Overview
Emperor Xingzong of Liao was a Seventh emperor of the Liao dynasty.
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal name | Yelu Zongzhen | 耶律宗真 | |
| Posthumous name | Emperor the Divine Sage, Filial and Patterned | 神聖孝章皇帝 |
Life and dates
Death
- AD 1055 重熙二十四年秋八月己Directly stated · History of Liao 21, passage 9
- AD 1055 興宗崩Directly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 15
- Directly stated · History of Liao 97, passage 70
Attested activity
- AD 1046 十五年春正月乙酉Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 174
- AD 1046 十五年冬十月己酉Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 200
- AD 1046 十五年十一月乙巳Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 203
- AD 1046 十五年十一月己亥Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 202
- AD 1046 十五年十二月壬申Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 204
- AD 1046 十五年二月丙寅Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 177
Show 68 more source-backed claims
- AD 1046 十五年二月乙卯Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 176
- AD 1046 十五年三月丁酉Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 181
- AD 1046 十五年三月乙酉Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 179
- AD 1046 十五年三月Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 182
- AD 1046 十五年四月戊午Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 184
- AD 1046 十五年四月甲子Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 186
- AD 1046 十五年四月甲戌Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 187
- AD 1046 十五年夏四月辛亥朔Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 183
- AD 1046 十五年六月戊辰Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 189
- AD 1046 十五年七月丁酉Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 195
- AD 1046 十五年七月丙申Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 194
- AD 1046 十五年七月戊子Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 192
- AD 1046 十五年七月辛丑Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 196
- AD 1046 十五年九月甲辰Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 199
- AD 1048 重熙十七年Directly stated · History of Liao 36, passage 158
- AD 1031 AD 1031-1055Strongly inferred · History of Liao 30, passage 22
- AD 1042 十一年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passages 38, 51, 53, 55, 58, 61, 63, 66
- AD 1044 十三年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 107
- AD 1050 十九年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 114, passage 38
- AD 1043 十二年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passages 68, 94
- AD 1049 十八年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 114, passages 35-36
- AD 1045 十四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passages 154-155
- AD 1041 十年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passages 1-2, 17, 19-20, 25, 34
- AD 1031 聖宗崩Directly stated · History of Liao 50, passages 2-3
- AD 1031 聖宗崩後Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 88, passage 151
- AD 916 to AD 1055 自太祖及興宗Directly stated · History of Liao 60, passage 58
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passages 25, 130; History of Liao 67, passage 161
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 65, passage 102
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗以定州俘戶建州Directly stated · History of Liao 39, passage 218
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗先有事於菩薩堂及木葉山遼河神Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 49, passage 67
- AD 1031 興宗即位
- AD 1031 興宗即位Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 62, passage 2; History of Liao 93, passage 154
- AD 1055 興宗崩Directly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 15
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗延慶宮Strongly inferred · History of Liao 45, passage 314
- AD 1044 興宗敗於李元昊Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 109, passage 9
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗時Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 83, passage 74
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗更制Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 49, passage 70
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗朝Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 104, passage 109
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗神聖孝章皇帝Directly stated · History of Liao 66, passage 544
- AD 1038 興宗重熙七年Directly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 12
- AD 1036 興宗重熙五年Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 265
- AD 1031 to AD 1055 舊史稱聖宗、興宗Strongly inferred · History of Liao 54, passage 2
- AD 1055 道宗諒陰Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 86, passage 126
- AD 1031 重元以所謀白於上Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 112, passage 124
- AD 1032 to AD 1055 重熙Directly stated · History of Liao 82, passage 34
- AD 1032 to AD 1055 重熙Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 90, passage 83; History of Liao 97, passages 70, 77
- AD 1034 重熙三年Directly stated · History of Liao 87, passage 54; History of Liao 95, passage 20
- AD 1034 重熙三年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 96, passages 8-9
- AD 1032 to AD 1055 重熙中Directly stated · History of Liao 92, passage 49
- AD 1032 to AD 1055 重熙中Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 110, passages 118, 120
- AD 1040 重熙九年Directly stated · History of Liao 54, passage 45
- AD 1040 重熙九年冊皇太子儀Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 57, passage 25
- AD 1052 重熙二十一年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 45, passage 90; History of Liao 86, passage 125
- AD 1053 重熙二十二年Directly stated · History of Liao 56, passage 30
- AD 1055 重熙二十四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 21, passages 9, 37
- AD 1036 重熙五年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 56, passage 56; History of Liao 62, passages 21, 24
- AD 1036 重熙五年Directly stated · History of Liao 80, passage 15
- AD 1032 重熙元年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 62, passages 9-10
- AD 1037 重熙六年Directly stated · History of Liao 95, passages 8, 10
- AD 1032 to AD 1034 重熙初Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 109, passage 48
- AD 1032 重熙初Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 86, passage 60; History of Liao 89, passage 10; History of Liao 96, passage 138
- AD 1042 重熙十一年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 112, passages 138-139
- AD 1044 重熙十三年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 114, passages 34, 36
- AD 1044 重熙十三年春Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passages 156, 165
- AD 1043 重熙十二年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 91, passage 18
- AD 1046 重熙十五年Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passage 124
- AD 1045 重熙十四年Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 90, passages 36, 38
- AD 1035 重熙四年Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passages 16-17
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Ancestor of Yelü Chun (耶律淳)grandfather of 孫 · 2 generations
grandson 孫 · 2 generations
fourth-generation grandson 第四孫 · paternal line · 4 generations
descent line from 係出 · paternal line - Ancestor of Shulie (朮烈)grandson 孫 · 2 generationsDirectly stated · History of Liao 114, passage 93
- Parent of Crown Prince (太子)crown prince 太子Strongly inferred · History of Liao 109, passages 9, 13
- Parent of Baqin (跋芹)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Liao 65, passages 207, 209
- Parent of Wolitai (斡里太)daughter 女Directly stated · History of Liao 65, passages 207, 216
- Ancestor of Yelü Heluwo (耶律和魯斡)descent line from 係出 · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Liao 66, passages 519, 544
- Ancestor of Yuan (遠)descent line from 係出 · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Liao 66, passages 528, 544
- Ancestor of Shi Du (石篤)descent line from 係出 · paternal lineDirectly stated · History of Liao 66, passages 520, 544
- Sibling of Princess of Qin-Jin (秦晉國長公主)elder sister 姊Directly stated · History of Liao 93, passage 40
- Parent of Emperor Daozong of Liao (遼道宗)father 父
imperial prince
eldest son 長子 · paternal line - Spouse of Empress Renyi of Xiao (仁懿皇后蕭氏)empress 皇后 · Primary marriage
empress consort 皇后
empress 皇后Sources vary in certainty · History of Liao 21, passage 3; History of Liao 67, passage 161; History of Liao 65, passage 208 - Kin of Empress Qin'ai (欽哀皇后)empress dowager 皇太后Strongly inferred · History of Liao 97, passage 79
- Child of Empress Qin'ai (欽哀皇后)son 子
Empress Dowager 皇太后
mother and son 母子Sources vary in certainty · History of Liao 112, passage 123; History of Liao 21, passage 28; History of Liao 109, passages 50-51 - Spouse of Ren'ade (仁德皇后)empress 皇后Strongly inferred · History of Liao 86, passage 125
- Spouse of Empress Xiao (皇后蕭氏)empress 皇后 · Primary marriageDirectly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 58
- Spouse of Empress of Emperor Xingzongempress 皇后 · Primary marriageStrongly inferred · History of Liao 110, passages 119-120
- Child of Emperor Shengzong of Liao (遼聖宗)son 子
father 父Strongly inferred · History of Liao 112, passages 120, 123-124; History of Liao 80, passage 14 - Kin of Xiao Liuning (蕭留寧)imperial maternal uncle 國舅 · maternal lineDirectly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 18
- Parent of Hulu Woli (胡盧斡裏)imperial prince 皇子Directly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 25
- Sibling of Chongyuan (重元)imperial younger brother 太弟 · Uncertain siblings
imperial younger brother 皇太弟
Imperial Younger Brother 皇太弟 · Uncertain siblings
younger brother of the heir 次子 · Full siblingsSources vary in certainty · History of Liao 109, passage 16; History of Liao 19, passage 62; History of Liao 21, passage 17; History of Liao 112, passages 120, 124 - Sibling of Princess of Qin (秦國公主)imperial younger sister 皇妹Directly stated · History of Liao 62, passage 31
- Parent of Parent of Shulie (朮烈之父或母)Strongly inferred · History of Liao 114, passage 93
- Kinship Role daughters · Count 2Directly stated · History of Liao 65, passage 207
- four ancestors 四祖Kinship Role ancestors · Count 4Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passage 164
Key source chapters
- History of Liao, Chapter 89 Volume 89 Biographies 19: Yelu Shucheng, Yang Ji, Yelu Hanliu, Yang Ji, Yelu Heshang 17 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 80 Volume 80 Biographies 10: Zhang Jian, Xing Baopu, Ma Dechen, Xiao Pu, Yelu Eight Brothers 16 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 19 Volume 19 Annals 19: Xingzong 2 15 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 95 Volume 95 Biographies 25: Yelu Honggu, Yelu Maliu, Xiao Dilie, Yelu Shilu, Yelu Chenjianu, Yelu Teme, Yelu Xiantong, Xiao Susa, Yelu Dabeinu 6 passages
- History of Liao, Chapter 96 Volume 96 Biographies 26: Yelu Renxian, Yelu Liang, Xiao Hanjianu, Xiao De, Xiao Weixin, Xiao Leyinnu, Yelu Dilie, Yao Jingxing, Yelu Asi 6 passages
Origins and identity
- Ethnicity Khitan 契丹Strongly inferred · History of Liao 49, passage 67
- Khitan 契丹Strongly inferred · History of Liao 59, passages 2, 45
Career and standing
- BestowedHonor Sagacious Cultured, Sagacious Martial, Heroic Strategist, Divine Merit, Wise Sage, Benevolent Filial Emperor 聰文聖武英略神功睿哲仁孝皇帝Directly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 58
- HeldEmperorDirectly stated · History of Liao 56, passage 30
- AscendedDirectly stated · History of Liao 59, passage 45
- AD 1031 興宗即位Directly stated · History of Liao 80, passages 14, 85; History of Liao 93, passage 154
Places and affiliations
- Polity Id liao · Relation Active inDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passage 2
- Polity Id liao · Relation Associated withStrongly inferred · History of Liao 45, passage 90
- Polity Id liao · Relation Belonged toDirectly stated · History of Liao 92, passage 49
- Polity Id liao · Relation RuledDirectly stated · History of Liao 19, passages 174, 189; History of Liao 21, passage 3; History of Liao 31, passage 25; History of Liao 32, passage 29; History of Liao 36, passage 158; History of Liao 39, passage 218; History of Liao 45, passage 265; History of Liao 49, passage 67; History of Liao 50, passage 2; History of Liao 54, passages 2, 45; History of Liao 56, passage 30; History of Liao 57, passage 12; History of Liao 59, passage 45; History of Liao 60, passage 58; History of Liao 65, passage 102; History of Liao 66, passage 544; History of Liao 86, passage 60; History of Liao 87, passage 132; History of Liao 88, passage 151; History of Liao 89, passage 10; History of Liao 100, passage 66; History of Liao 109, passage 9; History of Liao 110, passage 120
- Polity Id liao · Relation ServedDirectly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 1; History of Liao 67, passage 161; History of Liao 80, passage 14; History of Liao 90, passage 83; History of Liao 95, passage 10; History of Liao 96, passage 138; History of Liao 97, passage 70; History of Liao 103, passage 17; History of Liao 104, passage 109; History of Liao 114, passage 36
- Polity Id liao · Relation ServedStrongly inferred · History of Liao 91, passage 15; History of Liao 112, passage 18
Show 5 more source-backed claims
- AD 1046 十五年六月戊辰At Cool Hall 清涼殿 · Relation Present atDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 189
- At Hall of Imperial Portrait 御容殿 · Relation VisitedDirectly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 13
- At Qing Mausoleum 慶陵 · Relation Buried atDirectly stated · History of Liao 21, passage 37
- At Yanqing Palace 延慶宮 · Relation Eponym ofDirectly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 314
- At Zangtu Hall 菆塗殿 · Relation Present atDirectly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 2
Learning and skills
- Belief Buddhism 浮屠法 · Relation Adherent ofDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passage 9
- Skill pitch and rhythm 音律 · Level fully-conversant · Mode named-source-report Source Work earlier histories 舊史Directly stated · History of Liao 54, passage 2
Works and attributed material
- Ordered household registration and fair burdensEdict · IssuerDirectly stated · History of Liao 59, passages 46-49
- Refused requestEdict · Issuer · ParaphrasedDirectly stated · History of Liao 36, passage 158
- AD 1046 十五年二月丙寅Edict · AuthorDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 177
- AD 1046 十五年三月Edict · AuthorDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 182
- AD 1046 十五年七月辛丑Edict · AuthorDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 196
- AD 1046 十五年九月甲辰Edict · AuthorDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 199
Show 14 more source-backed claims
- AD 1046 十五年Edict · AuthorStrongly inferred · History of Liao 19, passage 175
- AD 1046 重熙十五年Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passages 124-127
- Edict · Author · With Xiao Hanjianu (蕭韓家奴) · Mode quotation Speaker Emperor Xingzong of Liao (遼興宗)Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passages 105-107
- Edict · Author · With Yelü Shucheng (耶律庶成)Directly stated · History of Liao 89, passages 14-16
- Edict · Author · Mode named-source-report Speaker Emperor Xingzong of Liao (遼興宗)Directly stated · History of Liao 56, passage 30
- Edict · Author · Direct quotationDirectly stated · History of Liao 86, passage 45
- Edict · AuthorDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passages 10-11
- Speech · Speaker · With Xiao Hanjianu (蕭韓家奴) · Mode quotation Speaker Emperor Xingzong of Liao (遼興宗)Directly stated · History of Liao 103, passages 115, 118
- Speech · Speaker · With Yang Ji (楊佶)Directly stated · History of Liao 89, passage 80
- You bear heavy responsibility on the frontier; you should fill the treasuries and relieve the poor to repay Us.Directly stated · History of Liao 91, passage 18
- Speech · Speaker · With Yelu Hanliu (耶律韓留)Directly stated · History of Liao 89, passage 129
- Speech · Speaker · With Yelu Pulu (耶律蒲魯)Directly stated · History of Liao 89, passage 35
- Speech · Speaker · Quote trueDirectly stated · History of Liao 83, passage 74; History of Liao 114, passage 36
- Speech · SpeakerDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passages 17, 24
Events and relationships
- Abolished garrisonAD 1046 十五年四月戊午 · Military · Principal · Organization Yaolian Tent 遙輦帳Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 184
- Accepted memorial and began enshrining Xuan and De ancestorsAD 1044 重熙十三年春 · Ritual · AuthorityDirectly stated · History of Liao 103, passage 165
- Amnesty on shengzong birthdayDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passages 204-205
- Appointed and transferredAD 1046 十五年六月癸丑 · Appointment · Appointing authorityDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 188
- AppointedDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 185
- Banned unauthorized official brewingLegal · RulerDirectly stated · History of Liao 59, passages 50-51
Show 53 more source-backed claims
- Commuted and released prisonersAD 1046 十五年三月乙酉 · Legal · PrincipalDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 179
- Commuted death sentenceLegal · AuthorityDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passages 24-25
- Conferred jinshiDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 189
- Crown prince investiture ceremonyAD 1040 重熙九年冊皇太子儀 · Ritual · Reigning emperorDirectly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 25
- DefeatedAD 1044 興宗敗於李元昊 · Military · Commander · With Li Yuanhao (李元昊) · Outcome Fled alone and nearly failed to escapeDirectly stated · History of Liao 109, passage 9
- Yanqing Palace 延慶宮AD 1031 to AD 1055 延慶宮 · Institutional · Founder · Established · Organization Woduwang orudo 窩篤碗斡魯朵Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passage 130
- Forbade cujuAD 1046 十五年夏四月辛亥朔 · Legal · Principal · At Five Capitals 五京Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 183
- Founded Yi Prefecture with Ding captivesAdministrative · Ruler · At Yi Prefecture 宜州Directly stated · History of Liao 39, passage 218
- Granted reliefAD 1046 十五年十一月乙巳 · Relief · Principal · At Nanjing 南京Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 203
- HaltedAD 1046 十五年冬十月己酉 · Travel · Principal · At Zhonghui River 中會川Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 200
- Herd administration continuedAD 916 to AD 1055 自太祖及興宗 · Administrative · RulerDirectly stated · History of Liao 60, passage 58
- Honorific title investiture in dragon regaliaAD 1036 重熙五年 · Ritual · RulerDirectly stated · History of Liao 56, passage 56
- Led funeral ritesDirectly stated · History of Liao 50, passages 3, 5, 10-12, 14
- Lost cities at backgammonDirectly stated · History of Liao 109, passages 18-19
- Made Guyu poetry companion and sought governance counselDirectly stated · History of Liao 104, passage 109
- Mass reappointmentAD 1046 十五年十一月丁亥 · Appointment · Appointing authorityDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 201
- Mourned Hanba and sent envoys with funeral goodsDirectly stated · History of Liao 91, passages 21-22
- Mourned at bierDirectly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 2
- Moved empress dowager to tomb guardingDirectly stated · History of Liao 109, passage 49
- Observed harvestAD 1046 十五年七月戊子 · Ritual · PrincipalDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 192
- Offered libationsDirectly stated · History of Liao 95, passage 12
- Ordered Yelu Shucheng to compose commemorative text inscribed at Chongxiao Temple in ShangjingDirectly stated · History of Liao 91, passage 44
- Ordered eight house clans to wear headclothsAD 1053 重熙二十二年 · Political · RulerDirectly stated · History of Liao 56, passage 30
- Ordered registrationAD 1046 十五年十一月己亥 · Administrative · PrincipalDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 202
- Paid respectsDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 178
- Paid respectsDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 180
- Pardoned younger brotherLegal · AuthorityDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passage 26
- Partial amnestyAD 1046 十五年十二月壬申 · Legal · PrincipalDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 204
- Personally escorted mother backDirectly stated · History of Liao 109, passage 50
- Presented khitan investiture registerAD 1040 重熙九年 · Ritual · ParticipantDirectly stated · History of Liao 54, passage 45
- Promised future successionDirectly stated · History of Liao 109, passage 16
- Promoted for diligenceDirectly stated · History of Liao 92, passage 49
- PromotedDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 197
- Received bequeathed giftsAD 1031 聖宗崩 · Ritual · Recipient · With Emperor Shengzong of Liao (遼聖宗) · At Hall of Imperial Portrait 御容殿Directly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 13
- Received privy council memorial on retitling changgunAD 1036 興宗重熙五年 · Administrative · Reigning emperorDated from the passage context · History of Liao 45, passage 265
- Received tributeAD 1046 十五年三月丁酉 · Diplomatic · Recipient · Counterparty Goryeo 高麗Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 181
- Refused Iron Forbidden State aid against XiaAD 1048 重熙十七年 · Diplomatic · Issuer of edictDirectly stated · History of Liao 36, passage 158
- Registered troopsAD 1046 十五年七月丙申 · Military · PrincipalDated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 194
- Revised systemAD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗更制 · Ritual · Reformer · Object ritual system 更制Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 49, passage 70
- RevisedAD 1031 to AD 1055 興宗先有事於菩薩堂及木葉山遼河神 · Ritual · Actor · Object Mountain Sacrifice Rite sequence and regalia 拜山儀 · At Bodhisattva Hall and Mount Muye Liao River spirit 菩薩堂及木葉山遼河神Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 49, passage 67
- Sent envoys to inspect cropsAdministrative · RulerDirectly stated · History of Liao 59, passage 45
- Summer retreatAD 1046 十五年四月甲子 · Travel · Principal · At Yong'an Mountain 永安山Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 186
- Temple ritesRitual · HonoreeDirectly stated · History of Liao 21, passages 44, 71, 81, 144
- Tested presented scholars on transmission seal essayAD 1038 興宗重熙七年 · Examination · Examiner authorityDirectly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 12
- Went toAD 1046 十五年春正月乙酉 · Travel · Principal · At Huntong River 混同江Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 174
- Went toAD 1046 十五年二月乙卯 · Travel · Principal · At Changchun River 長春河Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 176
- Went toAD 1046 十五年七月丁酉 · Travel · Principal · At Autumn Mountain 秋山Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 19, passage 195
- Court ritual · Offered the Empress Dowager wine for longevity · With Empress Dowager (皇太后)Directly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 19
- Hunt · Hunted at Ma Meng Mountain · At Ma Meng Mountain 馬孟山Directly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 20
- Memorial ritual · Wore plain dress and fed monks on Empress Xuanxian's death anniversary · With Empress Xuanxian (宣獻皇后)Directly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 63
- Policy decision · Accepted Fu Bi's peace argument · With Fu Bi (富弼) · Outcome Friendly relations settledDirectly stated · History of Liao 19, passage 53
- Relation Intimate with · Person Chongyuan (重元)Directly stated · History of Liao 109, passage 16
- Relation Addressed as elder brother · Person Yelü Maliu (耶律馬六)Directly stated · History of Liao 95, passage 21
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment began-decline-of-liao-governance-through-purges · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Liao 62, passage 100
- Assessment revised rites could not be grounded in canonical learning and did not greatly surpass earlier forms · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · History of Liao 49, passage 70
- Item late emperor's bequeathed gifts 遺賜 · Relation Received · With Emperor Shengzong of Liao (遼聖宗)Directly stated · History of Liao 50, passage 13
Source notes
- Historicity historical
References in the histories
160 passages
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