Li Sizhao (李嗣昭) | 24 Histories

Overview

Li Sizhao was a Late Tang and Jin general, military governor, and adopted son of Li Keyong.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Yiguang	益光	Yiguang
Childhood name	Jintong	進通	Jintong
Alternate name	Han	韓	Han

Life and dates

Death

AD 922 七月二十四日
Died of arrow wound to the head · Cause Battlefield wound
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 84
AD 922 天祐十九年夏四月
Cause arrow wound 流矢
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 113
AD 922 十九年
Died after campaign setback · At Zhenzhou 鎮州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 114
AD 922 十九年
Died of arrow wound to the skull after riding back to camp · At Jiumen / Zhenzhou front 九門
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 46
AD 922 十九年四月
struck by stray arrow 為流矢所中 · At in the army 於師
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 62, passage 96
AD 922 嗣昭既卒
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 92

Show 6 more source-backed claims

AD 922 天祐十九年四月
Killed in battle
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 71
AD 922 天贊初
Killed in battle
Directly stated · History of Liao 113, passage 7
AD 921 to AD 922 相次戰歿
Killed in battle
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 152
Fell in battle · At below Zhenzhou city 鎮州城下
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 146
Killed in battle
Directly stated · History of Liao 2, passage 53
Unspecified
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 68

Attested activity

AD 923 龍德三年春三月以前
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 145-146
AD 920 貞明六年九月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passages 45-46
AD 899 光化二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 145
AD 908 天祐五年九月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 90
AD 911 天祐八年三月二十七日
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 200
AD 911
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 65, passage 38

Show 75 more source-backed claims

AD 922 七月二十四日
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 82-84
AD 900 三年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passages 119-120; New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 184-185
AD 902 三月十一日翌日
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 31, 34, 37, 40, 42
AD 895 乾寧二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 206
AD 894 乾寧初
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 8
AD 902 二十一日
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 43
AD 899 二年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 183
AD 908 五年五月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 56-57, 59
AD 902 五月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 44
AD 900 光化三年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 19-21; New History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 6
AD 900 光化三年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 67
AD 900 光化三年九月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 22-23
AD 900 光化三年十月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 24-26
AD 898 光化元年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 16, passage 47
AD 898 光化元年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 182
AD 898 光化初
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 19, passage 155
AD 898 to AD 901 光化已後
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 25
AD 898 八月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 18
AD 906 六年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 142
AD 921 六年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 44
AD 901 六月
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 131
AD 920 其年九月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 105
AD 920 十七年六月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 69, 72, 76
AD 922 十九年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 78; Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 114; New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 44, 46
AD 922 十九年三月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 62, passage 95
AD 922 十九年冬
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 79-80
AD 921 十二月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 44
AD 919 十六年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 67-68
AD 900 to AD 922 同光前
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 74, passage 90
AD 894 to AD 922 嗣昭在世
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 190
AD 922 嗣昭既卒
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 88, 92
AD 922 to AD 923 嗣昭諸子
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 47
AD 897 四年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 9, 11
AD 907 四年六月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 53-55
AD 897 to AD 898 四年後潞州之役
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 12-13, 15-17
AD 901 to AD 904 天復中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 42
AD 901 天復元年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 16-17
AD 901 天復元年五月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 203
AD 901 天復元年六月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 204
AD 901 天復元年十一月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 206
AD 901 天復元年四月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 197, 201
AD 906 天祐三年
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 30
AD 906 天祐三年十一月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 46, 51-52
AD 920 天祐十七年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passages 27, 31; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 179
AD 916 天祐十三年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 28, passage 165
AD 922 天祐十九年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 85
AD 922 天祐十九年三月
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 70
AD 922 天祐十九年四月
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 71
AD 918 天祐十五年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 28, passage 271
AD 921 天祐十八年三月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 50; New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 61
AD 919 天祐十六年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 2
AD 922 天贊元年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 53
AD 922 天贊初
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 113, passage 7
AD 910 夾城守城
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 41
AD 911 守光僭號應天前後
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 135, passage 104
AD 880 to AD 893 少事克柔／少從征伐
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 5-7
AD 910 to AD 918 從李嗣昭援朱友謙
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 86
AD 895 從討王行瑜
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 90
AD 907 to AD 908 攻汾州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 55, passage 64
AD 897 明年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 28
AD 902 明年正月
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 27
AD 901 to AD 903 昭宗之幸鳳翔
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passages 44-45
AD 901 是歲
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 21
AD 921 會李嗣昭騎至
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 104
AD 906 to AD 922 李嗣昭節制昭義
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 72, passage 97
AD 907 李思安之圍潞州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 158
AD 918 梁、晉戰胡柳
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 34-35
AD 900 to AD 922 潞帥李嗣昭時
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 106, passage 64
AD 906 to AD 907 當嗣昭為梁圍以夾城彌年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 55
AD 921 to AD 922 相次戰歿
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 152
AD 899 秋
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 118
AD 922 to AD 923 繼韜之叛
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 142
AD 918 胡柳之戰
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 60, 63, 66
AD 913 莊宗攻劉守光
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 20
AD 923 莊宗時
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 67

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Li Kerou (李克柔)
adopted son 假子 · Adoptive parentage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 120
Child of Taizu (太祖)
adopted son 養子 · Adoptive parentage · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 6
Child of Li Kerou (克柔)
adoptive father 假父 · Adoptive parentage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 1
Sibling of Zhuangzong (莊宗)
elder brother 兄 · Adoptive siblings
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 65
Parent of Li Jichou (李繼儔)
eldest son 長子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 146
Sibling of Zhuangzong (莊宗)
father's younger brother 季父 · Adoptive siblings
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 118
Child of Father of Li Sizhao (李嗣昭之父)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 10-11
Parent of Li Jitao (李繼韜)
father 父
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 146; New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 68
Parent of Li Jitao (繼韜)
father 父
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 147
Child of Kerou (克柔)
raised as a son 養以為子 · Foster parentage · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 11
Child of Martial Emperor (武皇)
son 兒 · Adoptive parentage
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 37
Parent of Li Jichou (繼儔)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 88
Parent of Li Jitao (繼韜)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 89
Parent of Li Jizhong (繼忠)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 89
Parent of Li Jineng (繼能)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 89
Parent of Li Jixi (繼襲)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 89
Parent of Li Jiyuan (繼遠)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 89
Parent of Li Jida (繼達)
son 子 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 128
Parent of Jichou (繼儔)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Parent of Jizhong (繼忠)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Parent of Jixi (繼襲)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Parent of Jida (繼達)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Parent of Jitao (繼韜)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Parent of Jineng (繼能)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Parent of Jiyuan (繼遠)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 47, 69
Spouse of Lady Yang (楊氏)
wife 夫人 · Primary marriage
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 89
Spouse of Lady Yang (楊氏)
wife 妻 · Widowed
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 54-55

seven sons 七子
Kinship Role sons · Count 7
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 69
Kinship Role sons · Count 7
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 88
Kinship Role original clan and surname · Quantity unknown
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 2

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Han, adopted Li 本姓韓氏，克柔假子
Statement Originally surnamed Han according to the Ouyang History; adopted into the Li house as Kerou's son.
Textual variant · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 1, 4
Lineage originally Han, adopted into Li 本姓韓氏，養為李氏
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 9, 11

Career and standing

farmer's son / commoner 民家子
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 9
general 將
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 8; Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 44
great general 大將軍
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 28
Jin general 晉將
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 105
acting military governor of Luzhou 潞州留后
AD 906 六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 142
acting administrator of Youzhou military headquarters 權幽州軍府事
AD 919 十六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 67

Show 25 more source-backed claims

acting military governor of Hezhong 河中留後
AD 897 四年 · Appointed · At Hezhong 河中
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 11
commander of the inner guard 衙內都將
AD 897 四年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 9
commander of the mixed Fan-Han horse and foot field army 蕃漢馬步行營都將
AD 897 to AD 898 四年後潞州之役 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 13
military commissioner of Zhaoyi 昭義軍節度使
AD 906 天祐三年 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 30
military commissioner of Zhaoyi 昭義節度使
AD 906 天祐三年十一月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 46
northern pacification commissioner 北面招討使
AD 922 天祐十九年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 112
acting head of the Youzhou command 權知幽州軍府事
AD 919 天祐十六年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 2
commander of the inner guard 衙內指揮使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 15
military governor of the Zhaoyi Army 昭義軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 67
Zhaoyi military commissioner 昭義節度使
AD 931 長興二年 · Formerly held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 41
holder of military authority 兵柄
AD 898 to AD 901 光化已後 · Granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 25
acting governor of Youzhou 權知幽州
AD 918 周德威死 · Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 42
Grand Preceptor of the Masses through Palace Attendant and Director of the Secretariat 司徒太保至侍中中書令
AD 906 to AD 922 天祐三年至十九年 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 85
military governor of Zhaoyi 昭義軍節度使
AD 921 天祐十八年三月 · Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 61
Zhaoyi military commissioner 昭義軍節度使
AD 919 天祐十六年 · Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 29, passage 2
Jin field commander 將
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 17, 23
Luzhou military commissioner 潞州節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 146
Zhaoyi Army military commissioner 昭義節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 200
Zhaoyi Circuit commander 節制昭義
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 72, passage 97
acting Vice Director 檢校僕射
AD 897 四年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 9
Grand Preceptor 太師
AD 923 莊宗即位 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 86
shared offerings in Zhuangzong's ancestral temple 配饗莊宗廟庭
AD 930 to AD 933 長興中 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 87
Prince of Longxi 隴西郡王
AD 923 莊宗即位 · Posthumously enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 86
Held
Adopted son
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 6, 11
AD 931 長興二年
Deceased
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 41

Places and affiliations

Hedong 河東
Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 25
Polity Hedong 河東 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 8, 46, 88, 197; Old History of the Five Dynasties 55, passage 64
Polity Jin 晉 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 105; Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passages 90, 200; Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 28; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 179; New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 15, 17, 30, 55, 183
At Dagu County, Fen Prefecture 汾州大穀縣 · Relation Born at · Mode named-source-report Source Work 歐陽史
Textual variant · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 4
At Taigu County, Fenzhou 汾州太谷縣
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 9
AD 900 三年
At Mingzhou 洺州 · Relation Captured
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 184

Show 6 more source-backed claims

AD 899 二年
At Luzhou 潞州 · Relation Captured
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 183
AD 898 光化元年
At Zezhou 澤州 · Relation Captured
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 182
AD 897 四年
At Hezhong 河中 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 11
AD 906 to AD 922 天祐三年至十九年
At Ze and Lu 澤潞 · Relation Governed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 85
At Luzhou 潞州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 142
Organization Adopted Sons Army 義兒軍 · Relation Member of
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 5-6

Learning and skills

Skill military operations 軍機 · Level thoroughly skilled
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 7

Works and attributed material

AD 920 十七年六月
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 72-74
AD 918 胡柳之戰
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 63-64
AD 902 三月十一日翌日
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Martial Emperor (武皇)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 37
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · With Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 35-37
Speech · Speaker · With Siyuan (帝) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 32

Events and relationships

Adopted after birth
Personal · Infant taken · With Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 11
Advanced on Luzhou and sent Li Cunzhi and Li Siben to hold Tianjing Pass
AD 897 to AD 898 四年後潞州之役 · Military · Commander · With Li Cunzhi (李存質), Li Siben (李嗣本) · At Tianjing Pass 天井關
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 13
Advanced to Pu County
AD 902 明年正月 · Military · Commander · At Pu County 蒲縣
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 27
Advanced through
AD 897 明年 · Military · Commander · At Maling Pass 馬嶺關
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 28
Again aided Hezhong, defeated Bian troops at Hubi Fort, and captured Hua Li
AD 897 四年 · Military · Commander · With Hua Li (滑禮) · At Hubi Fort 胡壁堡
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 9
Aided and defeated
Military · Commander · With Wang Ke (王珂) · At Yishi 猗氏 · Outcome Defeated Wang Gong and captured three generals
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 180

Show 90 more source-backed claims

Ambushed Zhen raiders then fatally wounded
AD 922 十九年 · Military · Commander · At Jiumen 九門
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 46
An enemy arrow struck his foot while feasting generals on the walls; he pulled it out unnoticed and drank on
AD 907 四年六月 · Military · Wounded commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 55
Attacked Fenzhou with Shi Jiantang
AD 907 to AD 908 攻汾州 · Military · Commander · With Shi Jiantang (史建瑭)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 55, passage 64
Attacked Heyang's north gate, breached the outer wall, then withdrew when Yan Bao's relief arrived
AD 900 光化三年十月 · Military · Attacker · With Hou Xin (侯信), Yan Bao (閻寶) · At Heyang 河陽
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 26
Attacked Li Tang, took the place in three days, and executed him
AD 901 天復元年四月 · Military · Commander · With Li Tang (李瑭)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 197
Attacked Jin Jiang fought at Pingyang
AD 901 是歲 · Military · Commander · At Pingyang 平陽
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 21
Attacked Pu County
Military · Commander · At Pu County 蒲縣
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 22
Attacked Xing Ming defeated
AD 900 光化三年 · Military · Commander · With Ge Congzhou (葛從周)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 6
Attacked
AD 895 乾寧二年 · Military · Commander · With Wang Gong (王珙) · At Shan Prefecture 陝
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 206
Campaigned against Liu Shouguang
AD 913 莊宗攻劉守光 · Military · Commander · With Li Siyuan (李嗣源)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 6, passage 20
Camped
Military · Commander · With Zhou Dewei (周德威) · At Pu county 蒲縣
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 44
Charged with 300 horsemen through layered Khitan encirclement and escorted Zhuangzong back
AD 922 十九年冬 · Military · Rescuer · With Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 79-80
Collaterally offered in Zhuangzong's temple
AD 931 長興二年 · Ritual · Honored deceased · With Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (後唐莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 42, passage 41
Combined with 30,000 Yan troops to attack Luzhou; Ding Hui surrendered
AD 906 天祐三年十一月 · Military · Commander · With Ding Hui (丁會) · At Luzhou 潞州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 46
Cut Zhuangzong free
AD 922 十九年 · Military · Rescuer · With Zhuangzong (莊宗) · At Wangdu 望都
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 44
Daily sorties against Liang
AD 901 天復元年 · Military · Cavalry commander · At Taiyuan 太原
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 17
Day and night sent detachments out, killing officers and taking banners so Bian could barely hold
AD 902 三月十一日翌日 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 42
Day and night sent elite cavalry out the gates to raid Bian camps until the Bian were exhausted
AD 901 天復元年四月 · Military · Commander · At Taiyuan 太原
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 201
Defeated Bian troops at Shahe and captured Hu Li
AD 900 光化三年 · Military · Commander · With Hu Li (胡禮) · At Shahe 沙河
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 20
Defeated Wang Gong at Yishi and captured Li Fan
AD 894 乾寧初 · Military · Commander · With Wang Gong (王珙), Li Fan (李璠) · At Yishi 猗氏
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 8
Defeated Bian army and lifted siege
AD 920 天祐十七年 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 179
Defeated imperial army
Military · Relieving commander · With Liu Xun (劉鄩) · At below the walls 城下
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 105
Defeated relief
Military · Commander · With Wang Gong (王珙) · At Hubi Fort 胡壁堡 · Outcome Captured one general
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 181
Defeated Wang Gong with
AD 895 從討王行瑜 · Military · Commander · With Li Cunjin (李存進)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 90
Defeated
AD 898 光化元年 · Military · Commander · With Ding Hui (丁會) · At Hanshan 含山 · Outcome Captured one general, beheaded three thousand, took Zezhou
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 182
Defeated
AD 897 明年 · Military · Commander · At Qingshan Pass 青山口
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 29
Dispatched through Xing and Ming to respond to Liu Rengong's appeal
AD 900 光化三年 · Military · Commander · With Liu Rengong (劉仁恭)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 19
Eased laws, reduced rents, and restored the garrison city within one or two years
AD 908 五年五月 · Administrative · Governor
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 59
Entered Lu and made headquarters in the old woman's house, then moved to the official residence when confirmed as commander
AD 906 天祐三年十一月 · Military · Commander · With Poor old woman of Shangdang (貧媼)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 51-52
Failed and died
AD 922 十九年 · Military · Commander · With Zhang Wenli (張文禮)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 114
Fell into ambush
AD 900 三年 · Military · Fleeing commander · With Ge Congzhou (葛從周) · At Qingshan Pass 青山口 · Outcome Great defeat
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 185
Followed campaigns from youth
AD 880 to AD 893 少事克柔／少從征伐 · Military · Officer
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 7
Followed in
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 35
Fought Ding Hui at Hankou, took three thousand prisoners, and captured Cai Yangong
AD 897 to AD 898 四年後潞州之役 · Military · Commander · With Ding Hui (丁會), Cai Yangong (蔡延恭) · At Hankou 含口
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 12
Gave up drinking for life after the Martial Emperor mildly admonished him
AD 880 to AD 893 少事克柔／少從征伐 · Personal · Subject · With Martial Emperor (武皇)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 6
Grieved almost to death on learning the Martial Emperor had died
AD 908 五年五月 · Personal · Mourner · With Martial Emperor (武皇)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 57
Harried Liang and retook Fen Ci Xi
Military · Commander · At Taiyuan 太原
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 26
Hedong recovered Luzhou after He Delun and Zhang Guihou fled
AD 898 八月 · Military · Commander · At Luzhou 潞州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 18
Held Luzhou for a year; burned Liang forged edicts and executed envoys; salt and charcoal appeared to sustain the starving
AD 907 四年六月 · Military · Defender · With Liang founder (梁祖)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 54
Held city
Military · Defender · At Lu 潞
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 50, passage 41
Killed envoys and held Luzhou
AD 906 to AD 907 天祐三年 · Military · Defender · With Liang Taizu (梁太祖) · At Luzhou 潞州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 32
Left Youzhou through Jimen; people wept and cut his saddle straps; he slipped away by night
AD 919 十六年九月 · Personal · Departing governor
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 68
Marched down the Taihang and struck Huai and Meng
AD 900 光化三年十月 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 24
Marched from Yindi against Ci and Xi and accepted surrender of Tang Li and Zhang Gui
AD 901 天復元年六月 · Military · Commander · With Tang Li (唐禮), Zhang Gui (張瑰) · At Ci and Xi 慈隰
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 204
Marched into Jin and Jiang, encamped at Jishang Fort, and captured Wang Youtong at Pingyang
AD 901 天復元年十一月 · Military · Commander · With Wang Youtong (王友通) · At Pingyang 平陽
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 206
Opposed flight to Khitan
Political · Adviser · With Taizu (太祖)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 25
Pursued Shi Shuzong's withdrawal with picked cavalry
AD 901 天復元年五月 · Military · Pursuer · With Shi Shuzong (氏叔琮)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 203
Pursued Zhu Youning and recovered Fen, Ci, Xi, and other prefectures
AD 902 二十一日 · Military · Pursuer · With Zhu Youning (朱友寧)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 43
Raided Xiang and Wei and returned
Military · Commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 203
Recaptured Ze and Lu
AD 899 秋 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 118
Recovered Ci and Xi with Dewei
AD 901 六月 · Military · Commander · With Zhou Dewei (周德威)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 131
Relieved
Military · Cavalry commander · At Mancheng 滿城 · Outcome Khitan withdrew
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 129, passage 104
Replaced Yan Bao and attacked Zhending; ambushed Wang Chuqin's troops from Jiumen
AD 922 七月二十四日 · Military · Commander · With Wang Chuqin (王處球)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 81-82
Replaced Yan Bao against Zhenzhou
AD 922 十九年 · Military · Replacement commander · With Yan Bao (閻寶) · At Zhenzhou 鎮州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 45
Rescued Li Cun
Military · Commander
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 2, passage 44
Rescued
AD 921 十二月 · Military · Rescuer · With Emperor Zhuangzong (莊宗) · Summary Hearing Zhuangzong was in peril, rode forward in tears, broke the enemy line, and brought him back.
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 137, passage 44
Retaken Fenzhou and executed
AD 901 天復元年 · Military · Commander · With Li Tang (李瑭) · At Fenzhou 汾州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 18
Routed Bian at Shahe retook Mingzhou then ambushed and beaten
AD 900 三年 · Military · Commander · With Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 119
Routed then rescued
Military · Defeated commander · With Zhu Youning (朱友寧)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 23
Seized Huaizhou
AD 900 秋 · Military · Commander · At Huaizhou 怀州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 4, passage 120
Sent iron cavalry to circle the city daily, cutting Bian forage and supply routes
AD 897 to AD 898 四年後潞州之役 · Military · Besieger · With He Delun (賀德倫) · At Luzhou 潞州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 17
Sent to relieve Tongzhou
Military · Jin commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 10, passage 46
Sent against Jinzhou
Military · Commander · With Zhou Dewei (周德威)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 27, passage 90
Shot in the head; pulled the arrow from his own wound and killed a survivor with it; died that night of bleeding
AD 922 七月二十四日 · Military · Wounded commander
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 83-84
Slipped away by night
Personal · Departing governor · At Youzhou 幽州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 43
Stormed city
AD 899 二年 · Military · Commander · At Luzhou 潞州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 183
Struck north face of Wushi
AD 918 梁、晉戰胡柳 · Military · Cavalry commander · With Zhuangzong (莊宗) · At Wushi Mountain 無石山
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 39
Suppressed the rebellions of Wang Jinghui and Qi Rang
AD 902 五月 · Military · Commander · With Wang Jinghui (王敬暉), Qi Rang (契讓)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 44
Suppressed
Military · Commander · With Wang Hui (王暉)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 145
Took Ming Prefecture and captured Zhu Shaozong
AD 900 光化三年 · Military · Commander · With Zhu Shaozong (朱紹宗) · At Ming Prefecture 洺州
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 21
Took Cizhou and received surrender
Military · Commander · With Tang Li (唐禮) · At Cizhou 慈州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 19
Took Luzhou
AD 906 天祐三年 · Military · Joint commander · With Zhou Dewei (周德威) · At Luzhou 潞州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 30
Took then abandoned
AD 900 三年 · Military · Commander · At Mingzhou 洺州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passages 184-185
Took Xizhou and received surrender
Military · Commander · With Zhang Gui (張瑰) · At Xizhou 隰州
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 20
Urged Cunxu to take the throne
AD 921 天祐十八年三月 · Political · Petitioner · With Cunxu (存勖)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passage 61
Urgently opposed abandoning Taiyuan for the northern tribes
AD 902 三月十一日翌日 · Political · Counselor · With Martial Emperor (武皇)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 40
With Li Cunshen aided Zhu Youqian and defeated Bian at Fengyi in the ninth month
AD 920 十七年九月 · Military · Commander · With Li Cunshen (李存審), Zhu Youqian (朱友謙)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 76-77
With Wang Jianji formed a pincer at Tushan; Bian came down and 30,000 were killed or captured
AD 918 胡柳之戰 · Military · Commander · With Wang Jianji (王建及)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 66
With Zhou Dewei fought a bloody breakout and covered the retreat
AD 902 三月十一日翌日 · Military · Commander · With Zhou Dewei (周德威)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 31
With Zhou Dewei rallied survivors and held Taiyuan's walls while Bian encamped at Jinci
AD 902 三月十一日翌日 · Military · Defender · With Zhou Dewei (周德威) · At Taiyuan 太原
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 34
Withdrew on the Liang founder's arrival and was defeated by Ge Congzhou's ambush; Wang Helang and Yang Shiyue were captured
AD 900 光化三年九月 · Military · Defeated commander · With Liang founder (梁祖), Ge Congzhou (葛從周), Wang Helang (王郃郎), Yang Shiyue (楊師悅)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 23
Relation Successor of · Person Li Junqing (李君慶)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 13
Relation Successor of · Person Zhou Dewei (周德威)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 67
Relation Adopted son of · Person Li Kerou (克柔)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 1
Relation Served · Person Li Kerou (克柔)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 5
Relation Successor of · Person Yan Bao (閻寶)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 81
Relation Successor in command of · Person Li Cunxin (李存信)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 53, passage 25
Relation Patron of · Person Wu Hanqiu (武漢球)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 106, passage 64
Relation Subordinate of · Person Li Keyong (李克用)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 14, passage 206
Relation Subordinate of · Person Zhuangzong (莊宗)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 179

Assessments and attributes

Assessment courage surpassed others · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 13
Assessment dutiful and compliant in youth, slight in build but keen, bold, deep and resolute · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 5
Assessment in that crisis no one fought harder than Sizhao · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 29
Assessment loyal; died in service; descendants ruined by wealth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passages 190-192
Assessment prudent and steady · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 15
Assessment rebuilt troops and people and governed with genuine care · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 33

Show 4 more source-backed claims

loved wine at first; after Taizu's warning never drank again
Habit
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 14
short in stature
Physical description
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 13
small in stature
Physical description
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 5
arrow wound in the foot during the Luzhou siege
Wound
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 55

Source notes

The Ouyang History records that he was originally surnamed Han and was the son of a common household in Dagu County, Fen Prefecture.
Field original-surname · Source Work Ouyang History 歐陽史
Textual variant · Old History of the Five Dynasties 52, passage 4
Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 23, passage 105; Old History of the Five Dynasties 35, passage 28; Old History of the Five Dynasties 54, passage 67; Old History of the Five Dynasties 63, passage 179; New History of the Five Dynasties 5, passages 61, 70; New History of the Five Dynasties 32, passage 67
From Jintong 進通 · To Sizhao 嗣昭
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 36, passage 12

References in the histories

Search passages

History

169 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 10Volume 10 Book of Later Liang 10: Later Emperors Annals 3 · 2 passages

Open chapter

晉王遣都將李嗣昭、李存審、王建及率師來援同州，戰於城下。 The Prince of Jin sent Li Sizhao, Li Cunshen, and Wang Jianji to relieve Tongzhou and battle was joined under the walls.

先是，繼韜父嗣昭為潞州節度使，戰歿於鎮州城下，晉王欲以嗣昭長子繼儔襲父位。 His father Li Sizhao had held Luzhou and died at Zhenzhou; the Prince of Jin meant to give the post to eldest son Jichou.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 14Volume 14 Book of Later Liang 14: Biographies 4: Luo Shaowei, Zhao Chou, Wang Ke · 1 passage

Open chapter

珂至太原謝婚成禮，克用令李嗣昭將兵助珂，攻珙於陝焉。 Ke married at Taiyuan; Keyong sent Li Sizhao against Gong at Shan.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 16Volume 16 Book of Later Liang 16: Biographies 6: Ge Congzhou, Xie Yanzhang, He Zhen, Zhang Guiba, Zhang Guihou, Zhang Guibian · 3 passages

Open chapter

晉將李嗣昭急攻邢州，陣於城門外，從周大破之，擒蕃將賁金鐵、慕容騰百餘人。 The Jin general Li Sizhao pressed the attack on Xingzhou and formed his ranks outside the city gate. Congzhou routed him, capturing the tribal commanders Ben Jintie and Murong Teng along with more than a hundred men.

明年春，李嗣昭以蕃漢五萬來寇，歸霸堅壁設備，晉軍不敢顧其城，遂移軍攻洺州，陷焉。 The following spring, Li Sizhao invaded with fifty thousand tribal and Chinese troops. Guiba fortified Xingzhou and made ready to defend it. The Jin army did not dare assault the city, so it moved on to Mingzhou and captured it instead.

及葛從周復洺，嗣昭北遁，歸霸出兵襲之，殺二萬餘眾。 When Congzhou retook Ming, Guiba ambushed Sizhao and killed twenty thousand.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 19Volume 19 Book of Later Liang 19: Biographies 9: Shi Shucong, Zhu Yougong, Wang Zhongshi, Zhu Zhen, Li Si'an, Deng Jiyun, Huang Wenjing, Hu Gui, Li Dang, Li Zhongyin, Fan Jushi · 1 passage

Open chapter

光化初，晉將李嗣昭、周德威寇於山東，文靖佐葛從周統大軍禦之。 Early in Guanghua, when Li Sizhao and Zhou Dewei raided Shandong, Wenjing joined Ge Congzhou in commanding the main army against them.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 23Volume 23 Book of Later Liang 23: Biographies 13: Liu Xun, He Gui, Kang Huaiying, Wang Jingren · 1 passage

Open chapter

其年九月，晉將李嗣昭率師來援，戰於城下，王師不利，敗兵走河南； In the ninth month Li Sizhao of Jin came to relieve the city; the armies met below the walls; the imperial force was beaten and fled south of the river;

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 27Volume 27 Book of Later Tang 3: Zhuangzong Annals 1 · 3 passages

Open chapter

九月，邠、岐、蜀三鎮復大舉攻長安，遣李嗣昭、周德威將兵三萬攻晉州以應之。 In the ninth month Bin, Qi, and Shu struck Chang'an again; Cunxu sent Li Sizhao and Zhou Dewei with thirty thousand against Jinzhou in reply.

上令押衙戴漢超持墨製及六鎮書如幽州，其辭曰：「天祐八年三月二十七日，天德軍節度使宋瑤、振武節度使周德威、昭義節度使李嗣昭、易定節度使王處直、鎮州節度使王鎔、河東節度使尚書令晉王謹奉冊進盧龍橫海等軍節度、檢校大尉、中書令、燕王為尚書令、尚父。」 He ordered Dai Hanchao to Youzhou with the ink edict and six-circuit letters reading: "On the twenty-seventh day of the third month of Tianyou 8, Song Yao of Tiande, Zhou Dewei of Zhenwu, Li Sizhao of Zhaoyi, Wang Chuzhi of Yiding, Wang Rong of Zhen, and the Jin Prince, Minister Director and military commissioner of Hedong, reverently advance Liu Shouguang, commissioner of the Lulong and Henghai armies, honorary Grand Marshal, Grand Councilor, and Prince of Yan, to Minister Director and August Father."

是月，梁祖遣都招討使楊師厚將兵三萬屯邢州，帝令李嗣昭出師掠相、衛而還。 That month the Liang Founder sent Yang Shihou, overall campaign commander, with thirty thousand men to camp at Xingzhou; the emperor ordered Li Sizhao to strike Xiang and Wei and withdraw.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 28Volume 28 Book of Later Tang 4: Zhuangzong Annals 2 · 2 passages

Open chapter

是月，梁主遣別將王檀率兵五萬，自陰地關趨晉陽，急攻其城，昭義李嗣昭遣將石嘉才率騎三百赴援。 That month the Liang ruler sent Wang Tan with fifty thousand from Yindi Pass to storm Taiyuan; Li Sizhao sent Shi Jiacai with three hundred horse.

於是李嗣昭領騎軍自土山北以逼梁軍，王建及呼土眾曰：「今日所失輜重，並在山下。」 Li Sizhao then led horse from the north of the hill against the Liang; Wang Jianji shouted to the troops on the height, "All the baggage we lost today lies below!"

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 29Volume 29 Book of Later Tang 5: Zhuangzong Annals 3 · 9 passages

Open chapter

帝還魏州，命昭義軍節度使李嗣昭權知幽州軍府事。 Cunxu went back to Weizhou and left Li Sizhao of Zhaoyi as acting head of the Youzhou command.

梁主乃遣劉鄩與華州節度使尹皓帥兵圍同州，友謙來告難，帝遣蕃漢總管李存審、昭義節度使李嗣昭、代州刺史王建及率師赴援。 Liang sent Liu Xun and Yin Hao of Huazhou to invest Tong; Youqian cried for help, and Cunxu sent Li Cunshen as overall commander, Li Sizhao of Zhaoyi, and Wang Jianji of Dai to relieve him.

騎軍既接，蒲人小卻，李嗣昭以輕騎抗之，梁軍奔潰，追斬二千餘級。 When horse met horse the Pu line wavered; Li Sizhao hit them with light cavalry, Liang collapsed, and over two thousand fell in the chase.

王師略地至奉先，嗣昭因謁唐帝諸陵而還。 The Jin columns swept to Fengxian; Sizhao paid respects at the Tang imperial tombs on the march home.

三月，河中節度使朱友謙、昭義節度使李嗣昭、滄州節度使李存審、定州節度使王處直、邢州節度使李嗣源、成德軍兵馬留後張文禮、遙領天平軍節度使閻寶、大同軍節度使李存璋、新州節度使王鬱、振武節度使李存進、同州節度使朱令德，各遣使勸進，請帝紹唐帝位，帝報書不允。 In the third month Youqian of Hezhong, Sizhao of Zhaoyi, Cunshen of Cangzhou, Chuzhi of Ding, Siyuan of Xing, Wenli acting for Chengde, Yan Bao holding Taiping in title, Cunzhang of Datong, Yu of Xin, Cunjin of Zhenwu, and Lingde of Tong all urged Cunxu to take the throne; he wrote back refusing.

李嗣昭躍馬奮擊，敵眾大潰，俘斬數千，追擊至易水，獲氈裘、毳幕、羊馬不可勝紀。 Li Sizhao spurred in and shattered them, taking thousands of heads to the Yi River and herds of sheep, horses, tents, and furs beyond count.

李嗣昭引三百騎橫擊之，晉王始得出，因縱兵奮擊，太祖兵敗，遂北至易州。 Li Sizhao charged in with three hundred horse and cut the Prince of Jin free; he then drove the attack home, routed the Liang Taizu's host, and chased them to Yi.

帝聞失律，即以昭義節度使李嗣昭為北面招討使，進攻鎮州。 Hearing of the defeat, the Emperor made Li Sizhao of Zhaoyi northern campaign commander and sent him back on Zhenzhou.

夏四月，嗣昭為流矢所中，卒於師。 In the fourth month of summer Sizhao took a stray arrow and died in camp.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 35Volume 35 Book of Later Tang 11: Mingzong Annals 1 · 8 passages

Open chapter

明年，武皇遣大將軍李嗣昭率師下馬嶺關，將復邢、洺，梁將葛從周以兵應援。 Next year Wuhuang sent Li Sizhao through Maling Pass to recover Xing and Ming; Ge Congzhou of Liang marched to meet him.

嗣昭兵敗，退入青山口，梁軍扼其路，步兵不戰自潰，嗣昭不能制。 Sizhao was beaten back into Qingshan Pass; Liang blocked the road, foot soldiers scattered without a fight, and Sizhao could not hold them.

會帝本軍至，謂嗣昭曰：「步兵雖散，若吾輩空回，大事去矣。 When Siyuan's column arrived he told Sizhao, "Though the foot have scattered, an empty retreat loses everything.

嗣昭曰：「吾為卿副。」 Sizhao said, "I follow you."

嗣昭繼進，梁軍即時退去，帝與嗣昭收兵入關。 Sizhao pressed after; Liang withdrew, and Siyuan and Sizhao brought the army back through the pass.

屬大雨彌旬，城壘多壞，武皇令帝與李嗣昭分兵四出，突入諸營，梁軍由是引退； After ten days of rain wrecked the walls, Wuhuang sent Siyuan and Li Sizhao in four columns to storm Liang camps and drive them off;

昭宗之幸鳳翔也，梁祖率眾攻圍岐下，武皇奉詔應援，遣李嗣昭、周德威出師晉、絳，營於蒲縣。 When Zhaozong fled to Fengxiang, Liang besieged Qi; Wuhuang marched to aid and sent Li Sizhao and Zhou Dewei from Jin and Jiang to camp at Pu.

嗣昭等軍，大為梁將朱友寧、氏叔琮所敗，梁之追兵直抵晉陽，營於晉祠，日以步騎環城。 Zhu Youning and Shi Shuzong crushed Sizhao at Pu; Liang pursuers reached Jinyang, camped at Jinci, and ringed the city daily with foot and horse.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 42Volume 42 Book of Later Tang 18: Mingzong Annals 8 · 1 passage

Open chapter

故昭義節度使李嗣昭、故幽州節度使周德威、故汴州節度使符存審，並配饗莊宗廟廷。 Li Sizhao, Zhou Dewei, and Fu Cunshen were given collateral offerings in Zhuangzong's temple.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50Volume 50 Book of Later Tang 26: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 3 passages

Open chapter

時兄嗣弼為昭義副使，與嗣昭守城，兄弟內外奮戰，忠力威壯，感動三軍。 His elder brother Sibi was then deputy commissioner of Zhaoyi and, with Sizhao, held the city. The brothers fought fiercely inside and out, their loyalty and prowess so imposing that they stirred the whole army.

〈（案《新唐書·宰相世係表》：嗣昭，國昌有子四人：克恭、克儉、克用、克柔。 (According to the 《New Book of Tang·Tables of Chancellor Lineages》: Sizhao—Guochang had four sons: Ke Gong, Ke Jian, Ke Yong, and Ke Rou.

薛史《李嗣昭傳》云：武皇母弟代州刺史克柔之假子也。 The Xue History 《Biography of Li Sizhao》 says he was the adopted son of Li Keyong's younger uterine brother Ke Rou, prefect of Daizhou.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 52Volume 52 Book of Later Tang 28: Biographies 4: Li Sizhao, Pei Yue, Li Siben, Li Si'en · 59 passages

Open chapter

李嗣昭，字益光，武皇母弟代州刺史克柔之假子也。 Li Sizhao, whose courtesy name was Yiguang, was the adopted son of Kerou, prefect of Dai and younger full brother of the Martial Emperor.

小字進通，不知族姓所出。 He was also known in youth as Jintong, but his original clan and surname are unknown.

乾寧初，王珂、王珙爭帥河中，珙引陝州之軍攻珂，珂求救於武皇，乃令嗣昭將兵援之，敗珙軍於猗氏，獲賊將李璠等。 Early in the Qianning era, Wang Ke and Wang Gong fought over command of Hezhong. Gong brought Shaan troops against Ke, who appealed to the Martial Emperor. Sizhao was sent to his aid, defeated Gong at Yishi, and captured the rebel general Li Fan and others.

珂赴禮於太原，以嗣昭權典河中留後事。 Ke traveled to Taiyuan for the wedding, and Sizhao was left in charge of Hezhong as acting military governor.

李罕之襲我潞州也，嗣昭率師攻潞州，與汴將丁會戰於含口，俘獲三千，執其將蔡延恭； When Li Hanzhi seized our Luzhou, Sizhao marched to retake it and fought the Bian general Ding Hui at Hankou, taking three thousand prisoners and capturing his general Cai Yangong;

梁祖聞嗣昭之師大至，召葛從周謂曰：「並人若在高平，當圍而取之，先須野戰，勿以潞州為敵。」 Hearing that Sizhao's army was approaching in strength, the Liang founder summoned Ge Congzhou and said, "If the Bing troops are at Gaoping, surround and take them. Fight them in the open first—do not fix your attention on Luzhou alone."

及聞嗣昭軍韓店，梁祖曰：「進通扼八議路，此賊決與我鬥，公等臨事製機，勿落奸便。」 Learning that Sizhao's army was at Handian, the Liang founder said, "Jintong has blocked the Bayi Road—this enemy means to give battle. Adapt to events on the spot and do not let him lure you into a trap."

賀德倫閉壁不出，嗣昭日以鐵騎環城，汴人不敢芻牧，援路斷絕。 He Delun held the walls and refused to come out. Sizhao sent armored cavalry to ring the city day after day, so the Bian troops could not graze or forage and their lines of supply were severed.

光化三年，汴人攻滄州，劉仁恭求救，遣嗣昭出師邢、洺以應之。 In Guanghua 3 the Bian attacked Cangzhou. Liu Rengong appealed for help, and Sizhao was sent through Xing and Ming to relieve him.

嗣昭遇汴軍於沙河，擊敗之，獲其將胡禮。 Sizhao met the Bian army at Shahe, routed it, and captured their general Hu Li.

嗣昭聞梁祖至，斂軍而退，從周伏兵發，為其所敗，偏將王郃郎、楊師悅等被擒。 Hearing of the Liang founder's arrival, Sizhao drew back his forces, only to be caught by Congzhou's ambush. Subordinate generals including Wang Helang and Yang Shiyue were taken prisoner.

十月，汴人大寇鎮、定，王郜告急於武皇，乃遣嗣昭出師，下太行，擊懷、孟。 In the tenth month the Bian launched a major assault on Zhen and Ding. Wang Gao sent an urgent appeal to the Martial Emperor, who dispatched Sizhao down the Taihang to strike Huai and Meng.

汴將侯信守河陽，不意嗣昭之師至，既無守備，驅市人登城； The Bian general Hou Xin held Heyang and was caught unprepared by Sizhao's arrival. With no real defenses ready, he pressed townspeople onto the walls;

嗣昭攻其北門，破其外垣，俄而汴將閻寶救軍至，乃退。 Sizhao assaulted the north gate and broke through the outer wall, but when the Bian general Yan Bao's relief force arrived shortly afterward, he withdrew.

嗣昭討之，三日而拔，斬瑭。 Sizhao attacked him, stormed the place within three days, and executed Tang.

嗣昭朝夕選精騎分出諸門，掩擊汴營，左俘右斬，或燔或擊，汴軍疲於奔命； Day and night Sizhao picked elite horsemen and sent them out through every gate to raid Bian camps, seizing prisoners on one flank and cutting down enemies on the other, sometimes setting fires and sometimes striking head-on, until the Bian were exhausted from constant alarms;

五月，氏叔琮引退，嗣昭以精騎追之，汴軍委棄輜重兵仗萬計。 In the fifth month Shi Shuzong pulled back. Sizhao pursued with picked cavalry, and the Bian abandoned tens of thousands of items of baggage, equipment, and arms.

六月，嗣昭出師陰地，攻慈、隰，降其刺史唐禮、張瑰。 In the sixth month Sizhao marched from Yindi against Ci and Xi and accepted the surrender of prefects Tang Li and Zhang Gui.

十一月，嗣昭出師晉、絳，屯吉上堡，遇汴將王友通於平陽，一戰擒之。 In the eleventh month Sizhao marched into Jin and Jiang and encamped at Jishang Fort. At Pingyang he met the Bian general Wang Youtong and took him in one engagement.

明年正月，嗣昭進兵蒲縣。 The following year, in the first month, Sizhao advanced to Pu County.

二十八日，梁祖自率大軍至平陽，嗣昭之師大恐。 On the twenty-eighth the Liang founder brought his main army to Pingyang in person, and Sizhao's forces were thrown into great fear.

翌日，氏叔琮犯德威之營，汴軍十餘萬列陣四合，德威、嗣昭血戰解之，乃保軍而退，汴軍因乘之。 The next day Shi Shuzong attacked Dewei's camp. More than one hundred thousand Bian troops closed in from every side. Dewei and Sizhao fought their way out in a bloody engagement and covered the army's retreat, but the Bian pressed hard in pursuit.

汴軍營於晉祠，嗣昭、德威收合餘眾，登城拒守； The Bian encamped at Jinci. Sizhao and Dewei rallied the survivors, manned the walls, and held the city;

武皇晝夜登城，憂不遑食，召諸將欲出保雲州，嗣昭曰：「王勿為此謀，兒等苟存，必能城守。」 Day and night the Martial Emperor walked the walls, too troubled to eat, and summoned his generals to discuss abandoning the city for Yun Prefecture. Sizhao said, "Your Majesty, do not consider that course. While we yet live, we can hold this city."

武皇將從之，嗣昭亟爭不可，猶豫未決，賴劉太妃極言於內，武後且止。 The Martial Emperor was on the point of agreeing. Sizhao argued urgently against it, and the emperor still hesitated until Grand Consort Liu spoke forcefully from within the palace, after which he set the plan aside.

嗣昭晝夜分兵四出，斬將搴旗，汴軍保守不暇。 Day and night Sizhao sent detachments in every direction, killing enemy officers and capturing their banners, so the Bian could barely hold their own positions.

二十一日，朱友寧燒營退去，嗣昭追擊，復收汾、慈、隰等州。 On the twenty-first Zhu Youning burned his camp and withdrew. Sizhao pursued and recovered Fen, Ci, Xi, and the other lost prefectures.

五月，雲州都將王敬暉據城叛，振武石善友亦為部將契讓所逐，嗣昭皆討平之。 In the fifth month Wang Jinghui of Yun Prefecture rebelled and held the city, while at Zhenwu Shi Shanyou was driven out by his subordinate Qi Rang. Sizhao put down both rebellions.

十一月，嗣昭合燕軍三萬進攻潞州，降丁會，武皇乃以嗣昭為昭義節度使。 In the eleventh month Sizhao combined with thirty thousand Yan troops to attack Luzhou. Ding Hui surrendered, and the Martial Emperor appointed Sizhao military commissioner of Zhaoyi.

始嗣昭未到之前，上黨有占者，見一人家舍上常有氣如車蓋，視之，但一貧媼而已。 Before Sizhao arrived, a diviner at Shangdang noticed a canopy-like vapor rising above a certain house. He looked closer and found only a poor old woman.

未幾，丁會既降，嗣昭領兵入潞，以媼家四面空缺，乃駐於是舍。 Soon afterward, when Ding Hui surrendered, Sizhao entered Lu with his army. The old woman's house stood open on every side, and he made his headquarters there.

丁會既歸太原，武皇遣使命嗣昭為帥，乃自媼舍而入理所，其氣尋息，聞者異之。 After Ding Hui returned to Taiyuan, the Martial Emperor confirmed Sizhao as commander. Sizhao moved from the old woman's house into the official residence, and the strange vapor soon faded. All who heard of it were astonished.

嗣昭撫循士眾，登城拒守，梁祖馳書說誘百端，嗣昭焚其偽詔，斬其使者，城中固守經年，軍民乏絕，感鹽炭自生，以濟貧民。 Sizhao rallied his officers and men and held the walls. The Liang founder sent letter after letter with promises and threats. Sizhao burned the forged edicts and executed the envoys. The city held for a full year while army and people starved, until salt and charcoal appeared as if by miracle to sustain the destitute.

嗣昭嘗享諸將，登城張樂，賊矢中足，嗣昭密拔之，坐客不之覺，酣飲如故，以安眾心。 Once, while feasting his generals with music played on the walls, an enemy arrow struck his foot. Sizhao quietly pulled it out without his guests noticing and drank on as before to steady the men's spirits.

嗣昭知武皇棄世，哀慟幾絕。 Learning that the Martial Emperor had died, Sizhao grieved almost to the point of death.

嗣昭緩法寬租，勸農務穡，一二年間，軍城完集，三面鄰於敵境，寇鈔縱橫，設法枝梧，邊鄙不聳。 Sizhao eased the laws, reduced rents, and urged the people back to farming. Within a year or two the garrison city was whole again. Though enemy territory lay on three sides and raiders ranged freely, his measures kept the frontier calm.

嗣昭曰：「賊無營壘，去臨濮地遠，日已晡晚，皆有歸心，但以精騎逗撓，無令返旆，晡後追擊，破之必矣。 Sizhao said, "The enemy have no camp. They are far from Linpu, and the afternoon is already late—they all want to get home. Send elite cavalry to harass and delay them. Do not let them turn back. Pursue after dusk and you will break them for certain.

軍校王建及又陳方略，嗣昭與建及分兵於土山南北為掎角，汴軍懼，下山，因縱軍擊之，俘斬三萬級，由是莊宗之軍復振。 The officer Wang Jianji offered a plan as well. Sizhao and Jianji divided their forces north and south of Tushan in a pincer. The Bian troops, alarmed, came down the mountain, and our army fell upon them, killing and capturing thirty thousand. From that point Zhuangzong's army rallied again.

十六年，嗣昭代周德威權幽州軍府事。 In the sixteenth year Sizhao took over from Zhou Dewei as acting administrator of the Youzhou military headquarters.

九月，以李紹宏代，嗣昭出薊門，百姓號泣請留，截鞍惜別，嗣昭夜遁而歸。 In the ninth month Li Shohong was appointed in his place. As Sizhao left through Jimen Gate, the people wept and begged him to stay, even cutting his saddle straps in their grief at parting. Sizhao stole away by night and returned.

十七年六月，嗣昭自德勝歸藩，莊宗帳餞於戚城。 In the sixth month of the seventeenth year Sizhao returned to his circuit from Desheng, and Zhuangzong held a farewell feast for him at Qicheng.

嗣昭曰：「臣忝急難之地，每一念此，寢不安席。 Sizhao said, "I hold a post in this hard-pressed land. Whenever I think of it, I cannot sleep at ease.

是月，汴將劉鄩攻同州，朱友謙告急，嗣昭與李存審援之。 That same month the Bian general Liu Xun attacked Tong Prefecture. Zhu Youqian sent an urgent appeal, and Sizhao went to his aid with Li Cunshen.

冬，契丹三十萬奄至，嗣昭從莊宗擊之，敵騎圍之數十重，良久不解。 That winter three hundred thousand Khitan suddenly appeared. Sizhao followed Zhuangzong into the fight, and enemy cavalry ringed them in layer after layer for a long time without relief.

嗣昭號泣赴之，引三百騎橫擊重圍，馳突出沒者數十合，契丹退，翼莊宗而還。 Sizhao wept as he charged to the rescue with three hundred horsemen, cutting laterally through the encirclement and riding in and out of the enemy ranks dozens of times until the Khitan withdrew. He then escorted Zhuangzong safely back.

是時，閻寶為鎮人所敗，退保趙州，莊宗命嗣昭代寶攻真定。 At that time Yan Bao had been beaten by the men of Zhen and had fallen back to Zhao Prefecture. Zhuangzong ordered Sizhao to replace him and attack Zhending.

七月二十四日，王處球之兵出自九門，嗣昭設伏於故營，賊至，發伏，擊之殆盡； On the twenty-fourth of the seventh month Wang Chuqin's troops came out through Jiumen Gate. Sizhao laid an ambush at the old camp, and when the enemy arrived he sprang it and nearly wiped them out;

餘三人匿於牆墟間，嗣昭環馬而射之，為賊矢中腦，嗣昭箙中矢盡，拔賊矢於腦射賊，一發而殪之。 three survivors hid among broken walls. Sizhao circled his horse and shot at them. An enemy arrow struck him in the head. His quiver empty, he pulled the arrow from his own wound and shot one of the survivors dead with a single shot.

嗣昭日暮還營，所傷血流不止，是夜卒。 Sizhao returned to camp at dusk, but blood from his wound would not stop flowing, and he died that night.

嗣昭節制澤、潞，官自司徒、太保至侍中、中書令。 Sizhao governed Ze and Lu, holding offices from Minister of Education (Situ) and Grand Guardian up to Palace Attendant and Director of the Secretariat.

莊宗即位，贈太師、隴西郡王。 When Zhuangzong took the throne, Sizhao was posthumously enfeoffed as Grand Preceptor and Prince of Longxi.

嗣昭有子七人，長曰繼儔，澤州刺史； Sizhao had seven sons. The eldest was Jichou, prefect of Ze;

嗣昭既卒，莊宗詔諸子扶喪歸太原襄事，諸子違詔，以父牙兵數千擁喪歸潞。 After Sizhao's death Zhuangzong ordered his sons to escort the coffin to Taiyuan for the funeral. They defied the edict and, with several thousand of their father's guard troops, took the coffin back to Lu instead.

繼韜兄繼儔，嗣昭長嫡也。 Jitao's elder brother Jichou was Sizhao's eldest legitimate son.

嗣昭親賢，不可無嗣。」 Sizhao was a loyal and worthy man. His line must not die out."

嗣昭諸子自相屠害，幾於溘盡，惟繼忠一人僅保其首領焉。 Sizhao's sons destroyed one another until nearly none remained. Only Jizhong barely kept his life.

初事李嗣昭為親信，及繼韜之叛，約方戍澤州，因召民泣而諭之曰：「餘事故使，已餘二紀，每見分財享士，志在平讎，不幸薨歿。 He had long served Li Sizhao as a trusted officer. When Jitao rebelled, Yue was garrisoning Ze Prefecture. He summoned the people and, weeping, told them, "I served the late commissioner for more than twenty years. I always saw him share his wealth with his men and strive to settle old scores. Now he is gone.

從李嗣昭討王暉於雲州，論功加檢校司空。 He followed Li Sizhao against Wang Hui at Yun Prefecture and was promoted to acting Minister of Works for his service.

史臣曰：嗣昭以精悍勤勞，佐經綸之業，終沒王事，得以為忠，然其後嗣皆不免於刑戮者，何也？ The historian writes: Sizhao, through keen ability and tireless labor, helped build the state and died in its service, earning the name of loyalty. Yet why did his descendants all end on the execution ground?

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 53Volume 53 Book of Later Tang 29: Biographies 5: Li Cunxin, Li Cunxiao, Li Cunjin, Li Cunzhang, Li Cunxian · 5 passages

Open chapter

自光化已後，存信多稱病，武皇以兵柄授李嗣昭，以存信為右校而已。 After the Guanghua era Cunxin frequently pleaded illness. The Martial Emperor entrusted the army to Li Sizhao and kept Cunxin in a nominal right-command post.

從討王行瑜，以功授檢校常侍，與李嗣昭同破王珙於河中。 He campaigned against Wang Xingyu and was made acting Palace Attendant for his service. With Li Sizhao he defeated Wang Gong at Hezhong.

王師討張文禮於鎮州，閻寶、李嗣昭相次不利而歿。 The imperial army campaigned against Zhang Wenli at Zhenzhou. Yan Bao and Li Sizhao met defeat in turn and died.

七月，存進代嗣昭為招討，進營東垣渡，夾滹□為壘，沙土散惡，垣壁難成。 In the seventh month Cunjin replaced Sizhao as suppression commissioner and encamped at Dongyuan Ford, building ramparts along the Hutuo. The sand and soil were loose and treacherous, and the walls would not hold.

從李嗣昭討雲州叛將王暉，平之，改教練使、檢校司空。 He joined Li Sizhao against the Yunzhou rebel Wang Hui, suppressed him, and was made training commissioner and acting Minister of Works.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 54Volume 54 Book of Later Tang 30: Biographies 6: Wang Rong, Wang Zhaohui, Wang Chuzhi · 3 passages

Open chapter

〈（《新唐書》：李嗣昭攻洺州，全忠自將擊走之，得鎔與嗣昭書，全忠怒，引軍攻鎔。 (The 《New Book of Tang》: Li Sizhao attacked Mingzhou; Quanzhong personally led troops and drove him off, discovered letters between Rong and Sizhao, grew angry, and led an army against Rong.

周式請見全忠，全忠即出書示式曰：「嗣昭在者，宜速遣。」 Zhou Shi requested an audience; Quanzhong produced the letters and showed them to Shi, saying, "If Sizhao is present, send him away at once."

太原與趙本無恩，嗣昭庸肯入耶！」）〉 Taiyuan and Zhao owe each other no favor—why would Sizhao enter at all!" ) 〉

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 55Volume 55 Book of Later Tang 31: Biographies 7: Kang Junli, Xue Zhiqin, Shi Jiantang, Li Chengsi, Shi Yan, Gai Yu, Yi Guang, Li Chengxun, Shi Jingrong · 1 passage

Open chapter

與李嗣昭攻汾州，率先登城，擒叛將李瑭以獻，授檢校工部尚書。 With Li Sizhao he attacked Fenzhou, was first over the wall, captured the rebel general Li Tang and presented him, and was appointed acting Minister of Works.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 62Volume 62 Book of Later Tang 38: Biographies 14: Meng Fangli, Zhang Wenli, Dong Zhang · 2 passages

Open chapter

十九年三月，閻寶為處瑾所敗，莊宗以李嗣昭代之。 In the third month of the nineteenth year Yan Bao was defeated by Chujin, and Zhuangzong replaced him with Li Sizhao.

四月，嗣昭為流矢所中，尋卒於師，命李存進繼之。 In the fourth month Sizhao was struck by a stray arrow and died in camp; Li Cunjin was ordered to take his place.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 63Volume 63 Book of Later Tang 39: Biographies 15: Zhang Quanyi, Zhu Youqian · 1 passage

Open chapter

友謙即請之於莊宗，令幕客王正言以節旄賜之，梁將劉鄩、尹皓攻同州，友謙來告急，莊宗遣李嗣昭、李存審將兵赴之，敗汴軍於滑北，解圍而還。 He then asked Zhuangzong, who had his aide Wang Zhengyan grant the commission; when Liang generals Liu Yan and Yin Hao besieged Tongzhou, Youqian appealed for help; Zhuangzong sent Li Sizhao and Li Cunshen, who defeated the Bian army north of Huazhou and lifted the siege.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 65Volume 65 Book of Later Tang 41: Biographies 17: Li Jianji, Shi Junli, Gao Xinggui, Zhang Tingyu, Wang Sitong, Suo Zitong · 4 passages

Open chapter

初事代州刺史李克柔，後隸李嗣昭為牙校，曆典諸軍。 He first served Li Kerou, prefect of Dai, then entered Li Sizhao's guard and rose through commands over several armies.

嗣昭每出征，俾君立為前鋒，敵人畏之。 Whenever Sizhao took the field he put Junli in the van, and enemies learned to dread the name.

時莊宗在魏博，救應不暇，人心危懼，嗣昭遣君立率五百騎，自上黨朝發暮至。 Zhuangzong was in Weibo and could not break away to help; panic spread. Sizhao dispatched Junli with five hundred cavalry from Shangdang—they left at dawn and reached Taiyuan by nightfall.

王檀遊軍扼汾橋，君立一戰敗之，徑至城下，馳突斬擊，出入如神，大呼曰：「昭義侍中大軍至矣！」 Wang Tan's scouts held the Fen Bridge; Junli smashed them in one clash, raced to the wall, and wheeled through the Bian ranks like a force of nature, roaring, "The Grand Preceptor of Zhaoyi is here with the main host!"

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 72Volume 72 Book of Later Tang 48: Biographies 24: Zhang Chengye, Zhang Juhan, Ma Shaohong, Meng Hangqiong · 3 passages

Open chapter

李嗣昭節制昭義，以居翰監其軍，以燕軍三千為部下。 Li Siyao commanded Zhaoyi Circuit and made Juhan supervisor of his army, with three thousand Yan troops under his command.

俄而汴將李思安築夾城以圍潞州，居翰與嗣昭登城保守，以至解圍。 Before long the Bian general Li Si'an built Jiachcheng to besiege Luzhou. Juhan and Siyao mounted the walls to hold firm until the siege was lifted.

自是嗣昭每出征，令居翰知留後事。 From then on, whenever Siyao marched out, he left Juhan in charge of rear affairs.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 74Volume 74 Book of Later Tang 50: Biographies 126: Kang Yanxiao, Zhu Shouyin, Yang Li, Dou Tingwan, Zhang Qianzhao, Yang Yanwen · 1 passage

Open chapter

初事李嗣昭及李繼韜，皆畜養甚厚。 He had first served Li Sizhao and then Li Jiyao, both of whom treated him with exceptional generosity.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 106Volume 106 Book of Later Jin 8: Biographies 3: Wang Zhou, Liu Shenjiao, Wu Hanqiu, Zhang Guan, Li Yin, Liu Zaiming, Ma Wan, Li Yancong, Guo Jin, Huang Fuli, Bai Zairong, Zhang Peng · 1 passage

Open chapter

少拳勇，潞帥李嗣昭倚為親信，事唐莊宗、明宗，繼為禁軍裨校。 As a youth he was famed for courage in combat. Li Sizhao, military governor of Lu, trusted him as a confidant. He served under Zhuangzong and Mingzong of Tang and rose to staff officer in the palace guards.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 129Volume 129 Book of Later Zhou 31: Biographies 9: Chang Si, Di Guangye, Cao Ying, Li Yanyun, Li Hui, Li Jianchong, Wang Zhongyi, Sun Hanyin, Xu Qian, Zhao Feng, Qi Cangzhen, Wang Huan, Zhang Yanchao, Zhang Ying, Liu Renshan · 1 passage

Open chapter

時建崇為親將，與契丹格鬥，自午至申，會李嗣昭騎至，契丹乃解去。 Jianchong was then a commander of the personal guard; he fought the Khitan from noon to late afternoon, until Li Sizhao's cavalry arrived and the Khitan broke off.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 135Volume 135: Biographies of Usurpers 2: Liu Shouguang, Liu Zhi, Liu Chong · 1 passage

Open chapter

莊宗乃與鎮州節度使王镕、易定節度使王處直、昭義節度使李嗣昭、振武節度使周德威、天德軍節度使宋瑤，同遣使奉冊，推守光為尚父，以稔其惡。 Emperor Zhuangzong then joined Wang Rong of Zhenzhou, Wang Chuzhi of Yiding, Li Sizhao of Zhaoyi, Zhou Dewei of Zhenwu, and Song Yao of Tiande in sending envoys to invest Shouguang as Imperial Father—a stratagem to ripen his folly.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 137Volume 137: Foreign States Biographies 1: Khitan · 1 passage

Open chapter

李嗣昭聞其急也，灑泣而往，攻破敵陣，掖莊宗而歸。 Li Sizhao, hearing that he was in peril, rode forward in tears, broke the enemy line, and brought Emperor Zhuangzong back to safety.

History of Liao, Chapter 2Volume 2 Annals 2: Taizu 2 · 2 passages

Open chapter

李嗣昭領三百騎來救，我軍少卻，存乃得出，大戰，我軍不利，引歸。 Li Sizhao led three hundred horsemen to the rescue; our forces fell back slightly, and Cun broke free; in the great battle that followed our army was worsted and withdrew.

癸亥，李存圍鎮州，張文禮求援，命郎君迭烈、將軍康末怛往擊，敗之，殺其將李嗣昭。 On guihai day Li Cun besieged Zhenzhou; Zhang Wenli sought relief, and Langjun Dielie and General Kang Modan were dispatched against him; they routed the enemy and killed their general Li Sizhao.

History of Liao, Chapter 113Volume 113 Biographies 43: Rebellious Officials 2 · 1 passage

Open chapter

翰受詔與康末怛往救，克之，殺其將李嗣昭，拔石城。 Han received orders and marched to the rescue with Kang Moda; they took the city, killed the Tang general Li Sizhao, and seized Shicheng.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 4Volume 4 Later Tang Annals 1: Zhuangzong 1 · 5 passages

Open chapter

秋，李嗣昭复取泽、潞。 That autumn Li Sizhao won back Ze and Lu.

三年，嗣昭败汴军于沙河，复取洺州，朱全忠自将围之，嗣昭走，至青山口，遇汴伏兵，嗣昭大败。 In the third year Sizhao routed the Bian at Shahe and retook Mingzhou. Quanzhong came in person to besiege it; Sizhao broke out, but at Qing Mountain Pass he walked into a Bian ambush and was routed again.

秋，嗣昭取怀州。 That autumn Sizhao seized Huaizhou.

六月，周德威、李嗣昭取慈、隰。 In the sixth month Zhou Dewei and Li Sizhao recovered Ci and Xi.

克用以为然，乃为燕出兵攻破潞州，梁围乃解去，以李嗣昭为潞州留后。 Keyong was persuaded, marched for Yan, stormed Luzhou, and broke the Liang siege. Li Sizhao was left to hold the city.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 5Volume 5 Later Tang Annals 2: Zhuangzong 2 · 4 passages

Open chapter

三月，河中節度使朱友謙、昭義軍節度使李嗣昭、橫海軍節度使李存審、義武軍節度使王處直、安國軍節度使李嗣源、鎮州兵馬留後張文禮、領天平軍節度使閻寶，大同軍節度使李存璋、振武軍節度使李存進、匡國軍節度使朱令德，請王即皇帝位，王三辭，友謙等三請，王曰：「予當思之。」 In the third month Zhu Youqian of Hezhong, Li Sizhao of Zhaoyi, Li Cunshen of Henghai, Wang Chuzhi of Yiwu, Li Siyuan of Anguo, Zhang Wenli acting at Zhenzhou, Yan Bao holding Tianping, Li Cunzhang of Datong, Li Cunjin of Zhenwu, and Zhu Lingde of Kuangguo begged the king to take the throne. He refused thrice; they pressed thrice; he said, “I will think on it.”

三月，閻寶敗於鎮州，以李嗣昭代之。 In the third month Yan Bao lost at Zhenzhou and Li Sizhao took his command.

四月，嗣昭戰死，以李存進代之。 In the fourth month Sizhao fell in battle and Li Cunjin replaced him.

後唐太祖置義兒軍如李嗣昭等甚眾，初皆賜姓名，而不全若子，故書李嗣源者，書其所賜姓名爾，不以子書也，與友文、從珂異。 Later Tang Taizu created an “adopted-sons army,” including many men such as Li Sizhao. They were originally granted surnames and personal names, but were not all sons in the full sense. Thus “Li Siyuan” records only the bestowed name, not a filial status, unlike Youwen and Congke.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 6Volume 6 Later Tang Annals 3: Mingzong · 4 passages

Open chapter

光化三年，李嗣昭攻梁邢、洺，出青山，遇葛從周兵，嗣昭大敗走，梁兵追之。 In Guanghua 3 (900), Li Sizhao marched against Liang’s Xing and Ming and debouched through Green Mountain into Ge Congzhou’s host. Sizhao was routed and fled; Liang gave chase.

嗣源從間道後至，謂嗣昭曰：「為公一戰。」 Siyuan reached the field by a side road and told Sizhao, “Let me stand one fight for you.”

嗣昭繼進，梁兵解去。 Sizhao pressed after him; Liang drew off.

莊宗攻劉守光，嗣源及李嗣昭將兵三萬別出飛狐，定山後，取武、媯、儒三州。 When Zhuangzong moved on Liu Shouguang, Siyuan and Li Sizhao took thirty thousand men out by Flying Fox, settled the country north of the passes, and seized Wu, Gui, and Ru.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 32Volume 32 Biographies of Martyrs to Virtue 12: Wang Yanzhang · 2 passages

Open chapter

莊宗以李嗣昭為昭義軍節度使，約以裨將守澤州。 Zhuangzong made Li Sizhao governor of Zhaoyi; Yue, a subordinate commander, held Ze Prefecture.

嗣昭卒，其子繼韜以澤、潞叛降於梁，約召其州人泣而諭曰：「吾事故使二十餘年，見其分財饗士，欲報梁仇，不幸早世。 When Sizhao died, his son Jitao rebelled with Ze and Lu and went over to Liang. Yue gathered the people, wept, and said: "I served our old commissioner more than twenty years. I watched him share spoils and feast his men, burning to avenge Liang—then he died too soon.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 36Volume 36 Biographies of Righteous Sons 16: Li Sizhao, Li Siben, Li Si'en, Li Cunxin, Li Cunxiao, Li Cunjin, Li Cunzhang, Li Cunxian · 34 passages

Open chapter

太祖養子多矣，其可紀者九人，其一是為明宗，其次曰嗣昭、嗣本、嗣恩、存信、存孝、存進、存璋、存賢。 Taizu took many adopted sons; nine merit record—one became Mingzong; the others: Sizhao, Siben, Si'en, Cunxin, Cunxiao, Cunjin, Cunzhang, Cunxian.

李嗣昭 Li Sizhao

李嗣昭，本姓韓氏，汾州太谷縣民家子也。 Li Sizhao was born Han, a farmer's son in Taigu County, Fenzhou.

初名進通，後更名嗣昭。 First named Jintong; later Sizhao.

嗣昭為人短小，而膽勇過人。 Sizhao was small in frame but bolder than any man around him.

陝州王珙與其兄珂爭立於河中，遣嗣昭助珂，敗珙於猗氏，獲其將三人。 Wang Gong of Shaanzhou contended with his elder brother Ke for control of Hezhong. Taizu sent Sizhao to aid Ke; Sizhao defeated Gong at Yishi and captured three of his generals.

梁軍救珙，嗣昭又敗之于胡壁堡，執其將一人。 Liang marched to save Gong; Sizhao beat them again at Hubi Fort and captured a general.

光化元年，澤州李罕之襲潞州以降梁，梁遣丁會應罕之，嗣昭與會戰含山，執其將一人，斬首三千級，遂取澤州。 In Guanghua 1 Li Hanzhi of Zezhou seized Luzhou for Liang; Liang sent Ding Hui to meet him; Sizhao fought Hui at Hanshan, took a general, beheaded three thousand, and recovered Zezhou.

二年，晉遣李君慶攻梁潞州，君慶為梁所敗，太祖酖殺君慶，嗣昭攻克之。 The next year Jin sent Li Junqing against Liang at Luzhou; Liang beat him; Taizu poisoned Junqing; Sizhao stormed the city and took it.

嗣昭聞梁太祖自來，棄城走，前遇伏兵，因大敗。 Hearing Liang Taizu had come himself, Sizhao abandoned the city and fled straight into the ambush and was crushed.

嗣昭日以精騎出擊梁兵，會大雨，梁軍解去。 Day after day Sizhao led elite horsemen against Liang; heavy rain came and Liang broke camp.