宗平中原，全義合與敬翔、李振等族誅，又通賂於劉皇后，乘莊宗幸洛，言臣已有郊天費用。 When Zhuangzong conquered the Central Plain, Quanyi deserved execution with Jing Xiang, Li Zhen, and their kin; he bribed Empress Liu and, when Zhuangzong came to Luoyang, claimed he already had funds for the suburban sacrifice.

夫全義匹夫也，豈能自殖財賦，其剝下奉上也又如此。 A commoner like Quanyi could not have amassed such wealth on his own; he extorted the people to court the throne just as before.

晚年保證明宗，欲為子孫之福，師方渡河，鄴都兵亂，全義憂憾不食，終以餓死。 In old age he backed Mingzong, hoping to secure his line; when the Yedu mutiny broke out as the army crossed the river, he grieved himself into refusing food and starved to death.

河南令羅貫，方正文章之士，事全義稍慢，全義怒告劉皇后，斃貫於枯木之下，朝野冤之。 Luo Guan of Henan, a principled scholar-official, showed Quanyi slight disrespect; Quanyi complained to Empress Liu and had him killed under a dead tree, to the outrage of court and country.

洛陽監軍使嘗收得李太尉平泉莊醒酒石，全義求之，監軍不與，全義立殺之，其附勢作威也又如此。 When the Luoyang army supervisor acquired the sobering stone from Chancellor Li Deyu's Pingquan estate, Quanyi demanded it; refused, he had the man killed on the spot—another instance of bullying by power.

臣讀《莊宗實錄》，見史官敘《全義傳》，虛美尤甚，至今負俗無識之士，尚以全義為名臣，故因補闕文，粗論事跡雲。）〉 Reading Zhuangzong's Veritable Records, I find the historians' account of Quanyi extravagantly flattering; vulgar men even now call him a great minister—hence this supplement, a rough review of his career.)〉

史臣曰：全義一逢亂世，十領名藩，而能免梁祖之雄猜，受莊宗之厚遇，雖由恭順，亦係貨財。 The historian remarks: Quanyi lived through chaotic times and held ten famous commands, yet escaped the Liang Founder's fierce suspicion and won Emperor Zhuangzong's generous favor—deference helped, but so did his wealth.

《傳》所謂「貨以藩身」者，全義得之矣。 What the Commentary calls "using wealth to preserve oneself in office," Quanyi exemplified.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 68Volume 68 Book of Later Tang 44: Biographies 20: Xue Tinggui, Cui Yi, Liu Yue, Liu Ye, Feng Shunqing, Dou Mengzheng, Li Baoyin, Gui Ai, Kong, Miao, Zhang Wenbao, Chen Yi, Liu Zan · 3 passages

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時張全義留守、天下兵馬副元帥、河南尹、判六軍諸衛事、守太尉、中書令、魏王，名位之重，冠絕中外。 Zhang Quanyi then held the posts of protector-general, deputy commander-in-chief of all forces, prefect of Henan, controller of the six armies and all guards, acting grand preceptor, grand secretariat director, and Prince of Wei — titles whose weight surpassed every other figure at court or in the provinces.

沂至府，客將白以副留守合行廷禮，沂曰：「張公官位至重，然尚帶府尹之名，不知副留守見尹之儀何如？」 When Yi arrived at headquarters, a staff officer told him that as deputy protector he was expected to perform court ceremony. Yi replied, "Lord Zhang's rank is immense, yet he still holds the title of prefect — I am not sure what protocol a deputy protector should follow in meeting a prefect?"

全義知之，遽引見沂，勞曰：「彼此有禮，俱老矣，勿相勞煩。」 Quanyi heard of this, summoned Yi at once, and said kindly, "Let us observe courtesy between equals — we are both old men; spare each other the formalities."

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 71Volume 71 Book of Later Tang 47: Biographies 23: Ma Yu, Si Kongting, Cao Tingyin, Xiao Xifu, Yao Zongzhi, Jia Fu, Ma Gao, Luo Guan, Chun Yuyan, Zhang Ge, Xu Ji, Zhou Xuanbao · 3 passages

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先是，梁時張全義專製京畿，河南、洛陽僚佐，皆由其門下，事全義如廝仆。 Under Liang, Zhang Quanyi had monopolized the capital region; staff in Henan and Luoyang all entered through his patronage and served him like bond servants.

及貫授命，持本朝事體，奉全義稍慢，部民為府司庇護者，必奏正之。 Once Guan took office he upheld the proper forms of the new dynasty, treated Quanyi with less deference, and whenever locals were shielded by Quanyi's staff he reported them to the throne.

全義怒，因令女使告劉皇后從容白於莊宗，宦官又言其短，莊宗深怒之。 Quanyi, furious, had a female attendant ask Empress Liu to speak to Zhuangzong on his behalf; the eunuchs added their complaints, and Zhuangzong grew deeply angry.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 93Volume 93 Book of Later Jin 19: Biographies 8: Lu Zhi, Li Zhuanmei, Lu Zhan, Cui Zhuo, Xue Rong, Cao Guozhen, Zhang Renyuan, Zhao Xi, Li Xia, Yin Yuyu, Zheng Yunsou · 1 passage

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偽梁貞明中，河南尹張全義以專美名族之後，奏為陸渾尉，秩滿，改舞陽令。 During the Zhenming era of the Liang, Zhang Quanyi, Governor of Henan, because Zhuanmei came from a distinguished clan, had him appointed sheriff of Luhun; when his term ended he was made magistrate of Wuyang.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 96Volume 96 Book of Later Jin 22: Biographies 11: Kong Chongbi, Chen Baoji, Wang Yu, Zhang Jizuo, Zhen Ruan, Hu Rao, Liu Suiqing, Fang Gao, Meng Chenghui, Liu Jixun, Zheng Shouyi, Cheng Xun, Li Yu, Zheng Xuansu, Ma Zhongji, Chen Xuan · 4 passages

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張繼祚，故齊王全義之子也。 Zhang Jizuo was a son of the former prince of Qi, Quanyi.

始為河南府衙內指揮使，全義卒，除金吾將軍，旋授蔡州刺史，累官至檢校太保。 He began as commander of the Henan prefectural guard. After Quanyi's death he was made a general of the golden crow guard, soon received appointment as prefect of Cai, and eventually rose to honorary grand guardian.

及敗，宰臣桑維翰以父珙早事齊王，奏欲雪之，高祖不允， After the defeat, chief minister Sang Weihan—whose father Gong had long served the prince of Qi—memorialized to clear the family's name, but Gaozu refused,

〈（《通鑒》：史館修撰李濤上言：張全義有再造洛邑之功，乞免其族。 (Comprehensive Mirror: Li Tao of the historiography institute memorialized that Zhang Quanyi had restored Luoyang and asked that his clan be spared.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 102Volume 102 Book of Later Jin 4: Emperor Yin Annals 2 · 1 passage

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近代梁氏賜張宗奭妻號曰賢懿，又改為莊惠，今以吳氏為順德，皆非古之道也。」 In recent times the Liang granted Zhang Zongshi's wife the title Xianyi, then changed it to Zhuanghui. Now making Lady Wu Shunde—all depart from the ancient way."

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 2Volume 2 Later Liang Annals 2: Taizu 2 · 4 passages

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河南尹张宗奭留守西都。 Zhang Zongshi, prefect of Henan, stayed behind to guard the western capital.

癸巳，幸张宗奭第。 On the day guisi he paid a visit to Zhang Zongshi's mansion.

张宗奭留守西都。 Zhang Zongshi stayed behind to guard the western capital.

張宗奭留守西都。 Zhang Zongshi stayed behind to guard the western capital.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 5Volume 5 Later Tang Annals 2: Zhuangzong 2 · 2 passages

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二年春正月，河南尹張全義及諸鎮進暖殿物。 In the first month of Tongguang 2 (924), Zhang Quanyi of Henan and the frontier commands sent gifts for the winter hall.

十二月庚午，及皇后幸張全義第。 On gengwu of the twelfth month, the emperor and empress visited Zhang Quanyi.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 13Volume 13: The Later Liang Imperial Family · 1 passage

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莊宗入汴，命河南張全義葬其屍，藏其首於太社。 Zhuangzong entered Bian and ordered Zhang Quanyi of Henan to bury the body and keep the head in the state altar.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 14Volume 14: Taizu of Later Tang's Family · 2 passages

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其後幸張全義第，酒酣，命后拜全義為養父。 Later, drunk at Zhang Quanyi’s house, he made the empress bow to Quanyi as foster father.

全義日遣姬妾出入中宮，問遺不絕。 Quanyi sent concubines to the palace daily, gifts flowing without end.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 22Volume 22 Later Liang Biographies 2: Kang Huaiying, Liu Xun, Niu Cunjie, Zhang Guiba, Wang Zhongshi, Xu Huaiyu · 1 passage

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李罕之圍張全義於河陽，全義乞兵於梁，太祖以存節故事河陽，知其間道，使以兵為前鋒。 Li Hanzhi besieged Zhang Quanyi at Heyang; Quanyi begged Liang for help; Taizu knew Cunjie had served there before and knew the back roads, and sent him ahead as vanguard.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 44Volume 44 Miscellaneous Biographies 24: Liu Zhijun, Ding Hui, He Delun, Yan Bao, Kang Yanxiao · 1 passage

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光啟四年，東都張全義襲破河陽，逐李罕之，罕之召晉兵圍河陽，全義告急。 Guangqi 4: Zhang Quanyi of the eastern capital stormed Heyang and drove out Li Hanzhi. Hanzhi called Jin to besiege the city; Quanyi cried for help.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 45Volume 45 Miscellaneous Biographies 25: Zhang Quanyi, Zhu Youqian, Yuan Xiangxian, Zhu Hanbin, Duan Ning, Liu Qi, Zhou Zhiyu, Lu Siduo · 38 passages

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張全義 Zhang Quanyi

張全義，字國維，濮州臨濮人也。 Zhang Quanyi, styled Guowei, came from Linpu in Puzhou.

少以田家子役於縣，縣令數困辱之，全義因亡入黃巢賊中。 As a boy he did corvée for the county as a farmer’s son. The magistrate shamed him again and again; Quanyi ran off and joined Huang Chao’s rebels.

巢陷長安，以全義為吏部尚書、水運使。 When Chao seized Chang’an he made Quanyi Minister of the Civil Service and commissioner of water transport.

仲方為孫儒所逐，全義與李罕之分據河陽、洛陽以附於梁，二人相得甚歡。 Sun Ru drove out Zhongfang. Quanyi and Li Hanzhi split Heyang and Luoyang and came over to Liang. The two were fast friends.

全義勤儉，禦軍有法，督民耕殖。 Quanyi was thrifty, kept strict discipline in camp, and drove the people back to the fields.

以故，罕之常乏食，而全義常有餘。 So Hanzhi went hungry while Quanyi’s granaries stayed full.

罕之仰給全義，全義不能給，二人因有隙。 Hanzhi lived on Quanyi’s grain until Quanyi could give no more; then the friendship cracked.

罕之出兵攻晉、絳，全義襲取河陽，罕之奔晉，晉遣兵助罕之，圍全義甚急。 Hanzhi marched against Jin and Jiang Prefectures. Quanyi struck behind him and seized Heyang. Hanzhi fled to Jin, whose troops came to his aid and pressed Quanyi hard in siege.

全義乞兵於梁，梁遣牛存節、丁會等以兵萬人自九鼎渡河，擊敗罕之於沇水，晉軍解去。 Quanyi cried to Liang for men. Niu Cunjie and Ding Hui crossed at Jiuding with ten thousand troops, smashed Hanzhi on the Yan River, and Jin pulled away.

梁以丁會守河陽，全義還為河南尹。 Liang left Ding Hui in Heyang; Quanyi resumed as Intendant of Henan.