Overview
The translated histories identify Gao Cheng as an administrator, general, official, and royal family member. This record brings together 171 passages from 24 chapters across 5 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.
Names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal | Gao Cheng | 高澄 | Gao Cheng |
| Given | Cheng | 澄 | Cheng |
| Given name | Cheng | 澄 | |
| Title | Emperor Shizong | 世宗 | |
| Posthumous | Emperor Wenxiang | 文襄皇帝 | Wenxiang huangdi |
| Posthumous name | Emperor Wenxiang | 文襄皇帝 | |
| Temple name | Emperor Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wénxiāng |
| Temple | Emperor Wenxiang | 文襄帝 | Wénxiāngdì |
| Personal name | Gao Cheng | 高澄 | Gao Cheng |
| Personal | Gao Cheng | 高澄 | |
| Personal name | Gao Cheng | ||
| Personal name | Gao Cheng | 高澄 | Gāo Chéng |
| Personal name | Gao Cheng | 高澄 | |
| Personal | Gao Cheng | 高澄 | Gāo Chéng |
| Title | Grand General Cheng | 大將軍臣澄 | |
| Title | Heir | 世子 | Shizi |
| Title | heir apparent | 世子 | Shizi |
| Title | heir of the Prince of Bohai | 渤海王世子 | Bohai wang shizi |
| Title | High Minister | 高相 | |
| Title | Prince of Bohai | 渤海王 | Bohai wang |
| Title | Prince Wenxiang | 文襄王 | Wénxiāng Wáng |
| Temple | Prince Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wenxiang |
| Title | Prince Wenxiang of Qi | 齊文襄 | |
| Temple | Shizong | 世宗 | Shizong |
| Temple name | Shizong | 世宗 | Shìzōng |
| Temple name | Shizong | 世宗 | |
| Temple name | Shizong | 世宗 | Shizong |
| Title | Shizong | 世宗 | Shizong |
| Temple | Wen Xiang | 文襄 | Wen Xiang |
| Posthumous name | Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wénxiāng |
| Alternate name | Wenxiang | 文襄 | |
| Temple name | Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wenxiang |
| Posthumous | Wenxiang | 文襄 | |
| Posthumous name | Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wenxiang |
| Posthumous name | Wenxiang | 文襄 | |
| Temple | Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wenxiang |
| Title | Wenxiang | 文襄 | Wénxiāng |
| Temple name | Wenxiang of Qi | 齊文襄 | |
| Nickname | Xianbei stripling | 鮮卑小兒 | |
| Courtesy | Zihui | 子惠 | Zihui |
| Title | 文襄 | ||
| Title | 文襄 | Wénxiāng |
Identity
- Historicity
- Historical
- Identification
- Named
- Sex
- Male
- Sex: male
- Sex: maleStrongly inferred · beiqishu:014:s0103, beiqishu:027:s0057, beiqishu:033:s0010, beiqishu:035:s0021, beiqishu:040:s0008, beiqishu:046:s0116, weishu:110:s0096
Roles
- Administrator
- General
- Official
- Royal Family Member
- Ruler
- Statesman
- Warlord
Life and dates
Death
- Manner: sudden / 暴崩 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 世宗暴崩 · Western Year: AD 549Explicit · beiqishu:030:s0095
- Manner: assassination · Place: Zh: Unknown · En: Unknown · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 辛卯 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0135, beiqishu:003:s0155
- Explicit · beiqishu:040:s0079
Age
- Age: 12 · Reckoning: sui · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 532Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0005
- Age: 29 · Reckoning: sui · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 辛卯 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0135
Attested activity
- Source Date: Text: 天平中 · Qualitative: served as regent of Eastern Wei before Sihao served him as a youth · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:014:s0103
- Source Date: Text: 乾明元年三月甲寅 · Regnal Year: 1 · Lunar Month: 3 · Day: Sexagenary: 甲寅 · Western Year: AD 560Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:005:s0043
- Source Date: Text: 天保九年 · Regnal Year: 9 · Western Year: AD 558Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:005:s0007
- Source Date: Text: succession and marriage era · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Strongly inferred · beiqishu:009:s0026, beiqishu:009:s0051
- Source Date: Text: 世宗 · Western Interval: Start: AD 544 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:046:s0116
- Source Date: Text: 世宗 · Western Interval: Start: AD 545 · End: AD 549Explicit · beiqishu:048:s0032
- Source Date: Text: 世宗 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:027:s0068, beiqishu:027:s0086
- Source Date: Text: 世宗入朝 · Western Interval: Start: AD 543 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:040:s0008
- Source Date: Text: 世宗嗣位 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:025:s0021
- Source Date: Text: 世宗暴崩 · Western Year: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:030:s0095
- Source Date: Text: 中興元年 · Western Year: AD 531Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0003
- Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 532Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0005
- Source Date: Text: 元象元年 · Western Year: AD 538Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0010
- Source Date: Text: 大同十一年 · Western Year: AD 545Explicit event contextual date · zizhitongjian:159:s0003, zizhitongjian:159:s0003a, zizhitongjian:159:s0019j
- Source Date: Text: 天保受禪 context · Western Year: AD 550Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:009:s0056
- Source Date: Text: 天平元年 · Western Year: AD 534Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0007
- Source Date: Text: 太清中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:033:s0010
- Source Date: Text: 太清二年 · Western Year: AD 548Explicit event contextual date · liangshu:042:s0091, liangshu:042:s0094
- Source Date: Text: 文襄嗣事 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:038:s0008
- Source Date: Text: 文襄執請 · Western Interval: Start: AD 543 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:047:s0054
- Source Date: Text: 文襄啟收 · Western Interval: Start: AD 544 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · weishu:110:s0096
- Source Date: Text: 東魏世宗時 · Western Interval: Start: AD 534 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:029:s0027, beiqishu:029:s0059
- Source Date: Text: 東魏至齊前 · Western Interval: Start: AD 536 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:031:s0036, beiqishu:031:s0081
- Source Date: Text: 歡謂澄曰 · Western Year: AD 546Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0340
- Source Date: Text: 武定七年 · Western Year: AD 549Explicit · beiqishu:033:s0043
- Source Date: Text: 武定中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 543 · End: AD 550Explicit event contextual date · weishu:081:s0083
- Source Date: Text: 武定五年 · Western Year: AD 547
- Source Date: Text: 武定四年十一月 · Western Year: AD 546Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0019
- Source Date: Text: 皇建元年 · Western Year: AD 560Explicit · beiqishu:006:s0081
- Source Date: Text: 皇建初配享 · Western Year: AD 560Explicit · beiqishu:027:s0057
- Source Date: Text: 興和二年 · Western Year: AD 540Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0015
- Source Date: Text: 辛亥 · Western Year: AD 546Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0303c
- Source Date: Text: 辛卯 · Western Interval: Start: AD 547 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:003:s0135
- Source Date: Text: 魏元象後 · Western Year: AD 538Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:006:s0004
- Source Date: Text: 魏天平中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 534 · End: AD 537Explicit event contextual date · beiqishu:035:s0021
- Source Date: Text: 齊文襄委任 · Western Interval: Start: AD 534 · End: AD 549Explicit · zhoushu:046:s0036
- Source Date: Text: 齊文襄時 · Western Year: AD 540Strongly inferred · beiqishu:028:s0028
- Source Date: Text: 齊文襄更益嶽兵 · Western Interval: Start: AD 549 · End: AD 549Explicit event contextual date · zhoushu:018:s0162
Family
Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.
- Spouse of Princess Chang of Fengyi (馮翊長公主)Kinship Term: married / 尚 · Union Category: marriage · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 532
- Spouse of Yuyi (玉儀)Union Type: taken into Gao Cheng's household with special favor · Union Category: concubinage · Subject Role: favored consort · Object Role: lord · Relationship State: formed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大同十一年 · Western Year: AD 545
- Sibling of Duke Yang of Taiyuan (太原公洋)Kinship Term: brothers / 兄弟 · Shared Parentage: full
- Child of Lou Zhaojun (婁昭君)Kinship Term: Wenxiang / 文襄 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: conceived Wenxiang / 孕文襄 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son - Parent of Princess Le'an (樂安公主)Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
- Sibling of Gao Yang (高洋)Kinship Term: Duke of Taiyuan Yang / 太原公洋 · Shared Parentage: full · Line: paternal · Subject Relative Age: elder
Kinship Term: elder brother / 兄 · Subject Relative Age: elder · Shared Parentage: full
Kinship Term: younger brother / 弟 · Subject Relative Age: elder · Shared Parentage: full - Sibling of Emperor Xiaozhao (孝昭帝)Kinship Term: elder brother / 兄 · Subject Relative Age: elder · Line: paternal
Kinship Term: younger brother / 弟 · Subject Relative Age: elder
Kinship Term: younger brother / 弟 · Shared Parentage: paternal-half · Subject Relative Age: younger · Line: paternal - Child of Gao Huan (高歡)Kinship Term: son and heir / 父子、世子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: son / 子
Kinship Term: eldest son / 長子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Subject Birth Order: 1 · Line: paternal
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: heir apparent / 世子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子
Parentage: biological - Kin of Duan Xiaoxian (段孝先)Kinship Term: kinsman / 親戚 · Subject Role: kinsman · Object Role: relative
- Spouse of Empress Yuan of Wenxiang (元氏)Kinship Term: married to Wenxiang / 歸於文襄 · Union Category: primary-marriage
Union Category: primary-marriage - Child of Empress Dowager Lou (婁太后)Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son
- Child of Mother of Gao ChengKinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother
- Parent of Prince Xiaowan of Hejian (河間王孝琬)Kinship Term: Prince Xiaowan / 河間王孝琬 · Parentage: biological
Parentage: biological - Parent of Prince Xiaoheng of Guangning (孝珩)Kinship Term: second son / 第二子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 2
- Parent of Prince Changgong of Lanling (長恭)Kinship Term: third son / 第三子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 3
- Sibling of Younger brother of Gao ChengKinship Term: younger brother / 弟 · Shared Parentage: full · Subject Relative Age: elder · Subject Role: elder-brother · Object Role: younger-brother
- Sibling of Sister of Gao ChengKinship Term: younger sister / 妹 · Subject Relative Age: elder
- Kinship Role: daughters · Count: 2Explicit · beiqishu:009:s0055
- Kinship Role: brothers · Note: 汝兄弟 · Quantity: unspecified pluralExplicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0340g
Origins and identity
- Ethnicity: Xianbei / 鮮卑 · Provenance: Mode: named-speech · Speaker Person Id: Hou Jing (侯景)Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0332a
Career and standing
- Label: Minister of Personnel / 吏部尚書 · Action: acting · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元象元年 · Western Year: AD 538Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0010
- Label: charge of the Left and Right / 領左右 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: AD 536Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0008
- Label: Grand Commander of the Capital Region / 京畿大都督 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: AD 536Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0008
- Label: Grand Lord Equal to Three Imperator / 開府儀同三司 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 532Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0005
- Label: Palace Attendant / 侍中 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 532Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0005
- Label: Bearer of Credentials / 使持節 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天平元年 · Western Year: AD 534Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0007
- Label: Director of the Masters of Writing / 尚書令 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天平元年 · Western Year: AD 534Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0007
- Label: Grand Mobile Headquarters / 大行臺 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天平元年 · Western Year: AD 534Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0007
- Label: Inspector of Bing Province / 幷州刺史 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天平元年 · Western Year: AD 534Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0007
- Label: Grand Chancellor / 大丞相 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 武定五年七月 · Western Year: AD 547Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0027
- Label: Grand General / 大將軍 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 興和二年 · Western Year: AD 540Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0015
- Label: Secretariat Supervisor / 中書監 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 興和二年 · Western Year: AD 540Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0015
- Label: junior tutor of the heir apparent / 太子少傅 · Action: appointedExplicit · beiqishu:025:s0024
- Label: Grand General / 大將軍 · Action: heldExplicit · beiqishu:031:s0081
- Title: heir of the Prince of Bohai / 渤海王世子 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中興元年 · Western Year: AD 531Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0003
- Title: Prince of Bohai / 渤海王 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 武定五年七月 · Western Year: AD 547Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0027
- Status: death-concealed · Action: enteredExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0158
- Status: heir of Gao Huan · Label: heir / 世子Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0061
- As: successor / 嗣位Explicit · beiqishu:009:s0026
Places and affiliations
- Label: Eastern Wei / 東魏 · Relation: ruledExplicit event contextual date · zhoushu:018:s0162
- Label: Eastern Wei / 東魏 · Relation: servedExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0003, beiqishu:003:s0027
- Label: Northern Qi / 齊 · Relation: posthumously-honoredExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0137
- Polity: Eastern Wei / 東魏 · Relation: servedExplicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0303c
- Polity: Eastern Wei / 魏 · Relation: ruledExplicit · liangshu:042:s0091
- Place: Juncheng Tomb / 峻成陵 · Relation: buried-atExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0136
Learning and skills
- Relation: student-of · Person Id: Du Xun (杜詢)Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0004
- Skill: quick comprehension / 敏悟 · Level: surpassingExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0004
Works and attributed material
- Work: stone classics / 石經 · Relation: commissionerExplicit · beiqishu:006:s0081
- Explicit · beiqishu:030:s0016
- Kind: letter · Role: author · Other Person Id: Hou Jing (侯景) · Quoted: true · Provenance: Mode: speech · Speaker Person Id: Gao Cheng (高澄)Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0036, beiqishu:003:s0037, beiqishu:003:s0038, beiqishu:003:s0039, beiqishu:003:s0040, beiqishu:003:s0041, beiqishu:003:s0042, beiqishu:003:s0043, beiqishu:003:s0044, beiqishu:003:s0045, beiqishu:003:s0046, beiqishu:003:s0047, beiqishu:003:s0048, beiqishu:003:s0049, beiqishu:003:s0050, beiqishu:003:s0051, beiqishu:003:s0052, beiqishu:003:s0053, beiqishu:003:s0054, beiqishu:003:s0055, beiqishu:003:s0056, beiqishu:003:s0057, beiqishu:003:s0058, beiqishu:003:s0059, beiqishu:003:s0060, beiqishu:003:s0061
- Kind: letter · Role: author · Other Person Id: Liu Yi (劉禕) · Provenance: Mode: quotation · Speaker Person Id: Gao Cheng (高澄)Explicit · beiqishu:035:s0151, beiqishu:035:s0152
- Kind: proclamation · Role: speakerExplicit · zhoushu:018:s0186, zhoushu:018:s0187
- Explicit · beiqishu:028:s0088
- Explicit · beiqishu:040:s0064, beiqishu:040:s0066
- Explicit · beiqishu:048:s0033, beiqishu:048:s0035
- Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quote: true
- Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: trueExplicit · beiqishu:028:s0036
Events and relationships
- Explicit · beiqishu:047:s0112
- Kind: political · Role: summoned · Action: called-to · Place: Jinyang / 晉陽Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0303c
- Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: flood siege; captured Wang SizhengExplicit event contextual date · zhoushu:018:s0162, zhoushu:018:s0175, zhoushu:018:s0186, zhoushu:018:s0191
- Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0332c
- Kind: personal · Role: host · Action: had Zhang Yongxing play pipa for Wenlüe to transcribeExplicit · beiqishu:048:s0032
- Kind: cultural transfer · Role: principal · Action: moved fifty-two Luoyang Stone Classics steles to Ye · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中大同元年 · Western Year: AD 546Explicit · zizhitongjian:159:s0244a
- Kind: administrative · Role: reformer · Action: reformed-appointments · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元象元年 · Western Year: AD 538Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0012
- Kind: administrative · Role: actor · Action: sent Li Tonggui to tutor younger brothersExplicit · beiqishu:006:s0004
- Explicit · beiqishu:047:s0085
- Kind: diplomatic · Role: author · Action: wrote-letter · Other Person Id: Hou Jing (侯景) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 武定五年 · Western Year: AD 547Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0035
- Explicit · beiqishu:003:s0146
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment: harsh in law; fell short of former king's virtue · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgmentExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0161
- Assessment: inherited hegemonic enterprise; power and strategy unmistakable · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgmentExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0159
- Kind: precocity · Statement: precocious and keen from birthExplicit · beiqishu:003:s0002
Source notes
- Historicity: historicalExplicit · beiqishu:028:s0001
- Statement: Sihao served him in horsemanship and archery in youth · Other Person Id: Sihao (思好)Explicit · beiqishu:014:s0103
References in the histories
Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.